EP0203929A1 - Gas purification device - Google Patents

Gas purification device

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Publication number
EP0203929A1
EP0203929A1 EP85904237A EP85904237A EP0203929A1 EP 0203929 A1 EP0203929 A1 EP 0203929A1 EP 85904237 A EP85904237 A EP 85904237A EP 85904237 A EP85904237 A EP 85904237A EP 0203929 A1 EP0203929 A1 EP 0203929A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
electrode
electrodes
coagulator
wire mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85904237A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dieter Karr
Gerhard BRÜGGEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0203929A1 publication Critical patent/EP0203929A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such a device has already been proposed, the field gradient of an electrical high-voltage field being used to suck the particles out of the gas stream. (P 33 24 886.9).
  • FIG. 1 shows a concentric arrangement of a plurality of electrodes which are partly at ground potential and partly at positive high-voltage potential.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show sections of the electrodes with a wire mesh and a finely perforated sheet.
  • An arrow 10 in FIG. 1 indicates a gas stream which is to be cleaned of particles or droplets.
  • This is preferably the exhaust gas flow from combustion processes of fossil fuels, preferably in diesel engines, the exhaust gases of which, in particular, are to be cleaned of soot particles.
  • the gas flow according to arrow 10 enters a metallic housing 12 of a coagulator 18 via a connecting piece 1 1a and leaves it, as indicated by arrow 13, via a connecting piece 1 1b.
  • the housing 12 is at ground potential. It preferably has a hollow cylindrical shape and houses further, concentrically arranged cylinder electrodes. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, there is initially a positive cylinder electrode 14 in the housing, within which a negative cylinder electrode 15 is arranged.
  • the positive pole of the high-voltage source is denoted by 16, the negative pole, which is connected to ground, with the reference character 17.
  • a mechanical separator 21 for example a cyclone, is flanged, which the cleaned gases 26 and the separated particles Leave 27 separately.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b The shape of the electrodes 1 4 and 15 is shown schematically in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • Figure 2a shows a wire mesh 19, which is made of individual wires 20.
  • the wires have a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
  • FIG. 2b shows a perforated sheet which is particularly suitable for producing the electrodes instead of the wire mesh according to FIG. 2a.
  • the hole diameters are designated 23, the hole spacing 24.
  • the hole diameter and the hole spacing are between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
  • the sheet thickness or the wire thickness are selected so that the electrodes are self-supporting and do not require an additional support structure.
  • the device according to the invention can be used to eliminate all particles and droplets with a dielectric constant which is substantially greater than 1.
  • the measurement of the dielectric constant of soot particles from diesel engine exhaust gases gave a dielectric constant number of approximately 100.
  • the influenced dipoles, in which polarization of the charges takes place without discharge in the electric field settle on the metallic electrodes 14 and 15.
  • the flow velocity of the gases should be relatively low and should preferably not exceed a value of ⁇ 1 m / s. If the electrical dipoles are located close to the surface of a charged electrode 16, the dipole experiences an acceleration towards the surface.
  • the negative pole of the dipole faces the positive electrode surface and vice versa.
  • Soot particles have predominantly rod-shaped geometry, which is why the particles align themselves easily in the electric field.
  • adhesive forces hold the particle at one end of the rod.
  • the carbon of soot particles is an electrical semiconductor.
  • the free rod end of the soot particles then has the same charge as the electrode surface itself. The repulsive effect due to the electrical charges of the same name is canceled out by the adhesive forces.
  • the attachment process on the positive and on the negative electrodes takes place in addition to a coagulation process within the gas stream, where further particles accumulate to form larger agglomerates due to their dipole forces.
  • the device has a particularly high efficiency, i.e. that a large number of large agglomerates 27 are formed in a relatively small space, which can be separated in the downstream mechanical separator 21 after leaving the coagulator 18 through the nozzle 11b with little effort.
  • the device can be used not only for soot particles but also for other particles or droplets with a sufficiently high dielectric constant.
  • the device can also be used to separate droplets, especially water droplets in which other substances are dissolved, e.g. for separating water droplets that escape as aerosols from cleaning systems.
  • the device according to the invention with electrodes 1 4, 15 made of a wire mesh 19 or a finely perforated sheet 22 has the advantage that the growth rate of the deposited particles on the electrode surfaces is high and the overall agglomeration rate is increased considerably. Compared to smooth electrode surfaces increases due to of the inhomogeneous field on the wire radii and / or the edges of the perforated plate, the interaction between the electrode surface and the particles to be separated, so that the

Abstract

On propose une installation pour débarasser des gaz de particules ou gouttelettes, notamment pour des gaz d'échappement lors de la combustion de carburants d'origine fossile spécialement pour des moteurs diesel. Dans le coagulateur (18), on trouve des électrodes cylindriques coaxiales (14, 15) en grillage tissé (20) ou en tôle percée (22). De telles électrodes engendrent un champ électrique fortement inhomogène ainsi que des tourbillons en raison de la géométrie du grillage ou de la tôle, ce qui facilite l'enlèvement des particules de suie et amplifie l'effet de précipitation.An installation is proposed for removing gases from particles or droplets, in particular for exhaust gases during the combustion of fuels of fossil origin, especially for diesel engines. In the coagulator (18), there are coaxial cylindrical electrodes (14, 15) of woven mesh (20) or of perforated sheet (22). Such electrodes generate a highly inhomogeneous electric field as well as vortices due to the geometry of the mesh or of the sheet, which facilitates the removal of the soot particles and amplifies the effect of precipitation.

Description

Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von GasenDevice for cleaning gases
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, wobei der Feldgradient eines elektrischen Hochspannungsfeldes genutzt wird um die Partikel aus dem Gasstrom abzusaugen. (P 33 24 886.9).The invention relates to a device for cleaning gases according to the preamble of the main claim. Such a device has already been proposed, the field gradient of an electrical high-voltage field being used to suck the particles out of the gas stream. (P 33 24 886.9).
Aus der DE-OS 32 38 793 ist es grundsätzlich bekannt, elektrisch leitfähige oder halbleitende Partikel wie Ruß und dgl. durch Influenz oder Polarisation in einem Hochspannungsfeld unterhalb der Ionisationsfeldstärke zu elektrischen Dipolen zu formen, welche sich dann zu größeren Agglomeraten zusammenlagern und hierdurch in einer nachgeschalteten mechanischen Abscheidevorrichtung aufgrund ihrer vergrößerten Masse relativ leicht abgeschieden werden können. Eine derartige Anordnung arbeitet grundsätzlich zufriedenstellend, jedoch soll durch gezielte Maßnahmen die Koagulationsrate noch gesteigert werden, so daß man eine entsprechende Vorrichtung mit kleinerem Volumen bei gleicher Abscheidungsrate bauen kann. Dies erreicht man durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung erzielt man durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen. Hierbei hat sich insbesondere eine konzentrische Anordnung hohlzylindriger Elektroden bewährt, bei denen der Drahtdurchmesser eines Drahtgeflechtes, bzw. die Lochdurchmesser und Lochabstände eines feingelochten Bleches in den genannten Grenzen bewegen.From DE-OS 32 38 793 it is known in principle to form electrically conductive or semiconducting particles such as soot and the like by means of influence or polarization in a high voltage field below the ionization field strength to form electrical dipoles, which then assemble into larger agglomerates and thereby in one downstream mechanical separator can be separated relatively easily due to their increased mass. Such an arrangement works in principle satisfactorily, but should by targeted Measures the coagulation rate can be increased so that you can build a corresponding device with a smaller volume at the same deposition rate. This is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments and improvements of the invention are achieved by the measures listed in the subclaims. A concentric arrangement of hollow cylindrical electrodes, in which the wire diameter of a wire mesh, or the hole diameter and hole spacing of a finely perforated sheet, move within the limits mentioned, has proven particularly useful.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt eine konzentrische Anordnung mehrerer Elektroden, welche teilweise auf Massepotential und teilweise auf positivem Hochspannungspotential liegen. Die Figuren 2a und 2b zeigen Ausschnitte aus den Elektroden mit einem Drahtgeflecht und einem feingelochten Blech.Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows a concentric arrangement of a plurality of electrodes which are partly at ground potential and partly at positive high-voltage potential. Figures 2a and 2b show sections of the electrodes with a wire mesh and a finely perforated sheet.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
In Figur 1 ist durch einen Pfeil 10 ein Gasstrom angedeutet, welcher von Teilchen oder Tröpfchen gereinigt werden soll. Hierbei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um den Abgasstrom aus Verbrennungsprozessen fossiler Brennstoffe, vorzugsweise in Dieselmotoren, deren Abgase insbesondere von Rußpartikeln gereinigt werden sollen. Der Gasstrom gemäß Pfeil 10 tritt über einen Anschlußstutzen 1 1a in ein metalisches Gehäuse 12 eines Koagulators 18 ein und verläßt dieses, wie mit dem Pfeil 13 angedeutet, über einen Anschlußstutzen 1 1b. Das Gehäuse 12 liegt auf Massepotential. Es hat vorzugsweise eine hohlzylindrige Gestalt und beherbergt weitere, konzentrisch angeordnete Zylinderelektroden. Im Gehäuse liegt bei der Ausführung gemäß Abbildung 1 zunächst eine positive Zylinderelektrode 14, innerhalb derer eine negative Zylinderelektrode 15 angeordnet ist. Der positive Pol der Hochspannungsquelle ist mit 16 bezeichnet, der negative Pol, welcher auf Masse liegt, mit dem Bezugs zeichen 17. An den Anschlußstutzen 1 1b ist ein mechanischer Abscheider 21, z.B. ein Zyklon angeflanscht, den die gereinigten Gase 26 und die abgeschiedenen Partikel 27 getrennt verlassen.An arrow 10 in FIG. 1 indicates a gas stream which is to be cleaned of particles or droplets. This is preferably the exhaust gas flow from combustion processes of fossil fuels, preferably in diesel engines, the exhaust gases of which, in particular, are to be cleaned of soot particles. The gas flow according to arrow 10 enters a metallic housing 12 of a coagulator 18 via a connecting piece 1 1a and leaves it, as indicated by arrow 13, via a connecting piece 1 1b. The housing 12 is at ground potential. It preferably has a hollow cylindrical shape and houses further, concentrically arranged cylinder electrodes. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, there is initially a positive cylinder electrode 14 in the housing, within which a negative cylinder electrode 15 is arranged. The positive pole of the high-voltage source is denoted by 16, the negative pole, which is connected to ground, with the reference character 17. At the connecting piece 1 1b, a mechanical separator 21, for example a cyclone, is flanged, which the cleaned gases 26 and the separated particles Leave 27 separately.
In den Figuren 2a und 2b ist schematisch die Gestalt der Elektroden 1 4 und 15 gezeichnet. Figur 2a zeigt ein Drahtgeflecht 19, welches aus Einzeldrähten 20 hergestellt ist. Die Drähte haben einen Durchmesser von ca. 0,3 mm bis 1 mm. Figur 2b zeigt ein gelochtes Blech, welches anstelle des Drahtgeflechtes gemäß Figur 2a zur Herstellung der Elektroden besonders geeignet ist. Die Lochdurchmesser sind darin mit 23, die Lochabstände mit 24 bezeichnet. Günstige Verhältnisse haben sich ergeben, wenn die Lochdurchmesser und die Lochabstände zwischen 1 mm und 10 mm liegen, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 mm und 5 mm. Die Blechstärke, bzw. die Drahtdicke sind so gewählt, daß die Elektroden selbsttragend sind und kein zusätzliches Stützgerüst benötigen.The shape of the electrodes 1 4 and 15 is shown schematically in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Figure 2a shows a wire mesh 19, which is made of individual wires 20. The wires have a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm to 1 mm. FIG. 2b shows a perforated sheet which is particularly suitable for producing the electrodes instead of the wire mesh according to FIG. 2a. The hole diameters are designated 23, the hole spacing 24. Favorable conditions have arisen if the hole diameter and the hole spacing are between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm. The sheet thickness or the wire thickness are selected so that the electrodes are self-supporting and do not require an additional support structure.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist verwendbar zur Eliminierung aller Teilchen und Tröpfchen mit einer Dielektrizitätszahl, welche wesentlich größer ist als 1. Die Messung der Dielektrizität szahl von Rußpartikeln aus Dieselmotor-Abgasen ergab eine Dielektrikzitäts zahl von ungefähr 100. Innerhalb des Gehäuses 12 setzen sich die influenzierten Dipole, bei denen ohne Entladung im elektrischen Feld eine Polarisation der Ladungen stattfindet, an den metallischen Elektroden 14 und 15 ab. Die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Gase sollte hierbei relativ klein sein und vorzugsweise einen Wert < 1 m/s nicht überschreiten. Befinden sich die elektrischen Dipole dicht vor der Oberfläche einer geladenen Elektrode 16, so erfährt der Dipol eine Beschleunigung zur Oberfläche hin. Der negative Pol des Dipoles ist dabei der positiven Elektrodenoberfläche zugewendet und umgekehrt.The device according to the invention can be used to eliminate all particles and droplets with a dielectric constant which is substantially greater than 1. The measurement of the dielectric constant of soot particles from diesel engine exhaust gases gave a dielectric constant number of approximately 100. Within the housing 12, the influenced dipoles, in which polarization of the charges takes place without discharge in the electric field, settle on the metallic electrodes 14 and 15. The flow velocity of the gases should be relatively low and should preferably not exceed a value of <1 m / s. If the electrical dipoles are located close to the surface of a charged electrode 16, the dipole experiences an acceleration towards the surface. The negative pole of the dipole faces the positive electrode surface and vice versa.
Rußpartikel besitzen überwiegend stäbchenförmige Geometrie, weshalb die Teilchen sich im elektrischen Feld leicht ausrichten. Beim Auftreffen eines Teilchens auf der Elektrode 1 4 halten Adhäsionskräfte das Teilchen an einem Stabende fest. Hierbei findet teilweise ein Ladungsaustausch statt, da der Kohlenstoff von Rußpartikeln ein elektrischer Halbleiter ist. Das freie Stabende der Rußpartikel besitzt dann die gleiche Ladung wie die Elektrodenoberfläche selbst. Die abstoßende Wirkung aufgrund der gleichnamigen elektrischen Ladungen wird durch die Adhäsionskräfte aufgehoben.Soot particles have predominantly rod-shaped geometry, which is why the particles align themselves easily in the electric field. When a particle hits the electrode 1 4, adhesive forces hold the particle at one end of the rod. In some cases there is a charge exchange because the carbon of soot particles is an electrical semiconductor. The free rod end of the soot particles then has the same charge as the electrode surface itself. The repulsive effect due to the electrical charges of the same name is canceled out by the adhesive forces.
Am freien Ende der auf der Oberfläche einer Zylinderelektrode 14 angelagerten Rußpartikel entsteht ein starkes inhomogenes Feld wegen des sehr kleinen Krümmungsradius des stabförmigen Partikels von ungefähr 40 nm. In diesem inhomogenen elektrischen Feld werden nun die benachbarten Dipole zum Ort der größten Feldstärke beschleunigt, so daß sich die nächsten Teilchen am freien Ende des auf der Elektrode 14 sitzenden Rußpartikels anlagern. Dieser Mechanismus führt zum raschen An wachsen eines turmartigen Gebildes auf der Elektrode 14. Der Wachstumsprozess endet, wenn die Ablösekräfte des strömenden Gases 10, 13 auf das Rußagglomerat größer als die adhäsiven Haftkräfte zwischen der Elektrode 14 und den Rußagglomeraten sind. Diese werden weggespült und ein neuer Anlagerungsprozeß kann beginnen.At the free end of the soot particles deposited on the surface of a cylinder electrode 14, a strong inhomogeneous field arises because of the very small radius of curvature of the rod-shaped particle of approximately 40 nm. In this inhomogeneous electrical field, the neighboring dipoles are now accelerated to the location of the greatest field strength, so that deposit the next particles at the free end of the soot particle sitting on the electrode 14. This mechanism leads to rapid initiation growing a tower-like structure on the electrode 14. The growth process ends when the release forces of the flowing gas 10, 13 on the soot agglomerate are greater than the adhesive forces between the electrode 14 and the soot agglomerates. These are washed away and a new attachment process can begin.
Der Anlagerungsprozeß an den positiven und an den negativen Elektroden erfolgt zusätzlich zu einem Koagulationsprozeß innerhalb des Gasstromes, wo sich aufgrund ihrer Dipolkräfte wei t ere Part ikel zu größeren Agglomeraten zus ammenlagern . Auf diese Weise erhält die Vorrichtung einen besonders hohen Wirkungsgrad, d.h., daß auf relativ kleinem Raum eine große Anzahl großer Agglomerate 27 entsteht, welche in dem nachgeschalteten mechanischen Abscheider 21 nach dem Verlassen des Koagulators 18 durch den Stutzen 11b mit geringem Aufwand abgeschieden werden können.The attachment process on the positive and on the negative electrodes takes place in addition to a coagulation process within the gas stream, where further particles accumulate to form larger agglomerates due to their dipole forces. In this way, the device has a particularly high efficiency, i.e. that a large number of large agglomerates 27 are formed in a relatively small space, which can be separated in the downstream mechanical separator 21 after leaving the coagulator 18 through the nozzle 11b with little effort.
Die Vorrichtung ist nicht nur für Rußpartikel verwendbar sondern auch für andere Teilchen oder Tröpfchen mit ausreichend großer Dielektrizitätskonstanten. Beispielsweise kann die Vorrichtung auch benutzt werden zum Abscheiden von Tröpfchen, insbesondere von Wassertröpfchen, in denen andere Stoffe gelöst sind, z.B. zum Abscheiden von Wassertröpfchen, die als Aerosole aus Reinigungsanlagen entweichen.The device can be used not only for soot particles but also for other particles or droplets with a sufficiently high dielectric constant. For example, the device can also be used to separate droplets, especially water droplets in which other substances are dissolved, e.g. for separating water droplets that escape as aerosols from cleaning systems.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit Elektroden 1 4 , 15 aus einem Drahtgeflecht 19 oder einem feingelochten Blech 22 hat den Vorteil, daß die Wachstumsrate der angelagerten Partikel auf den Elektrodenoberflächen hoch ist und die gesamte Agglomerationsrate beträchtlich gesteigert wird. Gegenüber glatten Elektrodenflachen erhöht sich aufgrund des inhomogenen Feldes an den Drahtradien und/oder den Kanten des Lochbleches die Wechselwirkung zwischen Elektrodenoberfläche und abzuscheidenden Partikeln, so daß dasThe device according to the invention with electrodes 1 4, 15 made of a wire mesh 19 or a finely perforated sheet 22 has the advantage that the growth rate of the deposited particles on the electrode surfaces is high and the overall agglomeration rate is increased considerably. Compared to smooth electrode surfaces increases due to of the inhomogeneous field on the wire radii and / or the edges of the perforated plate, the interaction between the electrode surface and the particles to be separated, so that the
Anlagerungswachstum beschleunigt wird. Darüber hinaus bilden sich bei der vorgeschlagenen Elektrodenausbildung Strömungswirbel in dem zu reinigenden Gas, welche die Ablösung der stabförmigen Agglomerate von den Elektrodenoberflächen verbessern. Eine ungewollte übermäßige Ablagerung der Partikel auf den Elektroden 14 und 15 unterbleibt.Accretion growth is accelerated. In addition, with the proposed electrode formation, flow vortices form in the gas to be cleaned, which improve the detachment of the rod-shaped agglomerates from the electrode surfaces. An unwanted excessive deposition of the particles on the electrodes 14 and 15 does not occur.
Aufgrund des Strömungsprofils in der hohlzylindrigen Anordnung, bei dem die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit entlang der Elektroden wesentlich niedriger ist als in Strömungsmitte, können durch einfache Versuche günstige Abmessungen und eine optimierte Geometrie der Vorrichtung geschaffen werden. Die Feldstärke innerhalb der Vorrichtung bleibt trotz kleiner Krümmungsradien an den Elektroden unterhalb der Ionisationsfeldstärke, der verhältnismäßig geringfügige Ladungstransport durch die Ablösung geladener Teilchen ist vernachlässigbar. Messungen hierzu haben ergeben, daß die gesamte Verlustleistung nur in der Größenordnung von etwa 1 Watt liegt. Due to the flow profile in the hollow-cylindrical arrangement, in which the flow velocity along the electrodes is significantly lower than in the middle of the flow, simple dimensions and an optimized geometry of the device can be created by simple tests. The field strength within the device remains below the ionization field strength, despite the small radii of curvature at the electrodes, the relatively minor charge transport by the detachment of charged particles is negligible. Measurements have shown that the total power loss is only in the order of about 1 watt.

Claims

An sprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen von Teilchen oder Tröpfchen, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Abgasen fossiler Brennstoffe, vorzugsweise von Dieselmotoren, mit einem mechanischen Abscheider und einem vorgeschalteten Koagulator; zwischen dessen mit Durchbrüchen versehenen Elektroden ein elektrisches Hochspannungsfeld anliegt, vorzugsweise ein stationäres Hochspannungsfeld, mit einer Feldstärke unterhalb der Ionisationsfeldstärke, unter dessen Einwirkung die Partikel zu größeren Agglomeraten ko-agulieren, insbesondere nach Patentanmeldung P 33 24 886.9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Elektrode ( 14 , 15) aus einem Drahtgeflecht (19) oder einem feingelochten Blech (22) gebildet ist.1. Device for cleaning gases from particles or droplets, in particular for cleaning exhaust gases of fossil fuels, preferably diesel engines, with a mechanical separator and an upstream coagulator; there is an electrical high-voltage field between the electrodes provided with openings, preferably a stationary high-voltage field, with a field strength below the ionization field strength, under the influence of which the particles co-interact to form larger agglomerates, in particular according to patent application P 33 24 886.9, characterized in that at least one electrode (14, 15) from a wire mesh (19) or a finely perforated sheet (22) is formed.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb eines auf Massepotential liegenden metallischen Gehäuses (12) des Koagulators (18) wenigstens eine hohlzylindrige, ebenfalls auf Massepotential liegende Elektrode (15) und dazwischen wenigstens eine auf positivem Hochspannungspotential liegende hohlzylindrige Elektrode (14) angeordnet sind.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that within a metallic housing (12) of the coagulator (18) lying at ground potential, at least one hollow cylindrical, also at ground potential electrode (15) and in between at least one hollow cylindrical electrode (14) lying at positive high voltage potential ) are arranged.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb des Koagulator-Gehäuses (12) die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der zu reinigenden Gase (10, 13) auf einen Wert kleiner 1 m/sherabgeset zt ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that within the coagulator housing (12) the flow rate of the gases to be cleaned (10, 13) is less than 1 m / sherabgeset zt.
4 . Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden ( 14 , 15) aus selbsttragendem Drahtgeflecht (19) bestehen.4th Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrodes (14, 15) consist of self-supporting wire mesh (19).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Drahtgeflecht (19) der Elektroden ( 14 , 15) einen Drahtdurchmesser (20) von 0,3 bis 1 mm besitzt.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the wire mesh (19) of the electrodes (14, 15) has a wire diameter (20) of 0.3 to 1 mm.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochdurchmesser (23) und die Lochabstände (24) von Elektrodenblechen (22) zwischen 1 mm und 10 mm , vorzugsweise zwischen 1 mm und 5 mm liegen. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hole diameter (23) and the hole spacing (24) of electrode sheets (22) are between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
EP85904237A 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Gas purification device Withdrawn EP0203929A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3445407 1984-12-13
DE19843445407 DE3445407A1 (en) 1984-12-13 1984-12-13 DEVICE FOR CLEANING GASES

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EP0203929A1 true EP0203929A1 (en) 1986-12-10

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EP85904237A Withdrawn EP0203929A1 (en) 1984-12-13 1985-08-31 Gas purification device

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DE (1) DE3445407A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986003553A1 (en)

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DE3723544A1 (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Man Technologie Gmbh ELECTROSTATIC FILTER FOR CLEANING GASES
DE3805395A1 (en) * 1988-02-20 1989-08-31 Man Technologie Gmbh ELECTROSTATIC DIESEL PARTICLE FILTER
US4979364A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-25 Fleck Carl M Diesel fuel exhaust gas filter
IT1230455B (en) * 1989-02-10 1991-10-23 Sviluppo Materiali Spa DEVICE FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTICULATE IN COMBUSTION GASES
GB9605574D0 (en) * 1996-03-16 1996-05-15 Mountain Breeze Ltd Treatment of particulate pollutants
US5953909A (en) * 1998-08-03 1999-09-21 Waltrip, Iii; Owen R. Combustor for unspent exhaust from an internal combustion engine
FR2911633B1 (en) * 2007-01-22 2009-03-06 Renault Sas ELECTROSTATIC FILTER DEVICE FOR CAPTURING AND DESTRUCTING SOOT PARTICLES CONTAINED IN EXHAUST GASES OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE.
CN104162335B (en) * 2014-08-22 2016-03-30 成都代代吉前瞻科技股份有限公司 A kind of high-efficiency electric bag compound type dust remover
CN108561208A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-21 中国计量大学 A kind of automobile exhaust gas purifying installation

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GR60056B (en) * 1975-04-07 1978-04-04 Dart Ind Inc Apparatus of electrostatic precipitation of wet wall,with electrodes
DE3019991A1 (en) * 1980-05-24 1981-12-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING SOLID COMPONENTS FROM THE EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINE, IN PARTICULAR SOOT COMPONENTS
DE3238793C2 (en) * 1982-10-20 1986-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Method and device for cleaning gases
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DE3314168C2 (en) * 1983-04-19 1986-07-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Method and device for cleaning gases from electrically conductive particles

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WO1986003553A1 (en) 1986-06-19
DE3445407A1 (en) 1986-06-19

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