EP0211449B1 - Presse, insbesondere zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln - Google Patents

Presse, insbesondere zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0211449B1
EP0211449B1 EP86200079A EP86200079A EP0211449B1 EP 0211449 B1 EP0211449 B1 EP 0211449B1 EP 86200079 A EP86200079 A EP 86200079A EP 86200079 A EP86200079 A EP 86200079A EP 0211449 B1 EP0211449 B1 EP 0211449B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punch
mould
tiles
face
upper plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86200079A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0211449A1 (de
Inventor
Lodovico Bardelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mass SpA
Original Assignee
Mass SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mass SpA filed Critical Mass SpA
Priority to AT86200079T priority Critical patent/ATE44905T1/de
Publication of EP0211449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0211449A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0211449B1 publication Critical patent/EP0211449B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/08—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with two or more rams per mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • B28B3/06—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould with two or more ram and mould sets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved mould of the mobile die type, for producing tiles of any shape and format and tiles with a suppdrt comprising two or more components.
  • Normal ceramics moulds are known to comprise an upper plate provided lowerly with a series of pressing punches, an intermediate plate or die with a corresponding number of through moulding cavities into which the soft. clay to be compacted is loaded, and a lower plate provided upperly with a series of pressing punches arranged to close said cavities at their base and to extract the moulded tiles from them (GB-A-2025834).
  • the upper plate is fixed to the mobile cross-member of the corresponding press, the die is supported by the press base, and the lower plate is mobile vertically to extract the tiles as stated, and rests on the press base during the pressing stages.
  • the die is locked in a fixed position on the press base, whereas in other types of mould, to which the invention particularly relates, the die is mounted on elastic supports so that during the pressing stages it can be urged downwards by the upper plate as it descends.
  • Ceramics moulds with a mobile die have the advantage over fixed-die moulds of more uniformly compacting the tiles due to the fact that they press these latter by acting on both their faces, with well known advantages.
  • ceramics moulds with a mobile die have their reverse-face and obverse-face punches, for forming the rear or reverse face and the front or obverse face of the tiles respectively, fixed to the upper plate and lower plate of the mould.
  • the reason forthis is that if they were arranged in the opposite manner an undercut would be formed which would prevent extraction of the tiles.
  • such moulds are not convenient for the production of large-format tiles, for example having dimensions of 40 x 60 cm, 60 x 60 cm or 60 x 90 cm. Neither are they suitable for producing tiles in which the reverse face comprises projections such as faceted protuberances or so-called "orange peel" surfaces, for producing tiles formed from a mixture of at least two differently coloured clays, for producing tiles in which the starting material is a mixture of atomised clay and at least one natural powdered material such as marble, or for producing press-glazed tiles such as tiles formed from a mixture of basic atomised clay and a small percentage of atomised glaze, ie from normal atomised clay on which a thin film of atomised glaze, which may be distributed uniformly or non-uniformly, is applied to the clay after it has been loaded into the die but before pressing.
  • the reverse face comprises projections such as faceted protuberances or so-called "orange peel” surfaces
  • the starting material is a mixture of atomised clay and at least one natural powdered material
  • the present patent provides and protects an improved mobile-die ceramics mould which is able to obviate the aforesaid drawbacks by means of a simple and rational design.
  • the fundamental idea on which the invention is based is to form the reverse face of the tile within the moulding cavity, and the obverse face of the tile immediately outside the moulding cavity.
  • the reverse-face and obverse-face punches are fitted to the lower and upper plates of the mould respectively, and about each individual upper or obverse-face punch there is disposed a series of peripheral fillets which extend endlessly about the respective punch to form an enclosing frame, the lower perimetral edge of which slightly extends beyond the active face of the punch.
  • each upper punch is fitted to its plate by way of convenient elastic bearings, and is received practically as an exact fit within said frame, the space enclosed by this latter being coaxial with the underlying moulding cavity, and having slightly smaller dimensions than said cavity.
  • said frame comprises a flared mouth which at the end of the pressing operation smoothly joins the working surface of the punch to the lower perimetral edge of the frame itself, the dimensions of said mouth being the same as the dimensions of the moulding cavity.
  • a mould according to the invention has the following advantages.
  • the tiles can be produced with any type of relief pattern as the obverse side is not made to slide along hard dust-covered surfaces, and the raised edge ofthe obverse-face punch is not subjected to damaging sliding as it is situated external to the path followed by the tile being ejected.
  • means are also provided according to the invention for guiding and retaining the upper or obverse-face punches, and for preventing warping of those sides of the frames which face outwards from the mould, and which could deform laterally because of the high horizontal components of the forces in play.
  • Said figures show a robust lower metal plate 1 which is disposed on a platform 2, this latter being fixed on a normal pressing bed 3 provided on a likewise normal base of a ceramics press (not shown), which can be of hydraulic or friction type.
  • a perimetral dust protection bellows 4 of known type.
  • a series of metal blocks 5 which support respective reverse face punches 6, ie for forming the rear or reverse face of the tiles 70 ( Figure 2).
  • the elements 1, 5 and 6 can be fixed together in any known manner, for example by mechanical means, magnetic means or a combination of said two systems.
  • the working surface of the punches 6 can be of metal or rubber.
  • Said punches 6 are permanently inserted, from below, into respective moulding cavities 66 pertaining to an intermediate plate 7 commonly known as the die.
  • each moulding cavity 66 is bounded by a series of elongated elements 8, known as bars, which are constructed of a high- quality, hard metal material. It should also be noted that in the illustrated case, said bars 8 are of double utilisation type, ie when their upper face is worn they can be turned over to make use of their lower face.
  • the lower plate 1 is made to slide vertically in known manner by a known device housed in the press base.
  • a series of robust cylindrical columns 3 project downwards from the die and are slidably mounted in respective guide seats in the platform 2, over said columns 9 there being mounted compression springs 10 for keeping the die 7 in its correct completely raised operating position.
  • a robust first plate 11 fixed in known manner to the mobile cross-member of said ceramics press.
  • a second plate acting as the single support element for the upper punches 13 which according to the invention are of the obverse-face type, ie for forming the front or obverse face of the tiles 70.
  • the working face of the upper punches 13 can be of metal or rubber, and the plate 11 and the second plate can be fixed together in any known manner, for example by mechanical or magnetic means, to form an upper plate 12.
  • Said punches 13 are of usual type, ie comprising a working surface constituted by a central depressed zone which is joined to the side walls of the punch 13 by a small concave arcuate portion.
  • a concentric elastic ring 14 for example of rubber construction, the top of which is housed in a suitable seat in the plate 12, and the bottom of which simply rests on the punch 13 to keep it elastically urged downwards.
  • Said at least one member comprises a through bore 16 of different cross-sections, which is provided in the plate 12 so as to form a shoulder for the washer 17 of a screw 18 which is screwed into the underlying block, the punch 13.
  • a slide bush 19 is mounted slackly on the screw 18 and is strongly clamped between the punch 13 and washer 17 which acts as an anti-withdrawal element for the screw 18, the bush being free to slide in the wider part of said screwed bore 16.
  • each upper punch 13 is enclosed, practically as an exact fit, by a perimetral frame comprising a series of consecutive metal fillets 20 fixed to the overlying upper plate 12 by a convenient number of screws 21, by way of suitable spacer bushes 22.
  • each fillet 20 is provided with small identical bevels 23 along their entire length to enable the outer fillets 20 and those situated between two adjacent cavities 66 to be used on all four sides and on two sides respectively.
  • the dimensions of the punch 13 are slightly less than those of the moulding cavity 66, and when the mould is open as shown in Figure 1 the inner edges of the bevels 23 practically coincide with the perimetral edge of the working face of the punch 13 ( Figure 1), whereas the outer edges of said bevels 23 define an aperture which is identical to the shape of the moulding cavity 66 (see Figure 2).
  • the frames 20 and punches 13 enclose and cover the upper mouths of the moulding cavities 66, and the die 7 moves downwards.
  • the effect is therefore as if the lower punches slide against the upper ones, and the clay 77 is pressed both from above and from below, with partial emergence of the said clay 77, or other mixture as stated in the introduction, from the moulding cavity.
  • the tile is partly formed in the cavity 66 and partly formed outside it as shown in Figure 2, and the particular dimensioning of the parts designed to give the tile its shape enables the characteristic perimetral rim to be obtained, which in known manner prevents damaging contact between the edges of the exposed surface of the tiles during the subsequent processing cycles to which they are subjected, for example their transfer by conveyor belt along single-layer firing kilns.
  • means can be provided according to the invention for preventing warping of those fillets 20 which face outwards from the mould, such as that fillet 20 which is situated on the extreme left in the figures, and which can occur when highpower presses are used for obtaining large formats such as 33 x 33 cm, 45 x 45 cm and larger.
  • Said means can for example comprise a series of pegs with an enlarged head which branch from the corresponding side of the upper punch and are slidingly received in vertically extending slotted apertures, these latter being provided in the fillet 20 between the bores into which the screws 21 are screwed.
  • the enlarged head of the peg is obviously positioned against the outer face of said fillet.
  • At least one anti-warping element consisting of a section bar can be used fixed to the upper plate 12, and extending downwards practically in contact with said outer face of said fillet 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Preßform für keramische Teile mit einem beweglichen Gesenk, bestehend aus einer an den Querträger einer Presse für keramische Teile montierbaren Oberplatte (1), einer auf elastischen Stützen (10) montierten und mit einer Anzahl von durchgehenden Pressenaussparungen (66) versehenen Zwischenplatte (71, einer vertikal bewegbaren Unterplatte (1) und zwei Reihen von mit den unteren (1) und oberen (12) Platten verbundenen Preßstempeln (6,13), die dazu dienen, die aufliegenden bzw. freiliegenden Seiten der Dachziegel (70) zu formen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stempel (13) zum Formen der freiliegenden Seite der Dachziegel (70) an der Oberplatte (12) der preßform über eine rückwartige elastische Abstützung (14) angebracht sind, und Abmessungen aufweisen, die etwas kleiner sind, als die der darunterliegenden Pressenaussparungen (66), wobei jeder Oberstempel (13) mit genauem Sitz von einem Umfangsrahmen (20) umgeben ist, dessen Unterseite etwas über die Arbeitsfläche des jeweiligen Oberstempels (3) hinausragt und am Ende des preßvorganges die erweiterte Austrittsöffnung (23) dieses Rahmens (20) einen Übergang von der Arbeitsfläche des Stempels (3) zum oberen Eintritt der entsprechenden Pressenaussparungen (66) bildet.
2. Preßform nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastischen Auflager jeweils einen Gummiring (14) aufweisen, der konzentrisch zu seinem Stempel (13) angeordnet und zwischen letzterem und der entsprechenden Oberplatte (12), in welcher ein entsprechend geformter Sitz (15) vorgesehen ist, festgeklemmt ist, wobei zwischen dem Stempel (13) und der Oberplatte (12) normalerweise ein geringer Spalt für den freien Rückgang des Stempels (13) vorgesehen ist.
3. Preßform nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Rückseite jedes Oberstempels (13) mindestens eine Führungs-/Stopeinrichtung (19) vorgesehen ist, die einen an diesem Stempel befestigten Bolzen (18) mit verbreitertem Kopf (17) aufweist, der verschiebbar in seiner eigenen, in dieser Oberplatte (12) vorgesehenen Aussparung (16) montiert ist, wobei in dieser Aussparung (16) ein Anschlagbund zum vergrößerten Kopf (17) vorgesehen ist.
4. Preßform nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Rahmen (20) eine Reihe von Leisten aufweist, die ohne Unterbrechung an der Oberplatte (12) befestigt sind und um den entsprechenden Stempel (12) verlaufen, wobei die zur Arbeitsfläche des Stempels (13) hin gerichtete Kante jeder Leiste (20) über ihre ganze Länge eine kleine Fase (23) aufweist, deren Innenkante praktisch mit der benachbarten Kante der Arbeitsfläche des Stempels (13) und deren Außenkante genau mit der entsprechenden Kante des Eintrittes der darunterliegenden Pressenaussparung (66) fluchtet.
5. Preßform nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Seiten der Oberstempel (13), die von der Preßform nach außen weisen, mindestens ein Element gegen Verformung für die jeweilige Leiste (20) vorgesehen ist, wobei dieses Element einen Stift mit breitem Kopf aufweist, der in der Seitenwand eines Stempels (13) befestigt ist, und dessen Schaft in eine sich vertikal erstrekkende, in der Leiste (20) vorgesehene schlitzartige Führung eingreift, und der verbreiterte Kopf dieses Stiftes auf die Außenseite der Leiste (20) zu Liegen kommt.
6. Preßform nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses mindestens einmal vorhandene Element gegen Verformung aus einem an der Oberplatte (12) befestigten Profilstab besteht und sich praktisch in Kontakt mit der Außenseite dieser Leiste (20) nach unten erstreckt.
EP86200079A 1985-04-10 1986-01-18 Presse, insbesondere zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln Expired EP0211449B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86200079T ATE44905T1 (de) 1985-04-10 1986-01-18 Presse, insbesondere zum herstellen von dachziegeln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT46826/85A IT1187779B (it) 1985-04-10 1985-04-10 Stampo ceramico con matrice mobile per la formatura di piastrelle di qualsiasi formato e di piastrelle con supproto a piu' componenti,come le piastrelle presso-smaltate
IT4682685 1985-04-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0211449A1 EP0211449A1 (de) 1987-02-25
EP0211449B1 true EP0211449B1 (de) 1989-07-26

Family

ID=11259281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86200079A Expired EP0211449B1 (de) 1985-04-10 1986-01-18 Presse, insbesondere zum Herstellen von Dachziegeln

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0211449B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE44905T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3664592D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1187779B (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1213975B (it) * 1987-07-22 1990-01-05 Int Stampi Srl Apparecchiatura di stampaggio,in particolare per la formatura dipiastrelle ceramiche
IT1237568B (it) * 1989-10-02 1993-06-08 Mass Spa Dispositivo idraulico regolatore di pressione,tipicamente per stampi ceramici con matrice mobile e contromatrice
IT1257486B (it) * 1992-03-03 1996-01-25 Lodovico Bardelli Dispositivo di regolazione per stampi ceramici
US6093012A (en) * 1995-10-05 2000-07-25 Rampf Formen Gmbh Form for manufacturing concrete form components by machine
ITUA20164032A1 (it) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-01 Origostyle S R L Stampo per la pressatura di piastrelle
ITUA20164297A1 (it) * 2016-06-10 2017-12-10 I Dea Re S R L Stampo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche e procedimento di formatura di piastrelle ceramiche mediante tale stampo
CN106671257B (zh) * 2017-03-03 2023-03-07 佛山慧谷科技股份有限公司 一种使用压机模具框组件的压料系统
IT202000021154A1 (it) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-07 Realmeccanica S R L Gruppo di compattazione per la formazione di prodotti ceramici
CN117774093B (zh) * 2024-02-26 2024-05-03 潍坊萨伯特精密转动设备有限公司 一种螺杆泵定子石膏模型取出装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1107475B (it) * 1978-07-24 1985-11-25 Merisinter Spa Complesso di pressa e porta-stampo per la compattazione nella metallurgia delle polveri
GB2031788B (en) * 1978-10-19 1982-09-08 Ptx Pentronix Apparatus and method for compacting prismatic or pyramidalarticles from powder material
FR2445204A1 (fr) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-25 Const Meca Hydrauliques Procede de fabrication de tuiles crues

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0211449A1 (de) 1987-02-25
DE3664592D1 (en) 1989-08-31
IT1187779B (it) 1987-12-23
IT8546826A0 (it) 1985-04-10
ATE44905T1 (de) 1989-08-15
IT8546826A1 (it) 1986-10-10

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