EP0234218A1 - Procédé de régénération des systèmes de filtres à particules de gaz d'échappement - Google Patents

Procédé de régénération des systèmes de filtres à particules de gaz d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234218A1
EP0234218A1 EP87100384A EP87100384A EP0234218A1 EP 0234218 A1 EP0234218 A1 EP 0234218A1 EP 87100384 A EP87100384 A EP 87100384A EP 87100384 A EP87100384 A EP 87100384A EP 0234218 A1 EP0234218 A1 EP 0234218A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regeneration
filter
cylinder
individual
groups
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87100384A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0234218B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Prof. Dr. Pischinger
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Lepperhoff
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Hüthwohl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fev Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh
Original Assignee
Fev Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Fev Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh filed Critical Fev Forschungsgesellschaft fur Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh
Publication of EP0234218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0234218A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0234218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234218B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0082—Controlling each cylinder individually per groups or banks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/38—Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/462—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down
    • F02M69/465—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down of fuel rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the regeneration of exhaust gas particle filter systems by oxidation of deposited particles in internal combustion engines, in which individual cylinders or cylinder groups are assigned separate particle filters.
  • aftertreatment systems for the exhaust gas are used in diesel engines to reduce particle emissions.
  • These essentially consist of filter systems that collect and collect the solid parts of the particle phase.
  • the particles deposited in the filter lead to an increase in the flow resistance in the exhaust system, which increases the exhaust gas back pressure for the engine. With increasing particle mass, depending on the load and speed, this leads to increased fuel consumption and, in extreme cases, to engine standstill. For this reason, it is necessary to continuously or intermittently remove the particles deposited in the filter, generally by oxidizing the particles.
  • the oxidation of the particles collected in the filter sets in at temperatures above 500 - 550 degrees C.
  • the required temperature can be reduced to approx. 400 - 450 degrees C by using catalytic coatings.
  • the object of the present invention is to be able to carry out filter regeneration in the entire operating range of the vehicle without significant deterioration in fuel consumption.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that, in an exhaust gas particle filter system of the type described at the outset, that cylinder or group of cylinders to which the particle filter to be regenerated is assigned, for the regeneration of the filter, the fuel quantity or fuel-air required for this -Mixed quantity is supplied, while the remaining cylinders or cylinder groups are supplied with the fuel or fuel-air mixture quantity required for the respective output.
  • the regeneration of the individual filter elements is carried out by injecting the full load quantity or a quantity of fuel sufficient to reach the regeneration exhaust gas temperature in the cylinder belonging to this filter and by Regulation of the partial load quantity for the other cylinders according to the required engine load.
  • the regeneration of the individual filters can be initiated depending on the time, taking load and speed into account or depending on the exhaust gas.
  • the injection quantity of the individual cylinders can also be distributed electronically via the adjustment of the respective control pistons in a block injection pump or with a regulated pump-nozzle concept. It is also possible to regulate the injection quantity by controlling a bypass valve in the injection line with a constant delivery quantity of the injection pump.
  • a diesel engine 1 is equipped with pump-nozzle elements 2, a fuel supply 5, an exhaust system 4 and a particle filter 3 installed directly on each cylinder in the exhaust system.
  • an electronic control unit 6 controls the injection timing and the injection duration via control lines 7.
  • the electronic control unit 6 sets the injection time and injection duration, for example for the cylinder, such that exhaust gas temperatures are behind this cylinder of over 600 degrees C can be reached. The soot is ignited by the high temperatures and burns. Due to the additional quantity in the cylinder "one”, with constant load and engine speed, it is necessary to set smaller quantities in the cylinders "two", “three” and “four". This is accomplished by the electronic control unit 6.
  • the regeneration of the filters behind the cylinders "two" or “three” or “four” takes place depending on the time or the loading height.
  • the activation for regeneration can take place as a function of time or as a function of a signal which indicates the amount of soot in the particle filter.
  • the exhaust gas back pressure upstream of the respective particle filter or a variable which indicates the soot layer thickness can be used as the control variable.
  • the adjustment of the injection quantity and injection time to initiate the soot combustion and filter regeneration can take place during the entire regeneration time of the respective filter or can also be carried out intermittently to ignite the soot stored in the filter. It is thereby achieved that the soot is ignited by a brief increase in the exhaust gas temperature by intermittent adjustment of the full load quantity and then, due to its exothermic combustion, the temperature increase in the soot layer of the filter is so great that self-supporting soot combustion even at partial load of the cylinder in front of the regenerating filter can be done. This process can also take place alternately between two or more individual cylinders or cylinder groups.
  • cylinder groups can also control the injection control in multi-cylinder machines tion and the exhaust gas routing can be summarized on a monolith.
  • a block injection pump with control of the individual pistons can also be used.
  • the cylinder-specific regeneration can be carried out using a bypass-controlled injection time.
  • the injection pump controls the start of injection and always delivers a constant amount of fuel.
  • the required injection quantity depending on the load or the regeneration requirement is carried out via a cycled bypass valve.
  • FIG. 2 Such a circuit is shown in Fig. 2.
  • An injection pump 9 delivers a constant fuel flow via a pressure line 10.
  • the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber from a nozzle 11 is controlled by a bypass valve 12.
  • the excess amount of fuel flows back into the tank via a return flow line 16.
  • a stepped piston 13 is raised against a spring 14 by an electrical lifting magnet 15 controlled by the electronic control unit 6.
  • the injection pressure in line 10 after the stepped piston 12 has been briefly raised, hits the enlarged area of the bypass valve and opens it suddenly, so that the fuel can flow out via the return line 16, and the injection valve 11 closes.
  • the spring 14 pushes the reciprocating piston back into the starting position.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown and described.
  • the regeneration process described offers significant advantages over regeneration systems with secondary energy, unregulated regeneration systems or regeneration systems with other motor measures. Depending on the application, the following advantages can be achieved: -
  • the filter regenerations can be carried out in almost the entire load range of the engine.
  • the regeneration conditions for a filter exhaust gas temperature, oxygen content
  • exhaust gas temperature, oxygen content can be set during the regeneration as a function of the speed so that reliable, reliable regeneration of a filter is always possible even with a low load.
  • the overrun phase no load
  • the regeneration can be stopped in a controlled manner by slow load reduction on the regeneration cylinder.
  • the filters can be regenerated frequently, the requirements for the soot storage capacity of the filter are relatively low. Smaller filter volumes can therefore be used.
  • the combustion efficiency of the diesel engine is in the range medium load constant and only falls at very high and very low values. For this reason, an increase in fuel consumption during regeneration cannot be expected.
  • a further advantageous possibility for improving and developing the method according to the invention is that when additives are added to the fuel as soot ignition aids, the additive concentration in the regenerating filter is increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
EP87100384A 1986-02-19 1987-01-14 Procédé de régénération des systèmes de filtres à particules de gaz d'échappement Expired EP0234218B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863605255 DE3605255A1 (de) 1986-02-19 1986-02-19 Verfahren zur regeneration von abgas-partikelfiltersystemen
DE3605255 1986-02-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234218A1 true EP0234218A1 (fr) 1987-09-02
EP0234218B1 EP0234218B1 (fr) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=6294448

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87100384A Expired EP0234218B1 (fr) 1986-02-19 1987-01-14 Procédé de régénération des systèmes de filtres à particules de gaz d'échappement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4709547A (fr)
EP (1) EP0234218B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3605255A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015086103A1 (fr) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-18 Daimler Ag Procédé de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile

Families Citing this family (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3817980A1 (de) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-30 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur regenerierung von russabbrennfiltern
DE3829491A1 (de) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Brennstoffzufuhr zu einem regenerationsbrenner
US5024054A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-06-18 Donaldson Company, Inc. Engine exhaust system with sequential loading of multiple filters
US5250094A (en) 1992-03-16 1993-10-05 Donaldson Company, Inc. Ceramic filter construction and method
IT1266889B1 (it) * 1994-07-22 1997-01-21 Fiat Ricerche Metodo di autoinnesco della rigenerazione in un filtro particolato per un motore diesel con sistema d'iniezione a collettore comune.
US5642705A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-07-01 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Control system and method for direct fuel injection engine
DE19531562A1 (de) * 1995-08-28 1997-03-06 Abb Management Ag Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Kraftwerksanlage
JP3395533B2 (ja) * 1996-08-09 2003-04-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ディーゼル機関の排気浄化装置
EP0969186B1 (fr) * 1998-07-03 2003-04-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif pour purifier les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
DE10018062B4 (de) * 2000-04-12 2014-04-03 Volkswagen Ag Mehrzylindermotor für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer mehrflutigen Abgasreinigungsanlage und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Betriebs des Mehrzylindermotors
JP4623869B2 (ja) 2001-06-26 2011-02-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 排気ガス浄化装置、および排気ガスの浄化方法
DE60238235D1 (de) * 2001-09-07 2010-12-23 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Vorrichtung zur Abgasemissionssteuerung eines Motors
JP4042399B2 (ja) * 2001-12-12 2008-02-06 三菱自動車工業株式会社 排気浄化装置
DE102007033424A1 (de) 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Selbstreinigendes Abgasnachbehandlungssystem
DE102007061005A1 (de) 2007-12-18 2009-06-25 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Hydrolyse eines Reduktionsmittels in einem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem
JP5227149B2 (ja) * 2008-12-03 2013-07-03 富士重工業株式会社 エンジンの排気浄化装置
DE102009028354B4 (de) * 2009-08-07 2013-05-29 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Gasführungssystem für eine Peripherie einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Führung von Gas der Brennkraftmaschine, Brennkraftsystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine
US8387372B2 (en) * 2010-03-11 2013-03-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Particulate filter system
DE102010054671A1 (de) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Rußsensors
US8950176B2 (en) * 2011-06-29 2015-02-10 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. System for reducing engine emissions and backpressure using parallel emission reduction equipment

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JPS5979024A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-08 Mazda Motor Corp デイ−ゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置
JPS6022014A (ja) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-04 Mitsubishi Motors Corp ディ−ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタ再生装置
EP0199471A1 (fr) * 1985-04-01 1986-10-29 Arvin Industries, Inc. Dispositif de collecte et de traitement de gaz d'échappement

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JPS5979024A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-08 Mazda Motor Corp デイ−ゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置
JPS6022014A (ja) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-04 Mitsubishi Motors Corp ディ−ゼルパティキュレ−トフィルタ再生装置
EP0199471A1 (fr) * 1985-04-01 1986-10-29 Arvin Industries, Inc. Dispositif de collecte et de traitement de gaz d'échappement

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015086103A1 (fr) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-18 Daimler Ag Procédé de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3760680D1 (en) 1989-11-09
EP0234218B1 (fr) 1989-10-04
DE3605255A1 (de) 1987-08-20
US4709547A (en) 1987-12-01

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