EP0229410A1 - Kältemaschine - Google Patents

Kältemaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229410A1
EP0229410A1 EP86202101A EP86202101A EP0229410A1 EP 0229410 A1 EP0229410 A1 EP 0229410A1 EP 86202101 A EP86202101 A EP 86202101A EP 86202101 A EP86202101 A EP 86202101A EP 0229410 A1 EP0229410 A1 EP 0229410A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigeration machine
defrost
evaporator
machine according
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86202101A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guy Van Hooydonck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sa Financiere Valere Lecluse Ste
Original Assignee
Sa Financiere Valere Lecluse Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sa Financiere Valere Lecluse Ste filed Critical Sa Financiere Valere Lecluse Ste
Publication of EP0229410A1 publication Critical patent/EP0229410A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0401—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a refrigeration machine, more specifically to a compression refrigeration machine substantially comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator.
  • defrosting is carried out, for example, by the contribution of a determined quantity of heat produced externally to the refrigerating machine by means of an electric device independent of the latter. These devices have the drawback of heating the room to be cooled and in the long term producing deposits of coked oil particles causing a malfunction of the machine.
  • the invention relates to improvements to refrigeration machines having defrosting means that are both simple and economical.
  • Such a refrigerating machine is not only advantageous from the defrosting point of view but also from the operating point of view during the refrigerating cycles. Indeed, said machine allows the establishment of a pressure balance of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit during the defrosting period.
  • the compression refrigeration machine having a refrigeration circuit substantially comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, is characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, a defrosting pipe which connects the upper inlet of the condenser to the upper inlet of the evaporator and which is provided with a defrost valve open only during the defrost period during which the compressor is stopped to admit refrigerant in gaseous phase into the evaporator and thus defrost the walls thereof, and, on the other hand, a return line which connects the evaporator to the lower part of the condenser and which is provided with a return valve open only, like the defrost valve , during the defrosting period to ensure the return flow to the condenser of the liquid phase refrigerant in the evaporator.
  • the refrigeration machine comprises a defrost tank, the upper part of which, constantly containing refrigerant in the gas phase, is connected to the upper part from the evaporator by the defrost line and is constantly connected to the upper part of the condenser, and the remaining part of which, which constantly contains refrigerant in liquid phase, is connected to the lower part of the evaporator by a line provided of the regulator and through said return line and is constantly connected to the lower part of the condenser.
  • the refrigerating machine also comprises means for evaporating at least part of the refrigerant coming from the lower part of said defrost tank, which only works during defrosting.
  • the evaporator consists, on the one hand, of a collector and, on the other hand, of a cooler and a dryer, each opening with their lower inlet in said collector, the regulator as well as the defrost line are connected to the upper inlet of the cooler while the compressor is connected to the upper inlet of the dryer and the return line is connected to the manifold of the evaporator.
  • the defrosting line and the return line of this machine have a common part which has a larger internal section than their remaining parts and which is provided a single valve serving both as a defrost valve and as a return valve.
  • the refrigeration machine comprises a device for detecting frost or ice formed on the evaporator during normal operation, this detector device controlling the defrosting and return valves. This feature makes it possible to automatically control defrosting as well as stopping the compressor at the start of the defrosting period and starting it at the end of this period.
  • Figure 1 shows a diagram illustrating the operation of the refrigerant in the refrigeration machine according to the invention
  • Figures 2 and 3 show diagrams of embodiments in which the refrigeration circuit contains a defrost tank
  • Figures 4 and 5 show diagrams of embodiments in which the evaporator consists of a collector, a cooler and a dryer.
  • the refrigeration machine essentially comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a pressure reducer or another restriction device 3 and an evaporator 4.
  • the refrigeration machine has defrosting means consisting essentially of a defrost line 5 and a return line 6.
  • the defrost line 5 connects the upper inlet 7 of the condenser 2 to the upper part 8 of the evaporator 4 and is provided with a defrost valve 9.
  • the return line 6 connects the lower part 10 of the evaporator 4 to the lower part 11 of the condenser 2 and is provided with a return valve 12.
  • valves 9 and 12 are closed while, during defrosting, the valves 9 and 12 are open and the compressor 2 is stopped.
  • a refrigerant in the gas phase of superheated steam and under low pressure is sucked through line 13 by the compressor 2.
  • the refrigerant in the gas phase leaving the compressor 2 is discharged through a pipe 14 at high pressure and temperature in the condenser 2.
  • the condenser 2 is cooled externally by a refrigerant to the temperature of the above refrigerant, for example air blown on the condenser 2 by a fan not indicated.
  • the high temperature of the refrigerant in the gas phase is lowered to the point of condensation, so as to obtain liquid refrigerant in the lower part 11 of the condenser 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant thus obtained by condensation flows by gravity through a pipe 15 and is then brought to the regulator 3.
  • the refrigerant partially vaporized by the expansion valve 3 then passes through the evaporator 4 where vaporization occurs because the enclosure to be cooled provides calories to the evaporator 4, the temperature of the medium outside the evaporator 4 being higher than the temperature prevailing therein.
  • the refrigerant in saturated vapor phase thus passes into superheated vapor phase in the upper part 8 of the evaporator 4.
  • the pressure prevailing in the part of the refrigerating machine between the expansion valve 3 and the compressor 1 passing through the evaporator 4 is substantially equal to the aforementioned low pressure prevailing in the pipe 13.
  • the refrigerant travels through the circuit as indicated by the arrows F1.
  • the condenser coolant acts this time as a heat source for the refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant located at the lower part 11 of the condenser 2 now passes into the condenser 2 which acts as an evaporator.
  • This vaporized refrigerant then passes through the defrost line 5, via the valve 9, into the evaporator 4 where it is condensed by transmitting the heat of vaporization to the layer of ice or frost which melts.
  • This condensed refrigerant is conveyed in the lower part 10 of the evaporator 4 and is evacuated by gravity at through the return line 6 to which the return valve 12 is connected.
  • valves 9 and 12 as well as the control member of the compressor 1 can be actuated manually or automatically.
  • the valves 9 and 12 as well as the control member of the compressor 1 are actuated by a device sensitive to the thickness of the ice formed on the walls of the evaporator 4.
  • this device is a pressure switch 16.
  • This detector device can be any other device suitable for detecting the thickness of a given layer of ice, for example by means of the temperature by a thermostat or a timer. After a determined period of time, the outer walls of the evaporator 4 are covered with a layer of frost or ice, the thickness of which is detected by the pressure switch 16.
  • This pressure switch is connected to the compressor 1 and to the defrost valves 9 and back 12 by electrical conductors 17.
  • the pressure switch 16 having recorded a determined pressure corresponding to a determined layer of ice stops the compressor 1 and ensures the opening of the valves 9 and 12.
  • the pressure switch 16 When the defrosting is finished, the pressure switch 16 simultaneously closes the valves and restarts the compressor 1.
  • the two valves 9 and 12 are, in the forms shown in Figures 1 to 4, control valves. According to an alternative embodiment, only the defrost valve 9 is a control valve, while the return valve 12 consists of a check valve.
  • the refrigerating machine comprises a defrosting tank 18 preferably comprising means for maintaining the liquid refrigerant at a determined level during the operation of the refrigerating machine.
  • This means consists a.a. in the division of the reservoir 18 into two compartments, respectively 19 and 20, the upper parts 21 and 22 of which communicate with each other.
  • the reservoir is arranged by its lower parts 23 and 24 between, respectively, on the one hand, the lower part 11 of the condenser 2 and, on the other hand, the return valve 12 as well as the regulator 3.
  • the part of the pipe defrost 5 located between the condenser 2 and the defrost valve 9 is connected to one of the upper parts 21 or 22 of the tank 18.
  • the second compartment 20 is arranged at a level lower than the level of the first compartment 19.
  • the liquid refrigerant rises in the first compartment 19 until it reaches the level of the opening 25 and the liquid fluid flows by gravity into the second compartment 20.
  • the liquid refrigerant trounant in the first compartment 19 in reserve passes through the condenser 2 which plays the role of evaporator.
  • the reserve of liquid refrigerant in compartment 19 is gradually vaporized until defrosting is completed.
  • the refrigerating machine according to FIG. 2 can only function satisfactorily during defrosting when the condenser 2 is substantially at the same level as the first compartment 19 of the defrosting tank 18 and the evaporator 4 is also at the same level or at a higher level.
  • the refrigeration circuit comprises, according to Figure 3, a means 26 for evaporating at least a portion of the refrigerant from the lower portion 23 of the defrost tank 18, this means operating only during defrost.
  • this means 26 is an electrical resistance at least partially surrounding the pipe connecting the lower part 23 of the defrost tank 18 containing refrigerant to the condenser 2 up to the level of the refrigerant in this pipe.
  • the latter comprises a heat exchanger in which there is a heat exchange, on the one hand, between an external agent, for example air, and, on the other hand, liquid refrigerant in the pipe connecting the lower part 23 of the defrost tank 18 to the condenser 2.
  • an external agent for example air
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 also show two embodiments, the evaporator 4 of which consists, on the one hand, of a collector 27, and, on the other hand, of a cooler 28 and a dryer 29, each opening with their lower inlet in said collector 27.
  • the pressure reducing valve 3 and the defrosting line 5 are connected to the upper inlet (and / or outlet) 30 of the cooler 28.
  • the condenser 2 is connected to the upper inlet (or outlet) 31 of the dryer 29 and the return line 6 is connected to the bottom of the manifold 27 of said evaporator.
  • the defrosting means also comprise a defrosting pipe 5 and a return pipe 6.
  • the defrosting pipe 5 and the return pipe 6 have a common part 32 which has a larger cross-section than their remaining parts and which thus simultaneously allows the circulation of the refrigerant in the gas phase from the condenser 2 to the cooler 28 and the flow of the fluid in the liquid phase from the collector 27 to this condenser 2.
  • a single valve 33 which serves both as a defrost valve and as a return valve.
  • the motor unit of the compressor 1 is also stopped, respectively restarted, at the same time as the single defrosting and return valve 33 is open, respectively closed.
  • Such a control of this motor member of the compressor 1 and of this single valve 33 is carried out using a thermostat 34 which is connected in the upper part of the cooler 28 of the evaporator 4 and which also operates as a function of the thickness of the layer of ice formed on the external walls of the evaporator 4.
  • the pressure reducer can consist of a capillary tube, possibly in series with a drying filter provided between the capillary tube and the condenser 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
EP86202101A 1985-12-12 1986-11-26 Kältemaschine Withdrawn EP0229410A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2/60872A BE903839A (fr) 1985-12-12 1985-12-12 Machine frigorifique.
BE2060872 1985-12-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0229410A1 true EP0229410A1 (de) 1987-07-22

Family

ID=3865775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86202101A Withdrawn EP0229410A1 (de) 1985-12-12 1986-11-26 Kältemaschine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0229410A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS62162855A (de)
BE (1) BE903839A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102226608A (zh) * 2011-04-27 2011-10-26 海尔集团公司 空调器除霜系统、空调器、和空调器除霜方法
WO2017157512A1 (de) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Kühl- und/oder gefriergerät

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5058348B2 (ja) * 2011-02-22 2012-10-24 株式会社東洋製作所 二酸化炭素循環・冷却システムにおけるデフロスト装置
JP5482689B2 (ja) * 2011-02-22 2014-05-07 株式会社東洋製作所 二酸化炭素循環・冷却システムにおけるデフロスト装置
JP5084933B2 (ja) * 2011-04-01 2012-11-28 株式会社東洋製作所 二酸化炭素循環・冷却システムにおけるデフロスト装置
JP5084934B2 (ja) * 2011-04-04 2012-11-28 株式会社東洋製作所 二酸化炭素循環・冷却システムにおけるデフロスト装置

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1085225A (fr) * 1953-06-05 1955-01-28 Carba Sa Procédé et installation pour le dégel automatique de refroidisseurs d'air et pourle chauffage de chambres froides d'une installation de réfrigérateur électriquement complètement automatique
US2713249A (en) * 1953-04-13 1955-07-19 Fred J Schordine Liquid defrosting system and the like
USRE24782E (en) * 1960-02-16 Frost attractor for refrigerators
FR1308501A (fr) * 1961-12-26 1962-11-03 Contardo S P A Procédé et dispositif de dégivrage rapide et complet à gaz chaud pour réfrigérateurs et installations semblables
FR1401579A (fr) * 1964-06-05 1965-06-04 Dual Jet Refrigeration Co Procédé et dispositif de dégivrage, applicables aux vitrines réfrigérées
FR1571875A (de) * 1967-07-07 1969-06-20
US3637005A (en) * 1970-02-05 1972-01-25 Halstead Ind Inc Refrigeration defrost system with constant pressure heated receiver
US4012921A (en) * 1976-01-07 1977-03-22 Emhart Industries, Inc. Refrigeration and hot gas defrost system
FR2360053A1 (fr) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Leveugle Jules Systeme d'echange thermique a fluide frigorigene
US4285210A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-08-25 General Electric Company Self-contained heating and cooling apparatus
DE3429058A1 (de) * 1984-08-07 1986-02-20 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abtauen eines verdampfers einer luft-waser-waermepumpe

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5521011U (de) * 1978-07-21 1980-02-09

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE24782E (en) * 1960-02-16 Frost attractor for refrigerators
US2713249A (en) * 1953-04-13 1955-07-19 Fred J Schordine Liquid defrosting system and the like
FR1085225A (fr) * 1953-06-05 1955-01-28 Carba Sa Procédé et installation pour le dégel automatique de refroidisseurs d'air et pourle chauffage de chambres froides d'une installation de réfrigérateur électriquement complètement automatique
FR1308501A (fr) * 1961-12-26 1962-11-03 Contardo S P A Procédé et dispositif de dégivrage rapide et complet à gaz chaud pour réfrigérateurs et installations semblables
FR1401579A (fr) * 1964-06-05 1965-06-04 Dual Jet Refrigeration Co Procédé et dispositif de dégivrage, applicables aux vitrines réfrigérées
FR1571875A (de) * 1967-07-07 1969-06-20
US3637005A (en) * 1970-02-05 1972-01-25 Halstead Ind Inc Refrigeration defrost system with constant pressure heated receiver
US4012921A (en) * 1976-01-07 1977-03-22 Emhart Industries, Inc. Refrigeration and hot gas defrost system
FR2360053A1 (fr) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Leveugle Jules Systeme d'echange thermique a fluide frigorigene
US4285210A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-08-25 General Electric Company Self-contained heating and cooling apparatus
DE3429058A1 (de) * 1984-08-07 1986-02-20 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abtauen eines verdampfers einer luft-waser-waermepumpe

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102226608A (zh) * 2011-04-27 2011-10-26 海尔集团公司 空调器除霜系统、空调器、和空调器除霜方法
CN102226608B (zh) * 2011-04-27 2013-03-27 海尔集团公司 空调器除霜系统、空调器、和空调器除霜方法
WO2017157512A1 (de) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Kühl- und/oder gefriergerät
RU2708761C1 (ru) * 2016-03-16 2019-12-11 Либхерр-Хаусгерете Линц Гмбх Холодильное и/или морозильное устройство

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE903839A (fr) 1986-04-01
JPS62162855A (ja) 1987-07-18

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Inventor name: VAN HOOYDONCK, GUY