EP0202552A1 - Tridimensional unit made of mesh panels - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Space element for the construction of noise preventive walls in roads carrying traffic and industrial premises and also for reinforcing slopes and laying out spaces, which is filled with earth, with stones and/or other materials and planted and also connected with other similar elements, comprising a latticework basket (2, 3, 4) open at the top and bottom of latticework mats (8, 9) assembled from interconnected vertical and horizontal rods (11, 12, 13, 10, 19, 20), characterised in that, the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) extend to above and below the horizontal rods (10, 19, 20), both being made of steel or plastic, on both long sides of the latticework mats (8, 8', 9, 9') which are rectangular in plan, that the horizontal rods (10, 19, 20) form pivots with the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) at the corners (23) of the latticework basket (2, 3, 4), that at the corners (23) horizontally extending diagonal stiffening rods (16) provided with eyes are arranged on the vertical rods of a latticework mat (9, 8) forming one short side and one forming a long side and that vertical rods (13) arranged at the corners (23) have connecting eyes (3) or other such articulation.

Description

The invention relates to a room element for noise protection on highways and industrial plants as well as for slope fastening and interior design, which is filled with soil, stones and other materials and planted and connected to other elements.

As part of the environmental protection efforts in residential areas, so-called noise barriers are being built on busy roads. The same applies to living areas that are close to industrial plants and that are protected against the noise generated by industrial plants by means of appropriate protective walls. The simplest type of such a protective wall is that of a correspondingly high earth wall, which is built parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road or of the noise generator. Often these earth walls are planted afterwards, which provides additional sound shielding. In addition, the roots of the planting serve to secure the earth wall. The disadvantage is that such earth walls require a relatively wide strip next to the roadway due to their wide base. In particular in the living areas, the necessary space for such earth walls is often not available at all, which is why a whole series of different constructions have been developed, all of which are more or less based on the fact that with the help of load-bearing walls a construction is created, the section-like container-like rooms creates. Soil is then poured into these rooms and the entire wall is then planted. In addition to the fact that such constructions can usually only take the necessary forces from precast concrete with the appropriate height of the protective wall and are therefore very expensive to manufacture, it cannot be avoided that the earth in the relatively small, especially in the drier and warm summer months Containers dry out, causing it to die the planting comes. Such elements are known from DE-GM 77 o5 157.1, DE-GM 76 38 926.9 and AT-PS 362 3o8. In recent times, attempts have also been made to produce a kind of eco-noise barrier, which consists of a wire-shaped construction between which a garbage-sewage sludge compost is held. This compost provides the nutrient medium for the desired planting, such a wall having the advantage of also solving landfill problems for such compost. It is disadvantageous, however, that such noise barriers can only have a low height, namely around 2 m. This means that they have only a limited area of application, and additional foundation work is required to ensure that such a noise barrier is sufficiently stable to withstand wind forces. Another disadvantage is that such a noise barrier requires a separate and complex transport, especially since the compost is usually already filled in at the manufacturing plant, so that the manufacturing costs are sometimes considerably high.

The invention has for its object to provide a space-saving and lightweight, easy-to-install and variable space element, with the help of which an effective noise barrier or a protective wall can be erected.

The object is achieved in that wire mesh or plastic mesh mats are joined together to form a polygonal, open-top lattice basket, with the vertical bars preferably projecting on both sides of the horizontal bars arranged on the edge.

Such a space element is due to the chosen design advantageously easy to transport and kan.n without great effort at the site of Schutzwal ^l e The individual lattice baskets are simply placed in and next to each other and then filled with earth after each completed position and slightly compacted, so that the lattice basket as such turns out to be an advantageous armoring that creates a very steep and therefore space-saving protective wall enables. It is harmless if the soil material once filled into such a lattice basket, which is open at the top and bottom or even only at the top, is discharged in the event of rain or other erosion, because it is caught and stopped by the lattice baskets located underneath and offset from it. In addition, practically the entire outer surface of a protective wall made of such lattice baskets is available for planting, so that an overall tight protective roof, which in turn additionally stabilizes the protective wall, is achieved. The core of such lattice baskets made of earth is easily accessible for moisture, so that drying out and dying of the plants is impossible. Since the vertical bars protrude above the horizontal bars, ie beyond the edge horizontal bars, sufficient stiffening results when such lattice baskets are placed on top of one another, with the individual baskets being able to be arranged vertically one above the other and also offset from one another. Additional stiffeners can be achieved by connecting horizontal bars, one above the other, by means of clips or wire, or by bending the protruding wires, so that an intensive connection is also provided here. The possible variations are very diverse and it is possible to build not only completely uniform protective walls, but also protruding, recessed and arched protective walls. In addition to the favorable transport conditions and the low manufacturing costs, the subject of the invention is additionally distinguished by the fact that a connection remains with the natural soil, which ensures both the supply of the protective wall with water from below as well as with the bacteria and with animals such as worms. After the protective wall has been erected, there is a homogeneous whole that is completely integrated into the landscape and its structure in every respect.

According to an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the grid mats are articulated to one another at the corners. This articulated connection makes it possible to transport the entire mesh basket in the folded state, so that it requires little space and can be assembled quickly, for which it is only necessary to fold apart the individual mesh mats. Advantageously, it can be completely prepared in the manufacturing plant, with only a stiffener having to be attached at the installation site to avoid involuntary folding of the individual mesh mats.

In order to stiffen the mesh basket consisting of folded mesh mats, it is provided according to the invention that horizontally extending diagonal bracing bars provided with eyelets are placed on the vertical bars at the corners of the mesh basket. that it obtains the desired and required stiffness, which is also improved in that the individual baskets are placed on top of one another in the vertical direction and are also connected to one another. In addition, it is expedient, in the area of the greatest load on the lattice mats forming the long sides, in addition to the diagonal bracing bars, connecting bars between the Arrange vertical bars of the grid mat. As a result, bulging of these lattice mats forming the long sides is prevented without great effort, the vertical bars also being able to be attached at various points over the height.

A simple and expedient design of the mesh baskets in an articulated design is achieved according to the invention in that the horizontal bars of the mesh mats forming the short sides of the mesh basket are formed at the end to the end vertical bar of the mesh mats forming the long sides and are bent over at a distance. The bending of such mat ends is much easier than the assignment of separate individual components to such baskets. Thanks to the articulated design, the entire lattice baskets can be prepared in the manufacturing plant to such an extent that they only have to be set up at the installation site. Such training thus has the advantage that work requiring precision can be carried out with the necessary machines in the manufacturing plant, while only preparation work is required at the installation site. In principle, however, it is also possible to connect the individual lattice mats using individual components, at least for some of the connection points.

In order to prevent displacement of the grating mats forming the short sides in the joints in a simple manner, the bottom horizontal bar of the grating mat forming the short sides of the grating basket is bent at the end downward under the joint. In this simple manner, despite the necessary articulation of the grid mats with respect to one another, the high stability is given when the grid basket is set up, and displacement or slipping is prevented.

Advantageously, the manufacturing costs are kept within limits by using mesh baskets with the same dimensions. Since they are to be arranged to each other in various ways once vertically above one another, and once added, moreover, a twisted to 19o ⁰ C. placing is possible, an enormous variety of training is given of such a protective wall even if only one size. It has proven to be useful to combine lattice mats of loo x 7o or 15o x 7o mm and lattice mats of 5o x 7o mm into lattice baskets. These rectangular structures enable a domino-like arrangement in the vertical and horizontal directions and thereby an advantageous stability of the entire protective wall. It has proven to be advantageous to use two sizes, ie two lattice baskets of different lengths, since then, for example, three lattice baskets can be placed thereon at right angles to a lattice basket below, which further increases the diversity of the overall system.

In order to achieve a simple connection in such lattice baskets, which are placed on top of one another, it is provided that the vertical rods arranged at the edge are designed with connecting hooks or can be bent to form such hooks. After placing the lattice baskets on top of one another, for example, by bending the ends of the vertical bars around the respectively assigned horizontal bar of the lattice basket above and / or below them, they can be connected to one another in such a way that they form a stable whole as a whole.

To further stabilize the overall system, it is provided that the individual lattice bars have coupling rods projecting laterally over the lattice mats, which can be connected to coupling bars of adjacent lattice baskets, or that such coupling rods can subsequently be connected to lattice mats arranged opposite one another to coupling parts provided there. The simplest design is to provide locking plates at the ends of the coupling rods, which fix the coupling rod to the outer or inner mesh mat of the two adjacent mesh baskets, so that the distance between the adjacent mesh baskets is thereby predetermined. It is thus possible to connect lattice baskets to one another, which are spaced apart on the outside of an earth wall and in which the space is simply filled with soil.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the grid mats consist of horizontal and vertical bars welded together at the interfaces, the shorter vertical bars being preferably arranged on the inside of the grid basket after assembly. Such a wire mesh mat can be produced relatively inexpensively using existing devices, which can in principle be the welding mesh mat also referred to as construction mat. These must then be joined together to form mesh baskets by cutting or bending the ends of the horizontal bars.

Particularly in countries in which heavy rain or severe weather can be expected, erosion protection measures on protective walls constructed according to the invention can be increased by assigning erosion protection mats to the mesh mats, which are clipped onto the vertical bars and / or horizontal bars for this purpose. In this way, the erosion can be specifically prevented or also directed into areas where it is advantageous to solidify the entire protective wall. A simple connection of the erosion protection mats is achieved by the vertical bars in the area of the first Connection points with the horizontal bars have bends to prevent slipping on or attached erosion protection mats. The erosion protection mats are provided with suspension eyelets, whereby the erosion protection mats make it difficult for them to slip or slide out after bending outside.

The grid baskets are to be used according to the invention for the erection of protective walls of practically any size. In addition, they can also be used for slope mounting or interior design. Finally, it is also conceivable to use these lattice baskets, in particular if they are provided with a bottom, for humus formation, whereby advantageously one of the lattice mats is detachably connected to the adjacent lattice mat for emptying such lattice baskets, so that emptying takes place in the manner of a container can.

To connect adjacent and closely spaced lattice baskets, it is expedient to assign the vertical bars, preferably the vertical bars arranged at the corners, to pivotally arranged connecting clamps or wire rings. Advantageously, these connection clamps can also be used to connect the grid mats of a folded grid basket to one another for easy transportation. The connecting clamps can then be used as intended for connecting lattice baskets which are set up next to one another and filled with earth or other materials.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a space element is created that can be used very variably, both for noise barriers and for other purposes. Is specially marked this room element due to an extremely low price and not least due to its ease of transport and ease of installation. The builder of such a protective wall is given an opportunity to optimally adapt the protective wall to the existing conditions without extensive construction work. This adaptation relates both to the height of such a protective wall and to its shape as a whole. The mesh baskets can be placed vertically on top of each other or form a staggered wall, whereby there is always enough planting space due to the large open area. Apart from that, such a protective wall has a high stability and an advantageous integration into the underground or to the underground, so that an overall homogeneous system results. Drying out the core of the earth needed for planting is so much more difficult simply because of the connection to the subsoil that it can be regarded as excluded.

• Fig. 1 einen Schutzwall im Schnitt,
• Fig. 2 einen Gitterkorb in Einbaustellung in Draufsicht,
• Fig. 3 den Gitterkorb nach Fig. 2 in Transportstellung,
• Fig. 4 einen Gitterkorb in Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 5 einen Gitterkorb in Vorkopfansicht,
• Fig. 6 den Eckbereich eines Gitterkorbes in Teilansicht,
• Fig. 7 den in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Schutzwall in Draufsicht,
• Fig. 8 zwei ineinandergestapelte Gitterkörbe in senkrechter Anordnung und
• Fig. 9 zwei ineinandergestapelte Gitterkörbe in versetzter Anordnung.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown with the details and individual parts required for this.

• 1 is a protective wall in section,
• 2 is a top view of a mesh basket in the installed position,
• 3 shows the mesh basket according to FIG. 2 in the transport position,
• 4 is a side view of a mesh basket,
• 5 shows a mesh basket in front view,
• 6 the corner area of a mesh basket in partial view,
• 7 is a top view of the protective barrier shown in FIG. 1,
• Fig. 8 two stacked mesh baskets in a vertical arrangement and
• Fig. 9 two stacked mesh baskets in a staggered arrangement.

The reproduction of a protective wall (1) selected in FIG. 1 clearly shows the steep walls with which such a protective wall can be formed if it is composed of the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) according to the invention. Soil (5) is filled in between these individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4), it becoming clear that these individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) form an advantageous reinforcement of the entire wall, since they also have the same in their interior Take up soil (5). The outer wall given in this way can advantageously be used for the planting (6), a staircase-like wall, possibly also a very steep wall, depending on how the individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) are stacked on top of one another.

Such a lattice basket (2) or (3) or (4) is composed of longer lattice mats (8) and shorter lattice mats (9), these each having horizontal bars (lo, lo ') and vertical bars (11, 12, 13), which are welded together.

At the ends of the horizontal bars (lo) of the grid mat (9) arches (14, 15) are provided, which are preferably achieved by bending the horizontal bars (lo) inwards. In this way, a fully effective joint (24) is formed in the region of the corner (23) in an advantageous and simple manner.

In addition, the corners (23) are stabilized by diagonal bracing bars (16), these on opposite ones Corners (23, 23 ') are provided, but ultimately can be attached to all four corners. These diagonal bracing bars (16) are pushed or placed on the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) and can thus be arranged at the production site with little effort. It is also conceivable that they are only fixed on one side and are transported as such with the respective mesh mat, in order to then be finally assembled as a diagonal brace after setting up the mesh basket (2, 3, 4,) To prevent sides of the grid baskets (2, 3, 4) forming the grid mat (8), a connecting rod (17) is additionally provided which, as can be seen from FIGS. 2, 4 and 5, is simply hung into the horizontal connecting rods.

2 shows the mesh basket (2, 3, 4) in the extended position, FIG. 3 shows it in the folded state, the mesh mat (8) lying tightly on the mesh mat (8 ') or the wire mesh mat (8, 9 ) lie close together.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of a mesh basket (2, 3, 4), it being clear that the diagonal bracing bars (16) rest on the edge of the horizontal bar (19).

The bottom horizontal bar (25) is bent at the end, as shown in FIG. 5, so that the joint formed by it lies below the edge horizontal bar (20), while the other joints rest on the horizontal bars. Moving the grid mat (9) in the grid mat (8) is thus prevented in a simple manner. The edge (21) of the mat is thus also stabilized and fixed in a simple manner. A joint (24) formed between the grid mats (8, 9) is shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6. For this purpose, the horizontal bar (lo) or (lo ') is bent in such a way that it encompasses the end vertical bar (13) and thereby forms the joint (24) mentioned.

The versatility of the joining and joining of individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) to achieve a protective wall (1) is illustrated in FIG. 1) two lattice baskets resulting in a triple carare are placed. Further baskets are then placed on these, again at right angles to the lattice baskets underneath, whereupon another karee is placed, which is finally closed off by a row of lattice baskets running in the longitudinal axis of the protective wall (1). The situation shown in Fig. 1 shows such a fully assembled protective wall against the introduction or pouring of the soil. Such training is advantageous, for example, if the protective wall is constructed entirely of sand and only then is quasi an end-layer topsoil applied. The sand penetrates through the constructions formed by the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) and enables the formation of a dam as shown in FIG. 1, which is then filled or closed with topsoil and finally receives planting. For further stabilization, coupling rods (32, 33) are provided, which are also shown in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1, a protective wall (1) is shown, which is composed of different mesh baskets (2, 3, 4), with soil (5) being filled into the mesh baskets. In order to additionally prevent the occurrence of erosion, erosion protection mats (3o) can be hung on the inside (29) of the individual mesh mats (8, 9, 8 ', 9'). Advantageously, these have eyelets that are simply pushed onto the protruding ends of the vertical bars (11, 12, 13).

While the grating baskets (2, 3, 4), which are arranged at a distance from one another, can be connected as described above via coupling rods (32, 33), connecting clamps (34) are provided for connecting grating baskets that are close together, which are indicated in FIG. 3. 3 shows that these link clamps (34) preferably also have the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) folded for transport.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the possibility of placing the individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) one inside the other or stacking them, FIG. 8 showing a vertical stacking and FIG. 9 an offset stacking in the vertical direction. Since the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) are open at the top and here also at the bottom, the soil can be filled in the desired shape to give the stable protective wall (1). The interfaces (27, 28) of the horizontal bars (lo) and vertical bars (11, 12, 13) are welding points, so that an overall stable wire mesh results. It is also possible to use an appropriate wire mesh, the outer rods being able to deliver the framework for the mesh in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) placed on top of one another according to FIGS. 8 and 9 can be fixed in the connecting hooks (31) of the lower lattice basket each around the edge of the horizontal bar (2o) or are already designed from the outset. Fig. 8 illustrates that a very stable lattice structure can be formed in this way, which is then filled with soil as described.

Claims (14)

1. room element for noise protection on motorways and industrial plants as well as for slope fastening and room design, which is filled with soil, stones and other materials and planted and connected with other elements,
characterized ,
that grid mats (8, 9) made of wire or plastic are joined to form a polygonal, open-topped grid basket (2, 3, 4), the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) being arranged on the edge (21) of the horizontal bars (19, 2 ₀ ) are preferably designed to protrude on both sides. 2. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the grid mats (8, 9) at the corners (23) are hinged together. 3. Space element according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in
that at the corners (23) of the grid basket (2, 3, 4) horizontally extending and provided with eyelets diagonal bracing bars (17) are placed on the vertical bars. 4. Space element according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in that in addition to the diagonal bracing bars (17) connecting bars (16) between the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) of the grid mats (8, 8 ') are arranged. 5. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the horizontal bars (l _o , lo ') of the short sides of the lattice basket (2, 3, 4) forming lattice mats (9) at the end to the end vertical bar (13) forming the long sides Lattice mats (8) are extensively formed at a distance. 6. Space element according to claim 1 and claim 5, characterized in that the lowermost horizontal bar (25) of the short sides of the mesh basket (2, 3, 4) forming the mesh mat (9) is bent at the end down under the joint (24) is. 7. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that lattice mats (8) preferably of loo x 7o or 15o x 7o mm and lattice mats (9) of 5o x 7o mm are combined to form lattice baskets (2, 3, 4). 8. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) arranged on the edge are provided with connecting hooks (31) or can be bent to form them. 9. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the individual lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) have coupling rods (32, 33) projecting laterally over the lattice mats (8, 9), which can be connected to coupling rods (32, 33) of adjacent lattice baskets, or that such coupling rods subsequently there provided coupling parts can be connected. lo. Space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the grid mats (8, 9) consist of horizontal (lo, 19, 2 ₀ ) and vertical bars (11, 12, 13) welded together at the interfaces (27, 28), the shorter vertical bars (11, 12, 13 ) are arranged after assembly on the inside (29) of the grid basket (2, 3, 4). 11. space element according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the mesh mats (8, 9) are assigned erosion control mats (3o) and which are clipped onto the vertical bars and / or horizontal bars (lo, 11, 12, 13, 19, 2 ₀ ). 12. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) in the area of the first connection point with the horizontal bars (lo, 19, 2o) have bends to prevent the attached erosion protection mats (3o) from slipping off. 13. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that one of the mesh mats (9) is detachably connected to the adjacent mesh mat (8). 14. space element according to claim 1,
characterized ,
that the vertical rods (11, 12, 13), preferably the vertical rods (13) arranged at the corners (23), are assigned pivotally arranged connecting clips (34) or wire rings.

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