EP0208249B1 - Ofenwagen - Google Patents
Ofenwagen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0208249B1 EP0208249B1 EP19860108992 EP86108992A EP0208249B1 EP 0208249 B1 EP0208249 B1 EP 0208249B1 EP 19860108992 EP19860108992 EP 19860108992 EP 86108992 A EP86108992 A EP 86108992A EP 0208249 B1 EP0208249 B1 EP 0208249B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- columns
- refractory
- apertures
- base
- structure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000288673 Chiroptera Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
- F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
- F27D3/123—Furnace cars
Definitions
- This invention relates to kiln cars of the type employed for carrying articles of ceramic ware through a kiln during a firing process.
- Such kiln cars normally comprise a non-refractory trolley which supports a refractory structure including at least a base which protects the trolley and carries the ware to be fired, the latter often being supported on a refractory superstructure which is built up on the base.
- the superstructure incorporates a vertical wall running along the longitudinal centre line of the kiln car.
- Vertical members are secured-to such central wall at spaced longitudinal intervals and extend outwardly in mutually parallel relation to define bays forthe reception of removable shelves on supporting ledges carried by the vertical members.
- This arrangement has the disadvantage that the central wall divides the car into two lateral zones, so that loading of the bats has to be carried out from opposite sides of the kiln car. Where mechanised loading is employed, this requires the use of either two sets of loading apparatus, or specially designed loading apparatus which can serve both sides of the kiln car either simultaneously or in sequence. However, such apparatus is undesirably costly and may often be too bulkyfor practical use.
- the superstructure includes superposed column elements which are interconnected by fixed horizontal shelves and also afford vertically spaced supports for additional, removable shelves. Whilst this arrangement is such that loading may be carried out from only one side of the kiln car, it is not well suited to mechanical loading since the fixed shelves cannot effectively be utilised to support ware, unless hand-loaded. Additionally, the minium clearance which must be available beneath a removable shelf in order to accommodate supporting parts of the loading mechanism causes a relatively large volume of space above such fixed shelves to be unused, thereby significantly reducing the load carrying capacity of the refractory superstructure.
- the object of the invention is to provide a refractory structure for a kiln car which affords an improvement over such prior proposals in one or more respects, the invention being given in claims 1 to 13.
- a refractory structure for a kiln car may include one or more of the following features:-
- a preferred embodiment of ware-supporting refractory structure for a kiln car comprises a hollow refractory base 10 which supports a refractory superstructure 30 adapted to carry a plurality of removable rectangular ware-carrying bats or shelves 50.
- the base 10 is of rectangular form and incorporates refractory socket members 11 at the corners, together with further socket members 12 intermediate the corners, and two additional socket members 13 arranged on the longitudinal centre line of the base.
- the socket members are carried by three longitudinally extending metal straps 14, each having four upright, tubular metal posts 15 secured thereto.
- the posts 15 enter into respective apertures 16, 16a of corresponding sectional shape which preferably extend through the entire height of the socket members from end-to-end thereof as shown.
- the posts 15 and apertures 16, 16a are most conveniently of square shape in cross-section, as are the socket members 11, 12 and 13, although other appropriate shapes could be employed.
- the socket members are formed with vertically extending external grooves 17 which serve to locate the edges of pairs of refractory panels 18 and 19 which collectively form the lateral walls of the base 10.
- An outwardly extending baffle 20 is formed by laterally projecting refractory plates which are assembled between the panels 18 and 19 for the purpose of obstructing the transmission of radiant energy downwardly from the interior of the kiln around the outside of the base towards a metal trolley (not shown) on which the refractory structure is carried through the kiln.
- the interior of the base 10 is filled with insulating blocks 21 covered by a layer of insulating material 22, so that the whole construction is of relatively light weight and low thermal mass.
- socket members 11,12 and 13 extend over substantially the entire thickness of the base 10. At their upper ends, the socket members support a plurality of cover plates 23 which close the top of the base.
- each socket member 11, 12, 13 extend upwardly from the lower end of each socket member 11, 12, 13 over a major part of its height so as to locate the socket members not only against lateral movement, but also effectively to restrain them from rocking about their lower ends.
- the apertures 16, 16a are not positioned centrally of the square section socket members, but in the case of the corner socket members 11 the apertures 16 are offset towards one corner of the member, whilst in the case of the side socket members 12, and the central socket members 13, the apertures 16a are offset towards one side.
- This arrangement enables each socket memberto afford a further similar aperture 24, 25 which extends parallel to the aperture 16, 16a respectively through substantially the full height of the socket member, and hence throughout substantially the full thickness of the base 10.
- the corner socket members 11 are formed with open-ended through-apertures 24 arranged in the corners of the socket members diagonally opposed to the corners at which the apertures 16 are formed, whilst the side and central socket members 11 and 12 are formed with open-ended through-apertures 25 which are arranged adjacent to the side of the members opposite to that at which the apertures 16a are formed.
- the apertures 24 and 25 are conveniently of square shape in section, although other sectional shapes could be employed.
- the socket members 11 and 12 are assembled on the straps 14 in such a way that the through-apertures 24 and 25 are disposed outwardly of the corresponding posts 15 on which the socket members are located. In this way the through apertures 24 and 25 are as close as possible to the corners and outer edges of the base 10 respectively.
- Each aperture 24, 25 receives the lower end portion of a column 31 forming part of the superstructure 30.
- the columns 31 may be of one- piece construction, but in the illustrated embodiment in accordance with a preferred feature of the invention they are of composite construction, including a substantially full-height inner member 32 which is conveniently formed as a length of thick-walled square section ceramic tube of dimensions adapted to fit closely within the apertures 24, 25. In this way, the lower end of each inner member 32 rests on the metal straps 14 and is supported by the corresponding socket member 11, 12, 13 over a length corresponding substantially to the entire thickness of the base 10' so as to provide maximum support.
- the inner members 32 in the illustrated embodiment each carry a plurality of superposed outer members, as illustrated comprising alternate spacers in the form of sleeves 33 and shelf support members in the form of collars 34.
- the sleeves each consist of lengths of square section ceramic tube, whilst the collars 34 are of generally plate-like form with a square aperture to receive the inner member 32.
- the collars 34 project laterally relative to the ends of the sleeves 33 so as to afford lugs 39 on which the shelves 50 may be supported.
- the collars 34 are of generally rectangular shape in plan view, although other shapes could be adopted.
- the lugs 39 are afforded by collars 34 which are structurally separate from the sleeves 33, it will be appreciated that the sleeves could be formed with integral lugs so that no separate collars would then be required. Likewise, whilst in the illustrated embodiment the lugs are separate from the inner member 32, it will be appreciated that the columns 31 could have the lugs integrally formed thereon so that neither the sleeves nor the collars are required.
- each column carries a respective top member which incorporates one or more upstanding projections which enter into corresponding recesses formed at the underside of the top plates 38.
- the columns 31 at the corners of the superstructure carry top members 35 including a single projection 35a which engages in a corresponding recess at the corner of the top plate supported by the corner column.
- the columns 31 intermediate the corners carry top members 36 which include a pair of projections 36a arranged to engage in recesses afforded at adjacent corners of the two adjoining top plates supported by such columns.
- the two central columns 31 carry top members 37 which afford four projections (not shown) to engage in respective recesses at the adjacent corners of the four adjoining top plates supported by those columns.
- top members 35, 36, 37 could, like the collars 34, be formed with square apertures to locate on the inner member 32 of the column 31, in a preferred arrangement the inner member 32, whilst extending over substantially the full height of the assembly of sleeves and collars, terminates at its upper end at a position spaced slightly below the upper end of the uppermost sleeve 33 so that the latter affords a shallow socket for the reception of a square-shaped projection 35b, 36b, 37b at the underside of the corresponding top member.
- the top member could be formed with a smaller downward projection adapted to enter the end of the inner member 32, when the latter is of tubular form, although the inner member could be made from solid rod if required.
- each removable shelf 50 can be placed in position on the lugs 39 afforded by the collars 34 from either side of the superstructure since there is no obstruction to prevent such a shelf being passed from one side of the superstructure to the other.
- Each removable shelf 50 may extend across the full width of the superstructure so as to be supported at its four corners and mid-way along its longer sides. Alternatively, each shelf may extend across only half of the width of the superstructure, in that case each shelf being supported adjacent to its corners by four lugs carried by respective columns 31.
- the central strap 14 provides support for only three columns, at positions aligned centrally between the pairs of columns supported by the outermost straps 14.
- each removable shelf 50 would be supported by three lugs, although in this case the shelves could not be passed through the superstructure from one side to the other. Whilst this would hinder the mechanical loading of the shelves for the reasons previously given it may nevertheless be useful in some circumstances.
- the lower ends of the columns 31 do not require to be embedded in massive supports.
- the socket members 11, 12, 13 which give the required support for the columns are comparatively light in weight, and this is made possible by the fact that they are formed with two apertures, one for locating the socket member in a fixed position on the corresponding strap 14, and one for receiving the lower end of the column 31. Since these two apertures extend parallel to one another, the members received therein can extend through substantially the full height of the socket member and thereby maximise the support which is provided within the vertical dimensions of the base.
- Forming the columns 31 by assembling sleeves 33 and collars 34 on the inner member 32 has the advantage that the sleeves can readily be formed to various lengths so as to enable the superstructure 30 to be adapted to support removable shelves 50 at varying spacings according to the requirements of the ware being fired.
- the superstructure 30 is itself of relatively lightweight construction so as to minimise energy loss due to thermal cycling and yet the structure is stable enough to enable the removable shelves 50 to be loaded mechanically.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8517172 | 1985-07-05 | ||
GB08517172A GB2179127A (en) | 1985-07-05 | 1985-07-05 | Kiln cars |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0208249A1 EP0208249A1 (de) | 1987-01-14 |
EP0208249B1 true EP0208249B1 (de) | 1989-09-27 |
Family
ID=10581911
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860108992 Expired EP0208249B1 (de) | 1985-07-05 | 1986-07-02 | Ofenwagen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0208249B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1017183B (de) |
DE (1) | DE3665929D1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2179127A (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT231584Y1 (it) * | 1993-06-15 | 1999-08-04 | Mamoli Romano | Carrello a struttura modulare per il contenimento di vassoi per prodotti da forno o similari |
DE19639531C1 (de) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-02-05 | Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg | Be- und Entladevorrichtung für ein Brennregal |
ATE219571T1 (de) * | 1997-03-12 | 2002-07-15 | Andreas Haessler | Brenngutträger |
NO983925L (no) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-02-28 | Borgestad Fabrikker As | Brennvogn |
DE10000276A1 (de) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-07-19 | Ceric Thermic Wistra Gmbh | Tragende Struktur für Brennöfen mit sehr hoher Brenntemperatur |
CN103292601A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-11 | 湖南省科辉墙材有限公司 | 轻量保温节能型窑车 |
CN104048511B (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2016-03-30 | 广东固特耐科技新材料有限公司 | 一种窑具垫板及窑具框架 |
CN105509483A (zh) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 北京创导工业陶瓷有限公司 | 箱体式窑车 |
DE102017101544A1 (de) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-07-26 | Refratechnik Holding Gmbh | Tragelement für einen Tunnelofenwagen oder -schlitten, Tunnelofenwagen oder -schlitten mit derartigen Tragelementen sowie Tunnelofen mit einem derartigen Tunnelofenwagen oder -schlitten |
CN111735312B (zh) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-07-05 | 景德镇学院 | 一种用于烧制陶瓷产品的支架 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR720571A (fr) * | 1931-07-24 | 1932-02-22 | Manufactures Ceramiques D Hemi | Support de cuisson pour carreaux de faïence |
US1969126A (en) * | 1931-12-08 | 1934-08-07 | Carborundum Co | Kiln furniture |
GB433473A (en) * | 1934-02-19 | 1935-08-15 | Bernard Joseph Moore | Improvements in trucks |
GB433497A (en) * | 1934-07-14 | 1935-08-15 | Bernard Joseph Moore | Improvements in kiln trucks |
GB440621A (en) * | 1935-07-30 | 1936-01-02 | Bernard Joseph Moore | Improvements in trucks |
GB660893A (en) * | 1949-02-08 | 1951-11-14 | Hewitt & Son Fenton Ltd J | An improved apparatus for supporting pottery ware in a kiln or the like |
ES355542A1 (es) * | 1968-06-27 | 1970-03-01 | Adroer Calafell | Sistema para la construccion de elementos prefabricados en hormigon. |
DE1918322B2 (de) * | 1969-04-10 | 1971-09-09 | Annawerk Gmbh | Bausatz zur erstellung eines brennwagenaufbaus zum brennen von keramischen wandfliesen im tunnelofen |
GB1557962A (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1979-12-19 | Acme Marls Ltd | Support structure for ceramic ware |
IT7828986V0 (it) * | 1978-08-03 | 1978-08-03 | Poppi Studio Tec Ind | Carrello per forni a cottura rapida in particolare di prodotti di materiali ceramici quali piastrelle e simili |
DE3123896C2 (de) * | 1981-06-16 | 1985-12-12 | Adolf A. Fleischmann Inh. Werner Fleischmann, 6000 Frankfurt | Tunnelofenwagen |
EP0106919B1 (de) * | 1982-10-21 | 1987-08-19 | Naamloze Vennootschap Koninklijke Sphinx | Aus losen Einzelteilen zusammengesetztes Traggestell für in einem Ofen zu brennende Fliesen oder dergleiche Gegenstände |
US4462798A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-07-31 | Norton Company | Kiln car furniture module(s) |
US4487579A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1984-12-11 | The Potters Supply Company | Superstructure for kiln car |
-
1985
- 1985-07-05 GB GB08517172A patent/GB2179127A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-07-02 DE DE8686108992T patent/DE3665929D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-07-02 EP EP19860108992 patent/EP0208249B1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-07-05 CN CN 86105634 patent/CN1017183B/zh not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0208249A1 (de) | 1987-01-14 |
GB8517172D0 (en) | 1985-08-14 |
GB2179127A (en) | 1987-02-25 |
DE3665929D1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
CN1017183B (zh) | 1992-06-24 |
CN86105634A (zh) | 1987-02-25 |
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