EP0200099B1 - Circuit de commande pour un relais électromagnétique pour interrompre un circuit à courant alternatif sous charge - Google Patents

Circuit de commande pour un relais électromagnétique pour interrompre un circuit à courant alternatif sous charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200099B1
EP0200099B1 EP86105271A EP86105271A EP0200099B1 EP 0200099 B1 EP0200099 B1 EP 0200099B1 EP 86105271 A EP86105271 A EP 86105271A EP 86105271 A EP86105271 A EP 86105271A EP 0200099 B1 EP0200099 B1 EP 0200099B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
voltage
control circuit
zero crossing
supply voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86105271A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0200099A2 (fr
EP0200099A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing.(Fh) Drebinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT86105271T priority Critical patent/ATE67341T1/de
Publication of EP0200099A2 publication Critical patent/EP0200099A2/fr
Publication of EP0200099A3 publication Critical patent/EP0200099A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200099B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200099B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/043—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current making use of an energy accumulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control circuit for an electromagnetic relay according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electromagnetic relays are generally ideal for switching electrical loads on the AC network, their high dielectric strength for separating the control and load circuits and their insensitivity to voltage peaks and current peaks in the switched load circuit having a particularly advantageous effect.
  • the errors that usually occur in semiconductors in the load circuit cannot arise with relays, which often reduces the monitoring effort.
  • relays that switch AC loads also have problems and disadvantages.
  • the contact life is severely impaired by high cold currents, especially when switching on incandescent lamp loads, and when switching off due to arcing until the following mains voltage zero crossing.
  • a zero crossing circuit is known from European patent application EP-A-108 538, in which one of two solenoids (electromagnets of a contactor) is optionally driven with a short pulse in order to either switch a load on or off.
  • This pulse is an output signal which is synchronized with the zero crossing point when a corresponding switch is actuated.
  • an electronic circuit is provided, which brings about a predetermined delay.
  • These pulses arrive from the outputs of the IC via an electronic circuit arrangement made up of several transistors for pulse amplification to the windings of the electromagnets.
  • DE-A-2 929 261 describes a device for actuating a relay which has a drive circuit with a transistor at one point of the relay winding and a capacitor and resistor at the other relay winding.
  • this known circuit causes the relay to respond very slowly in order to achieve the lowest possible current consumption. An accelerated response of a relay with a DC supply voltage that is higher than the nominal voltage of the relay winding is therefore not possible.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a control circuit of the type mentioned, the switching of the relay can be achieved with a relatively small amount of circuitry even with a large spread of the response sides within the same relay types close to the zero crossing, so that the life of the relay contacts are considerably increased can.
  • this object is achieved in that the one connection point of the relay winding is connected to ground potential via the switching path of the semiconductor switch and to a DC supply voltage via a reverse polarized diode, in that the other connection point of the relay winding is connected to ground potential via a capacitor and via a resistor is connected to the DC supply voltage and that the DC supply voltage is significantly higher than the nominal voltage of the relay winding.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that a relay not only responds faster when overexcited, that is, when excited with an excessive control voltage, but that the spread of the response times can also be greatly reduced.
  • the relay winding is applied to such an overvoltage, the special type of circuit simultaneously ensuring that the overvoltage is dissipated very quickly, so that at the latest after the relay armature has been tightened, only a voltage is present on the winding at most corresponds to the nominal voltage or is preferably lower than this. Due to the small fluctuation in the response times, the point in time for the activation can then be determined quite precisely, which can be done with conventional semiconductor switching means.
  • the dimensioning of the DC supply voltage and the circuit components naturally depends on the properties of the relay and also on how exactly the zero point control is desired.
  • an embodiment has proven to be advantageous in which the DC supply voltage is twice as high as the nominal voltage of the relay winding, a fluctuation range of the response time of 2 ms being set by appropriately dimensioning the capacitor and the resistor.
  • the resistance can be coordinated with the relay winding so that, for example, only a holding voltage of approximately 2/3 of the nominal voltage is applied to the relay winding after the response.
  • FIG. 1 shows a load circuit with an incandescent lamp L which is connected between a phase conductor P and a neutral conductor N via a contact k.
  • An AC voltage U w is present at the phase conductor P.
  • the contact k is part of a relay with the winding K, which is connected between the two connection points 1 and 2.
  • a diode D1 is connected in the reverse direction between a supply voltage U v and point 1, while a resistor R1 is connected between point 2 and supply voltage U v .
  • the collector-emitter path of a transistor TR lies between point 1 and the ground potential, while at the other terminal of the relay winding a capacitor C1 is connected between point 2 and the ground potential.
  • the relay is driven by a lamp signal ls, which is applied to the base of the transistor TR via a synchronization memory SP in the form of a D flip-flop and a series resistor R2.
  • the synchronous memory SP is driven by a clock which is derived from a zero crossing sampling of the alternating voltage U w .
  • the alternating voltage U w is supplied to a phase detector PD, which generates a pulse i1 at each zero crossing of the voltage.
  • These pulses i1 are delayed by a certain time via a delay element VG, so that the pulses i2 emitted at the output of the delay element VG are each before the next zero crossing by the expected response time of the relay.
  • the lamp signal ls present at input D of memory SP is switched through to output Q, making transistor TR conductive.
  • Fig. 2 shows the voltage and current profile at the relay in one embodiment with the dimensions given in parentheses in Fig. 1. Thereafter, a DC supply voltage U v of 24 V is used for a relay K with the nominal voltage 12 V and a winding resistance of 215 ohms. Resistor R1 has a value of 390 ohms and capacitor C1 has a capacitance of 22 ⁇ F.
  • time axis As a function of the respective zero crossing of the alternating voltage U w , the time of the zero crossing being denoted in each case by T0. Assuming that an AC voltage of 50 Hz is used, a zero crossing occurs every 10 ms. The specified overvoltage ensures that the relay contact closes approximately 2.5 ms to 4.5 ms after the transistor TR has become conductive; bounce times and tolerances are already included.
  • the circuit with the delay element VG is thus set such that the transistor is controlled in each case 6.5 ms after a zero crossing of the AC voltage. Then the relay contact closes between 1 ms before and 1 ms after the next zero crossing.
  • the excitation current I K decays to the value determined by the direct voltage U v and the resistors R1 and K and reaches approximately the response current of the relay (approx. 40 mA).
  • the relay contact k closes approx. 2.5 ms to 4.5 ms after the time T s at which the transistor became conductive (6.5 ms after T0). The next zero crossing at time T0 thus coincides approximately with the closing of the contact.
  • the relay contact opens approx. 2.0 ms to 3.0 ms after transistor TR is blocked (tolerances included) and thus approx. 1.5 to 0.5 ms before the next zero crossing at time T0 of the mains voltage wave. This ensures that the lamp load is in any case switched off shortly before the zero crossing, so that an arc which may still occur is extinguished in the zero crossing of the mains half-wave, ie can no longer be present.
  • the inrush current of the incandescent lamp can be reduced to approximately 1/10 of the maximum by the control circuit according to the invention
  • the value is reduced and the arcing is shortened to the short duration (in the example, a maximum of 1.5 ms) until the zero crossing. In this way, the contact life can be increased significantly.

Claims (5)

  1. Circuit de commande pour un relais électromagnétique pour interrompre un circuit de charge à tension alternative à proximité de l'annulation qui est explorée au moyen d'un détecteur de phase (PD), un interrupteur à semiconducteurs (TR) situé dans le circuit de commande du relais étant commandé selon une dépendance temporelle vis-à-vis de la position de phase de la tension alternative (Uw), caractérisé par le fait qu'un point de raccordement (1) de l'enroulement (K) du relais est relié par l'intermédiaire de la section de commutation de l'interrupteur à semiconducteurs (TR) au potentiel de masse et, par l'intermédiaire d'une diode (D1) polarisée en inverse, à une tension continue d'alimentation (Uv), que l'autre point de raccordement (2) de l'enroulement (K) du relais est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C1) au potentiel de masse et par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance (R1) à la tension continue d'alimentation (Uv), et que la tension continue d'alimentation (Uv) est nettement supérieure à la tension nominale (UN) de l'enroulement (K) du relais.
  2. Circuit de commande selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tension continue d'alimentation (Uv), le condensateur (C1) et la résistance (R1) sont dimensionnés de manière que le temps de réponse du relais (K) possède une amplitude de variation de moins de 2 ms, et que l'interrupteur à semiconducteurs (T1) est commandé avec un tel retard par rapport à une annulation de la tension alternative (Uw), que la fermeture du contact (K) intervient dans l'intervalle de temps situé entre 1 ms avant et 1 ms après l'annulation immédiatement suivante de la tension alternative (Uw).
  3. Circuit de commande suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que la tension continue d'alimentation (Uv), le condensateur (C1) et la résistance (R1) sont dimensionnés de manière que le temps de retombée du relais (K) possède une amplitude de variation inférieure à 1 ms, et que l'interrupteur à semiconducteurs (TR) est commandé avec un tel retard par rapport à une annulation de la tension alternative (Uw), que l'ouverture du contact (k) intervient dans l'intervalle de temps compris entre 1,5 et 0,5 ms avant l'annulation immédiatement suivante de la tension alternative (Uw).
  4. Circuit de commande selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que la tension d'alimentation (Uv) est égale approximativement au double de la tension nominale de l'enroulement (K) du relais.
  5. Circuit de commande suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que les valeurs résistives de la résistance (R1) et de l'enroulement (K) du relais sont accordées l'une sur l'autre de manière que, lorsque le transistor est à l'état conducteur, une tension égale à environ 1/3 de la tension nominale est appliquée aux bornes de l'enroulement du relais.
EP86105271A 1985-04-19 1986-04-16 Circuit de commande pour un relais électromagnétique pour interrompre un circuit à courant alternatif sous charge Expired - Lifetime EP0200099B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86105271T ATE67341T1 (de) 1985-04-19 1986-04-16 Ansteuerschaltung fuer ein elektromagnetisches relais zum schalten eines wechselspannungslastkreises.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3514300 1985-04-19
DE3514300 1985-04-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200099A2 EP0200099A2 (fr) 1986-11-05
EP0200099A3 EP0200099A3 (en) 1989-05-17
EP0200099B1 true EP0200099B1 (fr) 1991-09-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105271A Expired - Lifetime EP0200099B1 (fr) 1985-04-19 1986-04-16 Circuit de commande pour un relais électromagnétique pour interrompre un circuit à courant alternatif sous charge

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0200099B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE67341T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3681326D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005051762A1 (de) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Steinel Gmbh Vorrichtung zum steuerbaren Herstellen einer Schaltverbindung

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3739811A1 (de) * 1987-11-24 1989-06-08 Norbert Dipl Ing Suttner Schaltungsanordnung zum sichern der stromversorgung von anlagen oder geraeten
DE4231242A1 (de) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-24 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum Verringern des Verschleißes von elektromechanischen Relais
DE19627599A1 (de) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-15 Schleicher & Co Int Dokumentenvernichter
WO2013189517A1 (fr) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relais électromagnétique à temps de commutation raccourci

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108538A1 (fr) * 1982-10-23 1984-05-16 Hawker Siddeley Revenue Controls Limited Circuit de commutation au passage par zéro

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1072678B (de) * 1958-07-23 1960-01-07 Siemens-Schuckertwerke Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin Und Erlangen Einrichtung zum synchronen Ausschalten eines Schalters
BE771192A (fr) * 1971-08-11 1971-12-16 Rouvet Jacques Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de coupure de courant a commande magnetique ou electromagnetique tels que les interrupteurs et relais.
DE2929261A1 (de) * 1979-07-17 1981-02-05 Licentia Gmbh Einrichtung zur betaetigung eines relais
DE3110314A1 (de) * 1980-07-31 1982-04-01 LGZ Landis & Gyr Zug AG, 6301 Zug System und einrichtung zur betaetigung eines elektromagneten

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108538A1 (fr) * 1982-10-23 1984-05-16 Hawker Siddeley Revenue Controls Limited Circuit de commutation au passage par zéro

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005051762A1 (de) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Steinel Gmbh Vorrichtung zum steuerbaren Herstellen einer Schaltverbindung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0200099A2 (fr) 1986-11-05
ATE67341T1 (de) 1991-09-15
EP0200099A3 (en) 1989-05-17
DE3681326D1 (de) 1991-10-17

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