EP0203929A1 - Installation de depuration des gaz - Google Patents

Installation de depuration des gaz

Info

Publication number
EP0203929A1
EP0203929A1 EP85904237A EP85904237A EP0203929A1 EP 0203929 A1 EP0203929 A1 EP 0203929A1 EP 85904237 A EP85904237 A EP 85904237A EP 85904237 A EP85904237 A EP 85904237A EP 0203929 A1 EP0203929 A1 EP 0203929A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
electrode
electrodes
coagulator
wire mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85904237A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Karr
Gerhard BRÜGGEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0203929A1 publication Critical patent/EP0203929A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such a device has already been proposed, the field gradient of an electrical high-voltage field being used to suck the particles out of the gas stream. (P 33 24 886.9).
  • FIG. 1 shows a concentric arrangement of a plurality of electrodes which are partly at ground potential and partly at positive high-voltage potential.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show sections of the electrodes with a wire mesh and a finely perforated sheet.
  • An arrow 10 in FIG. 1 indicates a gas stream which is to be cleaned of particles or droplets.
  • This is preferably the exhaust gas flow from combustion processes of fossil fuels, preferably in diesel engines, the exhaust gases of which, in particular, are to be cleaned of soot particles.
  • the gas flow according to arrow 10 enters a metallic housing 12 of a coagulator 18 via a connecting piece 1 1a and leaves it, as indicated by arrow 13, via a connecting piece 1 1b.
  • the housing 12 is at ground potential. It preferably has a hollow cylindrical shape and houses further, concentrically arranged cylinder electrodes. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, there is initially a positive cylinder electrode 14 in the housing, within which a negative cylinder electrode 15 is arranged.
  • the positive pole of the high-voltage source is denoted by 16, the negative pole, which is connected to ground, with the reference character 17.
  • a mechanical separator 21 for example a cyclone, is flanged, which the cleaned gases 26 and the separated particles Leave 27 separately.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b The shape of the electrodes 1 4 and 15 is shown schematically in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • Figure 2a shows a wire mesh 19, which is made of individual wires 20.
  • the wires have a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
  • FIG. 2b shows a perforated sheet which is particularly suitable for producing the electrodes instead of the wire mesh according to FIG. 2a.
  • the hole diameters are designated 23, the hole spacing 24.
  • the hole diameter and the hole spacing are between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
  • the sheet thickness or the wire thickness are selected so that the electrodes are self-supporting and do not require an additional support structure.
  • the device according to the invention can be used to eliminate all particles and droplets with a dielectric constant which is substantially greater than 1.
  • the measurement of the dielectric constant of soot particles from diesel engine exhaust gases gave a dielectric constant number of approximately 100.
  • the influenced dipoles, in which polarization of the charges takes place without discharge in the electric field settle on the metallic electrodes 14 and 15.
  • the flow velocity of the gases should be relatively low and should preferably not exceed a value of ⁇ 1 m / s. If the electrical dipoles are located close to the surface of a charged electrode 16, the dipole experiences an acceleration towards the surface.
  • the negative pole of the dipole faces the positive electrode surface and vice versa.
  • Soot particles have predominantly rod-shaped geometry, which is why the particles align themselves easily in the electric field.
  • adhesive forces hold the particle at one end of the rod.
  • the carbon of soot particles is an electrical semiconductor.
  • the free rod end of the soot particles then has the same charge as the electrode surface itself. The repulsive effect due to the electrical charges of the same name is canceled out by the adhesive forces.
  • the attachment process on the positive and on the negative electrodes takes place in addition to a coagulation process within the gas stream, where further particles accumulate to form larger agglomerates due to their dipole forces.
  • the device has a particularly high efficiency, i.e. that a large number of large agglomerates 27 are formed in a relatively small space, which can be separated in the downstream mechanical separator 21 after leaving the coagulator 18 through the nozzle 11b with little effort.
  • the device can be used not only for soot particles but also for other particles or droplets with a sufficiently high dielectric constant.
  • the device can also be used to separate droplets, especially water droplets in which other substances are dissolved, e.g. for separating water droplets that escape as aerosols from cleaning systems.
  • the device according to the invention with electrodes 1 4, 15 made of a wire mesh 19 or a finely perforated sheet 22 has the advantage that the growth rate of the deposited particles on the electrode surfaces is high and the overall agglomeration rate is increased considerably. Compared to smooth electrode surfaces increases due to of the inhomogeneous field on the wire radii and / or the edges of the perforated plate, the interaction between the electrode surface and the particles to be separated, so that the

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

On propose une installation pour débarasser des gaz de particules ou gouttelettes, notamment pour des gaz d'échappement lors de la combustion de carburants d'origine fossile spécialement pour des moteurs diesel. Dans le coagulateur (18), on trouve des électrodes cylindriques coaxiales (14, 15) en grillage tissé (20) ou en tôle percée (22). De telles électrodes engendrent un champ électrique fortement inhomogène ainsi que des tourbillons en raison de la géométrie du grillage ou de la tôle, ce qui facilite l'enlèvement des particules de suie et amplifie l'effet de précipitation.
EP85904237A 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Installation de depuration des gaz Withdrawn EP0203929A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843445407 DE3445407A1 (de) 1984-12-13 1984-12-13 Vorrichtung zum reinigen von gasen
DE3445407 1984-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203929A1 true EP0203929A1 (fr) 1986-12-10

Family

ID=6252631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85904237A Withdrawn EP0203929A1 (fr) 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Installation de depuration des gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0203929A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3445407A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986003553A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3723544A1 (de) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Man Technologie Gmbh Elektrostatischer filter zum reinigen von gasen
DE3805395A1 (de) * 1988-02-20 1989-08-31 Man Technologie Gmbh Elektrostatischer dieselpartikelfilter
US4979364A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-25 Fleck Carl M Diesel fuel exhaust gas filter
IT1230455B (it) * 1989-02-10 1991-10-23 Sviluppo Materiali Spa Dispositivo per l'abbattimento del particolato nei gas di combustione
GB9605574D0 (en) * 1996-03-16 1996-05-15 Mountain Breeze Ltd Treatment of particulate pollutants
US5953909A (en) * 1998-08-03 1999-09-21 Waltrip, Iii; Owen R. Combustor for unspent exhaust from an internal combustion engine
FR2911633B1 (fr) * 2007-01-22 2009-03-06 Renault Sas Dispositif de filtre electrostatique pour la capture et la destruction de particules de suie contenues dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion.
CN104162335B (zh) * 2014-08-22 2016-03-30 成都代代吉前瞻科技股份有限公司 一种高效电袋复合式除尘器
CN108561208A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-21 中国计量大学 一种汽车尾气净化装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR60056B (en) * 1975-04-07 1978-04-04 Dart Ind Inc Apparatus of electrostatic precipitation of wet wall,with electrodes
DE3019991A1 (de) * 1980-05-24 1981-12-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zur entfernung von festen bestandteilen aus dem abgas von brennkraftmaschinen insbesondere von russbestandteilen
DE3238793C2 (de) * 1982-10-20 1986-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen
DE3314170A1 (de) * 1983-04-19 1984-10-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen von gasen von leitfaehigen partikeln
DE3314168C2 (de) * 1983-04-19 1986-07-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen von elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8603553A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986003553A1 (fr) 1986-06-19
DE3445407A1 (de) 1986-06-19

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Inventor name: KARR, DIETER

Inventor name: BRUEGGEN, GERHARD