EP0224096B1 - Press for making formed objects from powdery or granulated materials - Google Patents

Press for making formed objects from powdery or granulated materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224096B1
EP0224096B1 EP86115477A EP86115477A EP0224096B1 EP 0224096 B1 EP0224096 B1 EP 0224096B1 EP 86115477 A EP86115477 A EP 86115477A EP 86115477 A EP86115477 A EP 86115477A EP 0224096 B1 EP0224096 B1 EP 0224096B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
linkage
cylinder
piston
press
auxiliary drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86115477A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0224096A3 (en
EP0224096A2 (en
Inventor
Klaus Eugen Hanft
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Priority to AT86115477T priority Critical patent/ATE68409T1/en
Publication of EP0224096A2 publication Critical patent/EP0224096A2/en
Publication of EP0224096A3 publication Critical patent/EP0224096A3/en
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Publication of EP0224096B1 publication Critical patent/EP0224096B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/26—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks
    • B30B1/28—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks the cam, crank, or eccentric being disposed below the lower platen or table and operating to pull down the upper platen or slide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space

Definitions

  • the mechanical main drive is a crank mechanism which acts via a toggle lever on a lower cross member, which together with two vertical tie rods and an upper cross member is a frame-like Main linkage forms.
  • the trigger linkage is adjustably connected in the direction of the main press axis to an abutment slide on which two abutments are formed.
  • Each of these abutments is one Assigned pressure piece which is pivotally mounted on the lower cross member of the main linkage.
  • the two thrust pieces hit the two abutments and take the abutment slide with him down the pulling linkage until they each hit a height-adjustable deflection curve and are thereby pivoted into an ineffective position.
  • a granular material contained in the die is compressed by a stationary lower punch which penetrates into the die from below; After the pressure pieces have been swung out, the material is redensified by the upper punch, which penetrates deeper into the die, while it remains stationary together with the lower punch.
  • the second auxiliary drive of the known press works purely mechanically; it includes a pull-off curve and a return stroke curve, both of which are attached to a shaft belonging to the main drive and each interact with a curve follower roller on an arc slide.
  • the arc slides are each attached to a lever in a circular arc guide; of these two levers, one is responsible for the movements of the trigger linkage into its lower end position and the other for the return movements of the trigger linkage into the filling position.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a press of the type described in such a way that the construction costs for the auxiliary drives are reduced while maintaining the advantages of the mechanical main drive.
  • At least one of the auxiliary drives has a fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit with at least one cylinder part adjustable in the direction of the main press axis, which limits the stroke of the associated piston and the cylinder space adjoining it.
  • auxiliary drives can be assigned to the mechanical main drive, which consist of a few components and are not susceptible to wear.
  • the or each adjustable cylinder part has a thread which is part of a remotely operable adjusting gear.
  • the first auxiliary drive has an annular cylinder which as a whole is axial with respect to the crossbar is adjustable and encloses an annular piston which can be displaced under fluid pressure into a position protruding from the cylinder, and in that the trigger linkage has a trigger rod which extends through the annular piston and has an engagement surface for it.
  • a counter-piston of larger effective area is arranged axially opposite the piston of the first auxiliary drive, which piston forms a stop for the trigger rod which determines the pressing position of the second pressing tool part.
  • the second auxiliary drive can be designed in such a way that it has a double-acting cylinder fixed on the main axis of the press with two axially adjustable cylinder heads, which determine the end position or the filling position of the second pressing tool part, and the trigger linkage carries a piston which, in the double-acting cylinder, between the two cylinder heads works.
  • the piston of the second auxiliary drive has a larger effective area on the side that is pressurized for the movement into the filling position than on its opposite side.
  • the press shown has a housing 10 with a pair of attached stands 12, in which a pair of tie rods 14 are arranged parallel and symmetrically to a vertical main axis A of the press and guided vertically displaceably.
  • the tie rods 14 are connected within the housing 10 by a lower cross member 16 and above the stand 12 by an upper cross member 18 and together with these cross members form a main linkage 20 in the form of a rectangular frame.
  • An upper cylinder 22 is supported on the upper crossmember 18 and bears an upper punch 24 projecting vertically downwards and adjustable along the main axis A of the press.
  • a stationary press table 26 is arranged between the two stands 12 and bears a lower punch 28 which projects vertically upwards along the main axis A of the press.
  • the trigger linkage 30 includes a trigger rod 32, which is arranged essentially within the housing 10, a coupling piece 34, which connects the trigger rod 32 to a horizontal yoke 36 arranged below the press table 26, a pair of vertical guide rods 38, which also hold the yoke 36 together an adapter 40, and a pair of upwardly projecting upper guide rods 42, on which an upper yoke 44 carrying the upper punch 24 is guided.
  • a die 46 is exchangeably attached to the adapter 40.
  • a motor (not shown), which belongs to a main drive 50, is arranged in a motor housing 48 which is mounted laterally on the housing 10.
  • the main drive 50 also includes a crankshaft 52 with a pair of eccentric disks 54, which are each connected to a bearing journal 58 on the lower cross member 16 by a connecting rod 56 mounted on them.
  • a roller 60 is mounted, each running on a vertical guide 62 on the housing 10.
  • the crankshaft 52 can be driven continuously or intermittently by one full revolution and thereby sets the main linkage 20 in sinusoidally accelerated and decelerated upward and downward movements.
  • the trigger rod 32 extends through the lower cross member 16 and is carried along by it at least in part during its downward movement, the upper punch 24 and die 46 moving downward together and powder or granular material previously filled into the die 46 being compressed by the lower punch 28 until the die 46 has reached the end position of its working stroke, the so-called press position.
  • the trigger linkage 30 is assigned a first auxiliary drive 64 which can be adjusted so that the trigger linkage together with the die 46 leads the main linkage 20 together with the upper punch 24, the die 46 thus reaches its pressing position when the upper punch 24 still has a rest of its downward stroke in front of it and executes a relative movement with respect to lower punch 28 and die 46 during this remaining downward stroke in order to compact the powdery or granular material inside die 46 from above.
  • the first auxiliary drive 64 includes a hydraulic cylinder 66, 68, which is arranged so as to be vertically adjustable coaxially with the trigger rod 32 in the lower crossmember 16, and consists of an outer cylinder jacket 66 which is guided in the lower crossmember so as to be non-rotatable and also screwed to it, in the opposite direction Twist secured inner cylinder liner 68 exists.
  • the inner cylinder liner 68 is connected by a pair of movement threads to a nut 70, which is designed as a chain wheel on the outside and is held axially immovable but rotatable by a holder 72 in the lower cross member 60.
  • the nut 70 can be remotely operated from an actuator on the front of the housing 10 via a chain drive or other transmission.
  • a line 74 for hydraulic fluid under pressure opens into the upper region of the cylinder 66, 68 and can be used to urge an annular piston 76 into its lower end position shown.
  • the cylinder 66, 68 can be adjusted by turning the nut 70 between the two limit positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the annular piston 76 presses on the downward stroke of the main linkage 20 against an annular contact surface 78 on the trigger rod 32 and thereby allows the trigger linkage 30 together with the die 46 to advance the main linkage 20 including the upper punch 24 by the greatest possible amount s.
  • the further the cylinder 66, 68 is adjusted upwards by means of the nut 70, the smaller the amount s; 5 results in s 0.
  • a counter-piston 80 in a further hydraulic cylinder 82 is assigned in the lower part of the housing 10, which can be pressurized by a fluid line 84 opening under the counter-piston 80.
  • the counter-piston 80 forms a stop for the lower end face of the trigger rod 32 and ensures that the trigger rod 30 together with the die 46 remains in their pressed position.
  • a second auxiliary drive 86 is also assigned to the trigger linkage 30.
  • the trigger rod 32 has a smaller diameter below the piston 88 than above it; accordingly, the piston 88 has a larger effective area on its underside than on its top.
  • the piston 88 works in a stepless cylinder 90, which is arranged coaxially with the trigger rod 32 in the housing 10 and is closed at both ends by a cylinder head 92 and 94, respectively.
  • the two cylinder heads 92 and 94 each have an internal thread, with which they are screwed onto an external thread on the cylinder 90, and also have external teeth, by means of which they can be rotated independently of one another via a remotely operable gear, for example from the front of the housing 10 are.
  • a fluid line 96 or 98 formed in the trigger rod 32 opens. If only the fluid line 96 is under pressure while the fluid line 84 is depressurized , the trigger rod 32 is pressed from the pressing position shown in FIG. 6 into its lower end position according to FIG. 8, the die 46 being pulled off the pressed molding so that it can be removed. If the fluid line 98 is then also pressurized, the pulling rod 30 together with the die 46 is moved into its upper end position according to FIG. 7, which forms a filling position for filling the die 46 with new material to be pressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)

Abstract

The press has a main linkage (20) which carries an upper ram (24) and to which a mechanical main drive (50) imparts working and return strokes along a main press axis (A). A draw-off linkage (30) carrying a die (46) undergoes movements, derived from the working stroke of the main linkage via a first auxiliary drive (64), out of a filling position into a press position of the die. A second auxiliary drive (86) ensures movements of the draw-off linkage into an end position and back into the filling position. The two auxiliary drives each have a fluid-actuated piston/cylinder unit with at least one cylinder part (66, 68; 92, 94) which is adjustable in the direction of the main press axis and which limits the stroke of the associated piston (76; 88) and the cylinder space adjacent to this. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Presse zum Herstellen von Formlingen aus pulver- oder granulatförmigen Werkstoffen mit

  • einem Hauptgestänge, das ein erstes Preßwerkzeugteil, insbesondere einen Oberstempel, trägt,
  • einem mechanischen Hauptantrieb für Arbeits- und Rückhübe des Hauptgestänges längs einer Pressenhauptachse,
  • einem Abzuggestänge, das ein zweites Preßwerkzeugteil, insbesondere eine Matrize, trägt,
  • einem ersten Hilfsantrieb für vom Arbeitshub des Hauptgestänges abgeleitete Bewegungen des Abzuggestänges aus einer Füllstellung in eine Preßstellung des zweiten Preßwerkzeugteils und
  • einem zweiten Hilfsantrieb für Bewegungen des Abzuggestänges in eine Endstellung und zurück in die Füllstellung.
The invention relates to a press for producing moldings from powdered or granular materials
  • a main linkage which carries a first pressing tool part, in particular an upper punch,
  • a mechanical main drive for working and return strokes of the main boom along a main press axis,
  • a trigger linkage which carries a second pressing tool part, in particular a die,
  • a first auxiliary drive for movements of the trigger linkage derived from the working stroke of the main linkage from a filling position into a pressing position of the second pressing tool part and
  • a second auxiliary drive for movements of the trigger linkage into an end position and back into the filling position.

Bei einer bekannten Presse dieser Gattung (DE-C 2 424 802 und DE-C 2 424 803) ist der mechanische Hauptantrieb ein Kurbeltrieb, der über einen Kniehebel auf eine untere Traverse einwirkt, die zusammen mit zwei senkrechten Zugstangen und einer oberen Traverse ein rahmenartiges Hauptgestänge bildet. Das Abzuggestänge ist in Richtung der Pressenhauptachse einstellbar mit einem Widerlagerschlitten verbunden, an dem zwei Widerlager ausgebildet sind. Jedem dieser Widerlager ist ein Druckstück zugeordnet, das an der unteren Traverse des Hauptgestänges schwenkbar gelagert ist. Bei jedem Arbeitshub des Hauptgestänges stoßen die beiden Druckstücke gegen die beiden Widerlager und nehmen den Widerlagerschlitten mit ihm das Abzuggestänge nach unten mit, bis sie auf je eine höheneinstellbare Ablenkkurve auflaufen und dadurch in eine unwirksame Stellung geschwenkt werden. Dadurch kommt das Abzuggestänge, an dem eine Matrize befestigt ist, zum Stillstand, während das Hauptgestänge, an dem ein Oberstempel befestigt ist, sich weiter nach unten bewegt. Während der gemeinsamen Abwärtsbewegung von Haupt- und Abzugsgestänge wird ein in der Matrize enthaltener granulatförmiger Werkstoff durch einen ortsfest angeordneten, von unten her in die Matrize eindringenden Unterstempel verdichtet; nach dem Ausschwenken der Druckstücke wird der Werkstoff durch den Oberstempel nachverdichtet, der tiefer in die Matrize eindringt, während diese zusammen mit dem Unterstempel stillsteht.In a known press of this type (DE-C 2 424 802 and DE-C 2 424 803) the mechanical main drive is a crank mechanism which acts via a toggle lever on a lower cross member, which together with two vertical tie rods and an upper cross member is a frame-like Main linkage forms. The trigger linkage is adjustably connected in the direction of the main press axis to an abutment slide on which two abutments are formed. Each of these abutments is one Assigned pressure piece which is pivotally mounted on the lower cross member of the main linkage. With each working stroke of the main linkage, the two thrust pieces hit the two abutments and take the abutment slide with him down the pulling linkage until they each hit a height-adjustable deflection curve and are thereby pivoted into an ineffective position. This causes the trigger linkage, to which a die is attached, to come to a standstill, while the main linkage, to which an upper punch is attached, moves further downward. During the joint downward movement of the main and pulling rods, a granular material contained in the die is compressed by a stationary lower punch which penetrates into the die from below; After the pressure pieces have been swung out, the material is redensified by the upper punch, which penetrates deeper into the die, while it remains stationary together with the lower punch.

Ebenso wie der Hauptantrieb und der erste Hilfsantrieb, zu dem die ausschwenkbaren Druckstücke gehören, arbeitet der zweite Hilfsantrieb der bekannten Presse rein mechanisch; zu ihm gehören eine Abzugkurve und eine Rückhubkurve, die beide auf einer zum Hauptantrieb gehörigen Welle befestigt sind und mit je einer Kurvenfolgerolle an je einem Bogenschlitten zusammenwirken. Die Bogenschlitten sind in je einer Kreisbogenführung an je einem Hebel einstellbar befestigt; von diesen beiden Hebeln ist der eine für die Bewegungen des Abzuggestänges in seine untere Endstellung verantwortlich und der andere für die Rückbewegungen des Abzuggestänges in die Füllstellung.Just like the main drive and the first auxiliary drive, to which the swiveling pressure pieces belong, the second auxiliary drive of the known press works purely mechanically; it includes a pull-off curve and a return stroke curve, both of which are attached to a shaft belonging to the main drive and each interact with a curve follower roller on an arc slide. The arc slides are each attached to a lever in a circular arc guide; of these two levers, one is responsible for the movements of the trigger linkage into its lower end position and the other for the return movements of the trigger linkage into the filling position.

Diese bekannte Presse hat sich bewährt, da sie eine rasche Hubfolge bei großer Genauigkeit der einzelnen Hublängen ermöglicht. Der Herstellungsaufwand für die Hilfsantriebe ist jedoch erheblich, sodaß er die Presse insgesamt merklich verteuert.This well-known press has proven itself because it enables a rapid stroke sequence with great accuracy of the individual stroke lengths. However, the manufacturing effort for the auxiliary drives is considerable, so that it makes the press considerably more expensive overall.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Presse der beschriebenen Gattung derart weiterzubilden, daß bei Aufrechterhaltung der Vorteile des mechanischen Hauptantriebs der Bauaufwand für die Hilfsantriebe vermindert wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a press of the type described in such a way that the construction costs for the auxiliary drives are reduced while maintaining the advantages of the mechanical main drive.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens einer der Hilfsantriebe eine fluidbetätigte Kolbenzylindereinheit mit mindestens einem in Richtung der Pressenhauptachse einstellbaren Zylinderteil aufweist, der den Hub des zugehörigen Kolbens und den an diesen anschließenden Zylinderraum begrenzt.The object is achieved in that at least one of the auxiliary drives has a fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit with at least one cylinder part adjustable in the direction of the main press axis, which limits the stroke of the associated piston and the cylinder space adjoining it.

Auf diese Weise lassen sich dem mechanischen Hauptantrieb Hilfsantriebe zuordnen, die aus wenigen Bauteilen bestehen und wenig verschleißanfällig sind.In this way, auxiliary drives can be assigned to the mechanical main drive, which consist of a few components and are not susceptible to wear.

Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung weist das bzw. jedes einstellbare Zylinderteil ein Gewinde auf, das Bestandteil eines fernbetätigbaren Einstellgetriebes ist.In preferred embodiments of the invention, the or each adjustable cylinder part has a thread which is part of a remotely operable adjusting gear.

Für den Fall, daß das Hauptgestänge wie bei der beschriebenen bekannten Presse eine Traverse aufweist, an welcher der erste Hilfsantrieb angeordnet ist, besteht eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung darin, daß der erste Hilfsantrieb einen ringförmigen Zylinder aufweist, der als Ganzes in bezug zur Traverse axial einstellbar ist und einen ringförmigen Kolben umschließt, der unter Fluiddruck in eine aus dem Zylinder herausragende Stellung verschiebbar ist, und daß das Abzuggestänge eine Abzugstange aufweist, die dich durch den ringförmigen Kolben hindurcherstreckt und eine Angriffsfläche für diesen aufweist.In the event that the main linkage, as in the known press described, has a crossbar on which the first auxiliary drive is arranged, an advantageous development of the invention is that the first auxiliary drive has an annular cylinder which as a whole is axial with respect to the crossbar is adjustable and encloses an annular piston which can be displaced under fluid pressure into a position protruding from the cylinder, and in that the trigger linkage has a trigger rod which extends through the annular piston and has an engagement surface for it.

Dabei ist es ferner vorteilhaft, wenn axial gegenüber dem Kolben des ersten Hilfsantriebs ein Gegenkolben von größerer wirksamer Fläche angeordnet ist, der einen die Preßstellung des zweiten Preßwerkzeugteils bestimmenden Anschlag für die Abzugsstange bildet.It is also advantageous if a counter-piston of larger effective area is arranged axially opposite the piston of the first auxiliary drive, which piston forms a stop for the trigger rod which determines the pressing position of the second pressing tool part.

Der zweite Hilfsantrieb kann dadurch ausgestaltet sein, daß er einen auf der Pressenhauptachse ortsfest angeordneten doppeltwirkenden Zylinder mit zwei axial einstellbaren Zylinderköpfen aufweist, welche die Endstellung bzw. die Füllstellung des zweiten Preßwerkzeugteils bestimmen, und das Abzugsgestänge einen Kolben trägt, der in dem doppeltwirkenden Zylinder zwischen den beiden Zylinderköpfen arbeitet.The second auxiliary drive can be designed in such a way that it has a double-acting cylinder fixed on the main axis of the press with two axially adjustable cylinder heads, which determine the end position or the filling position of the second pressing tool part, and the trigger linkage carries a piston which, in the double-acting cylinder, between the two cylinder heads works.

Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Kolben des zweiten Hilfsantriebs auf der Seite, die für die Bewegung in die Füllstellung unter Druck gesetzt wird, eine größere wirksame Fläche hat als auf seiner entgegengesetzten Seite.It is advantageous if the piston of the second auxiliary drive has a larger effective area on the side that is pressurized for the movement into the filling position than on its opposite side.

Schließlich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Kolben beider Hilfsantriebe und der Gegenkolben auf der Pressenhauptachse angeordnet sind. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders raumsparende Anordnung mit günstiger Kräfteverteilung bei allen Betriebszuständen.Finally, it is advantageous if the pistons of both auxiliary drives and the counter-piston are arranged on the main press axis. This results in a particularly space-saving arrangement with a favorable distribution of forces in all operating states.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert:
Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Vorderansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Presse, die teilweise in der senkrechten Ebene I-I in Fig. 2 geschnitten ist,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht der Presse, die teilweise in der senkrechten Ebene II-II in Fig. 1 geschnitten ist,
Fig. 3
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 mit weiteren in der Ebene I-I geschnittenene Einzelteilen,
Fig. 4
einen weiter vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
einen der Fig. 4 entsprechenden Ausschnitt bei einer anderen Einstellung,
Fig. 6
einen anderen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 3 in Preßstellung der abgebildeten Bauteile,
Fig. 7
einen der Fig. 6 entsprechenden Ausschnitt in Füllstellung und
Fig. 8
einen entsprechenden Ausschnitt in der Endstellung der abgebildeten Bauteile.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in the following with the aid of schematic drawings:
It shows:
Fig. 1
3 shows a front view of a press according to the invention, which is partially cut in the vertical plane II in FIG. 2,
Fig. 2
a side view of the press, which is partially cut in the vertical plane II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 1 with further individual parts cut in plane II,
Fig. 4
3 shows a further enlarged detail from FIG. 3,
Fig. 5
4 in a different setting,
Fig. 6
3 shows another enlarged detail from FIG. 3 in the pressed position of the components shown,
Fig. 7
a section corresponding to FIG. 6 in the filling position and
Fig. 8
a corresponding section in the end position of the components shown.

Die dargestellte Presse hat ein Gehäuse 10 mit einem Paar aufgesetzter Ständer 12, in denen ein Paar Zugstangen 14 parallel und symmetrisch zu einer senkrechten Pressenhauptachse A angeordnet und senkrecht verschiebbar geführt ist. Die Zugstangen 14 sind innerhalb des Gehäuses 10 durch eine untere Traverse 16 und oberhalb der Ständer 12 durch eine obere Traverse 18 miteinander verbunden und bilden zusammen mit diesen Traversen ein Hauptgestänge 20 in Form eines rechteckigen Rahmens.The press shown has a housing 10 with a pair of attached stands 12, in which a pair of tie rods 14 are arranged parallel and symmetrically to a vertical main axis A of the press and guided vertically displaceably. The tie rods 14 are connected within the housing 10 by a lower cross member 16 and above the stand 12 by an upper cross member 18 and together with these cross members form a main linkage 20 in the form of a rectangular frame.

An der oberen Traverse 18 ist ein oberer Zylinder 22 abgestützt, der einen senkrecht nach unten ragenden und längs der Pressenhauptachse A verstellbaren Oberstempel 24 trägt. Im Abstand unterhalb von diesem ist zwischen den beiden Ständern 12 ein ortsfester Pressentisch 26 angeordnet, der einen längs der Pressenhauptachse A senkrecht nach oben ragenden Unterstempel 28 trägt.An upper cylinder 22 is supported on the upper crossmember 18 and bears an upper punch 24 projecting vertically downwards and adjustable along the main axis A of the press. At a distance below this, a stationary press table 26 is arranged between the two stands 12 and bears a lower punch 28 which projects vertically upwards along the main axis A of the press.

Zwischen den Zugstangen 14 ist ferner ein Abzuggestänge 30 angeordnet, das ebenfalls längs der Pressenhauptachse A auf- und abbeweglich und zu dieser symmetrisch ist. Zum Abzuggestänge 30 gehören eine Abzugstange 32, die im wesentlichen innerhalb des Gehäuses 10 angeordnet ist, ein Kupplungsstück 34, das die Abzugstange 32 mit einem unterhalb des Pressentisches 26 angeordneten, waagerechten Joch 36 verbindet, ein Paar senkrechte Führungsstangen 38, die das Joch 36 mit einem Adapter 40 verbinden, und ein Paar von diesem nach oben ragende obere Führungsstangen 42, an denen ein den Oberstempel 24 tragendes oberes Joch 44 geführt ist. An dem Adapter 40 ist eine Matrize 46 auswechselbar befestigt.Between the tie rods 14 there is also a trigger linkage 30, which can likewise be moved up and down along the main axis A of the press and is symmetrical to the latter. The trigger linkage 30 includes a trigger rod 32, which is arranged essentially within the housing 10, a coupling piece 34, which connects the trigger rod 32 to a horizontal yoke 36 arranged below the press table 26, a pair of vertical guide rods 38, which also hold the yoke 36 together an adapter 40, and a pair of upwardly projecting upper guide rods 42, on which an upper yoke 44 carrying the upper punch 24 is guided. A die 46 is exchangeably attached to the adapter 40.

In einem seitlich an das Gehäuse 10 angebauten Motorgehäuse 48 ist ein nicht dargestellter Motor angeordnet, der zu einem Hauptantrieb 50 gehört. Zum Hauptantrieb 50 gehören ferner eine Kurbelwelle 52 mit einem Paar Exzenterscheiben 54, die durch je ein auf Ihnen gelagertes Pleuel 56 mit einem Lagerzapfen 58 an der unteren Traverse 16 verbunden sind. Auf jedem der beiden Lagerzapfen 58, die auf einer gemeinsamen waagerechten Achse liegen, ist eine Rolle 60 gelagert, die auf je einer senkrechten Führung 62 am Gehäuse 10 läuft. Die Kurbelwelle 52 ist durchlaufend oder intermittierend um je eine volle Umdrehung antreibbar und versetzt dabei das Hauptgestänge 20 in sinusförmig beschleunigte und verzögerte Auf- und Abwärtsbewegungen.A motor (not shown), which belongs to a main drive 50, is arranged in a motor housing 48 which is mounted laterally on the housing 10. The main drive 50 also includes a crankshaft 52 with a pair of eccentric disks 54, which are each connected to a bearing journal 58 on the lower cross member 16 by a connecting rod 56 mounted on them. On each of the two journals 58, which lie on a common horizontal axis, a roller 60 is mounted, each running on a vertical guide 62 on the housing 10. The crankshaft 52 can be driven continuously or intermittently by one full revolution and thereby sets the main linkage 20 in sinusoidally accelerated and decelerated upward and downward movements.

Die Abzugstange 32 erstreckt sich durch die untere Traverse 16 hindurch und wird von dieser jeweils mindestens auf einem Teil ihrer Abwärtsbewegung mitgenommen, wobei sich Oberstempel 24 und Matrize 46 gemeinsam abwärtsbewegen und zuvor in die Matrize 46 eingefüllter pulver- oder granulatförmiger Werkstoff vom Unterstempel 28 verdichtet wird, bis die Matrize 46 die Endstellung ihres Arbeitshubes, die sogenannte Preßstellung, erreicht hat.The trigger rod 32 extends through the lower cross member 16 and is carried along by it at least in part during its downward movement, the upper punch 24 and die 46 moving downward together and powder or granular material previously filled into the die 46 being compressed by the lower punch 28 until the die 46 has reached the end position of its working stroke, the so-called press position.

Dem Abzuggestänge 30 ist ein erster Hilfsantrieb 64 zugeordnet, der sich so einstellen läßt, daß das Abzuggestänge samt Matrize 46 dem Hauptgestänge 20 samt Oberstempel 24 voraneilt, die Matrize 46 also ihre Preßstellung erreicht, wenn der Oberstempel 24 noch einen Rest seines Abwärtshubes vor sich hat und während dieses restlichen Abwärtshubes eine Relativbewegung gegenüber Unterstempel 28 und Matrize 46 ausführt, um den pulver- oder granulatförmigen Werkstoff innerhalb der Matrize 46 von oben her nachzuverdichten.The trigger linkage 30 is assigned a first auxiliary drive 64 which can be adjusted so that the trigger linkage together with the die 46 leads the main linkage 20 together with the upper punch 24, the die 46 thus reaches its pressing position when the upper punch 24 still has a rest of its downward stroke in front of it and executes a relative movement with respect to lower punch 28 and die 46 during this remaining downward stroke in order to compact the powdery or granular material inside die 46 from above.

Zum ersten Hilfsantrieb 64 gehört ein hydraulischer Zylinder 66, 68, der gleichachsig mit der Abzugstange 32 in der unteren Traverse 16 senkrecht verstellbar angeordnet ist und aus einem in der unteren Traverse verdrehsicher geführten äußeren Zylindermantel 66 sowie einer damit verschraubten, ebenfalls gegen Verdrehen gesicherten inneren Zylinderbüchse 68 besteht. Die innere Zylinderbüchse 68 ist durch eine Bewegungsgewindepaarung mit einer Mutter 70 verbunden, die außen als Kettenrad ausgebildet ist und durch einen Halterung 72 in der unteren Traverse 60 axial unverschiebbar, jedoch drehbar gehalten ist. Die Mutter 70 läßt sich von einem Betätigungselement an der Vorderseite des Gehäuses 10 über einen Kettentrieb oder ein anderes Getriebe fernbetätigen.The first auxiliary drive 64 includes a hydraulic cylinder 66, 68, which is arranged so as to be vertically adjustable coaxially with the trigger rod 32 in the lower crossmember 16, and consists of an outer cylinder jacket 66 which is guided in the lower crossmember so as to be non-rotatable and also screwed to it, in the opposite direction Twist secured inner cylinder liner 68 exists. The inner cylinder liner 68 is connected by a pair of movement threads to a nut 70, which is designed as a chain wheel on the outside and is held axially immovable but rotatable by a holder 72 in the lower cross member 60. The nut 70 can be remotely operated from an actuator on the front of the housing 10 via a chain drive or other transmission.

Im oberen Bereich des Zylinders 66, 68 mündet eine Leitung 74 für unter Druck stehendes hydraulisches Fluid, mit dem sich ein ringförmiger Kolben 76 in seine abgebildete untere Endstellung drängen läßt. Der Zylinder 66, 68 läßt sich durch Drehen der Mutter 70 zwischen den beiden in Fig. 4 und 5 abgebildeten Grenzlagen verstellen. In der unteren Grenzlage gemäß Fig. 4 drückt der ringförmige Kolben 76 beim Abwärtshub des Hauptgestänges 20 gegen eine ringförmige Angriffsfläche 78 an der Abzugstange 32 und läßt dadurch das Abzuggestänge 30 samt Matrize 46 dem Hauptgestänge 20 samt Oberstempel 24 um den größtmöglichen Betrag s voraneilen. Je weiter der Zylinder 66, 68 mittels der Mutter 70 nach oben verstellt wird, desto geringer wird der Betrag s; bei der Einstellung gemäß Fig. 5 ergibt sich s = 0.A line 74 for hydraulic fluid under pressure opens into the upper region of the cylinder 66, 68 and can be used to urge an annular piston 76 into its lower end position shown. The cylinder 66, 68 can be adjusted by turning the nut 70 between the two limit positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the lower limit position according to FIG. 4, the annular piston 76 presses on the downward stroke of the main linkage 20 against an annular contact surface 78 on the trigger rod 32 and thereby allows the trigger linkage 30 together with the die 46 to advance the main linkage 20 including the upper punch 24 by the greatest possible amount s. The further the cylinder 66, 68 is adjusted upwards by means of the nut 70, the smaller the amount s; 5 results in s = 0.

Ebenfalls gleichachsig mit der Abzugstange 32 ist im unteren Teil des Gehäuses 10 ein Gegenkolben 80 in einem weiteren hydraulischen Zylinder 82 zugeordnet, der durch eine unter dem Gegenkolben 80 mündende Fluidleitung 84 unter Druck setzbar ist. Solange der Zylinder 82 unter Druck steht, bildet der Gegenkolben 80 gemäß Fig. 1, 3 und 6 einen Anschlag für die untere Stirnfläche der Abzugstange 32 und sorgt dafür, daß das Abzuggestänge 30 samt Matrize 46 in deren Preßstellung stehenbleibt.Likewise coaxial with the trigger rod 32, a counter-piston 80 in a further hydraulic cylinder 82 is assigned in the lower part of the housing 10, which can be pressurized by a fluid line 84 opening under the counter-piston 80. As long as the cylinder 82 is under pressure, the counter-piston 80 according to FIGS. 1, 3 and 6 forms a stop for the lower end face of the trigger rod 32 and ensures that the trigger rod 30 together with the die 46 remains in their pressed position.

Wenn der Zylinder 66, 68 des ersten Hilfsantriebs 64 so eingestellt ist, daß der von oben her unter Druck gesetzte ringförmige Kolben 76 nach unten aus der unteren Traverse 16 herausragt, wird dieser Kolben 76 vom Gegenkolben 80 in seinen Zylinder 66, 68 zurückgedrängt, während das zwangsweise mechanisch angetriebene Hauptgestänge 20 vollends in seine untere Endstellung bewegt wird. Dabei findet die beschriebene Nachpressung des pulver- oder granulatförmigen Werkstoffs statt.If the cylinder 66, 68 of the first auxiliary drive 64 is set such that the annular piston 76 pressurized from above protrudes downward from the lower cross member 16, this piston 76 is pushed back into its cylinder 66, 68 by the counter-piston 80, while the mechanically driven main linkage 20 is completely moved into its lower end position. The described pressing of the powder or granular material takes place.

Dem Abzuggestänge 30 ist ferner ein zweiter Hilfsantrieb 86 zugeordnet. Dazu gehört ein Kolben 88, der unterhalb der unteren Traverse 16 an der Abzugstange 32 ausgebildet oder befestigt ist. Die Abzugstange 32 hat unterhalb des Kolbens 88 einen kleineren Durchmesser als oberhalb davon; dementsprechend hat der Kolben 88 an seiner Unterseite eine größere Wirkfläche als an seiner Oberseite. Der Kolben 88 arbeitet in einem stufenlosen Zylinder 90, der gleichachsig mit der Abzugstange 32 ortsfest im Gehäuse 10 angeordnet und an seinen beiden Enden durch je einen Zylinderkopf 92 bzw. 94 abgeschlossen ist. Die beiden Zylinderköpfe 92 und 94 haben je ein Innengewinde, mit dem sie auf je ein Außengewinde am Zylinder 90 aufgeschraubt sind, und haben ferner eine Außenverzahnung, über die sie unabhängig voneinander über ein fernbetätigbares Getriebe, beispielsweise von der Vorderseite des Gehäuses 10 aus, drehbar sind.A second auxiliary drive 86 is also assigned to the trigger linkage 30. This includes a piston 88, which is formed or fastened below the lower cross member 16 on the trigger rod 32. The trigger rod 32 has a smaller diameter below the piston 88 than above it; accordingly, the piston 88 has a larger effective area on its underside than on its top. The piston 88 works in a stepless cylinder 90, which is arranged coaxially with the trigger rod 32 in the housing 10 and is closed at both ends by a cylinder head 92 and 94, respectively. The two cylinder heads 92 and 94 each have an internal thread, with which they are screwed onto an external thread on the cylinder 90, and also have external teeth, by means of which they can be rotated independently of one another via a remotely operable gear, for example from the front of the housing 10 are.

In die beiden Zylinderräume, die zwischen Kolben 88 und oberem und unterem Zylinderkopf 92 bzw. 94 gebildet sind, mündet je eine in der Abzugstange 32 ausgebildete Fluidleitung 96 bzw. 98. Wenn nur die Fluidleitung 96 unter Druck steht, während die Fluidleitung 84 drucklos ist, wird die Abzugstange 32 aus der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Preßstellung in ihre untere Endstellung gemäß Fig. 8 gedrückt, wobei die Matrize 46 von dem gepreßten Formling abgezogen wird, sodaß dieser entnommen werden kann. Wenn anschließend auch die Fluidleitung 98 unter Druck gesetzt wird, dann wird das Abzuggestänge 30 samt Matrize 46 gemäß Fig. 7 in ihre obere Endstellung bewegt, die eine Füllstellung zum Füllen der Matrize 46 mit neuem zu pressenden Werkstoff bildet.In each of the two cylinder spaces, which are formed between the piston 88 and the upper and lower cylinder heads 92 and 94, a fluid line 96 or 98 formed in the trigger rod 32 opens. If only the fluid line 96 is under pressure while the fluid line 84 is depressurized , the trigger rod 32 is pressed from the pressing position shown in FIG. 6 into its lower end position according to FIG. 8, the die 46 being pulled off the pressed molding so that it can be removed. If the fluid line 98 is then also pressurized, the pulling rod 30 together with the die 46 is moved into its upper end position according to FIG. 7, which forms a filling position for filling the die 46 with new material to be pressed.

Claims (7)

  1. Press for making formed objects from powdery or granulated materials, comprising
    - a main linkage (20) which carries a first part of a compression mould, especially a top ram (24),
    - a mechanical main drive unit (50) for working and return strokes of the main linkage (20) along a press main axis (A),
    - a lifting-off linkage (30) which carries a second part of the compression mould, especially a female mould (46),
    - a first auxiliary drive unit (64) for movements of the lifting-off linkage (30 which are derived from the working stroke of the main linkage (20) and move the second part of the compression mould from a filling position into a compression position, and
    - a second auxiliary drive unit (86) for movements of the lifting-off linkage (30) into an end position and back to the filling position,
    characterized in that at least one of the auxiliary drive units (64; 86) has a fluid-operated piston cylinder unit with at least one cylinder part (66, 68; 92, 94) which is adjustable in the direction of the press main axis (A), said cylinder part limiting the stroke of the associated piston (76; 88) and the cylinder space adjacent thereto.
  2. Press according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the or each adjustable cylinder part (66, 68; 92, 94) has a threaded portion which is part of a remote-controlled adjusting mechanism.
  3. Press according to claim 1 or 2, in which the main linkage (20) has a cross head (16) on which the first auxiliary drive unit (64) is mounted,
    characterized in that the first auxiliary drive unit (64) has an annular cylinder (66, 68) which is axially adjustable, as a unit, relatively to the cross head (16) and encloses an annular piston (76) which is slidably moveable under fluid pressure into a position projecting out of the cylinder (66, 68), and in that the lifting-off linkage (30) has a lifting-off bar (32) which projects through the annular piston (76) and has formed thereon a face (78) for engagement with said piston.
  4. Press according to claim 3,
    characterized in that in a position axially opposite to the piston (76) of the first auxiliary drive unit (64) a counter piston (80) of greater effective surface is arranged which forms a stop defining for the lifting-off bar (32) the compression position of the second part of the compression mould (female mould 46).
  5. Press according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the second auxiliary drive unit (86) has a double-acting cylinder (90) stationarily arranged on the press main axis (A) and having two axially adjustable cylinder heads (92, 94) which define the end position and the filling position, respectively, of the second part of the compression mould (female mould 46), and in that the lifting-off linkage (30) carries a piston (88) working in the double-acting cylinder (90) between both cylinder heads (92, 94).
  6. Press according to claim 5,
    characterized in that the piston (88) of the second auxiliary drive unit (86) has a greater effective surface on the side which is pressurized to effect movement into the filling position than on its opposite side.
  7. Press according to claim 5 or 6 or in combination with claim 4,
    characterized in that the pistons (76, 88) of both auxiliary drive units (64, 86) and the counter piston (80) are disposed on the press main axis (A).
EP86115477A 1985-11-22 1986-11-07 Press for making formed objects from powdery or granulated materials Expired - Lifetime EP0224096B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86115477T ATE68409T1 (en) 1985-11-22 1986-11-07 PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MOLDINGS FROM POWDER OR GRANULATE MATERIALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853541387 DE3541387A1 (en) 1985-11-22 1985-11-22 PRESS FOR PRODUCING MOLDINGS FROM POWDERED OR GRANULAR MATERIALS
DE3541387 1985-11-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0224096A2 EP0224096A2 (en) 1987-06-03
EP0224096A3 EP0224096A3 (en) 1988-11-30
EP0224096B1 true EP0224096B1 (en) 1991-10-16

Family

ID=6286604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86115477A Expired - Lifetime EP0224096B1 (en) 1985-11-22 1986-11-07 Press for making formed objects from powdery or granulated materials

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EP (1) EP0224096B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68409T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3541387A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE55086T1 (en) * 1987-05-07 1990-08-15 Graebener Theodor Pressensyst PRESS, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DIMENSIONAL PRESSINGS FROM POWDER MATERIALS, AND METHOD FOR OPERATION OF SUCH PRESS.
ES2021657B3 (en) * 1987-09-02 1991-11-16 Theodor Grabener Pressensysteme Gmbh & Co Kg PRESS TO PRODUCE PRESSED PIECES OF SPRAY MATERIAL.
DE4114880A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Komage Gellner & Co Maschinenf Preform press for compacting powdered materials - has mechanical and hydraulic drive system which may by controlled in relation to each other for high prodn. of critical preforms
DE4127655A1 (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-02-25 Manfred Pscherer Press for powderised material - has toothed gear or eccentric drive, to move upper punch, and traverse beam, enclosing hollow space with hydraulic cylinder piston
GB9206526D0 (en) * 1992-03-25 1992-05-06 Komage Gellner & Co Press apparatus
DE4304872A1 (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-09-01 Manfred Pscherer Press for powdered and similar materials
DE502004005039D1 (en) 2004-11-17 2007-10-31 Bruderer Ag Multistage press
ATE523326T1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2011-09-15 Roland-Marcel Zumstein DEVICE FOR PUNCHING AND/OR FORMING SHEETS, WIRES AND THE LIKE
DE102011100618A1 (en) 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Sms Meer Gmbh Powder press or powder press adapter and method for operating a powder press
DE102012013227B4 (en) 2012-07-04 2014-12-31 Sms Meer Gmbh powder Press
DE102012013229B4 (en) 2012-07-04 2014-10-09 Sms Meer Gmbh powder Press

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB587577A (en) * 1943-04-02 1947-04-30 Leslie Stewart Hubbert Briquetting press
DE925748C (en) * 1944-11-24 1955-03-28 Mueller Fritz Fa Device for pressing powders, preferably metal powders
US2831212A (en) * 1954-07-29 1958-04-22 Byron B Belden Pre-pressing die control apparatus
US2825092A (en) * 1954-11-17 1958-03-04 Bliss E W Co Briquetting press
US2918040A (en) * 1954-12-15 1959-12-22 Mead Specialties Company Power cylinder assembly
DE1088811B (en) * 1955-01-21 1960-09-08 Komage Gellner & Co Maschinenf Device for controlling the press die during presses
DE1920969B2 (en) * 1969-04-24 1975-04-30 Mannesmann Pulvermetall Gmbh, 4050 Moenchengladbach Stroke limitation in a hydraulic metal powder press
DE2424802C3 (en) * 1974-05-22 1978-08-31 Gebr. Netzsch, Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 8672 Selb Press for the production of moldings from powdery or granular materials
DE2424803B2 (en) * 1974-05-22 1978-05-11 Gebrueder Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 8672 Selb Press for making moldings from powdery! or granular materials
US4260346A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-04-07 Anderson Jr Raymond B Press assembly for powder material
DE3142126A1 (en) * 1981-10-23 1983-05-11 Dorst-Keramikmaschinen-Bau Otto Dorst U. Dipl.-Ing. Walter Schlegel, 8113 Kochel "PRESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TAILORED PRESSINGS FROM POWDER-SHAPED MATERIAL"

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0224096A3 (en) 1988-11-30
DE3682029D1 (en) 1991-11-21
EP0224096A2 (en) 1987-06-03
DE3541387A1 (en) 1987-05-27
ATE68409T1 (en) 1991-11-15

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