EP0216825B1 - Extensible construction - Google Patents

Extensible construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0216825B1
EP0216825B1 EP86901762A EP86901762A EP0216825B1 EP 0216825 B1 EP0216825 B1 EP 0216825B1 EP 86901762 A EP86901762 A EP 86901762A EP 86901762 A EP86901762 A EP 86901762A EP 0216825 B1 EP0216825 B1 EP 0216825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frames
construction
construction according
panel
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86901762A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0216825A1 (en
Inventor
Eric Anne-Henri Marie Ghislain De Potter D'indoye
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from BE0/214798A external-priority patent/BE902125A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86901762T priority Critical patent/ATE47739T1/en
Publication of EP0216825A1 publication Critical patent/EP0216825A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0216825B1 publication Critical patent/EP0216825B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E04B1/3444—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell with only lateral unfolding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a horizontally extendable construction
  • a horizontally extendable construction comprising a series of rigid prefabricated elements, capable of being at will, either brought close to one another to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from each other by position of use to then create between them rooms usable for residential and other purposes, these elements comprising connecting members linked to said elements by articulations which make it possible to put the construction in position of use by exerting on an element extreme a force which is transmitted from one element to the next through the joints, while the return of the construction to the compact state is obtained by the application to the extreme element of a force acting in the direction of approximation of said elements.
  • Document EP-A-0109108 discloses a construction of the type described in the first paragraph of this specification.
  • This known construction is constituted by an extendable awning comprising a series of gantries, the feet of which are provided with wheels which can roll on rails pre-established in the ground, so as to separate the gantries from one another to deploy the awning or so as to bring the gantries closer to fold the awning.
  • At the porticos are articulated side walls and panels acting as a ceiling.
  • the side walls and the ceiling panels of the awning described in the aforementioned document extend towards the outside of the gantries, when these are brought together, so that the height and the width of the awning are larger in the folded state than in the deployed state.
  • said awning does not include elements intended to form a floor and is also not provided with means making it possible to obtain, when the awning is deployed, a series of rooms separated from each other.
  • the present invention relates to a horizontally expandable construction which can be easily transported, preferably in a box or container by modern rigid means. especially by plane.
  • the invention also relates to an extensible construction whose height and width are the same in the deployed state as well as in the folded state, this construction having not only side walls and a ceiling but also a floor.
  • the invention also relates to an extensible construction whose deployment can be carried out quickly, without requiring special means and special skills.
  • the extensible construction of the type described in the first paragraph of this specification is essentially characterized in that said prefabricated elements have the form of vertical rectangular frames, composed of two uprights connected to each other by an upper cross member and by a lower cross member and the connecting members between these frames are constituted by panels intended to form, when the construction is in the deployed state, a floor, a ceiling and possibly side walls of the construction, these panels being housed in the volume delimited by two successive frames, when these have been brought together so that the construction is in a compact state.
  • the extensible construction according to the invention comprises a transportable box capable of containing the aforementioned frames and panels which are enclosed therein, when the construction is in the compact state.
  • the frames and the panels hinged to them preferably form a superstructure supported before, during and after their bringing together or their spacing, on an infrastructure consisting of a system of beams hinged to each other, these beams advantageously forming, when the beams are deployed, horizontal rails on which can roll rollers carried by the lower cross member of the various frames.
  • a panel called to form the floor of a room created between two frames by spacing between them is articulated by its lower edge, to the lower crosspiece of the first of these two frames, and has at the ends of its opposite edge rollers capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in vertical rails carried by the uprights of the other frame.
  • a panel called to form the ceiling of the room created between two frames by spacing between them is articulated by one of its edges to the upper crosspiece of the other frame and has, at the ends of its opposite edge, rollers capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in vertical rails carried by the uprights of the first of said frames.
  • the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one with the other. following the others in the direction of deployment of the construction, while the second system is a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure to serve as support for the upper elements of the construction.
  • the two systems in the folded state, find place in a box 1 with the conventional dimensions of a container. It has, on one of its vertical faces, an opening 2 (closed by a cover 3 which will be discussed later) and which will give access to all the parts of the construction which, at the start, are enclosed in this box.
  • the box carries, at its four corners, jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile.
  • jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile.
  • 5 what we will call the bottom of the box.
  • This bottom carries, in the vicinity of its ends, two fixed rails 6 and 7, directed perpendicular to the open face 2. These rails constitute a first part of the infrastructure 8.
  • the infrastructure 8 consists of sleepers such as 9, 10 , 11 ...
  • L infrastructure thus consists of a series of successive cells, the first being a rectangular cell of shorter length, contained in the box 1, where it is limited at the rear by the wall 18 of the box and at the front by the crosses 9.
  • the other cells, such as 19, 20 follow one another in the same plan extending in direction of construction deployment.
  • the cell 19 is shown as fully deployed and it is provided with tie rods 21 and 22 intended to stiffen it.
  • the cell 20 which comprises the crosspieces 10 and 11 also comprises articulated rails 23-24 and 25-26, as has already been observed.
  • the sleepers and the rails folded against each other form a package 27 carried by a sled 28.
  • the sled 28 has been shown entirely only outside the construction, but, to allow a better understanding of the invention, there is also shown at 27, in front of the wall 18, the bundle of rails and crosspieces as it appears immediately before deployment.
  • the construction comprising the sled 28 and the bundle of sleepers and rails 27, is housed between the rails 6 and 7.
  • the rail 14 comes, as shown in FIG. 2, in extension of the rail 6, having the same direction and the same upper level as this.
  • the fold in which the upper level of the rails is placed well above the level of the bottom 5, is nevertheless possible because of the particular mode of articulation of the rails 6 and 14, as seen in Figure 2.
  • the end of the rail 14 actually has a tab 29 articulated at 30 at the end of the cross-member 9.
  • the rail 14 is indented at its lower part and it is limited in this place by a curved part 31 operating at the like a cam on the edge of the bottom 5 of the box.
  • the level of the upper face of the rail 14 is raised, during folding, relative to the level of the upper face of the rail 6, which makes it possible to have all of the folded movable rails, and of the crosspieces, between rails 6 and 7.
  • a similar arrangement occurs at the other end of the cross-member 9.
  • a 32 has been designated stopper and by 33 and 34 of the cables connected to the cross-member 9 and, by their other end, to the wall 18 of the box, opposite its wall 3, the cables 33 and 34 limiting the amplitude of the movement of the cross-member 9 during deployment.
  • extendable devices such as 38, 39, 40, 41 ...
  • These devices in principle each include two arms 42, 43 articulated at 44 to a pad 45 and also connected to a point d 'articulation 48 on a fixed base 49 by arms 46, 47.
  • the base is crossed by two lead screws 50 and 51 whose ends are mounted in fixed supports 54, 55 and whose threads are arranged in opposite directions and on which move carriages 52, 53 connected by articulation points 56, 57 at the ends of the arms 42, 43.
  • a crank 58 allows the screws 50, 51 to be turned (by an obvious mechanism not shown) and, consequently , to bring the ends of the arms 42, 43 closer or further apart. This results in a variation in the height of the rail (for example 15) relative to the ground on which the shoe 45 rests.
  • the infrastructure is first deployed by means of a traction exerted on the cable 59 which transmits this force, by the cables 60 and 61, to the sled 28.
  • This sled loaded with the packet 27 of the sleepers and rails, then extracts the infrastructure from the box 1 and successively deploys the different cells 19, 20 ... of the infrastructure.
  • the leveling thereof is done gradually using supports 38, 39, 40, 41 and others, and there is then a flat and firm seat for the superstructure to be described below.
  • the construction is folded back by bringing the sled 28 closer to the box 1, by pulling on cables 62, 63 attached to the sled 28.
  • the superstructure which constitutes the essential part of the construction according to the invention consists, in main order, of successive panels parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction.
  • panels possibly with openings in vertical section in Figure 9 where they are indicated by 64, 65, 66 for successive elements 67, 68, 69 ...
  • Around these panels are fixed composite frames each of two crosspieces, one upper 70, the other lower 71 (for the element 68 which will be described alone, the others being identical), and two uprights of which only the rear upright 72 appears in FIG. 9 (for item 68).
  • the frames are fixed to the panels by angles such as 77, 78.
  • the lower cross members of the frames (such as 71 for element 68 ) carry at their front and rear ends rollers such as 76 (for element 68), which roll on the rails 12, 13, 23, 24 ... of the deployed infrastructure and which are carried by the fixed rails 6 , 7 of box 1 when the construction is folded.
  • the uprights of the frames also carry rails such as 79 (on element 68) and 80 (on element 69), the use of which will be explained below.
  • the successive elements such as 67, 68, 69 carry hooks (articulated at the ends of the crosspieces) such as 81, 82, 83, 84 hanging on pegs (not shown) from neighboring elements, and which hold them tight against each other in the folded position of the construction, and that rods (such as 85, 86 ...) connect to the articulation members of the construction, so that during deployment, these hooks are raised one after the other and release the successive elements 67, 68, 69 by allowing them to move away from each other.
  • the elements of the superstructure further comprise articulation members connecting them to each other.
  • articulation members connecting them to each other.
  • the parts hinged together are shutters which can be either for each room, its only floor, or its floor and its ceiling (case of Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 in a second embodiment), or side walls of the premises (as in FIG. 20).
  • the floor of a room limited by elements 68, 69 is indicated by 87 and the ceiling is indicated by 88.
  • the floor 87 is articulated by its lower edge (at 89) to the lower cross member 90 of element 69 of the construction (see figure 9). It has at the ends of its opposite edge, at 91, 92, rollers of which only one, 91, is visible in FIG. 9. This roller rolls in the rail 79 of the upright (rear, here) of the element 68 At each of its lateral edges, the floor panel 87 has a lateral arm such as 93 (FIGS.
  • the panel 88 called to form the ceiling of the room limited by the elements 68 and 69 is articulated by one of its edges, at 94, to the upper crosspiece 70 of the frame of the element 68 and it carries, at the ends of the opposite horizontal edge panel 88, rollers such as 95 (only one of these rollers being visible), rolling freely in the rail 80 of the element 69.
  • a lateral arm 97 plays the same role as the arm 93 of the floor.
  • the edges of the floor panels 87 and ceiling 88, carrying the respective rollers 91, 95 are connected together, at the front and at the rear of the construction, each time by a compensating cable such as 98.
  • This cable can be mounted in two ways (figure 13 and figure 14).
  • the cable 98 passes over two return pulleys 99 and 100 rotating around axes mounted in the upper crosspieces of the frames of the elements 68, 69 limiting the room being deployed.
  • the cable 98 is returned to the pulley 91 of the floor 87 and fixed by its end (at 101) to the upper cross member of the corresponding frame.
  • the cable passes over a pulley 102 mounted on the edge of the panel 88 at the point of articulation of the lateral lever 97.
  • the arrangement of the compensating cables is protected by removable roofs such as 96 (FIGS. 10 and 11).
  • FIG. 6 As regards the side walls of the construction, generally provided with windows and doors, it can be seen in FIG. 6 that these are panels 109 which can rotate around a vertical hinge 110 (not visible) carried by one of the frames limiting the room.
  • Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show, in views similar to those of Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, another embodiment of the invention, for making larger premises.
  • the floor of the room then consists of two panels 117, 118 hinged to each other along their upper edges (at 119) and articulated by their other edges 120, 121 (see FIG. 16) to the lower crosspieces of the two frames ⁇ (here 122, 123) which limit the room considered.
  • the ceiling is, in such an arrangement, made up of two panels 124, 125 articulated to each other by their edges at the apex 126 marked by an apex, the opposite edges of said panels carrying rollers 127, 128 capable of rolling freely in rails 129, 130 (FIG. 18) carried by the uprights 131, 132 of two opposite frames 123, 122.
  • the compensation cable 133 connecting floor and ceiling passes over pulleys 134, 135, 136, 137 mounted on axes parallel to the edges of the corresponding panels.
  • a second cable 138 connected to the outer edges of the panels 124, 125 forming the ceiling serves as a tensioner maintaining the angle a between these panels to a predetermined maximum value.
  • the midpoints of the edges of the ceiling panels are connected to articulation, each by at least one telescopic arm 139, 140, to the upper crosspieces of the frames 122, 123 limiting the room.
  • Figures 19 and 20 schematically show two forms of construction as a variant of the previous ones.
  • FIG. 19 the system of floor and ceiling panels is reversed with respect to that of FIGS. 15, 16, 17, 18, that is to say that the vertices of the angles formed by the respective panels point here in opposite directions to each other.
  • the side walls 141, 142 of the construction serve as connecting members articulated to opposite elements or frames 143, 144.
  • the extensible construction according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a large volume of habitable premises, from at least one box or container. Since the construction according to the invention can be contained in a box, it can be easily transported by rapid means of transport to the desired location without the need for qualified personnel or complicated machines for installation. Rails, earthworks and the deployment of the construction, this deployment being able to be carried out very quickly by simple traction exerted on extreme frames or by displacement of the box relative to these frames.
  • the construction according to the invention can be used temporarily at the desired location and, after its use, it can be transported to another location, without requiring the abandonment on the spot of certain elements that compose it, such as rails, floor or foundation.
  • Elements such as floor 87, 117, 118, ceiling 88, 124, 125, panels 64, 65, 66 and side walls 109 which are housed in frames 67, 68, 69, 122, 123 when construction is folded, can carry folding equipment, such as beds, tables, cupboards, benches, etc., the depth of these frames varying according to the size of said elements and equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Extensible construction comprising prefabricated elements (68, 69) susceptible of being either brought closer to each other to make the construction more compact, for example for its transportation, or spaced apart from each other in a utilization position to form between them premises which are usable for dwelling purposes and the like. The extensible construction comprises a box (1) capable of containing the prefabricated elements (68, 69) of the construction when they are brought close to each other. The prefabricated elements (68, 69) are interconnected by connection members (87, 88) fixed to said elements (68, 69) by means of hinges. To set up the construction in a utilization position, the prefabricated elements are unfolded like an accordion, by exerting on an extreme prefabricated element a force which is passed onto the following element through the hinges interconnecting them, so that the unfolding of the construction is carried out step by step, each local being unfolded after the unfolding of the preceeding local.

Description

La présente invention concerne une construction horizontalement extensible comprenant une série d'éléments préfabriqués rigides, susceptibles d'être à volonté, soit rapprochés les uns des autres pour rendre la construction plus compacte, par exemple pour son transport, soit écartés les uns des autres en position d'utilisation pour créer alors entre eux des locaux utilisables à des fins d'habitation et autres, ces éléments comportant des organes de liaison liés auxdits éléments par des articulations qui permettent de mettre la construction en position d'utilisation en exerçant sur un élément extrême une force qui se répercute d'un élément au suivant par l'intermédiaire des articulations, tandis que la remise de la construction à l'état compact s'obtient par l'application à l'élément extrême d'une force agissant dans le sens de rapprochement desdits éléments.The present invention relates to a horizontally extendable construction comprising a series of rigid prefabricated elements, capable of being at will, either brought close to one another to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from each other by position of use to then create between them rooms usable for residential and other purposes, these elements comprising connecting members linked to said elements by articulations which make it possible to put the construction in position of use by exerting on an element extreme a force which is transmitted from one element to the next through the joints, while the return of the construction to the compact state is obtained by the application to the extreme element of a force acting in the direction of approximation of said elements.

Des constructions extensibles, destinées à être transportées sous un volume réduit et à être déployées pour leur utilisation en leur lieu de destination, sont connues sous plusieurs formes depuis longtemps. Elles ont cependant acquis actuellement une importance croissante, notamment du fait des cataclysmes naturels survenus de plus en plus fréquemment ces dernières années, et qui exigent un transport commode et une installation rapide d'hôpitaux et autres locaux médicaux de fortune, de magasins, d'ateliers, etc.Extensible constructions, intended to be transported in a reduced volume and to be deployed for their use at their place of destination, have been known in several forms for a long time. However, they have now acquired an increasing importance, in particular because of the natural cataclysms which have occurred more and more frequently in recent years, and which require convenient transportation and rapid installation of hospitals and other makeshift medical premises, shops, workshops, etc.

On connaît par le document EP-A-0109108 une construction du type décrit dans le premier paragraphe du' présent mémoire. Cette construction connue est constituée par un auvent extensible comportant une série de portiques dont les pieds sont munis de roues pouvant rouler sur des rails pré-établis dans le sol, de manière à écarter les portiques les uns des autres pour déployer l'auvent ou de manière à rapprocher les portiques pour replier l'auvent. Aux portiques sont articulés des parois latérales et des panneaux faisant office de plafond.Document EP-A-0109108 discloses a construction of the type described in the first paragraph of this specification. This known construction is constituted by an extendable awning comprising a series of gantries, the feet of which are provided with wheels which can roll on rails pre-established in the ground, so as to separate the gantries from one another to deploy the awning or so as to bring the gantries closer to fold the awning. At the porticos are articulated side walls and panels acting as a ceiling.

Les parois latérales et les panneaux de plafond de l'auvent décrits dans le document précité s'étendent vers l'extérieur des portiques, lorsque ceux-ci sont rapprochés l'un de l'autre, de sorte que la hauteur et la largeur de l'auvent sont plus grandes à l'état replié qu'à l'état déployé.The side walls and the ceiling panels of the awning described in the aforementioned document extend towards the outside of the gantries, when these are brought together, so that the height and the width of the awning are larger in the folded state than in the deployed state.

Par ailleurs, ledit auvent ne comporte pas d'éléments destinés à former un plancher et n'est pas non plus muni de moyens permettant d'obtenir, lorsque l'auvent est déployé, une série de locaux séparés entre eux.Furthermore, said awning does not include elements intended to form a floor and is also not provided with means making it possible to obtain, when the awning is deployed, a series of rooms separated from each other.

On connaît, par ailleurs, des constructions destinées à être transportées sur roues et se présentant notamment sous forme de roulotte pourvue de moyens nécessaires pour augmenter leur volume au moment de leur installation.There are also known constructions intended to be transported on wheels and in particular in the form of a trailer provided with means necessary to increase their volume at the time of their installation.

La présente invention a pour objet une construction horizontalement extensible pouvant être facilement transportée, de préférence dans un caisson ou conteneur par des moyens modernes raoides. notamment oar avion.The present invention relates to a horizontally expandable construction which can be easily transported, preferably in a box or container by modern rigid means. especially by plane.

L'invention a également pour objet une construction extensible dont la hauteur et la largeur sont les mêmes à l'état déployé aussi bien qu'à l'état replié, cette construction présentant non seulement des parois latérales et un plafond mais également un plancher.The invention also relates to an extensible construction whose height and width are the same in the deployed state as well as in the folded state, this construction having not only side walls and a ceiling but also a floor.

L'invention a encore pour objet une construction extensible dont le déploiement peut s'effectuer rapidement, sans nécessiter des moyens spéciaux et des compétences particulières.The invention also relates to an extensible construction whose deployment can be carried out quickly, without requiring special means and special skills.

Conformément à la présente invention, la construction extensible du type décrit dans le premier paragraphe du présent mémoire est essentiellement caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments préfabriqués ont la forme de cadres rectangulaires verticaux, composés de deux montants reliés entre eux par une traverse supérieure et par une traverse inférieure et les organes de liaison entre ces cadres sont constitués par des panneaux destinés à former, lorsque la construction est à l'état déployé, un plancher, un plafond et éventuellement des parois latérales de la construction, ces panneaux étant logés dans le volume délimité par deux cadres successifs, lorsque ceux-ci ont été rapprochés l'un de l'autre de façon que la construction soit à l'état compact.In accordance with the present invention, the extensible construction of the type described in the first paragraph of this specification is essentially characterized in that said prefabricated elements have the form of vertical rectangular frames, composed of two uprights connected to each other by an upper cross member and by a lower cross member and the connecting members between these frames are constituted by panels intended to form, when the construction is in the deployed state, a floor, a ceiling and possibly side walls of the construction, these panels being housed in the volume delimited by two successive frames, when these have been brought together so that the construction is in a compact state.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulièrement avantageuse, la construction extensible suivant l'invention comprend un caisson transportable capable de contenir les cadres et les panneaux précités qui y sont renfermés, lorsque la construction est à l'état compact.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the extensible construction according to the invention comprises a transportable box capable of containing the aforementioned frames and panels which are enclosed therein, when the construction is in the compact state.

Les cadres et les panneaux articulés à ceux-ci forment, de préférence, une superstructure prenant appui avant, pendant et après leur rapprochement ou leur écartement, sur une infrastructure constituée d'un système de poutres articulées l'une à l'autre, ces poutres formant avantageusement, lorsque les poutres sont déployées, des rails horizontaux sur lesquels peuvent rouler des galets portés par la traverse inférieure des divers cadres.The frames and the panels hinged to them preferably form a superstructure supported before, during and after their bringing together or their spacing, on an infrastructure consisting of a system of beams hinged to each other, these beams advantageously forming, when the beams are deployed, horizontal rails on which can roll rollers carried by the lower cross member of the various frames.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de la construction suivant l'invention, un panneau appelé à former le plancher d'un local créé entre deux cadres par écartement de ceux-ci, est articulé par son bord inférieur, à la traverse inférieure du premier de ces deux cadres, et présente aux extrémités de son bord opposé des galets susceptibles de rouler librement autour d'axes parallèles à ce bord, dans des rails verticaux portés par les montants de l'autre cadre.In a particular embodiment of the construction according to the invention, a panel called to form the floor of a room created between two frames by spacing between them, is articulated by its lower edge, to the lower crosspiece of the first of these two frames, and has at the ends of its opposite edge rollers capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in vertical rails carried by the uprights of the other frame.

De même, dans cette forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, un panneau appelé à former le plafond du local créé entre deux cadres par écartement de ceux-ci, est articulé par un de ses bords à la traverse supérieure de l'autre cadre et présente, aux extrémités de son bord opposé, des galets susceptibles de rouler librement autour d'axes parallèles à ce bord, dans des rails verticaux portés par les montants du premier desdits cadres.Similarly, in this advantageous embodiment of the invention, a panel called to form the ceiling of the room created between two frames by spacing between them, is articulated by one of its edges to the upper crosspiece of the other frame and has, at the ends of its opposite edge, rollers capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in vertical rails carried by the uprights of the first of said frames.

D'autres particularités et détails ressortiront de la description détaillée suivante dans laquelle il est fait référence aux dessins ci-annexés qui montrent plusieurs formes de réalisation, données à titre d'exemple d'une construction suivant l'invention :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de l'infrastructure servant de support à la construction, en cours de déploiement ;
  • la figure 2 et la figure 3 montrent des détails de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe partielle suivant les lignes IV-IV de la figure 1, de la partie inférieure du caisson dans l'état de repli de la construction ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de détail d'un dispositif de mise à niveau de l'infrastructure ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective de l'infrastructure en voie de déploiement, dans une première forme de réalisation ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en élévation correspondant à la figure 6 ;
  • la figure 8 est également une vue en élévation de la figure 6, mais considérée au cours du repli de la construction ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue de détail d'une partie de la figure 6 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une attache du câble de compensation représenté à la figure 7 ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue en bout de la figure 10, suivant la flèche f de cette figure ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue en coupe montrant la liaison entre les plafonds des éléments dans la figure 6 ;
  • les figures 13 et 14 sont des représentations schématiques des deux formes de câblage du câble compensateur représenté à la figure 7 ;
  • les figures 15, 16, 17 et 18 sont des représentations d'une deuxième forme de réalisation de l'invention et elles sont analogues aux figures 6, 7, 8 et 9 de la première forme de réalisation décrite auparavant ;
  • les figures 19 et 20 sont des croquis représentant en perspective d'autres formes de réalisation de l'invention.
Other particularities and details will emerge from the following detailed description in which reference is made to the appended drawings which show several embodiments, given by way of example of a construction according to the invention:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the infrastructure used to support the construction, during deployment;
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 show details of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a partial sectional view along the lines IV-IV of Figure 1, of the lower part of the box in the folded state of the construction;
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a device for upgrading the infrastructure;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the infrastructure being deployed, in a first embodiment;
  • Figure 7 is an elevational view corresponding to Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is also an elevational view of Figure 6, but considered during the fall of construction;
  • Figure 9 is a detail view of part of Figure 6;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a clip of the compensation cable shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 11 is an end view of Figure 10, along arrow f of this figure;
  • Figure 12 is a sectional view showing the connection between the ceilings of the elements in Figure 6;
  • Figures 13 and 14 are schematic representations of the two forms of wiring of the compensating cable shown in Figure 7;
  • Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 are representations of a second embodiment of the invention and they are similar to Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the first embodiment described above;
  • Figures 19 and 20 are sketches showing in perspective other embodiments of the invention.

Dans la forme de réalisation qui va être décrite maintenant, la construction comprend deux systèmes déployables en accordéon, le premier système constituant une superstructure formée d'éléments supérieurs qui, par leur déploiement, donneront lieu à la formation de locaux juxtaposés, alignés les uns à la suite des autres dans la direction de déploiement de la construction, tandis que le deuxième système est un système de poutres articulées constituant une infrastructure pour servir de support aux éléments supérieurs de la construction.In the embodiment which will now be described, the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one with the other. following the others in the direction of deployment of the construction, while the second system is a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure to serve as support for the upper elements of the construction.

Les deux systèmes, à l'état replié, trouvent place dans un caisson 1 aux dimensions classiques d'un conteneur. Il présente, sur l'une de ses faces verticales, une ouverture 2 (fermée par un couvercle 3 dont il sera question ultérieurement) et qui donnera accès à toutes les parties de la construction qui, au départ, sont enfermées dans ce caisson. Le caisson porte, à ses quatre coins, des vérins tels que 4, indépendamment réglables, qui permettent de lui donner une position horizontale sur un terrain de profil varié. On a désigné par 5 ce que l'on appellera le fond du caisson. Ce fond porte, au voisinage de ses extrémités, deux rails fixes 6 et 7, dirigés perpendiculairement à la face ouverte 2. Ces rails constituent une première partie de l'infrastructure 8. L'infrastructure 8 se compose de traverses telles que 9, 10, 11 ... constamment parallèles entre elles, et de rails latéraux composés chacun d'une paire de poutres 12, 13, respectivement 14, 15, articulées l'une à l'autre par une de leurs extrémités, comme visible en 16 et 17 sur la figure 1, les autres extrémités de ces poutres étant articulées aux traverses 9, 10. Les poutres 12, 13 et 14, 15 se placent, lors du déploiement de la construction, dans le prolongement des rails fixes 6 et 7. L'infrastructure se compose ainsi d'une série de cellules successives, la première étant une cellule rectangulaire de moindre longueur, contenue dans le caisson 1, où elle est limitée à l'arrière par la paroi 18 du caisson et à l'avant par la traverse 9. Les autres cellules, telles que 19, 20 se succèdent dans un même plan s'étendant dans la direction de déploiement de la construction. La cellule 19 est représentée comme complètement déployée et elle est munie de tirants 21 et 22 destinés à la raidir. La cellule 20 qui comprend les traverses 10 et 11 comprend aussi des rails 23-24 et 25-26 articulés, ainsi qu'on l'a déjà observé. Avant le déploiement de l'infrastructure, les traverses et les rails repliés l'un contre l'autre forment un paquet 27 porté par un traîneau 28. Le traîneau 28 n'a été représenté entièrement qu'à l'extérieur de la construction, mais, pour permettre une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, on a représenté encore en 27, devant la paroi 18, le paquet de rails et de traverses tel qu'il se présente immédiatement avant le déploiement.The two systems, in the folded state, find place in a box 1 with the conventional dimensions of a container. It has, on one of its vertical faces, an opening 2 (closed by a cover 3 which will be discussed later) and which will give access to all the parts of the construction which, at the start, are enclosed in this box. The box carries, at its four corners, jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile. We designated by 5 what we will call the bottom of the box. This bottom carries, in the vicinity of its ends, two fixed rails 6 and 7, directed perpendicular to the open face 2. These rails constitute a first part of the infrastructure 8. The infrastructure 8 consists of sleepers such as 9, 10 , 11 ... constantly parallel to each other, and side rails each composed of a pair of beams 12, 13, respectively 14, 15, articulated to one another by one of their ends, as visible at 16 and 17 in FIG. 1, the other ends of these beams being articulated to the crosspieces 9, 10. The beams 12, 13 and 14, 15 are placed, during the deployment of the construction, in the extension of the fixed rails 6 and 7. L infrastructure thus consists of a series of successive cells, the first being a rectangular cell of shorter length, contained in the box 1, where it is limited at the rear by the wall 18 of the box and at the front by the crosses 9. The other cells, such as 19, 20 follow one another in the same plan extending in direction of construction deployment. The cell 19 is shown as fully deployed and it is provided with tie rods 21 and 22 intended to stiffen it. The cell 20 which comprises the crosspieces 10 and 11 also comprises articulated rails 23-24 and 25-26, as has already been observed. Before the deployment of the infrastructure, the sleepers and the rails folded against each other form a package 27 carried by a sled 28. The sled 28 has been shown entirely only outside the construction, but, to allow a better understanding of the invention, there is also shown at 27, in front of the wall 18, the bundle of rails and crosspieces as it appears immediately before deployment.

A l'état replié, la construction comprenant le traîneau 28 et le paquet de traverses et de rails 27, est logée entre les rails 6 et 7. Dans le déploiement, le rail 14 vient, comme le montre la figure 2, en prolongement du rail 6, ayant même direction et même niveau supérieur que celui-ci. Le repli dans lequel le niveau supérieur des rails est placé bien au-dessus du niveau du fond 5, est néanmoins possible en raison du mode particulier d'articulation des rails 6 et 14, comme on le voit sur la figure 2. L'extrémité du rail 14 présente en fait une patte 29 articulée en 30 à l'extrémité de la traverse 9. D'autre part, le rail 14 est échancré à sa partie inférieure et il est limité en cet endroit par une partie courbe 31 fonctionnant à la façon d'une came sur le rebord du fond 5 du caisson.In the folded state, the construction comprising the sled 28 and the bundle of sleepers and rails 27, is housed between the rails 6 and 7. In the deployment, the rail 14 comes, as shown in FIG. 2, in extension of the rail 6, having the same direction and the same upper level as this. The fold in which the upper level of the rails is placed well above the level of the bottom 5, is nevertheless possible because of the particular mode of articulation of the rails 6 and 14, as seen in Figure 2. The end of the rail 14 actually has a tab 29 articulated at 30 at the end of the cross-member 9. On the other hand, the rail 14 is indented at its lower part and it is limited in this place by a curved part 31 operating at the like a cam on the edge of the bottom 5 of the box.

Grâce à cette disposition, le niveau de la face supérieure du rail 14 est relevé, lors du repli, par rapport au niveau de la face supérieure du rail 6, ce qui permet de disposer l'ensemble des rails mobiles repliés, et des traverses, entre les rails 6 et 7.Thanks to this arrangement, the level of the upper face of the rail 14 is raised, during folding, relative to the level of the upper face of the rail 6, which makes it possible to have all of the folded movable rails, and of the crosspieces, between rails 6 and 7.

Une disposition analogue se présente à l'autre extrémité de la traverse 9. On a désigné par 32 un taquet d'arrêt et par 33 et 34 des câbles reliés à la traverse 9 et, par leur autre extrémité, à la paroi 18 du caisson, opposée à sa paroi 3, les câbles 33 et 34 limitant l'amplitude du déplacement de la traverse 9 au cours du déploiement.A similar arrangement occurs at the other end of the cross-member 9. A 32 has been designated stopper and by 33 and 34 of the cables connected to the cross-member 9 and, by their other end, to the wall 18 of the box, opposite its wall 3, the cables 33 and 34 limiting the amplitude of the movement of the cross-member 9 during deployment.

L'articulation des rails mobiles tels que 15, 26 et de la traverse 10 comprise entre eux (figure 3) se fait également par l'intermédiaire de pattes telles que 35 (reliée au rail 15) et 36 (reliée au rail 26). Les pattes 35 et 36 sont articulées l'une à l'autre en 37.The articulation of the movable rails such as 15, 26 and of the crosspiece 10 between them (Figure 3) is also done by means of lugs such as 35 (connected to rail 15) and 36 (connected to rail 26). The legs 35 and 36 are articulated to each other at 37.

L'infrastructure est complétée par des dispositifs extensibles tels que 38, 39, 40, 41 ... Ces dispositifs (figure 5) comprennent en principe chacun deux bras 42, 43 articulés en 44 à un patin 45 et reliés également à un point d'articulation 48 sur une embase fixe 49 par des bras 46, 47. L'embase est traversée par deux vis mères 50 et 51 dont les extrémités sont montées dans des supports fixes 54, 55 et dont les filets sont disposés en sens contraires et sur lesquelles se déplacent des chariots 52, 53 reliés par des points d'articulation 56, 57 aux extrémités des bras 42, 43. Une manivelle 58 permet de faire tourner les vis 50, 51 (par un mécanisme évident non représenté) et, par conséquent, de rapprocher ou d'éloigner l'une de l'autre les extrémités des bras 42, 43. Il en résulte une variation de la hauteur du rail (par exemple 15) par rapport au sol sur lequel repose le patin 45.The infrastructure is completed by extendable devices such as 38, 39, 40, 41 ... These devices (Figure 5) in principle each include two arms 42, 43 articulated at 44 to a pad 45 and also connected to a point d 'articulation 48 on a fixed base 49 by arms 46, 47. The base is crossed by two lead screws 50 and 51 whose ends are mounted in fixed supports 54, 55 and whose threads are arranged in opposite directions and on which move carriages 52, 53 connected by articulation points 56, 57 at the ends of the arms 42, 43. A crank 58 allows the screws 50, 51 to be turned (by an obvious mechanism not shown) and, consequently , to bring the ends of the arms 42, 43 closer or further apart. This results in a variation in the height of the rail (for example 15) relative to the ground on which the shoe 45 rests.

Pour édifier la construction, on déploie d'abord l'infrastructure au moyen d'une traction exercée sur le câble 59 qui transmet cette force, par les câbles 60 et 61, au traîneau 28. Ce traîneau, chargé du paquet 27 des traverses et des rails, extrait alors l'infrastructure du caisson 1 et déploie successivement les différentes cellules 19, 20 ... de l'infrastructure. La mise à niveau de celle-ci se fait progressivement à l'aide des supports 38, 39, 40, 41 et autres, et on dispose alors d'une assise plane et ferme pour la superstructure à décrire ci-après.To build the construction, the infrastructure is first deployed by means of a traction exerted on the cable 59 which transmits this force, by the cables 60 and 61, to the sled 28. This sled, loaded with the packet 27 of the sleepers and rails, then extracts the infrastructure from the box 1 and successively deploys the different cells 19, 20 ... of the infrastructure. The leveling thereof is done gradually using supports 38, 39, 40, 41 and others, and there is then a flat and firm seat for the superstructure to be described below.

Le repli de la construction s'opère en rapprochant le traîneau 28 du caisson 1, par traction sur des câbles 62, 63 attachés au traîneau 28.The construction is folded back by bringing the sled 28 closer to the box 1, by pulling on cables 62, 63 attached to the sled 28.

La superstructure qui constitue la partie essentielle de la construction suivant l'invention se compose en ordre principal de panneaux successifs parallèles les uns aux autres et perpendiculaires à la direction de déploiement de la construction. On voit de tels panneaux, éventuellement munis d'ouvertures en coupe verticale à la figure 9 où ils sont indiqués par 64, 65, 66 pour des éléments successifs 67, 68, 69 ... Au pourtour de ces panneaux sont fixés des cadres composés chacun de deux traverses, l'une supérieure 70, l'autre inférieure 71 (pour l'élément 68 qui sera seul décrit, les autres étant identiques), et de deux montants dont seul le montant postérieur 72 apparaît à la figure 9 (pour l'élément 68).The superstructure which constitutes the essential part of the construction according to the invention consists, in main order, of successive panels parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction. We see such panels, possibly with openings in vertical section in Figure 9 where they are indicated by 64, 65, 66 for successive elements 67, 68, 69 ... Around these panels are fixed composite frames each of two crosspieces, one upper 70, the other lower 71 (for the element 68 which will be described alone, the others being identical), and two uprights of which only the rear upright 72 appears in FIG. 9 (for item 68).

Aux figures 6, 7, 8, on voit ces montants antérieurs tels que 73, 74, 75. Les cadres sont fixés aux panneaux par des cornières telles que 77, 78. Les traverses inférieures des cadres (telles que 71 pour l'élément 68) portent à leurs extrémités antérieure et postérieure des galets tels que 76 (pour l'élément 68), qui roulent sur les rails 12, 13, 23, 24 ... de l'infrastructure déployée et qui sont portés par les rails fixes 6, 7 du caisson 1 lorsque la construction est repliée.In Figures 6, 7, 8, we see these anterior uprights such as 73, 74, 75. The frames are fixed to the panels by angles such as 77, 78. The lower cross members of the frames (such as 71 for element 68 ) carry at their front and rear ends rollers such as 76 (for element 68), which roll on the rails 12, 13, 23, 24 ... of the deployed infrastructure and which are carried by the fixed rails 6 , 7 of box 1 when the construction is folded.

Les montants des cadres portent en outre des rails tels que 79 (sur l'élément 68) et 80 (sur l'élément 69), dont l'emploi sera exposé dans la suite. Enfin, les éléments successifs tels que 67, 68, 69 portent des crochets (articulés aux extrémités des traverses) tels que 81, 82, 83, 84 s'accrochant sur des pitons (non représentés) d'éléments voisins, et qui les maintiennent serrés les uns contre les autres dans la position de repli de la construction, et que des tringles (telles que 85, 86 ...) relient aux organes d'articulation de la construction, en sorte que lors du déploiement, ces crochets se soulèvent les uns après les autres et libèrent les éléments successifs 67, 68, 69 en leur permettant de s'écarter les uns des autres.The uprights of the frames also carry rails such as 79 (on element 68) and 80 (on element 69), the use of which will be explained below. Finally, the successive elements such as 67, 68, 69 carry hooks (articulated at the ends of the crosspieces) such as 81, 82, 83, 84 hanging on pegs (not shown) from neighboring elements, and which hold them tight against each other in the folded position of the construction, and that rods (such as 85, 86 ...) connect to the articulation members of the construction, so that during deployment, these hooks are raised one after the other and release the successive elements 67, 68, 69 by allowing them to move away from each other.

Les éléments de la superstructure comprennent en outre des organes d'articulation les reliant les uns aux autres. Lorsqu'on déploie la construction en exerçant une traction sur un élément ou cadre extrême 3, ces organes jouent les uns par rapport aux autres jusqu'à leur extension extrême. Ainsi, les différents locaux de la construction s'étendent pas à pas, le déploiement de l'un quelconque d'entre eux commençant lorsque le déploiement du précédent (plus proche du point d'application de la traction) a eu lieu.The elements of the superstructure further comprise articulation members connecting them to each other. When the construction is deployed by exerting traction on an extreme element or frame 3, these members play with respect to each other until their extreme extension. Thus, the various construction premises extend step by step, the deployment of any one of them starting when the deployment of the previous one (closer to the point of application of the traction) has taken place.

On décrira à présent une forme de réalisation de ces moyens d'articulation et de leurs accessoires. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les parties articulées entre elles sont des volets qui peuvent être, soit, pour chaque local, son plancher seul, soit son plancher et son plafond (cas des figures 6, 7, 8, 9 et des figures 15, 16, 17, 18 dans une seconde forme de réalisation), soit des parois latérales des locaux (comme sur la figure 20).We will now describe an embodiment of these articulation means and their accessories. In this embodiment, the parts hinged together are shutters which can be either for each room, its only floor, or its floor and its ceiling (case of Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 in a second embodiment), or side walls of the premises (as in FIG. 20).

Dans une forme de réalisation, le plancher d'un local limité par des éléments 68, 69 est indiqué par 87 et le plafond est indiqué par 88. Le plancher 87 est articulé par son bord inférieur (en 89) à la traverse inférieure 90 de l'élément 69 de la construction (voir figure 9). Il présente aux extrémités de son bord opposé, en 91, 92, des galets dont seul l'un, 91, est visible à la figure 9. Ce galet roule dans le rail 79 du montant (postérieur, ici) de l'élément 68. A chacun de ses bords latéraux, le panneau de plancher 87 présente un bras latéral tel que 93 (figures 7 et 8), articulé par une de ses extrémités au milieu du bord correspondant du panneau 87, et articulé par son autre extrémité en un point (caché par le montant 73 du cadre 68) à la traverse inférieure 71 du cadre portant le rail 79 dans lequel se déplace le galet 91 dudit bord correspondant (bord arrière, ici) du panneau 87.In one embodiment, the floor of a room limited by elements 68, 69 is indicated by 87 and the ceiling is indicated by 88. The floor 87 is articulated by its lower edge (at 89) to the lower cross member 90 of element 69 of the construction (see figure 9). It has at the ends of its opposite edge, at 91, 92, rollers of which only one, 91, is visible in FIG. 9. This roller rolls in the rail 79 of the upright (rear, here) of the element 68 At each of its lateral edges, the floor panel 87 has a lateral arm such as 93 (FIGS. 7 and 8), articulated by one of its ends in the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel 87, and articulated by its other end in a point (hidden by the upright 73 of the frame 68) at the lower cross member 71 of the frame carrying the rail 79 in which the roller 91 moves from said corresponding edge (rear edge, here) of the panel 87.

Le panneau 88 appelé à former le plafond du local limité par les éléments 68 et 69 est articulé par un de ses bords, en 94, à la traverse supérieure 70 du cadre de l'élément 68 et il porte, aux extrémités du bord horizontal opposé du panneau 88, des galets tels que 95 (un seul de ces galets étant visible), roulant librement dans le rail 80 de l'élément 69. Un bras latéral 97 joue le même rôle que le bras 93 du plancher.The panel 88 called to form the ceiling of the room limited by the elements 68 and 69 is articulated by one of its edges, at 94, to the upper crosspiece 70 of the frame of the element 68 and it carries, at the ends of the opposite horizontal edge panel 88, rollers such as 95 (only one of these rollers being visible), rolling freely in the rail 80 of the element 69. A lateral arm 97 plays the same role as the arm 93 of the floor.

On comprend que lorsque les éléments 68 et 69 s'écartent l'un de l'autre lors du déploiement de la construction, le plancher, tournant autour de l'articulation 89, et le plafond, tournant autour de l'articulation 94, viennent prendre leur place normale et limitent ainsi l'extension du local correspondant.It is understood that when the elements 68 and 69 deviate from each other during the deployment of the construction, the floor, rotating around the joint 89, and the ceiling, rotating around the joint 94, come take their normal place and thus limit the extension of the corresponding room.

Les bords des panneaux de plancher 87 et de plafond 88, porteurs des galets de roulement respectifs 91, 95 sont reliés entre eux, à l'avant et à l'arrière de la construction, chaque fois par un câble compensateur tel que 98. Ce câble peut être monté de deux façons (figure 13 et figure 14). A la figure 13, le câble 98 passe sur deux poulies de renvoi 99 et 100 tournant autour d'axes montés dans les traverses supérieures des cadres des éléments 68, 69 limitant le local en cours de déploiement. Dans le cas de la figure 13, le câble 98 est renvoyé sur la poulie 91 du plancher 87 et fixé par son extrémité (en 101) à la traverse supérieure du cadre correspondant. Dans le cas de la figure 14, le câble passe sur une poulie 102 montée sur le bord du panneau 88 au point d'articulation du levier latéral 97. La disposition des câbles compensateurs est protégée par des toits amovibles tels que 96 (figures 10 et 11).The edges of the floor panels 87 and ceiling 88, carrying the respective rollers 91, 95 are connected together, at the front and at the rear of the construction, each time by a compensating cable such as 98. This cable can be mounted in two ways (figure 13 and figure 14). In FIG. 13, the cable 98 passes over two return pulleys 99 and 100 rotating around axes mounted in the upper crosspieces of the frames of the elements 68, 69 limiting the room being deployed. In the case of Figure 13, the cable 98 is returned to the pulley 91 of the floor 87 and fixed by its end (at 101) to the upper cross member of the corresponding frame. In the case of FIG. 14, the cable passes over a pulley 102 mounted on the edge of the panel 88 at the point of articulation of the lateral lever 97. The arrangement of the compensating cables is protected by removable roofs such as 96 (FIGS. 10 and 11).

Lorsque le panneau de plancher 87 est plus lourd que le panneau de plafond 88, c'est le premier qui, par l'action du câble 98, contribue à soulever le second, lorsque commence le déploiement de la construction.When the floor panel 87 is heavier than the ceiling panel 88, it is the first which, by the action of the cable 98, contributes to lifting the second, when the deployment of the construction begins.

Lors du repli de la construction, en exerçant une force de rappel suivant la flèche f1 de la figure 8, qui s'obtient par le treuil 103 rappelant le câble 104, il est avantageux de faciliter la remontée du plancher (ici 105) en permettant à un galet 106 tournant librement près de l'extrémité de celui-ci, de gravir une poutrelle formant rampe, 107, qui repose sur le sol en 108, et, par son autre extrémité, s'appuie sur le caisson 1 et qu'on retire après cette opération.When the construction is folded back, by exerting a restoring force along arrow f1 in FIG. 8, which is obtained by the winch 103 reminding the cable 104, it is advantageous to facilitate the ascent of the floor (here 105) by allowing a roller 106 freely rotating near the end thereof, to climb a beam forming a ramp, 107, which rests on the ground at 108, and, by its other end, is supported on the box 1 and that we remove after this operation.

En ce qui concerne les parois latérales de la construction, munies généralement de fenêtres et de portes, on voit sur la figure 6 qu'il s'agit de panneaux 109 qui peuvent tourner autour d'une charnière verticale 110 (non visible) portée par l'un des cadres limitant le local.As regards the side walls of the construction, generally provided with windows and doors, it can be seen in FIG. 6 that these are panels 109 which can rotate around a vertical hinge 110 (not visible) carried by one of the frames limiting the room.

Enfin, il y a lieu de remarquer que l'étanchéité entre le plafond 88 et l'élément suivant 111 (figures 6 et 12) s'obtient par compénétration d'une échancrure 112 prévue dans le plafond 88 et d'une saillie 113 de l'élément 111, cette disposition se répétant par la coopération d'une saillie 114 de l'élément 88 et d'une échancrure 115 de l'élément 111. Il est possible en outre de couler un joint 116 entre les éléments coopérants qui peuvent, au surplus, être réunis par un verrou. Une disposition analogue peut être prévue au niveau des planchers.Finally, it should be noted that the seal between the ceiling 88 and the next element 111 (Figures 6 and 12) is obtained by the penetration of a notch 112 provided in the ceiling 88 and a projection 113 of element 111, this arrangement being repeated by the cooperation of a projection 114 of element 88 and a notch 115 of element 111. It is also possible to pour a seal 116 between the cooperating elements which can , moreover, be joined by a lock. A similar arrangement can be provided at the floor level.

Les figures 15, 16, 17 et 18 montrent, dans des vues analogues à celles des figures 6, 7, 8 et 9, une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, permettant de réaliser des locaux plus grands. Le plancher du local se compose alors de deux panneaux 117, 118 articulés l'un à l'autre le long de leurs bords supérieurs (en 119) et articulés par leurs autres bords 120, 121 (voir figure 16) aux traverses inférieures des deux cadres ·(ici 122, 123) qui limitent le local considéré.Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show, in views similar to those of Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, another embodiment of the invention, for making larger premises. The floor of the room then consists of two panels 117, 118 hinged to each other along their upper edges (at 119) and articulated by their other edges 120, 121 (see FIG. 16) to the lower crosspieces of the two frames · (here 122, 123) which limit the room considered.

Le plafond est, dans une telle disposition, constitué de deux panneaux 124, 125 articulés l'un à l'autre par leurs bords au sommet 126 marqué par une pièce faîtière, les bords opposés desdits panneaux portant des galets 127, 128 susceptibles de rouler librement dans des rails 129, 130 (figure 18) portés par les montants 131, 132 de deux cadres opposés 123, 122.The ceiling is, in such an arrangement, made up of two panels 124, 125 articulated to each other by their edges at the apex 126 marked by an apex, the opposite edges of said panels carrying rollers 127, 128 capable of rolling freely in rails 129, 130 (FIG. 18) carried by the uprights 131, 132 of two opposite frames 123, 122.

Dans cette construction, le câble de compensation 133 reliant plancher et plafond passe sur des poulies 134, 135, 136, 137 montées sur des axes parallèles aux bords des panneaux correspondants. Un second câble 138 relié aux bords extérieurs des panneaux 124, 125 formant le plafond sert de tendeur maintenant l'angle a entre ces panneaux à une valeur maximale prédéterminée.In this construction, the compensation cable 133 connecting floor and ceiling passes over pulleys 134, 135, 136, 137 mounted on axes parallel to the edges of the corresponding panels. A second cable 138 connected to the outer edges of the panels 124, 125 forming the ceiling serves as a tensioner maintaining the angle a between these panels to a predetermined maximum value.

Les milieux des bords des panneaux de plafond sont reliés à articulation, chacun par au moins un bras télescopique 139, 140, aux traverses supérieures des cadres 122, 123 limitant le local.The midpoints of the edges of the ceiling panels are connected to articulation, each by at least one telescopic arm 139, 140, to the upper crosspieces of the frames 122, 123 limiting the room.

Les figures 19 et 20 montrent schématiquement deux formes de construction en variante des précédentes.Figures 19 and 20 schematically show two forms of construction as a variant of the previous ones.

A la figure 19, le système de panneaux de plancher et de plafond est inversé par rapport à celui des figures 15, 16, 17, 18, c'est-à-dire que les sommets des angles formés par les panneaux respectifs pointent ici dans des sens opposés l'un à l'autre.In FIG. 19, the system of floor and ceiling panels is reversed with respect to that of FIGS. 15, 16, 17, 18, that is to say that the vertices of the angles formed by the respective panels point here in opposite directions to each other.

A la figure 20, les parois latérales 141, 142 de la construction servent d'organes de liaison articulés à des éléments ou cadres 143, 144 opposés.In FIG. 20, the side walls 141, 142 of the construction serve as connecting members articulated to opposite elements or frames 143, 144.

Comme on l'a vu, la construction extensible suivant l'invention permet d'obtenir un grand volume de locaux habitables, à partir d'au moins un caisson ou conteneur. Du fait que la construction suivant l'invention peut être contenue dans un caisson, elle peut être facilement transportée par des moyens de transport rapides à l'endroit désiré sans qu'il soit nécessaire de disposer de personnels qualifiés ou de machines compliquées pour la pose de rails, des travaux de terrassement et le déploiement de la construction, ce déploiement pouvant s'effectuer très rapidement par simple traction exercée sur des cadres extrêmes ou par déplacement du caisson par rapport à ces cadres.As we have seen, the extensible construction according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a large volume of habitable premises, from at least one box or container. Since the construction according to the invention can be contained in a box, it can be easily transported by rapid means of transport to the desired location without the need for qualified personnel or complicated machines for installation. rails, earthworks and the deployment of the construction, this deployment being able to be carried out very quickly by simple traction exerted on extreme frames or by displacement of the box relative to these frames.

La construction suivant l'invention peut être utilisée de manière temporaire à l'endroit désiré et, après son utilisation, elle peut être transportée en un autre endroit, sans nécessiter l'abandon sur place de certains éléments qui la composent, tels que rails, plancher ou fondation.The construction according to the invention can be used temporarily at the desired location and, after its use, it can be transported to another location, without requiring the abandonment on the spot of certain elements that compose it, such as rails, floor or foundation.

Les éléments, tels que plancher 87, 117, 118, plafond 88, 124, 125, panneaux 64, 65, 66 et parois latérales 109 qui sont logés dans les cadres 67, 68, 69, 122, 123 lorsque la construction est repliée, peuvent porter des équipements rabattables, tels que lits, tables, armoires, bancs, etc., la profondeur de ces cadres variant selon l'encombrement desdits éléments et équipements.Elements, such as floor 87, 117, 118, ceiling 88, 124, 125, panels 64, 65, 66 and side walls 109 which are housed in frames 67, 68, 69, 122, 123 when construction is folded, can carry folding equipment, such as beds, tables, cupboards, benches, etc., the depth of these frames varying according to the size of said elements and equipment.

Claims (19)

1. Horizontally extensible construction comprising a series of rigid prefabricated elements capable of being selectively moved closer together to render the construction more compact, for example for transport, or moved apart into the position of use to create utilizable space units between them for purposes of habitation and other purposes, said elements comprising connecting members connected to the said elements by articulations which enable the construction to be placed into the position for use by the application of a force on an end element, this force being transmitted from one element to the next by the way of the articulations, which construction may be put back into the compact position by the application to an end element of a force acting in the sense of bringing the said elements closer together, characterized in that the said prefabricated elements have the form of vertical rectangular frames (67, 68, 69) composed of two uprights connected together by an upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam, and the connecting members between these frames consist of panels (87, 88, 109) designed to form, when the construction is extended, a floor, a ceiling and possibly side walls of the construction, these panels (87, 88, 109) being accomodated in the space bounded by the two successive frames (67, 68, 69) when these are moved together to make the construction compact.
2. Construction according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a transportable box (1) capable of containing the aforesaid frames (67, 68, 69) and panels (87, 88, 109) enclosed therein when the construction is in the compact state.
3. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforesaid frames (67, 68, 69) and panels (87, 88, 109) form a superstructure resting before, during and after they are moved together or apart on an infrastructure (8) consisting of a system of beams (12, 13) linked together.
4. Construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the system of linked beams (12, 13) forming the above-mentioned infrastructure (8) is folded up in a transportable box (1) below frames (67, 68, 69) and panels (87, 88, 109) enclosed therein when the construction is in the compact state.
5. Construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the infrastructure has been extended, its system of beams (12, 13 ; 23, 24) forms a succession of rectangular cells (19, 20...), each of which comprises two lateral elements (12, 13 ; 23, 24) constituting horizontal rails, each composed of two elements (12, 13 ; 23, 24) of equal length linked together, each by one of its ends, and each linked by its other end to crossbeam (9, 10, ...), which crossbeams are positioned perpendicularly to the direction of extension of the construction, each of these crossbeams belonging to two successive rectangular cells and the length of a crossbeam (9, 10) being slightly greater than the total length of an extended side rail (12, 13 ; 23, 24).
6. Construction according to claim 5, characterized in that the elements of the infrastructure comprise an initial part consisting of a pair of internal horizontal rails (6, 7) fixed to the base (5) of the box (1) and directed parallel to the direction of extension of the construction, these fixed rails (6, 7) constituting supports for the frames (67, 68, 69) of the construction placed close together.
7. Construction according to claim 1,. characterized in that the frames (67, 68, 69) have a vertical panel (64, 65, 66) inside them, optionally provided with openings.
8. Construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the frames (67, 68, 69) carry rollers (76) in their lower part, which rollers are designed to roll on the system of beams (12, 13) which are hinged together to form the infrastructure when the latter has been extended.
9. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that a panel (87) designed to form the floor of a space unit formed between two frames (67, 68, 69) by the separation of said frames is articulated by its lower edge (89) to the lower crossbeam (90) of the first (69) of these frames and carries rollers (91) at the ends of its opposite edge, which rollers are freely rotatable about shafts parallel to this edge in rails (79) mounted on the upright (72) of the other frame (68).
10. Construction according to claim 9, characterized in that the panel forming the floor (87) of the space unit is provided at each of its lateral edges with a side arm (93) articulated at one of its ends to the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel (87) and at its other end to the lower crossbeam (71) of the frame (68) carrying the rail (79) in which the roller (91) of said corresponding edge of the panel (87) is displaceable.
11. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that a panel designed to form the ceiling (88) of the space unit created between two frames (68, 69) when these frames are moved apart is articulated by one of its edges to the upper crossbeam (70) of the other frame (68) and carries rollers (95) at the ends of its opposite edge, which rollers are freely rotatable about shafts parallel to this edge in rails (80) mounted on the uprights of the first (69) of said frames.
12. Construction according to claim 11, characterized in that the panel forming the ceiling (88) of the space unit has a side arm (97) at each of its lateral edges, which side arm is linked by one of its ends to the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel (88) and by its other end to the upper crossbeam of the frame (67, 68, 69) carrying the rail (80) in which the roller (95) of said corresponding edge of the panel is displaceable.
13. Construction according to claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the edges of the ceiling panel (87) and of the floor panel (88) carrying the rollers (91, 95) are connected together by at least one compensating cable (98) passing over pulleys (99, 100) freely rotatable about shafts fixed in the upper crossbeams of the opposite frames (68, 69) of the space unit.
14. Construction according to claim 13, characterized in that the compensating cable (98), on the side where it is connected to an edge of the floor, passes over a pulley (91) which is freely rotatable about a shaft parallel to this edge, and in that the end of this cable, after having passed over the pulley (91) is attached (at 101) to the upper crossbeam of the frame (67, 68, 69) in relation to which this edge of the floor is displaceable (Figure 13).
15. Construction according to claim 13, characterized in that between the pulleys (99, 100) mounted on the upper crossbeam of the frames (67, 68, 69), the compensating cable (98) passes over a pulley (102) mounted to be freely rotatable about a shaft attached to the middle of the edge of the ceiling (Figure 14).
16. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the panel which is to form a floor of a space unit created between two frames when the frames are moved apart is composed of two parts (117, 118) articulated to each other along (119) their upper edges and articulated by their lower edges (120, 121) to lower crossbeam of the two frames (122, 123) bounding the said space unit.
17. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the panel designed to form a ceiling of a space unit created between two frames when they are moved apart is composed of two parts (124, 125) linked to a ridge pole (126) by two of their edges, the opposite edges of the said parts carrying rollers (127, 128) which are freely rotatable in rails (129, 130) mounted on the uprights of two opposite frames (122, 123).
18. Construction according to claim 17, characterized in that the middle of each lateral edge of the parts (124, 125) designed to form the ceiling of the space unit is articulated by at least one telescopic arm (139, 140) to the upper crossbeam of the frames (122, 123) defining the space unit.
19. Construction according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one compensating cable (133) connects said opposite edges of the parts (124, 125) which are linked together and designed to form a ceiling, this compensating cable (133) passing over pulleys (134, 135, 136, 137) which are freely rotatable about horizontal shafts mounted on the frames (122, 123) defining the space unit.
EP86901762A 1985-04-04 1986-03-25 Extensible construction Expired EP0216825B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86901762T ATE47739T1 (en) 1985-04-04 1986-03-25 EXTENSIBLE CONSTRUCTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE214798 1985-04-04
BE0/214798A BE902125A (en) 1985-04-04 1985-04-04 Prefab. modular building frame - has sections connected via linkage for erection using hydraulic rams or winch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0216825A1 EP0216825A1 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0216825B1 true EP0216825B1 (en) 1989-11-02

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EP86901762A Expired EP0216825B1 (en) 1985-04-04 1986-03-25 Extensible construction

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US (1) US4829726A (en)
EP (1) EP0216825B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2592059B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8606543A (en)
CA (1) CA1293353C (en)
DE (1) DE3666711D1 (en)
DK (1) DK159793C (en)
ES (1) ES8701885A1 (en)
PT (1) PT82336B (en)
WO (1) WO1986005829A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62502415A (en) 1987-09-17
BR8606543A (en) 1987-08-04
DK159793B (en) 1990-12-03
EP0216825A1 (en) 1987-04-08
US4829726A (en) 1989-05-16
ES553678A0 (en) 1986-12-01
WO1986005829A1 (en) 1986-10-09
JP2592059B2 (en) 1997-03-19
DK159793C (en) 1991-05-06
CA1293353C (en) 1991-12-24
PT82336B (en) 1992-07-31
PT82336A (en) 1986-05-01
DK581286A (en) 1986-12-03
DE3666711D1 (en) 1989-12-07
DK581286D0 (en) 1986-12-03
ES8701885A1 (en) 1986-12-01

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