EP0208898B1 - Speed governor for fuel injection pumps - Google Patents

Speed governor for fuel injection pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0208898B1
EP0208898B1 EP86107678A EP86107678A EP0208898B1 EP 0208898 B1 EP0208898 B1 EP 0208898B1 EP 86107678 A EP86107678 A EP 86107678A EP 86107678 A EP86107678 A EP 86107678A EP 0208898 B1 EP0208898 B1 EP 0208898B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
governor
lever
spring
fuel injection
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86107678A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0208898A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Eheim
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0208898A1 publication Critical patent/EP0208898A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/02—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered
    • F02D1/04—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by mechanical means dependent on engine speed, e.g. using centrifugal governors
    • F02D1/045—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by mechanical means dependent on engine speed, e.g. using centrifugal governors characterised by arrangement of springs or weights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/02—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered
    • F02D1/08—Transmission of control impulse to pump control, e.g. with power drive or power assistance
    • F02D1/10—Transmission of control impulse to pump control, e.g. with power drive or power assistance mechanical

Definitions

  • a fuel injection pump for adjusting the delivery rate has a control rod which is coupled to a centrifugal adjuster via a two-armed lever.
  • One side of the adjusting sleeve of the centrifugal force adjuster is acted upon by a control spring, the pretension of which is adjustable by a lever serving as the first support part.
  • an additional spring acts on the control rod, the other end of which is attached to the end of a swivel arm serving as a second support part, which can be pivoted about an axis fixed to the housing with the aid of an adjusting lever.
  • This additional spring can be adjusted with regard to its direction of action with the aid of the swivel arm, in the basic setting it acts in support of the control spring and is aligned approximately axially parallel to it.
  • the force component acting in the direction of the control rod can be changed, which results in a change in the overall characteristics of the control spring and additional spring. Because of the slight deviation of the axis of rotation of the pivot lever from the attachment point of the additional spring on the control rod, there is hardly any change in the pretensioning of the additional spring when the angular position is changed. Furthermore, no measures are provided to change this pretension separately.
  • This device serves to influence the regulating steepness of the speed controller, but because of the necessity of the movement of the swivel arm, additional installation space must be provided. It is also necessary for an exact adjustment of the mentioned setting lever as well as an adjustment and fixing device to be provided there.
  • the speed controller according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the angular position of the axis of the additional control spring and at the same time the preload of this spring is adjustable by linear displacement of the support part and thus the control slope or the P-degree and also the control speed simple are adjustable at a single point in the fuel injection pump.
  • the device is also not very complex and space-saving and can be used particularly advantageously in distributor injection pumps which are distinguished by their particularly small size.
  • a fuel injection pump which is equipped with such a controller, is advantageously suitable for use in internal combustion engines with which, such as. B. in power generation, exact speeds must be observed with a precisely defined
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial section through a distributor fuel injection pump of known design with the essential parts of the speed controller according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a modification of the support part design from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a distributor fuel injection pump for a second exemplary embodiment
  • FIG Embodiment according to FIG. 1 or 3 as a third embodiment
  • FIG. 5 a second view of the embodiment according to FIG. 4.
  • a part of a distributor fuel injection pump of a known type is shown with a pump piston 1, which is set in a reciprocating and at the same time rotating movement by means not shown, and is guided in a bushing 3 inserted in the housing 2 of the fuel injection pump .
  • the housing includes a pump suction chamber 4, which is filled with fuel, which is generally kept at a speed-dependent pressure in order to carry out control functions.
  • a ring slide 6 which controls the opening of a relief line 7 leading from the pump work chamber (not shown here further) into the pump suction chamber 4.
  • the ring slide 6 is displaceable on the pump piston, the fuel injection quantity delivered per pump stroke under high pressure by the pump piston being greater in the embodiment shown, the further the ring slide is displaced towards the top dead center of the pump piston.
  • a speed controller which has a control lever 9 which can be pivoted about an axis 10 which is essentially fixed to the housing but is adjustable and is coupled via a head 11 at one end to the ring slide 6 and adjusts it.
  • This regulator lever can in principle be provided as the only regulator lever, but in the example shown a regulator lever arrangement with several levers is provided.
  • the control lever 9 is a start lever which is acted upon directly by an adjusting sleeve 13 of a centrifugal force sensor 8, which is only indicated in the drawing.
  • On the axis 10 is also a one-armed rocker arm 14 is arranged, at the extreme end of one end of a control spring assembly 15 via a coupling lung head 16 attacks.
  • the other end of the control spring arrangement is fastened to a lever arm 18 which is seated on a shaft 19 which is guided through the pump housing 2 and on the outer end of which an adjusting lever 20 is fastened.
  • the bias of the control spring arrangement is adjusted in a known manner. This counteracts the force of the adjusting sleeve 13.
  • the start lever 9 Under the influence of the speed-dependent actuating forces of the adjusting sleeve 13, the start lever 9 can be brought into contact with the rocker arm 14.
  • a leaf spring is arranged as a start spring 17, which is compressed during this process.
  • the starting spring 17 or the control spring arrangement 15 the starting lever 9 or the starting lever 9 is pivoted together with the rocker arm 14 and the ring slide 6 is shifted to positions in which a lower fuel injection quantity is used for injection reached. This process of regulating takes place the steeper the softer the spring characteristic is at a given preload.
  • an idling spring is further arranged between the head 16 lying beyond the control spring arrangement 15 of the rocker arm 14 and the rocker arm 14, which is initially compressed during the regulating process in a low-load range until the head 16 comes to rest on the rocker arm 14 and the regulating spring arrangement 15 is acted upon directly by the actuating forces of the adjusting sleeve 13.
  • the axis 10 common to the start lever and the rocker arm is mounted on an adjusting lever 23 which, against spring force, can be pivoted about a housing fixed point (not shown here) for adjustment.
  • the setting is made by a screw 24 screwed through the wall of the housing 2, which acts on the end of the adjusting lever.
  • the pump described corresponds to a typically designed distributor injection pump.
  • the rocker arm 14 has an arm 25 which leads obliquely downwards from the suspension point of the control spring arrangement 15 at the outer end of the rocker arm 14.
  • an additional control spring 26 is attached, which is hooked at its other end to a support part 27.
  • This spring is designed as a tension spring and counteracts the control spring arrangement 15.
  • the support part has the shape of a cord roller and sits at the end of a screw bolt 29 which is screwed through the wall of the housing 2 and has a form-fitting surface 30 for twisting and a lock nut 31 to secure its position at the outer end.
  • the axis of the screw bolt 29 lies in the swivel plane, which the attachment point 32 of the additional spring 26 on the arm 25 describes when the rocker arm 14 is deflected. Furthermore, its axis is aligned approximately parallel to the starting position of the rocker arm 14 or the start lever 19.
  • the speed controller shown here is an all-speed controller in which the speed is set by adjusting the bias of the control spring assembly 15, when it is exceeded, the rocker arm 14 is deflected together with the start lever 9 and the ring slide 6 is moved downward. In this position of the ring slide, a lower fuel injection quantity is injected, which in turn reduces the previously reached speed. The actuating force on the adjusting sleeve 13 is then correspondingly lower, so that the rocker arm 14 again comes into a pivoting position which corresponds to a higher fuel injection quantity. Depending on the size of the preload, this control process occurs at lower or higher speed.
  • the preload is set on the adjusting lever 20 and can optionally be fixed with these means, which are not shown in any more detail.
  • the regulating steepness or regulating speed can also be changed, that is, the steepness of the fuel injection quantity characteristic curve between full load operation and idling.
  • the additional control spring 26 is provided on the one hand and the support part 27 of this control spring is displaceable on the other hand. By moving the support part 27 in the direction of the axis of the screw bolt 29, the axis orientation of the additional control spring 26 is changed.
  • the pretension of the additional control spring is also changed, which can be advantageous in certain cases in order to achieve certain control characteristic curves.
  • this pretension can be changed again if, as shown there, the support part 27 'has an attachment point 34 which is eccentric to the axis 35 of the screw bolt 35. If the screw bolt is rotated, the suspension point 34 describes a circle, over the radius or diameter of which the end of the additional control spring 36 which is suspended there can perform a stroke, by means of which the preload of the control spring can be changed accordingly. If the thread on the screw bolt 29 is very fine, this stroke has an effect the adjustment of the angular position in relation to the control result does not take place.
  • FIG. 3 a speed controller is shown in FIG. 3, in which the additional control spring 26 'is hung directly at the end of the rocker arm 14 in an eyelet 37 located there, while the other end of the additional control spring 26' is in turn attached to a support part 27 "is attached to the end of a screw bolt 29 '.
  • the screw bolt now lies on the same side of the rocker arm 14 as the lever arm 18 to which the control spring arrangement 15 is attached. This means that the additional control spring 26' the force spring arrangement supports the control spring arrangement 15.
  • FIG. 4 Another possibility is shown in FIG. 4 for changing the angular position of the axis of the additional control spring 26 or 26 '.
  • the support member 39 has an approximately rectangular shape with an inner elongated recess 42 in the direction of displacement, the 43 form-locking surfaces 45, z. B. has a toothing.
  • a corresponding pinion 46 engages in this toothing and, as can be seen in FIG. 5, has the thickness of the sliding piece.
  • the pinion sits on a shaft 48 which is guided through the housing 2 of the fuel injection pump and can be rotated and secured from outside by a corresponding device.
  • a head plate 50 is formed, which projects beyond the width of the recess 42 and serves to guide the sliding piece between the head plate and the parallel wall part of the housing.
  • the outer longitudinal side 51 of the sliding piece 39 facing away from the additional control spring 26 is rectilinear and lies against a corresponding straight sliding surface 52 which is provided in the interior of the pump housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem Drehzahlregler nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs aus. Bei einem durch das DE-GM 1 784 561 bekannten Drehzahlregler dieser Art weist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe zur Verstellung der Fördermenge eine Regelstange auf, die über einen zweiarmigen Hebel mit einem Fliehkraftversteller gekoppelt ist. Die eine Seite der Stellmuffe des Fliehkraftverstellers wird von einer Regelfeder beaufschlagt, deren Vorspannung durch einen als erstes Abstützteil dienenden Hebel verstellbar ist. Ferner greift an der Regelstange eine Zusatzfeder an, deren anderes Ende am Ende eines als zweites Abstützteil dienenden Schwenkarmes befestigt ist, der um eine gehäusefeste Achse mit Hilfe eines Stellhebels schwenkbar ist. Diese Zusatzfeder kann hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkrichtung mit Hilfe des Schwenkarmes verstellt werden, wobei sie in der Grundeinstellung in Unterstützung der Regelfeder wirkt und etwa achsparallel zu dieser ausgerichtet ist. Durch Veränderung der Winkellage der Achse der Zusatzfeder zur Regelstange läßt sich die in Richtung Regelstange wirkende Kraftkomponente verändern, was eine Veränderung der Gesamtcharakteristik von Regelfeder und Zusatzfeder ergibt. Wegen der nur geringen Abweichung der Drehachse des Schwenkhebels vom Befestigungspunkt der Zusatzfeder an der Regelstange ergibt sich bei der Veränderung der Winkellage der Zusatzfeder kaum eine Änderung der Vorspannung derselben. Es sind ferner auch keine Maßnahmen vorgesehen, diese Vorspannung separat zu verändern. Diese Einrichtung dient der Beeinflussung der Abregelsteilheit des Drehzahlreglers, wobei jedoch wegen der Notwendigkeit der Bewegung des Schwenkarmes ein zusätzlicher Bauraum einzuräumen ist. Auch ist für eine exakte Einstellung der genannte Stellhebel notwendig sowie eine dort vorzusehende Einstell- und Fixiereinrichtung.The invention is based on a speed controller according to the preamble of the main claim. In a speed controller of this type known from DE-GM 1 784 561, a fuel injection pump for adjusting the delivery rate has a control rod which is coupled to a centrifugal adjuster via a two-armed lever. One side of the adjusting sleeve of the centrifugal force adjuster is acted upon by a control spring, the pretension of which is adjustable by a lever serving as the first support part. Furthermore, an additional spring acts on the control rod, the other end of which is attached to the end of a swivel arm serving as a second support part, which can be pivoted about an axis fixed to the housing with the aid of an adjusting lever. This additional spring can be adjusted with regard to its direction of action with the aid of the swivel arm, in the basic setting it acts in support of the control spring and is aligned approximately axially parallel to it. By changing the angular position of the axis of the additional spring relative to the control rod, the force component acting in the direction of the control rod can be changed, which results in a change in the overall characteristics of the control spring and additional spring. Because of the slight deviation of the axis of rotation of the pivot lever from the attachment point of the additional spring on the control rod, there is hardly any change in the pretensioning of the additional spring when the angular position is changed. Furthermore, no measures are provided to change this pretension separately. This device serves to influence the regulating steepness of the speed controller, but because of the necessity of the movement of the swivel arm, additional installation space must be provided. It is also necessary for an exact adjustment of the mentioned setting lever as well as an adjustment and fixing device to be provided there.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Drehzahlregler mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch lineare Verschiebung des Abstützteils die Winkellage der Achse der zusätzlichen Regelfeder und zugleich die Vorspannung dieser Feder verstellbar ist und somit die Abregelsteilheit bzw. der P-Grad und auch die Abregeldrehzahl einfach an einer einzigen Stelle der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe einstellbar sind. Die Einrichtung ist weiterhin wenig aufwendig und raumsparend und kann insbesondere vorteilhaft bei Verteilereinspritzpumpen, die sich durch besonders kleine Baugröße auszeichnen, zum Einsatz gebracht werden. Insbesondere ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe, die mit einem solchen Regler ausgestattet ist, vorteilhaft für den Einsatz bei Brennkraftmaschinen geeignet, mit denen, wie z. B. bei der Stromerzeugung, exakte Drehzahlen eingehalten werden müssen mit einem genau festgelegtenThe speed controller according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the angular position of the axis of the additional control spring and at the same time the preload of this spring is adjustable by linear displacement of the support part and thus the control slope or the P-degree and also the control speed simple are adjustable at a single point in the fuel injection pump. The device is also not very complex and space-saving and can be used particularly advantageously in distributor injection pumps which are distinguished by their particularly small size. In particular, a fuel injection pump, which is equipped with such a controller, is advantageously suitable for use in internal combustion engines with which, such as. B. in power generation, exact speeds must be observed with a precisely defined

Abregelverhalten (P-Grad).Regulation behavior (P-degree).

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 1 ist durch die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 2 gegeben.An advantageous development of the configuration according to claim 1 is given by the configuration according to claim 2.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden mit ihren Vorteilen in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.Further refinements of the invention are explained in more detail with their advantages in the following description.

Zeichnungdrawing

Drei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Teilschnitt durch eine Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe bekannter Bauart mit den wesentlichen Teilen des erfindungsgemäßen Drehzahlreglers, Figur 2 eine Abwandlung der Abstützteilausgestaltung vom Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1, Figur 3 einen Teilschnitt durch eine Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 4 eine Abwandlung des Abstützteils von Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figuren 1 oder 3 als drittes Ausführungsbeispiel und Figur 5 eine zweite Ansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 4.Three embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. 1 shows a partial section through a distributor fuel injection pump of known design with the essential parts of the speed controller according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a modification of the support part design from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a distributor fuel injection pump for a second exemplary embodiment, FIG Embodiment according to FIG. 1 or 3 as a third embodiment and FIG. 5 a second view of the embodiment according to FIG. 4.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In der Zeichnung in Figur 1 ist ein Teil einer Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe bekannter Bauart wiedergegeben mit einem Pumpenkolben 1, der durch nicht weiter gezeigte Mittel in eine hin- und hergehende und zugleich drehende Bewegung versetzt wird und in einer im Gehäuse 2 der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe eingesetzten Buchse 3 geführt wird. Das Gehäuse schließt einen Pumpensaugraum 4 ein, der mit Kraftstoff gefüllt ist, welcher in der Regel zur Druchführung von Steuerfunktionen auf einen drehzahlabhängig gesteuerten Druck gehalten wird. Auf den Pumpenkolben ist als Mengenverstellorgan ein Ringschieber 6 angeordnet, der die Mündung einer vom hier nicht weiter dargestellten Pumpenarbeitsraum herführenden Entlastungsleitung 7 in den Pumpensaugraum 4 steuert. Der Ringschieber 6 ist dazu auf dem Pumpenkolben verschiebbar, wobei in der gezeigten Ausgestaltung die pro Pumpenhub unter Hochdruck vom Pumpenkolben geförderte Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge um so größer ist, je weiter zum oberen Totpunkt des Pumpenkolbens hin der Ringschieber verschoben ist.In the drawing in Figure 1, a part of a distributor fuel injection pump of a known type is shown with a pump piston 1, which is set in a reciprocating and at the same time rotating movement by means not shown, and is guided in a bushing 3 inserted in the housing 2 of the fuel injection pump . The housing includes a pump suction chamber 4, which is filled with fuel, which is generally kept at a speed-dependent pressure in order to carry out control functions. Arranged on the pump piston as a quantity adjusting element is a ring slide 6 which controls the opening of a relief line 7 leading from the pump work chamber (not shown here further) into the pump suction chamber 4. For this purpose, the ring slide 6 is displaceable on the pump piston, the fuel injection quantity delivered per pump stroke under high pressure by the pump piston being greater in the embodiment shown, the further the ring slide is displaced towards the top dead center of the pump piston.

Zur Einstellung des Ringschiebers 6 ist ein Drehzahlregler vorgesehen, der einen Reglerhebel 9 aufweist, der um eine im wesentlichen gehäusefeste, aber einstellbare Achse 10 schwenkbar ist und dabei über einen Kopf 11 an seinem einen Ende mit dem Ringschieber 6 gekoppelt ist und diesen verstellt. Dieser Reglerhebel kann grundsätzlich als einziger Reglerhebel vorgesehen werden, im ausgeführten Beispiel jedoch ist eine Reglerhebelanordnung mit mehreren Hebeln vorgesehen. Dabei handelt es sich bei dem Reglerhebel 9 um einen Starthebel, der unmittelbar von einer Verstellmuffe 13 eines in der Zeichnung nur angedeuteten Fliehkraftdrehzahlgebers 8 beaufschlagt wird. Auf der Achse 10 ist ferner ein einarmiger Schlepphebel 14 angeordnet, an dessen äußersten Ende das eine Ende einer Regelfederanordnung 15 über einen Kupplungskopf 16 angreift. Das andere Ende der Regelfederanordnung ist an einem Hebelarm 18 befestigt, der auf einer durch das Pumpengehäuse 2 geführten Welle 19 sitzt, an deren äußerem Ende ein Verstellhebel 20 befestigt wird. Mit diesem wird in bekannter Weise die Vorspannung der Regelfederanordnung verstellt. Diese wirkt der Kraftwirkung der Verstellmuffe 13 entgegen. Unter Einwirkung der drehzahlabhängigen Stellkräfte der Verstellmuffe 13 kann der Starthebel 9 zur Anlage an den Schlepphebel 14 gebracht werden. Zwischen Starthebel und Schlepphebel ist eine Blattfeder als Startfeder 17 angeordnet, die bei diesem Vorgang komprimiert wird. Sobald die Kraftwirkung der Verstellmuffe 13 die Kraft einer der Federn, der Startfeder 17 oder der Regelfederanordnung 15 überwindet, wird der Starthebel 9 bzw. der Starthebel 9 zusammen mit Schlepphebel 14 geschwenkt und der Ringschieber 6 zu Stellungen verschoben, bei denen eine geringere Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge zur Einspritzung gelangt. Dieser Vorgang des Abregelns erfolgt um so steiler, je weicher bei gegebener Vorspannung die Federcharakteristik ist.To set the ring slide 6, a speed controller is provided which has a control lever 9 which can be pivoted about an axis 10 which is essentially fixed to the housing but is adjustable and is coupled via a head 11 at one end to the ring slide 6 and adjusts it. This regulator lever can in principle be provided as the only regulator lever, but in the example shown a regulator lever arrangement with several levers is provided. The control lever 9 is a start lever which is acted upon directly by an adjusting sleeve 13 of a centrifugal force sensor 8, which is only indicated in the drawing. On the axis 10 is also a one-armed rocker arm 14 is arranged, at the extreme end of one end of a control spring assembly 15 via a coupling lung head 16 attacks. The other end of the control spring arrangement is fastened to a lever arm 18 which is seated on a shaft 19 which is guided through the pump housing 2 and on the outer end of which an adjusting lever 20 is fastened. With this, the bias of the control spring arrangement is adjusted in a known manner. This counteracts the force of the adjusting sleeve 13. Under the influence of the speed-dependent actuating forces of the adjusting sleeve 13, the start lever 9 can be brought into contact with the rocker arm 14. Between the start lever and the rocker arm, a leaf spring is arranged as a start spring 17, which is compressed during this process. As soon as the force of the adjusting sleeve 13 overcomes the force of one of the springs, the starting spring 17 or the control spring arrangement 15, the starting lever 9 or the starting lever 9 is pivoted together with the rocker arm 14 and the ring slide 6 is shifted to positions in which a lower fuel injection quantity is used for injection reached. This process of regulating takes place the steeper the softer the spring characteristic is at a given preload.

Zur Regelung des Leerlaufs ist weiterhin zwischen dem jenseits der Regelfederanordnung 15 des Schlepphebels 14 liegenden Kopf 16 und dem Schlepphebel 14 eine Leerlauffeder angeordnet, die beim Abregelvorgang in einem Niedriglastbereich zunächst komprimiert wird, bis der Kopf 16 zur Anlage am Schlepphebel 14 kommt und die Regelfederanordnung 15 unmittelbar von den Stellkräften der Stellmuffe 13 beaufschlagt wird.To regulate the idling, an idling spring is further arranged between the head 16 lying beyond the control spring arrangement 15 of the rocker arm 14 and the rocker arm 14, which is initially compressed during the regulating process in a low-load range until the head 16 comes to rest on the rocker arm 14 and the regulating spring arrangement 15 is acted upon directly by the actuating forces of the adjusting sleeve 13.

Die dem Starthebel und dem Schlepphebel gemeinsame Achse 10 ist auf einem Justierhebel 23 gelagert, der entgegen Federkraft um einen hier nicht weiter gezeigten Gehäusefestpunkt zur Einstellung schwenkbar ist. Die Einstellung erfolgt durch eine durch die Wand des Gehäuses 2 geschraubte Schraube 24, die am Ende des Einstellhebels angreift. Insoweit entspricht die beschriebene Pumpe einer üblicherweise ausgestalteten Verteilereinspritzpumpe. Nun aber weist der Schlepphebel 14 einen Arm 25 auf, der vom Einhängepunkt der Regelfederanordnung 15 am äußeren Ende des Schlepphebels 14 schräg nach unten abführt. Am Ende dieses Armes 25 ist das eine Ende einer zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 befestigt, die mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem Abstützteil 27 eingehängt ist. Diese Feder ist als Zugfeder ausgebildet und wirkt der Regelfederanordnung15 entgegen. Das Abstützteil hat die Form einer Schnurrolle und sitzt am Ende eines Schraubbolzens 29, der durch die Wand des Gehäuses 2 geschraubt ist und am außen liegenden Ende eine Formschlußfläche 30 für weine Verdrehung und eine Kontermutter 31 zu seiner Lagesicherung aufweist. Die Achse des Schraubbolzens 29 liegt in der Schwenkebene, die der Einhängepunkt 32 der zusätzlichen Feder 26 am Arm 25 bei Auslenkung des Schlepphebels 14 beschreibt. Weiterhin ist seine Achse etwa parallel zur Ausgangslage des Schlepphebels 14 oder des Starthebels 19 ausgerichtet.The axis 10 common to the start lever and the rocker arm is mounted on an adjusting lever 23 which, against spring force, can be pivoted about a housing fixed point (not shown here) for adjustment. The setting is made by a screw 24 screwed through the wall of the housing 2, which acts on the end of the adjusting lever. In this respect, the pump described corresponds to a typically designed distributor injection pump. But now the rocker arm 14 has an arm 25 which leads obliquely downwards from the suspension point of the control spring arrangement 15 at the outer end of the rocker arm 14. At the end of this arm 25, one end of an additional control spring 26 is attached, which is hooked at its other end to a support part 27. This spring is designed as a tension spring and counteracts the control spring arrangement 15. The support part has the shape of a cord roller and sits at the end of a screw bolt 29 which is screwed through the wall of the housing 2 and has a form-fitting surface 30 for twisting and a lock nut 31 to secure its position at the outer end. The axis of the screw bolt 29 lies in the swivel plane, which the attachment point 32 of the additional spring 26 on the arm 25 describes when the rocker arm 14 is deflected. Furthermore, its axis is aligned approximately parallel to the starting position of the rocker arm 14 or the start lever 19.

Der hier dargestellte Drehzahlregler ist ein Alldrehzahlregler, bei dem durch die Verstellung der Vorspannung der Regelfederanordnung 15 die Drehzahl eingestellt wird, bei deren Überschreiten der Schlepphebel 14 zusammen mit dem Starthebel 9 ausgelenkt und der Ringschieber 6 nach unten verschoben wird. In dieser Stellung des Ringschiebers kommt eine geringere Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge zur Einspritzung, was wiederum die zuvor erreichte Drehzahl reduziert. Entsprechend geringer ist dann wiederum die Stellkraft an der Verstellmuffe 13, so daß der Schlepphebel 14 wieder in eine Schwenklage kommt, die einer höheren Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge entspricht. Je nach Größe der Vorspannung tritt dieser Regelvorgang bei niedrigerer oder höherer Drehzahl auf. Die Vorspannung wird dabei am Verstellhebel 20 eingestellt und kann gegebenenfalls mit diesen nicht weiter dargestellten Mitteln fixiert werden.The speed controller shown here is an all-speed controller in which the speed is set by adjusting the bias of the control spring assembly 15, when it is exceeded, the rocker arm 14 is deflected together with the start lever 9 and the ring slide 6 is moved downward. In this position of the ring slide, a lower fuel injection quantity is injected, which in turn reduces the previously reached speed. The actuating force on the adjusting sleeve 13 is then correspondingly lower, so that the rocker arm 14 again comes into a pivoting position which corresponds to a higher fuel injection quantity. Depending on the size of the preload, this control process occurs at lower or higher speed. The preload is set on the adjusting lever 20 and can optionally be fixed with these means, which are not shown in any more detail.

Mit dem beschriebenen Drehzahlregler ist aber weiterhin auch zusätzlich noch die Abregelsteilheit oder Abregelgeschwindingkeit änderbar, das heißt die Steilheit des Kraftstoffeinspritzmengen-Kennlinienverlaufes zwischen Vollastbetrieb und Leerlauf. Zu diesem Zweck ist zum einen die zusätzliche Regelfeder 26 vorgesehen und zum anderen der Abstützteil 27 dieser Regelfeder verschiebbar. Durch Verschieben des Abstützteils 27 in Richtung der Achse des Schraubbolzens 29 wird die Achsausrichtung der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 verändert. Wenn man jeweils die Verlängerung der Achse der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 bildet und von dieser die Senkrechte auf die Achse 10 des Schlepphebels fällt, erkennt man, daß mit zunehmender Auslenkung der wirksame Hebelarm, an dem die Kraft der Regelfeder 26 zur Wirkung kommt, bezüglich der Achse 10 verringert wird, verbunden mit dem entsprechenden Durchgriff der Vorspannung der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 auf den Abregelvorgang. Auf diese Art und Weise kann durch Verschieben des Abstützteils 27 die wirksame Federcharakteristik, die in der Steilheit des Abregelvorgangs bei Erreichen der eingestellten Drehzahl zum Ausdruck kommt, variiert werden. Mit der im Ausführungsbeispiel möglichen Verschwenkung der Winkellage der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 läßt sich sehr genau eine gewünschte Abregelsteilheit (P-Grad) einstellen. Vorteilhalfterweise liegt die Achse der Regelfeder 26 dabei in der Schwenkebene, die der Einhängpunkt 32 bei Auslenkung des Schlepphebels 14 beschreibt.With the described speed controller, however, the regulating steepness or regulating speed can also be changed, that is, the steepness of the fuel injection quantity characteristic curve between full load operation and idling. For this purpose, the additional control spring 26 is provided on the one hand and the support part 27 of this control spring is displaceable on the other hand. By moving the support part 27 in the direction of the axis of the screw bolt 29, the axis orientation of the additional control spring 26 is changed. If one forms in each case the extension of the axis of the additional control spring 26 and from this the vertical falls on the axis 10 of the rocker arm, it can be seen that with increasing deflection the effective lever arm, on which the force of the control spring 26 comes into effect, with respect to the axis 10 is reduced, combined with the corresponding engagement of the bias of the additional control spring 26 on the regulating process. In this way, by moving the support part 27, the effective spring characteristic, which is expressed in the steepness of the regulating process when the set speed is reached, can be varied. With the possible pivoting of the angular position of the additional control spring 26 in the exemplary embodiment, a desired regulating steepness (P-degree) can be set very precisely. Advantageously, the axis of the control spring 26 lies in the swivel plane that the suspension point 32 describes when the rocker arm 14 is deflected.

Zugleich mit der Querverschiebung des Abstützteils 27 wird auch die Vorspannung der zusätzlichen Regelfeder verändert, was in bestimmten Fällen zur Erreichung bestimmter Abregelkennlinien von Vorteil sein kann. In er gänzender Ausgestaltung nach Figur 2 kann aber diese Vorspannung für sich nochmals geändert werden, wenn wie dort gezeigt das Abstützteil 27' einen Anhängepunkt 34 aufweist, der exzentrisch zur Achse 35 des Schraubbolzens 35 liegt. Wird der Schraubbolzen verdreht, so beschreibt der Aufhängepunkt 34 einen Kreis, über dessen Radius bzw. Durchmesser das dort eingehängte Ende der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 36 einen Hub vollziehen kann, durch den entsprechend die Vorspannung der Regelfeder veränderbar ist. Bei sehr feinem Gewinde am Schraubbolzen 29 wirkt sich bei der Einstellung dieses Hubs die dabei erfolgende Verstellung der Winkellage in bezug auf das Regelergebnis nicht aus.Simultaneously with the transverse displacement of the support part 27, the pretension of the additional control spring is also changed, which can be advantageous in certain cases in order to achieve certain control characteristic curves. In the supplementary embodiment according to FIG. 2, however, this pretension can be changed again if, as shown there, the support part 27 'has an attachment point 34 which is eccentric to the axis 35 of the screw bolt 35. If the screw bolt is rotated, the suspension point 34 describes a circle, over the radius or diameter of which the end of the additional control spring 36 which is suspended there can perform a stroke, by means of which the preload of the control spring can be changed accordingly. If the thread on the screw bolt 29 is very fine, this stroke has an effect the adjustment of the angular position in relation to the control result does not take place.

In Abwandlung zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 ist in Figur 3 ein Drehzahlregler wiedergegeben, bei dem die zusätzliche Regelfeder 26' direkt am Ende des Schlepphebels 14 in eine dort befindliche Öse 37 eingehängt ist, während das andere Ende der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26' wiederum an einem Abstützteil 27" am Ende eines Schraubbolzens 29' eingehängt ist. Abweichend vom Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 liegt nun der Schraubbolzen auf der selben Seite des Schlepphebels 14 wie der Hebelarm 18, an dem die Regelfederanordnung 15 angehängt ist. Das bedeutet, daß die zusätzliche Regelfeder 26' in ihrer Kraftwirkung die Regelfederanordnung 15 unterstützt. Um bestimmte Regelcharakteristiken, angepaßt auf den Einzelfall zu erhalten, kann auch eine solche Anordnung notwendig werden, wobei die Verstellmöglichkeiten der Winkellage der zusätzlichen Regelfeder und deren Vorspannung in gleicher Weise gehandhabt werden können, wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figuren 1 und 2.In a modification of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a speed controller is shown in FIG. 3, in which the additional control spring 26 'is hung directly at the end of the rocker arm 14 in an eyelet 37 located there, while the other end of the additional control spring 26' is in turn attached to a support part 27 "is attached to the end of a screw bolt 29 '. In a departure from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the screw bolt now lies on the same side of the rocker arm 14 as the lever arm 18 to which the control spring arrangement 15 is attached. This means that the additional control spring 26' the force spring arrangement supports the control spring arrangement 15. In order to obtain certain control characteristics, adapted to the individual case, such an arrangement may also be necessary, the adjustment possibilities of the angular position of the additional control spring and its pretensioning being able to be handled in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment according to the figures 1 and 2.

In Figur 4 ist eine andere Möglichkeit dargestellt, die Winkellage der Achse der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 bzw. 26' zu verändern. Bei gleichem Anhängepunkt am Schlepp hebel 14 wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figuren 1 oder 3 ist nun das andere Ende an einem Abstützteil 39 befestigt, das als Schiebestück ausgebildet ist. Das Abstützteil 39 weist etwa rechteckige Form auf mit einer inneren in Verschieberichtung langgestreckten Ausnehmung 42, die auf der einen Längsseite 43 Formschlußflächen 45, z. B. eine Verzahnung aufweist. In diese Verzahnung greift ein entsprechendes Ritzel 46 ein, das, wie Figur 5 entnehmbar ist, die Dicke des Schiebestücks besitzt. Das Ritzel sitzt auf einer Welle 48, die durch das Gehäuse 2 der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe geführt ist und von außerhalb durch eine entsprechende Einrichtung verdrehbar und sicherbar ist. Jenseits des Ritzels 46 ist eine Kopfscheibe 50 angeformt, die die Breite der Ausnehmung 42 überragt und der Führung des Schiebestücks zwischen Kopfscheibe und parallelem Wandteil des Gehäuses dient. Die der zusätzlichen Regelfeder 26 abgewandte äußere Längsseite 51 des Schiebestücks 39 ist geradlinig und liegt an einer entsprechenden geraden Verschiebefläche 52, die im Inneren des Pumpengehäuses vorgesehen ist, an. Bei Verdrehen des Ritzels 46 greift dieses in die Verzahnung 45 ein und verschiebt das Verschiebestück 39 entlang dieser Verschiebefläche 52. Mit dieser Einrichtung erhält man eine formstabile Aufhängung für die zusätzliche Regelfeder 26 bzw. 26', wobei diese Ausgestaltung besonders wenig Platz innerhalb der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe beansprucht, so daß diese weiterhin sehr klein gebaut werden kann und die vorgesehene Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des P-Grades auch ohne große Änderung der sonst üblichen Gehäuseform von Verteilerpumpen verwirklicht werden kann. Es bieten sich vielfache Einstellmöglichkeiten für verschiedene Abregelcharakteristiken.Another possibility is shown in FIG. 4 for changing the angular position of the axis of the additional control spring 26 or 26 '. With the same attachment point on the towing lever 14 as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 or 3, the other end is now fastened to a support part 39 which is designed as a sliding piece. The support member 39 has an approximately rectangular shape with an inner elongated recess 42 in the direction of displacement, the 43 form-locking surfaces 45, z. B. has a toothing. A corresponding pinion 46 engages in this toothing and, as can be seen in FIG. 5, has the thickness of the sliding piece. The pinion sits on a shaft 48 which is guided through the housing 2 of the fuel injection pump and can be rotated and secured from outside by a corresponding device. Beyond the pinion 46, a head plate 50 is formed, which projects beyond the width of the recess 42 and serves to guide the sliding piece between the head plate and the parallel wall part of the housing. The outer longitudinal side 51 of the sliding piece 39 facing away from the additional control spring 26 is rectilinear and lies against a corresponding straight sliding surface 52 which is provided in the interior of the pump housing. When the pinion 46 is rotated, it engages in the toothing 45 and displaces the sliding piece 39 along this sliding surface 52. With this device, a dimensionally stable suspension is obtained for the additional control spring 26 or 26 ', this configuration taking up particularly little space within the fuel injection pump , so that it can still be built very small and the intended device for influencing the P-grade can also be implemented without a major change in the otherwise usual housing shape of distributor pumps. There are multiple setting options for different control characteristics.

Claims (2)

1. Speed governor for fuel injection pumps, particularly distributor injection pumps, having at least one governor lever (9, 14) pivotable about a governor lever axis (10) to adjust the fuel injection quantity injected per injection pump piston stroke, having a force which is a function of the speed, which engages the governor lever (9) at least indirectly and which counteracts the force of a governor spring arrangement (15) which is coupled to the governor lever (14) on the hand and which is actively associated with an adjustable first bracing part on the other hand, and having an auxiliary governor spring (26, 26') coupled to the governor lever (14), which is fastened to an adjustable second bracing part (27, 27', 39) along a line which is located in a plane which is penetrated at right angles by the governor lever axis (10), by which second bracing part the angular position of the axis of the auxiliary spring to its coupling point (32) is variable, characterized in that the second bracing part (27, 39) is slidable by an adjustable bolt (29, 48) along the line which has the form of a straight line located parallel somewhat to an initial position of the governer lever (9, 14), the bolt (29, 48) being rotatable and exhibiting a hooking point (34) located eccentrically to the axis (35) of the bolt for the auxiliary governor spring (36), or that the second bracing part is a sliding piece (39) which exhibits on one long side (43) a tooth system (35) which is engaged by an end of the bolt (48) provided with a pinion (46).
2. Speed governor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second bracing part is located at the end of a screw bolt (29) which is screwed through the wall of the housing (2) of the fuel injection pump, is adjustable from outside said housing and is securable in its adjustment.
EP86107678A 1985-07-13 1986-06-05 Speed governor for fuel injection pumps Expired EP0208898B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3525042 1985-07-13
DE19853525042 DE3525042A1 (en) 1985-07-13 1985-07-13 SPEED REGULATOR FOR FUEL INJECTION PUMPS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0208898A1 EP0208898A1 (en) 1987-01-21
EP0208898B1 true EP0208898B1 (en) 1989-10-11

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EP86107678A Expired EP0208898B1 (en) 1985-07-13 1986-06-05 Speed governor for fuel injection pumps

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EP (1) EP0208898B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2513633B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3525042A1 (en)

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JP4566522B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2010-10-20 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Absorber manufacturing equipment

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1784561U (en) * 1958-01-03 1959-03-05 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Centrifugal governor.

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1251076B (en) * 1967-09-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, Stuttgart Control device for the fuel-air mixture of internal combustion engines working with external ignition
US2317022A (en) * 1942-05-15 1943-04-20 Pierce Governor Company Wide range centrifugal governor
US2773683A (en) * 1952-06-19 1956-12-11 Bosch Arma Corp Governor for fuel injection
DE2349663A1 (en) * 1973-10-03 1975-04-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert SPEED REGULATOR OF A FUEL INJECTION PUMP
DE2448693C2 (en) * 1974-10-12 1983-11-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Speed controller for a distributor injection pump
GB1582506A (en) * 1977-07-15 1981-01-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert A speed governor for fuel injection pumps
DE3137520A1 (en) * 1981-09-22 1983-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart SPEED CONTROLLER OF A FUEL INJECTION PUMP

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1784561U (en) * 1958-01-03 1959-03-05 Motoren Werke Mannheim Ag Centrifugal governor.

Also Published As

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JPS6220634A (en) 1987-01-29
EP0208898A1 (en) 1987-01-21
DE3525042A1 (en) 1987-01-15
JP2513633B2 (en) 1996-07-03
DE3666263D1 (en) 1989-11-16

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