EP0204181B1 - Electroaimant - Google Patents

Electroaimant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204181B1
EP0204181B1 EP86106472A EP86106472A EP0204181B1 EP 0204181 B1 EP0204181 B1 EP 0204181B1 EP 86106472 A EP86106472 A EP 86106472A EP 86106472 A EP86106472 A EP 86106472A EP 0204181 B1 EP0204181 B1 EP 0204181B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
inner core
permanent magnet
magnets
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86106472A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0204181A1 (fr
Inventor
Ferdinand Reiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0204181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0204181A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0204181B1 publication Critical patent/EP0204181B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H01F7/206—Electromagnets for lifting, handling or transporting of magnetic pieces or material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0632—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a spherically or partly spherically shaped armature, e.g. acting as valve body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F02M51/0692—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets as valve or armature return means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnet according to the first part of patent claim 1
  • An electromagnet of an electromagnetically actuated valve with a built-in permanent magnet has already been proposed, in which the armature is pulled towards the core in the non-energized state, while the armature assumes a position at a distance from the core in the case of electromagnetic excitation.
  • Such a valve has the advantage of not requiring a holding current in the rest position.
  • the use of cylindrical and flat magnets means that the valve is large.
  • the electromagnet according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage of being compact due to the use of at least one ring-shaped, radially magnetized permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet and the resulting design of the core.
  • the electromagnet can also be used in a fuel injector with higher fuel pressures without the risk of the armature lifting off from the pole shoes as a result of the pressure of the fuel.
  • an outer core In the electromagnet shown in Figure 1 for a fuel injection valve of a fuel injection system of internal combustion engines, 1 denotes an outer core. This has, for example, the shape of a pot, the bottom of which runs in the form of a truncated cone. The frustoconical end of the outer core 1 is flattened in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve and leaves an opening 11 free. The tapered end of the truncated cone of the outer core 1 forms a ring-shaped outer pole 2 when the outer core 1 is closed in a ring shape. Surrounded by the outer core 1, there is an inner core 3 coaxially therein, which can have the same length as the outer core.
  • the inner core 3 On the length on which the outer core 1 is cylindrical, the inner core 3 has the shape of a solid cylinder. In the region of the truncated cone shape of the outer core 1, the inner core 3 tapers in a cone 4, which ends in an inner pole 5, which is in the same plane as the outer pole 2 and is surrounded by it, and which is thus aligned with the opening 11.
  • a magnetic coil 6, which is wound on a coil carrier 7, is located between the inner core 3 and the outer core 1, lying on the inner core.
  • Power supplies, not shown, serve to supply power to the solenoid.
  • a magnetically conductive ring 9 which extends radially to the outer core 1 and whose outer diameter is dimensioned such that between the ring 9 and the outer core 1 there is an annular gap 10.
  • an annular first permanent magnet 8 is located between the inner core 3 and the outer core 1 and terminates with them.
  • This permanent magnet 8 is radially polarized, ie it has either a south pole on the inner jacket and a north pole on the outer jacket (as indicated in the drawing, for example) or a north pole on the inner jacket and a south pole on the outer jacket.
  • an annular second permanent magnet 14 with the same polarity as the first permanent magnet 8.
  • a first working air gap 18 is formed between the flat side 17 of the armature 15 and the outer pole 2 of the outer core 1 and a second working air gap 19 is formed between the armature 15 and the inner pole 5 of the inner core 3.
  • the plane in which the working air gaps of outer pole 2 and armature 15 on the one hand and inner pole 5 and armature 15 on the other hand are arranged can be made convex or concave, with a circular or elliptical curvature.
  • valve needle 16 is fastened, for example by welding or soldering.
  • the valve needle 16 is cylindrical and is fixedly connected at its other end to a valve body 20 which, in cooperation with a valve seat 21 Opening or closing of the valve causes.
  • Valve body 20 and valve seat 21 are worked in such a way that when the valve body 20 moves in the direction of the poles 2, 5, the valve body 20 bears against the valve seat 21 and closes the valve.
  • the valve seat 21 is incorporated on the end face of a cylindrical valve seat body 22.
  • Valve seat body 22 and outer core 1 are connected to one another such that no relative movement of the two parts to one another is possible, for example by fastening in a common valve housing, not shown in the drawings.
  • a coaxial bore 30 adjoins the valve seat 21 and penetrates the valve seat body 22.
  • a transition area 32 between bore 30 and bore 31 is conical and serves as a stop for the maximum opening stroke of valve needle 16 and valve body 20.
  • the Outer diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bore 30 surrounding it.
  • the fuel is supplied to the bore 30 via at least one feed opening 35 in the valve seat body. This extends radially from the jacket of the valve seat body 22 to the bore 30 in that section of the bore 30 which is located on the side of the collar 33 facing the armature 15.
  • the function of the electromagnetic fuel injection valve is as follows: When the magnet coil 6 is not energized, magnetic fields are only generated by the permanent magnets 8 and 14; the armature 15 is thereby attracted by the outer pole 2 and the inner pole 5 and the valve body 20 is brought sealingly onto the valve seat 21.
  • the magnetic flux generated by the first permanent magnet 8 runs on the one hand via the outer core 1, outer pole 2, armature 15, inner pole 5 and inner core 3 back to the first permanent magnet and thus also encloses the magnet coil 6.
  • part of the magnetic generated by the first permanent magnet 8 runs Flow over the outer core 1, annular gap 10, ring 9 and inner core 3 back to the first permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic flux generated by the second permanent magnet 14 runs in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet 8 via the outer core 1, outer pole 2, armature 15, inner pole 5 and inner core 3 back to the second permanent magnet
  • the magnetic coil 6 is supplied with voltage, such an electromagnetic field is induced that the field lines of the electromagnetic field in the first working air gap 18 and in the second working air gap 19 run opposite to the field lines of the magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets 8, 14.
  • the excitation of the magnetic coil 6 should be so great that the field strength of the electromagnetic field in the area of the working air gaps 18, 19 is equal to the field strength of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 8, 14, so that no magnetic force acts on the armature 15 and the valve can open .
  • the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic field runs primarily over the inner core 3, inner pole 5, armature 15, outer pole 2, outer core 1, annular gap 10 and ring 9 back to the inner core 3.
  • the ring 9 with the annular gap 10 is useful since the first Permanent magnet 8 conducts the electromagnetic flux only with difficulty.
  • the diameter of the inner core 3 it is to be dimensioned such that the state of a saturation of the induced magnetic flux occurs in the inner core 3 when the magnet coil 6 flows through.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the parts that remain the same and function the same as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the ring-shaped first permanent magnet 8 in FIG. 1 is replaced in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 by a first permanent magnet in the form of a flat magnet 40, which is fixed between two magnetically conductive supports 41, 42 in such a way that each of its poles on one of the supports 41 , 42 is present.
  • the cross section of both supports 41, 42 has the shape of a circular section, the flat magnet 40 being clamped between a flat side 38 of the support 41 and a flat side 39 of the support 42.
  • the support 41 is designed as an extension of the inner core 3 in the direction away from the valve seat 21, so that the flat side 38 runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inner core 3.
  • the support 42 is part of a cover 50 fixed to the end face of the outer core 1 facing away from the valve seat 21 and extends in the direction of the inner core 3.
  • This cover like the outer core 1, is made of soft magnetic material and is part of both the electromagnetic circuit and that of the flat magnet 40 induced magnetic circuit.
  • a connection reducing the magnetic resistance within the electromagnetic circuit as is given in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 by ring 9 and annular gap 10, can then be omitted if the flat magnet 40 in the north-south direction between the flat sides 38, 39 of the Supports 41, 42 are made sufficiently narrow.
  • ring-shaped permanent magnets 8, 14 can only be purchased at a very high cost at the time of the invention, it is proposed to replace a ring magnet by an arrangement of a plurality of individual magnets which approximately forms a circular shape.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which six rectangular magnets 60 are arranged on a carrier body 61 made of soft magnetic material.
  • the circumference of the carrier body 61 is designed as an equilateral polygon and here has, for example, six contact surfaces 62, on each of which one of the magnets 60 is arranged. All right corner magnets 60 are polarized in the same direction in the radial direction.
  • the magnets 60 can be individually separated without the aid of a carrier body between the inner core 3 and insert the outer core 1.
  • the inner core 3 is designed with a cylindrical cross section.
  • the arrangement of the individual magnets 60 manufactured in the manner described above between the inner core 3 and the outer core 1 results in a quasi-annular permanent magnet magnetized in the radial direction.
  • the form of a hexagonal arrangement of the rectangular magnets 60 described for example can be transferred to any equilateral polygons.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Electro-aimant, notamment pour commander une soupape injectrice de carburant pour installations d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne, et comportant un induit (15), un noyau intérieur (3) en matériau magnétique doux, une bobine d'aimant (6) entourant le noyau intérieur (3), ainsi qu'au moins un aimant permanent (8, 14, 40, 60), électro-aimant caractérisé en ce que:
- entre le noyau intérieur (3) entouré par la bobine d'aimant (63) et un noyau extérieur (1), constitué en matériau magnétique doux et enveloppant, tout au moins partiellement, la bobine d'aimant (6), sont montés, d'un côté de la bobine d'aimant (6) un premier aimant permanent (8, 40, 60) et de l'autre côté de la bobine d'aimant (6) un second aimant permanent (14, 60);
- au moins le second aimant permanent (14, 60) est constitué de forme annulaire et magnétisé en direction radiale;
- entre le noyau extérieur (1) et l'induit (15) est formé un premier entrefer de travail (18), et entre le noyau intérieur (3) et l'induit (15) est formé un second entrefer de travail (19); et
- les aimants permanents (8, 14, 40, 60) sont polarisés de telle manière, que leurs champs magnétiques à l'endroit des entrefers de travail (18, 19) s'étendent en opposition au champ électro-magnétique induit par la bobine d'aimant (6).
2. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les intensités des champs magnétiques produits par les aimants permanents (8, 14, 40, 60), et l'intensité du champ électromagnétique produit par la bobine d'aimant (6) se compensent mutuellement dans la zone du premier entrefer de travail (18) et du second entrefer de travail (19) pour compenser une intensité de champ nette de zéro.
3. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'également le premier aimant permanent (8) est constitué de forme annulaire et magnétisé en direction radiale.
4. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier aimant permanent est un aimant plat (40) magnétisé perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du noyau intérieur (3).
5. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le premier aimant permanent (40) s'applique par l'un des pôles contre une face plate (38), du noyau intérieur (3), qui s'étend parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal du noyau intérieur (3), et par l'autre pôle contre une face plate (39) d'un appui (42) conducteur magnétique, qui fait partie d'un couvercle (50), conducteur magnétique, menant au noyau extérieur (1).
6. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le noyau extérieur (1) comporte deux ouvertures (51) situées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre, par lesquelles le premier aimant permanent (40) peut être amené dans la zone d'influence d'un champ magnétique appliqué de l'extérieur.
7. Electro-aimant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (8, 14) de forme annulaire est formé à partir d'un corps de support (61) en matériau magnétique doux, dont le pourtour, constitué sous la forme de polygone à côtés égaux, présente au moins six surfaces d'appui (62), contre chacune desquelles s'applique un aimant (60) de forme rectangulaire, magnétisé en direction radiale, et dont la surface (63) située à l'opposé du corps de support (61) s'étend en forme d'arc de cercle.
8. Electro-aimant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (8, 14) de forme annulaire est remplacé par plusieurs aimants (60), qui sont insérés entre le noyau intérieur (3) et le noyau extérieur (1) de manière qu'ils s'appliquent chaque fois par une surface intérieure, qui est en même temps l'un des pôles magnétiques de l'un des aimants (60), contre le pourtour du noyau intérieur (3), et qu'ils s'appliquent par une surface extérieure (63), qui est en même temps l'autre pôle magnétique de l'un des aimants (60), contre la face intérieure du noyau extérieur (1).
EP86106472A 1985-06-05 1986-05-13 Electroaimant Expired EP0204181B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853520142 DE3520142A1 (de) 1985-06-05 1985-06-05 Elektromagnet
DE3520142 1985-06-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204181A1 EP0204181A1 (fr) 1986-12-10
EP0204181B1 true EP0204181B1 (fr) 1989-09-27

Family

ID=6272492

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86106472A Expired EP0204181B1 (fr) 1985-06-05 1986-05-13 Electroaimant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4660011A (fr)
EP (1) EP0204181B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61287204A (fr)
DE (2) DE3520142A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103975157A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2014-08-06 大陆汽车有限公司 用于控制阀的阀组件和控制阀

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5190223A (en) * 1988-10-10 1993-03-02 Siemens Automotive L.P. Electromagnetic fuel injector with cartridge embodiment
DE3834446A1 (de) * 1988-10-10 1990-04-12 Mesenich Gerhard Elektromagnetisches einspritzventil in patronenbauweise
US5405050A (en) * 1993-10-27 1995-04-11 Nordson Corporation Electric dispenser
DE10039076A1 (de) 2000-08-10 2002-02-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6791442B1 (en) 2003-11-21 2004-09-14 Trombetta, Llc Magnetic latching solenoid
US20060272714A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Conrado Carrillo Magnetic circuit design for linear actuator with small coil diameter
EP2064472B1 (fr) * 2006-09-07 2016-08-31 Fluid Automation Systems S.A. Soupape bistable
EP1975486B1 (fr) * 2007-03-28 2014-12-03 Fillon Technologies (SAS Société par Actions Simplifiée) Valve de dosage
DE102010015514A1 (de) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Svm Schultz Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Verriegelungseinheit
US9368266B2 (en) 2014-07-18 2016-06-14 Trumpet Holdings, Inc. Electric solenoid structure having elastomeric biasing member
EP3034853B1 (fr) * 2014-12-15 2018-05-23 Continental Automotive GmbH Ensemble de bobine et soupape d'injection de fluide
EP3064757B1 (fr) * 2015-03-05 2018-11-14 Continental Automotive GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un injecteur pour fluide et ledit injecteur
EP3141736A1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-15 Continental Automotive GmbH Groupe d'alimentation pour un injecteur de carburant et injecteur de carburant
CN105927436B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2019-04-19 哈尔滨工程大学 自锁式电磁控制喷油器

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US2708245A (en) * 1950-03-22 1955-05-10 Signal Engineering & Mfg Co Alternating current vibratory device
US3091725A (en) * 1958-08-28 1963-05-28 American Radiator & Standard Electro-magnetic device
DE1165224B (de) * 1960-02-12 1964-03-12 Walker O S Co Inc Dauermagnethebevorrichtung
US3316514A (en) * 1965-03-29 1967-04-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fail safe electro-magnetic lifting device with safety-stop means
US4072918A (en) * 1976-12-01 1978-02-07 Regdon Corporation Bistable electromagnetic actuator
DE3139949A1 (de) * 1981-02-26 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen
JPH0134326Y2 (fr) * 1981-04-22 1989-10-19
DE3336011A1 (de) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103975157A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2014-08-06 大陆汽车有限公司 用于控制阀的阀组件和控制阀

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3520142A1 (de) 1986-12-11
DE3665956D1 (en) 1989-11-02
US4660011A (en) 1987-04-21
EP0204181A1 (fr) 1986-12-10
JPS61287204A (ja) 1986-12-17

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