EP0210613A2 - Méthode et appareil pour gazéifier des matériaux solides carbonacés - Google Patents

Méthode et appareil pour gazéifier des matériaux solides carbonacés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0210613A2
EP0210613A2 EP86110312A EP86110312A EP0210613A2 EP 0210613 A2 EP0210613 A2 EP 0210613A2 EP 86110312 A EP86110312 A EP 86110312A EP 86110312 A EP86110312 A EP 86110312A EP 0210613 A2 EP0210613 A2 EP 0210613A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slag
chamber
solid carbonaceous
carbonaceous material
lumps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86110312A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0210613A3 (fr
Inventor
Tsutomu Tanaka
Masanobu Sueyasu
Akio C/O Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Mutsuta
Henning Weiss
Chatty Rao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG, Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Publication of EP0210613A2 publication Critical patent/EP0210613A2/fr
Publication of EP0210613A3 publication Critical patent/EP0210613A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/57—Gasification using molten salts or metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1609—Post-reduction, e.g. on a red-white-hot coke or coal bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of gasifying solid carbonaceous material and an apparatus therefor.
  • the present invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for removing slag while carrying out gasification by blowing a solid carbonaceous material such as coal, coke, pitch, and the like (hereunder represented by “coal”) together with a gasifying agent such as oxygen, steam, carbon dioxide, and the like (hereunder represented by "oxygen”) through a lance and/or tuyere onto and/or into a molten metal bath such as a molten iron bath (hereunder represented by "molten iron bath”).
  • a solid carbonaceous material such as coal, coke, pitch, and the like
  • a gasifying agent such as oxygen, steam, carbon dioxide, and the like
  • molten iron coal gasification Many processes have been proposed for carrying out coal gasification by using a molten iron bath (hereunder referred to merely as "molten iron coal gasification"). See, for example, JPP (Japanese Patent Publication) No. 10109/1960, JPP No. 1561/1971, JPA (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Specification) No. 41605/1977, JPA No. 130602/1979, JPA No. 130603/1979, JPA No. 89395/1980, JPA No. 38886/1982, JPA No. 104616/1982, JPA No. 171481/1983, and JPA No. 171482/1983.
  • JPP Japanese Patent Publication
  • JPA Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Specification
  • ash and the like contained in coal are melted at a temperature of 1500 °C in a gasification furnace.
  • the thus-­formed slag floats on the molten iron bath.
  • the slag has to be removed from the furnace when the gasification is continued for a long period of time.
  • the turbulence of the slag is quite severe since coal and oxygen are introduced into and/or onto the molten iron bath at a high velocity causing vigorous turbulence of the bath.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for carrying out continued and stable gasification using a molten iron bath in a gasification furnace while smoothly effecting deslagging.
  • the present invention resides in a method of gasifying solid carbonaceous material in a molten metal bath in which the solid carbonaceous material is blown onto and/or into the molten metal bath together with a gasifying agent in a gasification chamber and the resulting slag is removed from the molten metal bath through a slag chamber provided next to the gasification chamber, characterized in that at least part of the slag chamber is filled with lumps of a solid carbonaceous material, the resulting slag is removed via space packed with lumps of a solid carbonaceous material, a duct for recovery of the product gas is provided in an upper portion of the slag chamber, and the product gas is recovered via a space packed with the lumps of a solid carbonaceous material.
  • the present invention also resides in an apparatus for gasifying a solid carbonaceous material in a molten metal bath, which comprises a gasification chamber having lances and/or tuyeres for blowing a solid carbonaceous material and a gasifying agent onto and/or into a molten metal bath, and a slag chamber which is provided next to said gasification chamber and is at least partly packed with lumps of a solid carbonaceous material, a duct for recovering the product gas being provided in an upper portion of the slag chamber.
  • a sedimentation chamber may be provided between the gasification chamber and the slag chamber.
  • the sedimentation chamber has a shallow depth and is at least partially packed with lumps of a solid carbonaceous material.
  • At the end of the sedimentation chamber may be provided a weir over which slag can flow into the slag chamber.
  • the weir may be provided with a sloped trough over which slag flows into the slag chamber.
  • the gasification chamber and the slag chamber may be provided inside a single furnace which is divided into two chambers by a partition wall.
  • the present invention is characterized by the following:
  • the deslagging chamber of the gasification apparatus of the present invention is filled with particulate coke, i.e., lump coke.
  • the diameter of the particulate coke is large enough for the product gas as well as slag to be able to pass through the packed body thereof.
  • the coke is 20 to 50 mm in diameter.
  • the slag chamber, i.e., deslagging chamber may be part of the gasification furnace, or it may be a discrete body which is connected thereto.
  • the slag chamber may be equipped with either continuous or discontinuous slag tapping devices. It is to be noted that the structure of the slag chamber is not limited to a particular one.
  • Lump coke is introduced into the deslagging chamber through a supply port provided near to a recovery port for the product gas, since the packed body of coke may serve as a filtering means for the product gas.
  • the arrangement of the supply port is not limited to a particular one.
  • a product gas containing dust is passed through a coke-packed space to be recovered by way of a recovery port from the furnace.
  • a substantial amount of the slag/ash particles contained therein can be caught by the packed body of lump coke, and purified product gas can be collected.
  • at most 5 % of CO2 and H2O gases are contained in the product gas.
  • a sedimentation chamber is preferably arranged between the gasification chamber and the slag chamber in order to recover iron droplets from the slag.
  • the sedimentation chamber is also at least partly filled with lumps of coke.
  • the lump coke packed in the slag chamber may also cover the connecting conduit.
  • lump coke may be charged into the slag chamber through a coke supply port provided on the roof or side wall portion of the furnace to make a packed body of coke.
  • a space packed with lumps of coke is formed, through which the product gas and slag are collected and removed, respectively.
  • part of the space packed with lumps of coke extend to the gasification chamber.
  • the coke in the gasification chamber floats on the surface of the slag or sometimes in the molten iron bath especially in an area adjacent to the side wall portion of the furnace. This is because of the difference in specific gravity and movement of the coke and the molten metal.
  • the presence of the packed body of lump coke in the gasification chamber is effective to diminish the vertical vibration of the slag layer and is also effective to avoid not only mechanical erosion of the refractory lining of the furnace, but also the mixing of molten iron with the slag.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a portion of a coal gasification apparatus of the present invention.
  • the coal gasification apparatus is comprised of a cylindrical furnace body 1 lined with heat-resistant refractory bricks 2.
  • the furnace body 1 is sealed with an outer pannel sheet 3 and can resist a high inner pressure.
  • the top and bottom walls of the furnace body 1 are penetrated by multihole lance 4 and tuyere 4'. Coal, oxygen, and steam can be blown onto and into a molten iron bath 19 through the lance and tuyere.
  • a slag chamber 5 is provided next to the furnace body 1.
  • the slag chamber 5 is filled with lump coke 16.
  • the furnace body 1 and slag chamber 5 are connected with one another by a connecting conduit 6 whose lower portion is at about the same level as the slag line.
  • a supply hopper 7 for coke and a product gas recovery duct 8 are provided in the upper portion of the slag chamber 5.
  • An exhaust gas boiler 9 is installed in the product gas recovery duct 8.
  • a discharge port 10 for slag, dust, and coke is provided in a lower portion of the slag chamber 5.
  • lances 11 for charging a reactive gas such as oxygen and steam to accelerate combustion of coke and consumption thereof are provided in the lower portion of the slag chamber 5 and in the connecting conduit 6.
  • a venting hole 10' is provided in a lower portion of the slag chamber 5.
  • the slag chamber was filled with lump coke.
  • the average size of the lump coke was 35 mm in diameter.
  • the slag formation rate was about 700 kg/H.
  • the slag discharge port 10 was intermittently opened to remove slag from the gasification chamber. Part of the coke introduced into the slag chamber was pushed into the gasification chamber and was immersed in the molten slag. Vibration and turbulence of the slag surface was completely suppressed at least in an area near the connecting conduit 6. There was no outflow of molten iron through the connecting conduit 6 into the slag chamber 5. Separation of molten iron from molten slag was completely achieved, and only a very small amount of metal droplets was suspended in the overflowed slag.
  • the gasification operation was carried out at a temperature 50 °C (ca.) lower than in the conventional process, and the average temperature of the molten iron bath was a little lower than the level at which satisfactory fluidity could be obtained when the temperature fluctuated to the lower limit.
  • a few percent of the total amount of oxygen blown into the furnace was blown through a lance in the connecting conduit 6 and a small amount of steam was also injected so as to control the temperature in the connecting conduit and the temperature drop caused by the lump coke.
  • the temperature was raised and the removal of slag could be effected smoothly.
  • the temperature of coke in the slag chamber 5 was measured.
  • the presence of a high-temperature zone having a temperature of 1300 - 1650 °C was confirmed. This zone extended along much of the path along which gas flowed from the gasification chamber to the gas recovery duct 8.
  • the coal gasification was carried out at a temperature of ca. 50 °C lower than in conventional gasification, the erosion rate of the heat resistant brick was reduced by ca. 50% and the service life of the furnace was extended by ca. 50%.
  • the product gas was generated in the gasification chamber it passed through the coke-packed column and then was introduced into the waste heat boiler for heat exchange.
  • the product gas entrains a great amount of molten slag/coal ash particles which are generaged by the vigorous turbulence of the bath as well as gas in the gasification chamber, and sticks onto the inside wall surface of a waste heat boiler, decreasing heat transfer from the gas to the boiler.
  • the gas contains 3 - 10% of CO2 + H2O depending on the operating conditions.
  • most of the entrained slag/coal ash particles were removed while passing through the column of packed coke, and thus-removed slag/coal ash particles were taken out from the slag chamber together with the overflowed slag and lumps of coke.
  • the slag/ash deposition on the boiler wall was decreased, and the product gas was cooled more efficiently.
  • the temperature was decreased by ca. 100°C.
  • the pressure difference between the top of the coke-packed column and the bottom thereof was slightly increased by ca. 200 mmAq, which did not result in any practical problems.
  • the product gas contained less than 1% of CO2 + H2O.
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a coal gasification apparatus, in which in place of the connecting conduit 6 a sedimentation chamber 20 is provided between the gasification chamber 1 and the slag chamber 5.
  • a water-cooled weir 22 is provided at the end of the sedimentation chamber 20. While a mixture of slag and molten iron is being held within the sedimentation chamber 20, they are effectively separated from each other. The slag generated in the gasification chamber continuously overflows the weir 22, and the thickness of the slag layer can be maintained constant.
  • the other members in Fig. 2 are the same as in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus shown therein has a coal gasification chamber and a deslagging chamber both housed inside the gasification furnace.
  • the same members are referred to by the same reference figures in Fig. 1.
  • the furnace body 1 has substantially the same cylindrical shape as that shown in Fig. 1.
  • a multihole lance 4 and a product gas recovery duct 8 are provided in the ceiling thereof.
  • a lance 11 for blowing oxygen for the combustion of lump coke and a slag discharge port 10 are provided in the side wall thereof.
  • a coke supply hopper 7 is connected to the product gas recovery duct 8.
  • the apparatus was 3 m in diameter and 5 m tall.
  • the process conditions for coal gasification were the same as those described in connection with Fig. 1.
  • test results as to separation of molten iron from slag, control of fluidity of slag, erosion of the refractory lining, removal of dust at a high temperature, and reforming of CO2 and H2O of the product gas were substantially the same as those obtained by using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the case in which a sedimentation chamber 20 having a weir 22 connected to a sloped trough 24 is provided and the slag discharged from the gasification chamber 1 to the slag chamber 5 is tapped out intermittently through a slag tap hole 26.
  • the tap hole is closed with a mud gun, and some period of time later it will be opened for slag tapping.
  • the slag chamber 5 and sedimentation chamber 20 are filled with lumps of coke (not shown), through which the product gas as well as slag is removed from the gasification chamber 1. While they are passing through the column of packed coke, the product gas can heat up the lumps of coke to compensate the heat taken away by the molten slag discharged into the slag chamber. In addition, there is no turbulence existing in the sedimentation chamber 20 and most of the metal droplets entrained by the slag is sedimented and returned to the molten iron bath. The generated slag overflows continuously the weir and is discharged into the slag chamber over the sloped trough connected to the weir. Thus, the thickness of the slag layer can be kept constant.
  • the weir and trough may be made of a water-cooled panel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP86110312A 1985-07-27 1986-07-25 Méthode et appareil pour gazéifier des matériaux solides carbonacés Withdrawn EP0210613A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16697885 1985-07-27
JP166978/85 1985-07-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0210613A2 true EP0210613A2 (fr) 1987-02-04
EP0210613A3 EP0210613A3 (fr) 1987-06-16

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ID=15841132

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86110312A Withdrawn EP0210613A3 (fr) 1985-07-27 1986-07-25 Méthode et appareil pour gazéifier des matériaux solides carbonacés

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EP (1) EP0210613A3 (fr)
BR (1) BR8603523A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA865573B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0790291A2 (fr) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-20 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un réacteur à haute température pour le traitement de déchets
US5776455A (en) * 1994-04-25 1998-07-07 Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. Pharmaceutical formulations
CN107043639A (zh) * 2016-10-18 2017-08-15 彭振德 轴向逆流式秸秆铡料耦合净化富氢气化炉灶

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5794094A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-11 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for operating coal gasification furnace
JPS57205486A (en) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-16 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Coal gasifier

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5794094A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-11 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for operating coal gasification furnace
JPS57205486A (en) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-16 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Coal gasifier

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 177 (C-124)[1055], 11th September 1982; & JP-A-57 94 094 (SUMITOMO KINZOKU KOGYO K.K.) 11.06.1982 *
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 56 (C-155)[1201], 8th March 1983; & JP-A-57 205 486 (SUMITOMO KINZOKU KOGYO K.K.) 16.12.1982 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5776455A (en) * 1994-04-25 1998-07-07 Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. Pharmaceutical formulations
US5911985A (en) * 1994-04-25 1999-06-15 Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. Pharmaceutical formulations containing a β-lactamase inhibiting penem in combination with β-lactam antibiotic and their use in the treatment of bacterial infections
EP0790291A2 (fr) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-20 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un réacteur à haute température pour le traitement de déchets
EP0790291A3 (fr) * 1996-02-16 1997-11-05 Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un réacteur à haute température pour le traitement de déchets
CN107043639A (zh) * 2016-10-18 2017-08-15 彭振德 轴向逆流式秸秆铡料耦合净化富氢气化炉灶

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8603523A (pt) 1987-03-04
ZA865573B (en) 1987-03-25
EP0210613A3 (fr) 1987-06-16

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Inventor name: MUTSUTA, AKIOC/O SUMITOMO METAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.

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Inventor name: SUEYASU, MASANOBU

Inventor name: TANAKA, TSUTOMU

Inventor name: WEISS, HENNING