EP0198778A1 - Machine for the application of a treatment product to a wood, metal or plastic beam - Google Patents

Machine for the application of a treatment product to a wood, metal or plastic beam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0198778A1
EP0198778A1 EP86420100A EP86420100A EP0198778A1 EP 0198778 A1 EP0198778 A1 EP 0198778A1 EP 86420100 A EP86420100 A EP 86420100A EP 86420100 A EP86420100 A EP 86420100A EP 0198778 A1 EP0198778 A1 EP 0198778A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
box
guide
molding
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86420100A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0198778B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Christophe Aguettant
Roger Guillot
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86420100T priority Critical patent/ATE36655T1/en
Publication of EP0198778A1 publication Critical patent/EP0198778A1/en
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Publication of EP0198778B1 publication Critical patent/EP0198778B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/32—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials using means for protecting parts of a surface not to be coated, e.g. using stencils, resists
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/20—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material for applying liquid or other fluent material only at particular parts of the work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
    • Y10S118/09—Plank and molding coater

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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

An apparutus for coating a liquid on an elongated profile having a longitudinally extending front surface and a longitudinally extending back surface has a housing forming a generally closed treatment chamber and having an inlet opening and an outlet opening spaced downstream along a treatment path extending through the chamber from the inlet opening. Both openings are of a size and shape slightly larger than the section of the molding. A mist of the coating liquid is supplied to the chamber. An upwardly open channel guide extending in the chamber between the openings is formed with an upwardly open groove open longitudinally at each of the openings. This guide is generally complementary to the back surface of the molding. The molding is displaced through the chamber from the inlet to the outlet opening with its back surface in engagement with the channel guide over the groove so that the molding generally upwardly closes the groove to form same into a passage having ends open longitudinally substantially only at the inlet and outlet openings. The chamber is evacuated so as to draw outside air thereinto through the openings and into the ends of the passage.

Description

L'invention a pour objet une machine destinée au traitement, et plus particulièrement à la décoration de tout profilé en bois, métal, matière plastique... ; et c'est ainsi qu'elle vise, par exemple, la décoration des moulures utilisées pour la fabrication de cadres de tableaux ou similaires ou pour la décoration de meubles de toute sorte, le terme "décoration" devant être pris dans son sens le plus général pour englober notamment la peinture et le vernissage de ces moulures.The subject of the invention is a machine intended for the treatment, and more particularly for the decoration of any profile made of wood, metal, plastic material, etc .; and this is how it aims, for example, at the decoration of moldings used for the manufacture of picture frames or the like or for the decoration of furniture of all kinds, the term "decoration" being taken in its most meaningful sense general to include in particular the painting and varnishing of these moldings.

Pour clarifier la description ci-après, il sera essentiellement question de la décoration des moulures en bois, sans toutefois qu'il en résulte une limitation de la portée de l'invention à cette seule application.To clarify the description below, it will mainly be a question of decorating wooden moldings, without however resulting in a limitation of the scope of the invention to this single application.

Considérant donc, à titre d'exemple, la décoration des moulures en bois, il est connu de réaliser cette décoration en continu, au moyen d'une machine dans laquelle la moulure, animée d'un mouvement de déplacement continu par un tapis sans fin, traverse une chambre dans laquelle le produit à appliquer (par exemple peinture ou vernis) règne à l'état de brouillard. Pour obtenir cette atmosphère de brouillard, le produit à appliquer est introduit sous pression et à l'état liquide dans la chambre précitée, après avoir traversé une grille placée dans sa partie inférieure, et la chambre traversée par la moulure est en dépression car elle est reliée à une pompe à vide.Considering therefore, by way of example, the decoration of wooden moldings, it is known to carry out this decoration continuously, by means of a machine in which the molding, animated by a movement of continuous movement by an endless belt , passes through a chamber in which the product to be applied (for example paint or varnish) prevails in the state of mist. To obtain this mist atmosphere, the product to be applied is introduced under pressure and in the liquid state into the aforementioned chamber, after having passed through a grid placed in its lower part, and the chamber traversed by the molding is in depression because it is connected to a vacuum pump.

Sur deux de ses parois opposées, la chambre d'application du produit présente deux ouvertures qui se font vis-à-vis et permettent le libre passage de la moulure. En se déplaçant en continu dans cette chambre dans laquelle le produit à appliquer règne à l'état de brouillard, la moulure reçoit le produit à appliquer, lequel produit se dépose sur la moulure ; et il est important d'observer que ce dépôt se fait sur toutes les faces et donc sur toute la surface de la moulure, ce dont il résulte une consommation relativement importante de produit, alors qu'en réalité, certaines faces de la moulure ne méritent pas d'être traitées. Il en est ainsi pour les faces de la moulure qui seront invisibles lors de l'utilisation de cette moulure. Il s'agit notamment de la face arrière de la moulure et éventuellement des rainures qui peuvent être aménagées dans la moulure pour servir à sa fixation ou pour recevoir des éléments complémentaires, ce qui est le cas par exemple lorsque la moulure est destinée à la fabrication de cadres de tableaux.On two of its opposite walls, the product application chamber has two openings which face each other and allow the free passage of the molding. By moving continuously in this chamber in which the product to be applied prevails in the state of mist, the molding receives the product to be applied, which product is deposited on the molding; and it is important to observe that this deposition takes place on all sides and therefore on the entire surface of the molding, which results in a relatively large consumption of product, when in reality, certain faces of the molding do not deserve not to be treated. This is so for the faces of the molding which will be invisible when this molding is used. These include the rear face of the molding and possibly grooves which can be arranged in the molding to be used for its fixing or to receive additional elements, which is the case for example when the molding is intended for the production of picture frames.

L'invention a pour objet une machine qui est du type général ci-dessus rappelé, mais qui, grâce à un agencement particulier, permet une économie de produit de traitement, car grâce à cet agencement, le produit n'est appliqué que sur les faces ultérieurement visibles de la moulure.The subject of the invention is a machine which is of the general type mentioned above, but which, thanks to a particular arrangement, allows a saving of treatment product, because thanks to this arrangement, the product is only applied to the subsequently visible faces of the molding.

Dans ce but, le caisson délimitant la chambre de traitement comporte un guide qui s'étend entre les orifices d'entrée et de sortie de la moulure dans et hors du caisson, est traversé longitudinalement à la fois par la moulure et par un courant d'air provenant de l'extérieur par les orifices et créé par la dépression régnant dans le caisson, et comporte successivement une zone amont annulairement fermée autour de la moulure et dans laquelle ne règne pas le brouillard de produit de traitement, et une zone aval qui n'occulte que les zones de la moulure ne devant pas être soumises à ce brouillard.For this purpose, the box delimiting the treatment chamber comprises a guide which extends between the inlet and outlet orifices of the molding in and out of the box, is traversed longitudinally both by the molding and by a current of air from the outside through the orifices and created by the depression prevailing in the box, and successively comprises an upstream zone annularly closed around the molding and in which the mist of treatment product does not prevail, and a downstream zone which only obscures the areas of the molding that should not be subjected to this fog.

De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de cette machine.

  • Figure 1 en est une vue générale ;
  • Figures 2 et 3 sont, à plus grande échelle, des vues respectivement en coupe transversale et en coupe longitudinale du caisson ou chambre d'application du produit de traitement ;
  • Figure 4 est une vue en perspective du guide de la moulure ;
  • Figures 5 et 6 en sont, à plus grande échelle, des coupes transversales suivant V-V et VI-VI de figure 4 ;
In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of this machine.
  • Figure 1 is a general view;
  • Figures 2 and 3 are, on a larger scale, views respectively in cross section and in longitudinal section of the box or chamber for applying the treatment product;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the molding guide;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are, on a larger scale, cross sections along VV and VI-VI of Figure 4;

A la figure 1, (1) désigne le caisson d'application du produit, et (2) désigne un réservoir situé en-dessous de ce caisson. Dans ce réservoir est contenu le liquide de traitement (3) ; et une pompe (4) est prévue pour envoyer ce liquide par une canalisation (5) dans la partie inférieure du caisson. Une pompe à vide (6), entraînée par un moteur (7), est prévue pour créer une dépression dans le réservoir (2) au-dessus du liquide de traitement (3). Au-dessus de cette pompe (6), le bâti de la machine porte un tapis sans fin (8) qui est animé d'un mouvement de déplacement continu et est destiné à acheminer et à faire passer la moulure (9) au travers du caisson de traitement (1) dont deux faces latérales opposées sont équipées de deux portes (10) qui sont situées en vis-à-vis et présentent des orifices (12) profilés pour permettre le libre passage de la moulure respectivement à son entrée dans le caisson (1) et à sa sortie hors de ce caisson.In FIG. 1, (1) designates the product application box, and (2) designates a reservoir located below this box. In this tank is contained the treatment liquid (3); and a pump (4) is provided to send this liquid through a pipe (5) in the lower part of the box. A vacuum pump (6), driven by a motor (7), is provided to create a vacuum in the tank (2) above the treatment liquid (3). Above this pump (6), the machine frame carries an endless belt (8) which is driven in a continuous movement of movement and is intended to convey and pass the molding (9) through the treatment box (1) of which two opposite lateral faces are equipped with two doors (10) which are located facing each other and have profiled orifices (12) to allow the free passage of the molding respectively when it enters the box (1) and when it exits from this box.

La dépression produite par la pompe à vide règne non seulement dans le réservoir (2), mais aussi dans le caisson ou chambre (1) d'application du produit, car une liaison est faite entre ce réservoir et ce caisson au moyen de deux cheminées latérales (13) qui débouchent dans la partie supérieure du caisson.The vacuum produced by the vacuum pump prevails not only in the tank (2), but also in the box or chamber (1) for applying the product, because a connection is made between this tank and this box by means of two chimneys side (13) which open into the upper part of the box.

Quant au produit liquide de traitement, il est admis à la partie inférieure du caisson (1), comme cela a été indiqué plus haut. Cette admission est réalisée au travers de la canalisation (5) qui débouche dans un tube rigide (14) placé longitudinalement et comportant des orifices (15) par lesquels le produit de traitement est amené à se déplacer vers le haut, en raison de la dépression régnant dans le caisson (1) ; et pour que le liquide ainsi amené dans le caisson se transforme en un brouillard, une grille (16) est placée horizontalement dans la partie inférieure du caisson, au-dessus du tube d'alimentation (14), mais en-dessous de la zone devant être traversée par la moulure (9).As for the liquid treatment product, it is admitted to the lower part of the box (1), as indicated above. This admission is carried out through the pipe (5) which opens into a rigid tube (14) placed longitudinally and having orifices (15) through which the treatment product is caused to move upward, due to the vacuum reigning in the box (1); and so that the liquid thus brought into the box turns into a mist, a grid (16) is placed horizontally in the lower part of the box, above the supply tube (14), but below the area to be crossed by the molding (9).

Dans cette zone, le caisson (1) est muni d'un guide, désigné de façon générale par (17). Ce guide est constitué d'une part, par une plaque de base (18) qui permet sa fixation sur des supports (19) prévus dans le caisson (1), et d'autre part, par un profilé (21) présentant deux zones (20a, 20b) dont l'agencement est différent. Dans la première zone (20a), qui est celle amont, ce profilé comporte deux ailes latérales (21a) reliées par une aile supérieure profilée (21b) ; et dans sa zone aval (20b), le profilé (21) ne comporte que les deux ailes latérales (21c).In this zone, the box (1) is provided with a guide, generally designated by (17). This guide is constituted on the one hand, by a base plate (18) which allows its fixing on supports (19) provided in the box (1), and on the other hand, by a profile (21) having two zones (20a, 20b) whose arrangement is different. In the first zone (20a), which is the upstream one, this profile has two lateral wings (21a) connected by a profiled upper wing (21b); and in its downstream area (20b), the profile (21) only includes the two lateral wings (21c).

Le guide (17) comporte en outre, intérieurement, un élément (22) dont le profil est fonction de celui de la face inférieure ou arrière de la moulure (9). Il s'agit en fait, pour cette. moulure, de sa face ou de ses zones de faces qui n'auront pas à être recouvertes du produit de traitement.The guide (17) further comprises, internally, an element (22) whose profile is a function of that of the lower or rear face of the molding (9). This is actually, for this. molding, its face or its areas of faces which will not have to be covered with the treatment product.

Dans le cas représenté, à titre d'exemple, par le dessin, il s'agit d'une moulure destinée à la fabrication de cadres de tableaux ; et l'élément intérieur (22) du guide (17) possède alors une forme de U dont les deux jambes sont d'inégale hauteur et qui, par ses jambes, délimite un canal (23) communiquant avec l'extérieur, hors du caisson (1).In the case shown, by way of example, in the drawing, it is a molding intended for the manufacture of picture frames; and the inner element (22) of the guide (17) then has a U shape whose two legs are of unequal height and which, by its legs, delimits a channel (23) communicating with the outside, outside the box (1).

Il est important d'observer qu'il existe un jeu de la moulure (9) à l'intérieur du guide (17) et que ce guide (17) communique avec l'extérieur par les orifices (12) aménagés dans les portes (10) pour permettre le passage de la moulure.It is important to observe that there is a play in the molding (9) inside the guide (17) and that this guide (17) communicates with the outside through the orifices (12) provided in the doors ( 10) to allow the passage of the molding.

Grâce à cette communication du guide (I7) avec l'extérieur, et grâce au jeu de la moulure (9) dans le guide (17), la dépression régnant dans le caisson (I) provoque un appel d'air au travers des orifices (12) des portes (10), et un courant d'air se trouve ainsi établi dans le guide (17), sous toutes les zones de la face inférieure de la moulure (9). Il en résulte que le liquide de traitement ne peut pas se déposer dans ces zones et ne se dépose finalement que sur la partie de la moulure qui apparaît dans la zone aval (20b) du guide (17), à savoir au-dessus des deux ailes latérales (2Ia) et en aval par rapport à l'aile supérieure (21b) du guide (17). En d'autres termes, l'application du produit de traitement sur la moulure ne se fait que dans une zone réduite du guide (17). Il s'agit de sa deuxième zone (20b), c'est-à-dire de celle située en aval de son aile supérieure (2Ib) ; et c'est dans cette zone aval que seules sont finalement recouvertes du produit de traitement les zones de la moulure qui seront visibles lors de l'utilisation de cette moulure.Thanks to this communication of the guide (I7) with the outside, and thanks to the play of the molding (9) in the guide (17), the vacuum prevailing in the box (I) causes a call for air through the orifices (12) of the doors (10), and a current of air is thus established in the guide (17), under all the regions of the underside of the molding (9). As a result, the treatment liquid cannot be deposited in these zones and ultimately only deposits on the part of the molding which appears in the downstream zone (20b) of the guide (17), namely above the two lateral wings (2Ia) and downstream relative to the upper wing (21b) of the guide (17). In other words, the treatment product is applied to the molding only in a reduced area of the guide (17). This is its second zone (20b), that is to say that located downstream of its upper wing (2Ib); and it is in this downstream area that only the areas of the molding which will be visible during the use of this molding are finally covered with the treatment product.

Cet agencement permet une économie considérable en produit de traitement.This arrangement allows a considerable saving in treatment product.

Il s'agit là d'un avantage essentiel qui peut être mis à profit quelle que soit la forme de la moulure. Il suffit pour cela que le guide (17) soit facilement amovible et que ce guide possède une forme fonction de celle de la moulure. Par un simple changement du guide, il devient ainsi possible de traiter des moulures de formes très diverses.This is an essential advantage that can be taken advantage of regardless of the shape of the molding. It suffices for this that the guide (17) is easily removable and that this guide has a shape depending on that of the molding. By simply changing the guide, it becomes possible to process moldings of very different shapes.

Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas à la seule forme d'exécution de cette machine, qui a été ci-dessus décrite à titre d'exemple, en référence au dessin annexé ; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes de réalisation et d'application.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this machine, which has been described above by way of example, with reference to the attached drawing; on the contrary, it embraces all of the variant embodiments and applications.

Claims (4)

1 - Machine pour l'application d'un produit liquide de traitement sur un profilé, du type dans lequel le profilé transporté par un tapis sans fin traverse un caisson à la partie inférieure duquel est admis le liquide de traitement et dans lequel règne une dépression qui amène ce liquide à traverser une grille contenue dans le caisson et à se transformer en un brouillard dans lequel le profilé se déplace, caractérisée en ce que le caisson (1) comporte au-dessus de la grille (16) un guide (17) qui s'étend entre les orifices (12) d'entrée et de sortie du profilé (9) dans et hors du caisson (1), est traversé longitudinalement à la fois par le profilé (9) et par un courant d'air provenant de l'extérieur par les orifices (12) et créé par la dépression régnant dans le caisson, et comporte successivement une zone amont (20a) annulairement fermée autour du profilé et dans laquelle ne règne pas le brouillard de produit de traitement, et une zone aval (20b) qui n'occulte que les zones du profilé ne devant pas être soumises à ce brouillard.1 - Machine for applying a liquid treatment product to a profile, of the type in which the profile transported by an endless belt passes through a box at the bottom of which the treatment liquid is admitted and in which there is a vacuum which causes this liquid to pass through a grid contained in the box and to transform into a mist in which the profile moves, characterized in that the box (1) has a guide (17) above the grid (16) which extends between the inlet and outlet openings (12) of the profile (9) in and out of the box (1), is traversed longitudinally both by the profile (9) and by a stream of air from from the outside by the orifices (12) and created by the depression prevailing in the box, and successively comprises an upstream zone (20a) annularly closed around the profile and in which the mist of treatment product does not prevail, and a zone downstream (20b) which only obscures the zones of the profile not to be subjected to this fog. 2 - Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que son guide (17) est constitué par une plaque de base (18) fixée dans le caisson (1) et par un profilé qui, fixé sur cette plaque, présente, dans la zone amont (20a) du guide, une forme de U renversé et ne comporte, dans la zone aval (20b) du guide, que deux ailes (21c) qui prolongent les deux branches de ce U.2 - Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that its guide (17) is constituted by a base plate (18) fixed in the box (1) and by a profile which, fixed on this plate, present in the area upstream (20a) of the guide, an inverted U shape and comprises, in the downstream area (20b) of the guide, only two wings (21c) which extend the two branches of this U. 3 - Machine selon les revendications 1 et' 2, caractérisée en ce que son guide (17) comporte un élément intérieur (22) servant de chemin de glissement au profilé (9) et dans lequel est tracée une rainure (23) débouchant hors du caisson (1) et contribuant à créer un courant d'air sous le profilé.3 - Machine according to claims 1 and '2, characterized in that its guide (17) comprises an inner element (22) serving as a sliding path to the profile (9) and in which is drawn a groove (23) opening out of the box (1) and helping to create a draft under the profile. 4 - Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément intérieur (22) du guide (17) présente transversalement une section complémentaire de celle du profilé (9).4 - Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner element (22) of the guide (17) has transversely a section complementary to that of the profile (9).
EP86420100A 1985-04-16 1986-04-15 Machine for the application of a treatment product to a wood, metal or plastic beam Expired EP0198778B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86420100T ATE36655T1 (en) 1985-04-16 1986-04-15 MACHINE FOR APPLYING A TREATMENT AGENT TO A PROFILE, SUCH AS WOOD, METAL OR PLASTIC.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506176 1985-04-16
FR8506176A FR2580196B1 (en) 1985-04-16 1985-04-16 MACHINE FOR APPLYING A TREATMENT PRODUCT TO PROFILES OF WOOD, METAL, PLASTIC MATERIAL OR THE LIKE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0198778A1 true EP0198778A1 (en) 1986-10-22
EP0198778B1 EP0198778B1 (en) 1988-08-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86420100A Expired EP0198778B1 (en) 1985-04-16 1986-04-15 Machine for the application of a treatment product to a wood, metal or plastic beam

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4653425A (en)
EP (1) EP0198778B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61274758A (en)
AT (1) ATE36655T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3660574D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2580196B1 (en)

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ITUD20020045A1 (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-08-25 Delle Vedove Levigatrici Spa VACUUM PAINTING HEAD AND RELATED PAINTING PROCEDURE
CN103286037B (en) * 2013-05-23 2015-06-03 浙江工业大学 Method for propelling hole alignment and preventing paint collision in japanning process of chopstick blank machine and special device for method

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FR2580196B1 (en) 1987-06-26
FR2580196A1 (en) 1986-10-17
DE3660574D1 (en) 1988-09-29
ATE36655T1 (en) 1988-09-15
EP0198778B1 (en) 1988-08-24
JPS61274758A (en) 1986-12-04
US4653425A (en) 1987-03-31

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