EP0223127B1 - Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs - Google Patents

Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0223127B1
EP0223127B1 EP86115024A EP86115024A EP0223127B1 EP 0223127 B1 EP0223127 B1 EP 0223127B1 EP 86115024 A EP86115024 A EP 86115024A EP 86115024 A EP86115024 A EP 86115024A EP 0223127 B1 EP0223127 B1 EP 0223127B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
mixture
gas
diving
depths
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86115024A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0223127A2 (fr
EP0223127A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Lubitzsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0223127A2 publication Critical patent/EP0223127A2/fr
Publication of EP0223127A3 publication Critical patent/EP0223127A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0223127B1 publication Critical patent/EP0223127B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/40—Rescue equipment for personnel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/40—Rescue equipment for personnel
    • B63G2008/406—Submarine escape suits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diving rescuer with a fillable buoyancy body and a breathing bag, in which breathing gas mixture is metered from a compressed gas supply.
  • Such diving rescuers are used in particular for the rapid ascent from damaged underwater vehicles, which make it possible for e.g. Submarine crew members can rise from the depth.
  • a buoyancy body provides the necessary buoyancy, while a breathing gas supply provides the ascending person with breathing gas of a suitable composition.
  • a known diving rescuer is described in DE book: G. Haux, Tauchtchnik, volume 1, page 32, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1969.
  • a breathing gas mixture of, for example, 50% oxygen and 50% nitrogen is stored in a mixed gas bottle under a maximum pressure of 200 kp / cm2.
  • the gas flows through a pressure reducer and a downstream throttle into the breathing circuit, to which the carrier of the diving rescuer is connected via a mouthpiece.
  • the exhalation takes place via a breathing bag, from which the exhaled air, cleaned via a C0 2 absorption cartridge, is returned to the breathing circuit.
  • the known diving rescuer there is a constant inflow of the breathing gas mixture depending on the diving depth up to about 40 m. At greater diving depths, the inflow drops noticeably due to the further increase in the back pressure and comes to a complete stop at a depth of about 80 m.
  • the setting of the back pressure on the pressure reducer must be increased so that the back pressure can be overcome in the greater depths of use. Then, however, the device wearer would receive a breathing gas mixture with a physiologically unfavorable high oxygen partial pressure even at great diving depths.
  • a known diving device has at least two pressurized gas containers with oxygen inert gas filling of different mixing ratios, which are connected to a breathing circuit and in which, depending on the depth of diving, the supply of the breathing gas mixture is produced or interrupted by pressure-sensitive control means.
  • a breathing gas mixture with a higher oxygen content for shallow diving depths can be switched to a breathing gas mixture with a lower oxygen content for greater diving depths, and vice versa.
  • two pressure reducers and switches controlled by water pressure are required, which are arranged between the individual gas lines from the pressure gas containers and the subsequent gas manifold. This results in a complex cable routing, additional device weight to be carried and an increased susceptibility to malfunction of the entire device, as can occur due to the existing metering / mixing system.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of extending a diving rescuer of the type mentioned to an area of use to greater diving depths, for example up to 150 to 200 m.
  • the necessary supply of the device wearer with changing, physiologically adapted breathing gas mixtures during the ascent should be able to be carried out with simple means in order to keep the space requirement and the weight of the device as well as its susceptibility to malfunction and the maintenance effort as low as possible.
  • the advantage of the invention lies essentially in the fact that the equipment carrier emerging from great diving depths is provided with a gas mixture for large diving depths with a lower oxygen content (depth mixture) and a gas mixture for lower diving depths with a higher oxygen content (height mixture) which the breathing bag is constantly flushed during the ascent.
  • the pressure reducer and the fixed throttles are matched to one another in such a way that, at large immersion depths, the mixture of depths flows predominantly from the corresponding compressed gas container into the breathing bag.
  • an approximately constant-volume breathing gas flow is set from the compressed gas container with the height mixture via the pressure reducer and the subsequent fixed throttle as a basic dosage, with which a sufficient purging of the breathing bag is achieved at depths between approximately 30 to 40 m and the surface.
  • the equipment carrier When ascending from great diving depths, the equipment carrier is therefore initially supplied with the mixture of depths, with the corresponding pressure gas container emptying into the breathing bag with increasing ascent distance and decreasing ambient pressure. As the tank pressure drops, the gas supply is reduced during the ascent in accordance with the decreasing demand until the height mix then takes over the supply of the equipment carrier with breathing gas.
  • the device wearer is supplied with the breathing gas mixture that is physiologically favorable for him during the ascent from great diving depths, without the need to switch between the different breathing gas mixtures, which he has to perform or automatically.
  • the buoyancy body serves as an intermediate store for the height mixture from the corresponding pressurized gas container, which is emptied into the buoyancy body from great depths at the start of the ascent.
  • the deep mixture flowing into the breathing bag takes over the initial supply of the device wearer with breathing gas.
  • the height mixture stored in the buoyancy body expands, passes through the blow-off valve during the ascent and thus contributes to flushing the breathing bag.
  • the rinse with a high level predominates mix the proportion of the deep mixture flowing into the breathing bag, so that the equipment wearer can breathe in the physiological breathing gas mixture that is favorable to him during the entire ascent.
  • This further embodiment of the invention has the advantage over the one already illustrated that the buoyancy body is filled by the height mixture and thus a separate filling device for the buoyancy body can be dispensed with.
  • the throttle is preceded by a switching element that is dependent on the immersion depth.
  • the response pressure of the switching element is selected so that the metering of the depth mixture is interrupted as soon as the supply of the height mixture into the breathing bag is sufficient for the supply of breathing gas. At the same time it is avoided that the mixture of depths is breathed near the surface.
  • the breathing bag is designed as a hood. This surrounds the head area of the equipment carrier and is connected to the buoyancy body.
  • the diving rescuer shown in Figure 1 has a buoyancy body (2) which rests around the shoulder-neck area of the device wearer and which is connected to a hood (1) as a breathing bag which extends over the head of the device wearer.
  • a pressure vessel (12) is connected to the buoyancy body (2) via a line connection (23) and a filling gas line (20).
  • the interior of the hood (1) is connected via a further line connection (23), each with a height mixture line (21) and a depth mixture line (22) to the corresponding compressed gas container (3) with the height mixture and the pressure gas container (4) with the depth mixture.
  • the containers (3, 4, 12) have cylinder valves (13, 16) with a cylinder pressure indicator (manometer) (19).
  • the height mixture line (21) has a pressure reducer (5), which is followed by a fixed throttle (6). In the deep mix line (22) there is a fixed throttle (7) which is bridged with an additional valve (17) in the bypass line (24).
  • the diving rescuer In use, the diving rescuer is placed with its buoyancy body (2) over the shoulder-neck area of the equipment carrier, the hood (1) is pulled over its head and closed with the waterproof zipper (10). Before surfacing, the buoyancy body (2) is pumped up by the pressure medium in the pressure container (12), excess gas being able to escape from the pressure relief valve (14). Since the pressure medium is not inhaled, it can also be C0 2 stored in liquid form, for example.
  • the valves (16) are opened, the deep pressure mixture being initially introduced into the hood to an increased extent as a result of the higher pressure in the compressed gas container (4).
  • the auxiliary valve (17) can be opened to quickly fill the interior of the hood.
  • a basic dosage of height mixture flows through the height mixture line (21), which is determined by the setting of the pressure reducer (5) and the subsequent fixed throttle (6).
  • the filling pressure in the pressurized gas containers (3, 4), the proportion of oxygen in the high and low mix as well as the dosage of the two gas mixtures are coordinated so that when rising from great depths, the partial pressure of oxygen in the interior of the hood (1) corresponds to the physiologically permissible values .
  • the proportion of depth mix in the hood (1) decreases and the proportion of height mix increases.
  • the breathing gas mixture supplied in excess can be released to the environment via a pressure relief valve (8).
  • the excess pressure is set so that the height of the gas bubble in the hood (1), measured in the water, is about 30 cm in the direction of ascent.
  • the pressure relief valve (8) can be omitted if a blow-off opening is provided at the bottom of the hood (1) through which the breathing gas can flow freely.
  • the equipment carrier can open a ventilation opening (11) on the water surface to allow breathing from the ambient air.
  • a viewing window (9) allows a view through the closed hood (1).
  • FIG 2 a diving rescuer is shown, the hood (1) via the line connection (23) and the deep mixture line (22) is connected to the compressed gas container (4) with the deep mixture.
  • the vertical mixture line (21) opens into the buoyancy body (2) via the line connection (23).
  • the equipment carrier opens the valve (16) with the diving rescuer and fills the buoyancy body (2) with the contents of the compressed gas tank (3).
  • the cylinder valve (16) on the pressurized gas container (4) is opened so that the mixture of depths flows into the hood (1) in sufficient quantity.
  • the height mixture contained in the buoyancy body (2) expands.
  • the height mixture escapes from the buoyancy body (2) and penetrates into the hood (1). Mixing the deep mix with the high mix increases the oxygen content of the gas mixture in the hood (1). As the ascent height continues to rise, the proportion of the height mixture predominates as a result of the increasing expansion of the gas volume in the buoyancy body (2), until finally only height mixture is available in the hood (1).
  • a switch (18) provided with a pressure-sensitive sensor (25) shuts off the deep mix line (22) as soon as it reaches a depth is sufficient, in which enough height mix is provided by the expansion and further breathing with depth mix is undesirable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs, avec un flotteur gonflable et un sac respiratoire dans lequel est amené de manière dosée un mélange de gaz respiratoire provenant d'une réserve de gaz comprimé, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier récipient de gaz comprimé (4), contenant un mélange de gaz pour de grandes profondeurs de plongée, est relié au sac respiratoire (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen d'étranglement fixe (7), et un deuxième récipient de gaz comprimé (3), contenant un mélange de gaz pour de faibles profondeurs de plongée, est relié au sac respiratoire (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur de pression (5) et d'un deuxième moyen d'étranglement fixe (6) monté en aval du réducteur, les deux récipients étant reliés au sac respiratoire dès le début du processus de remontée à partir de profondeurs de plongée importantes, et les pressions de remplissage, les compositions des gaz et les moyens d'étranglement étant adaptés les uns aux autres de telle sorte que la pression partielle d'oxygène corresponde à chaque fois aux valeurs physiologiquement autorisées.
2. Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs, avec un flotteur gonflable et un sac respiratoire dans lequel est amené de manière dosée un mélange de gaz respiratoire provenant d'une réserve de gaz comprimé, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier récipient de gaz comprimé (4), contenant un mélange de gaz pour de grandes profondeurs de plongée, est relié au sac respiratoire (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen d'étranglement fixe (7), et un deuxième récipient de gaz comprimé (3), contenant un mélange de gaz pour de faibles profondeurs de plongée, est relié au sac respiratoire (1) par l'intermédiaire du flotteur (2) et d'une soupape d'évacuation (15) montée en aval du flotteur, les deux récipients étant reliés au sac respiratoire dès le début du processus de remontée à partir de profondeurs de plongée importantes, et les pressions de remplissage, les compositions des gaz et les moyens d'étranglement étant adaptés les uns aux autres de telle sorte que la pression partielle d'oxygène corresponde à chaque fois aux valeurs physiologiquement autorisées.
3. Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une valve supplémentaire (17) est montée en parallèle avec le moyen d'étranglement (7).
4. Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de commutation en fonction de la profondeur de plongée (18) est monté en amont du moyen d'étranglement (7).
5. Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le sac respiratoire est réalisé sous la forme d'une cagoule (1).
EP86115024A 1985-11-02 1986-10-29 Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs Expired EP0223127B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853538960 DE3538960A1 (de) 1985-11-02 1985-11-02 Tauchretter
DE3538960 1985-11-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0223127A2 EP0223127A2 (fr) 1987-05-27
EP0223127A3 EP0223127A3 (en) 1988-01-20
EP0223127B1 true EP0223127B1 (fr) 1989-10-18

Family

ID=6285049

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86115024A Expired EP0223127B1 (fr) 1985-11-02 1986-10-29 Dispositif de sauvetage pour plongeurs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4951660A (fr)
EP (1) EP0223127B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU593298B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3538960A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI863508A (fr)
NO (1) NO162412C (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5361591A (en) * 1992-04-15 1994-11-08 Oceaneering International, Inc. Portable life support system
US5265280A (en) * 1992-04-29 1993-11-30 Michael Walsh Facial screen with connecting elastic
US5438837B1 (en) * 1992-10-06 1999-07-27 Oceaneering Int Inc Apparatus for storing and delivering liquid cryogen and apparatus and process for filling same
US5906100A (en) * 1992-10-06 1999-05-25 Oceaneering International Inc. Dewar for storing and delivering liquid cryogen
US5794616A (en) * 1993-11-17 1998-08-18 Cochran Consulting, Inc. Use of multiple gas blends with a dive computer
US5411018A (en) * 1994-05-26 1995-05-02 Rinehart; Laney T. Underwater oxygen supply system
FR2723909A1 (fr) * 1994-08-26 1996-03-01 Comex Compagnie Maritime D Exp Procede et installation de plongee sous-marine en melange respiratoire a l'hydrogene
GB9505504D0 (en) * 1995-03-18 1995-05-03 Btr Plc Sprayhood
US6070577A (en) * 1997-05-29 2000-06-06 Troup; Jan M. Reserve air for underwater diving
CN2863636Y (zh) * 2006-01-10 2007-01-31 商明臣 保温救生套
US7798878B1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2010-09-21 Bobby Lee Personal windscreen apparatus
CN102506211A (zh) * 2011-11-18 2012-06-20 中国人民解放军海军医学研究所 快速加压理想的截止阀控制方法
GB2529227B (en) * 2014-08-14 2020-07-15 Survitec Group Ltd Lifejacket with inflatable hood
RU205256U1 (ru) * 2021-03-23 2021-07-06 Игорь Анатольевич Ткаченя Самоспасатель дайвера

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1984119A (en) * 1931-10-15 1934-12-11 Davis Robert Henry Breathing appliance
DE1035510B (de) * 1955-02-10 1958-07-31 Gasaccumulator Svenska Ab Anordnung bei Atmungsgeraeten
DE1097848B (de) * 1957-02-20 1961-01-19 Draegerwerk Ag Tauchgeraet mit geschlossenem Atemkreislauf mit Zufuhr von Sauerstoff und Inertgas in festem Mischungsverhaeltnis
US3107373A (en) * 1963-01-25 1963-10-22 Jr John J Mellon Inlet control for escape appliance
US3524444A (en) * 1966-03-11 1970-08-18 Air Reduction Underwater gas supply system and method of operation
US3845768A (en) * 1970-09-21 1974-11-05 R Garrahan Form fit vertical flow diving head gear
ZA753762B (en) * 1975-06-11 1977-01-26 Buysse R Breathing apparatus
GB2015348B (en) * 1978-02-27 1982-07-21 Submarine Prod Ltd Underwater breathing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0223127A2 (fr) 1987-05-27
DE3538960A1 (de) 1987-05-14
AU593298B2 (en) 1990-02-08
AU6458986A (en) 1987-05-07
EP0223127A3 (en) 1988-01-20
NO863314L (no) 1987-05-04
DE3666402D1 (en) 1989-11-23
NO162412C (no) 1989-12-27
NO162412B (no) 1989-09-18
NO863314D0 (no) 1986-08-18
FI863508A0 (fi) 1986-08-29
US4951660A (en) 1990-08-28
FI863508A (fi) 1987-05-03

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