EP0196548A1 - Compact block-type exchanger of impregnated graphite - Google Patents

Compact block-type exchanger of impregnated graphite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0196548A1
EP0196548A1 EP86103697A EP86103697A EP0196548A1 EP 0196548 A1 EP0196548 A1 EP 0196548A1 EP 86103697 A EP86103697 A EP 86103697A EP 86103697 A EP86103697 A EP 86103697A EP 0196548 A1 EP0196548 A1 EP 0196548A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
bores
connection
connection plates
another
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Granted
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EP86103697A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0196548B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Hummel
Hartmut Haeselbarth
Gerhard Dörr
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GEA Wiegand GmbH
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GEA Wiegand GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B7/00—Combinations of two or more condensers, e.g. provision of reserve condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compact block heat exchanger made of impregnated graphite, essentially suitable for use as a condenser for condensing water vapor and other vapors in a vacuum, the condensation taking place in different chambers at different pressures.
  • Such condensers are used in corrosion-protected steam jet vacuum pumps, are sucked out of the vacuum by the aggressive media and are conveyed to the atmosphere, whereby it must be ensured that the inert gases with the physically dependent vapor portion are physically separated from the condensate in the outlet chamber of the condenser.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a graphite heat exchanger as a vacuum condenser for steam jet vacuum pumps, which replaces the individual condensers under different pressures by a compact apparatus, and in which the individual condensers on the vacuum side and on the water side are accessible after disassembly and can be cleaned.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that bilateral drilled rectangular graphite blocks together with upper and lower inlet and outlet chambers with the help of steel plates, in which the deflections of the water side are located, and with the help of steel tie rods.
  • the apparatus In order to be able to mechanically clean and repair such an apparatus at the operating site by the operator's personnel, the apparatus is constructed in such a way that the required graphite and steel parts are connected to one another only with seals and steel tie rods, and that dismantling and reassembly are usual Tools can be done.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a larger number of passages can be achieved on the water side of the apparatus by appropriate elaboration of the lateral baffle plates made of steel. This leads to higher speeds of the cooling medium compared to conventional block devices.
  • Another important advantage is the small footprint of the compact device.
  • the block capacitor 10 consists of two graphite blocks 12, 14 arranged vertically one above the other and bonded to one another, which form a uniform exchanger block.
  • First vertically extending through bores 16 pass through both graphite blocks 12 and 14.
  • second through bores 18 run through the two graphite blocks 12 and 14 in the horizontal direction lower graphite blocks 12, a lower first connection plate 22.
  • Both connection plates are connected to one another by tie rods 24 indicated in the figures, with anchor nuts 26, and accordingly exert a compensation pressure on the two graphite blocks 12, 14.
  • a total of three distributor chambers 28, 30, 32 are sealed against each other, each with a connection flange 34, 36 and 38.
  • the distributor chamber 32 arranged at the top left in FIG. 2 When condensing steam is supplied, the first bores 16 ′ connecting the two distribution chambers 32 to one another lead them to the lower distribution chamber 32 and out of the flange 38.
  • the first bores 16 'thus form a separate capacitor chamber.
  • the first bores 16 ′′ connecting the upper and lower distribution chambers 30 to one another form a further independent capacitor chamber.
  • the first bores 16 ′′ ′′ connecting the distribution chambers 28 to one another form a further separate capacitor chamber. That emerging from the flange 38 at the bottom left in FIG. 2
  • the product can, if necessary after being compressed by a jet pump or by a mechanical compressor, be passed in sequence through the condenser chamber formed by the first bores 16 "and the condenser chamber formed by the first bores 16" '.
  • the one formed in the respective condenser chamber Condensate is drained through corresponding outlet connections 40 of the lower distribution chambers 32, 30, 28.
  • Exchanger means in particular cooling water, are guided in a zigzag shape through the second bores 18.
  • those two vertical block sides in which the second bores 18 each open out (Block sides 48) second connecting plates 50 are provided which are connected to one another via tie rods 52 with nuts 54.
  • the horizontal tie rods 52 do not run through the graphite blocks 12, 14 but rather he front or back of the blocks 12, 14 with a small distance to the sen.
  • connection plate 50 on the right in FIG. 2 is provided with a connection flange 60, into which the cooling medium, in particular water, is introduced.
  • Deflector plates 62 (not shown in more detail) in both second connecting plates 50 ensure that the water is guided in a zigzag-like manner from bottom to top through all horizontal bores 18. The water is eventually drained to a flange 64 at the top of the left second port plate 50.
  • the block capacitor 10 houses a plurality of capacitor stages, in the example shown three capacitor stages, with an extremely compact construction.
  • the number of stages is determined by the number of distribution chambers the upper and lower first connection plates 20, 22 set.
  • the two connecting plates 20 and 22 are each made up of three separate plate parts 70, 71 and 72, corresponding plate parts at the upper and lower ends of the plate capacitor being connected by the vertical tie rods 24 be held together. If, for example, you only want a two-stage structure instead of the three-stage structure, you can exchange the corresponding plate parts, for example by fitting the plate parts 71 and 72 to a single plate part with a correspondingly enlarged distributor chamber.
  • the distribution chambers and the vertical first bores 16 can be cleaned easily since the plate parts 70, 71, and 72 need only be unscrewed in order to obtain direct access to both the distribution chambers and the vertical bores 16.
  • FIG. 5 shows a two-stage plate capacitor 110, installed in an arrangement with a total of three jet pumps 180, 182 and 183.
  • Components of the block capacitor 110 which correspond in function to those of the block capacitor 10 in FIGS. 1 to 4 are given the same reference numerals, each increased by the number 100.
  • the basic structure of the block capacitor 110 is the same, as that of the block capacitor 10.
  • the two graphite blocks 112 and 114 are in turn clamped in the vertical direction between an upper and lower first connection plate 120 and 122 by means of tie rods 124 and nuts 126.
  • Second connection plates 150 on the left or right side of the block capacitor 110 in FIG. 5 are connected to one another via horizontal tie rods 152 with nuts 154.
  • a continuous steel plate 188 provided with edge eyelets 186 is provided between the top of the possibly two-part upper connection block 114, on the top of which the nuts 126 are supported. Accordingly, a continuous steel plate can also be provided at the lower end of the block capacitor 110.
  • the steam to be condensed is first passed through the jet pump 180 and then fed to the second jet pump 182 via a manifold 192.
  • the flange corresponding to the lower flange 38 is laterally offset slightly to the right relative to the upper flange 138 and is directly connected to the suction inlet 194 of the third jet pump 184.
  • the output of jet pump 184 is connected to upper flange 136 of the second capacitor stage.
  • the output flange 136 of the second capacitor stage can be connected to a fourth jet pump 185.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

1. A block-type condenser having at least two, optionally impregnated, exchanger blocks (12, 14 ; 112, 114) of graphite, wherein each exchanger block has first through bores (16) between mutually opposed first block sides and second through bores (18) between further mutually opposed second block side, wherein the exchanger blocks are disposed adjacent one another with mutual abutment at the first block sides and with the first bores (16) merging into one another, wherein connection plates (20, 22 ;120, 122) are provided on the outer two first block sides of the block-type condenser (10 ; 110) with distribution chambers for connection to the first bores (16), and wherein second connection plates (50 ; 150) are provided on the second block sides with distribution chambers for connection to the second bores (18), characterized in that the two first connection plates (20, 22 ; 120, 122) each have at least two distribution chambers (28, 30, 32) which are independent of one another, and the first and second connection plates (20, 22 ; 120, 122 ; 50, 150) are each held together by tie rods (24, 52 ; 124, 152), and in that in each case a continuous steel plate (188) is provided at each respective end of the block-type condenser (110) for the purpose of clamping together by means of the tie rods (124) the two first connection plates (120, 122) which comprise separate plate portions (70, 71, 72) each having a respective distribution chamber (28, 30, 32).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kompakt-Blockwärmetauscher aus imprägniertem Graphit, im wesentlichen geeignet zur Verwendung als Kondensator zum Kondensieren von Wasserdampf und anderen Dämpfen im Vakuum, wobei die Kondensation in verschiedenen Kammern bei unterschiedlichen Drücken stattfindet.The invention relates to a compact block heat exchanger made of impregnated graphite, essentially suitable for use as a condenser for condensing water vapor and other vapors in a vacuum, the condensation taking place in different chambers at different pressures.

Solche kondensatoren werden in korrosionsgeschützten Dampfstrahl-Vakuumpumpen verwendet, durch die aggresive Medien aus Vakuum abgesaugt und gegen die atmosphäre gefördert werden, wobei sichergestellt sein muß, daß in der Austrittskammer des Kondensators die Inertgase mit anhängenden physikalisch bedingtem Dampfanteil vom Kondensat einwandfrei getrennt werden.Such condensers are used in corrosion-protected steam jet vacuum pumps, are sucked out of the vacuum by the aggressive media and are conveyed to the atmosphere, whereby it must be ensured that the inert gases with the physically dependent vapor portion are physically separated from the condensate in the outlet chamber of the condenser.

Es ist bekannt, daß zur Erfüllung dieser Erfordernisse folgende Apparate verwendet werden:

  • 1. Röhrenkondensatoren aus imprägniertem Graphit.
  • 2. Blockkondensatoren mit rechteckigen Blöcken aus imprägniertem Graphit.
  • 3. Blockkondensatoren mit runden Blöcken aus imprägniertem Graphit.
  • 4. Plattenkondensatoren aus imprägniertem graphit.
  • 5. Ringnut-Kondensatoren aus imprägniertem graphit .
It is known that the following devices are used to meet these requirements:
  • 1. Tube capacitors made of impregnated graphite.
  • 2. Block capacitors with rectangular blocks made of impregnated graphite.
  • 3. Block capacitors with round blocks made of impregnated graphite.
  • 4. Plate capacitors made of impregnated graphite.
  • 5. Ring-groove capacitors made of impregnated graphite.

Bei Verwendung derartiger Apparate als Kondensatoren in Dampfstrahl-Vakuumpumpen ist es erforderlich, mehrere einzelne Apparate gleicher Bauart produktseitig (verbunden durch die einzelnen Dampfstrahler) evtl. auch wasserseitig hintereinander zu schalten. Plattenkondensatoren und Ringnut-Kondensatoren können außerdem nicht mechanisch gereinigt werden, sondern müssen bei Verschmutzung chemisch gereinigt werden. Außerdem läßt sich eine Reparatur am Aufstellungsort nur bedingt oder gar nicht ausführen, da die einzelnen graphitteile miteinander verklebt sind und sich nur im Herstellerwerk mittels einer Trennvorrichtung (Säge) wieder voneinander trennen lassen.When using such devices as condensers in steam jet vacuum pumps, it is necessary to connect several individual devices of the same type on the product side (connected by the individual steam jet), possibly also in series, on the water side. Plate capacitors and ring groove capacitors can also not be cleaned mechanically, but must be chemically cleaned if they are dirty. In addition, a repair at the installation site can only be carried out to a limited extent or not at all, since the individual graphite parts are glued to one another and can only be separated from one another in the manufacturer's plant by means of a separating device (saw).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Graphitwärmetauscher als Vakuumkondensator für Dampfstrahl-Vakuumpumpen zu schaffen, der die einzelnen, unter verschiedenen Drücken stehenden Kondensatoren durch einen Kompaktapparat ersetzt, und bei dem die einzlenen Kondensatoren auf der Vakuumseite und auf der Wasserseite nach Demontage zugänglich sind und gereinigt werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a graphite heat exchanger as a vacuum condenser for steam jet vacuum pumps, which replaces the individual condensers under different pressures by a compact apparatus, and in which the individual condensers on the vacuum side and on the water side are accessible after disassembly and can be cleaned.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsmäßig dadurch gelöst, daß zweiseitig gebohrte, rechteckige Graphitblöcke zusammen mit oberen und unteren Ein- und Austrittskammern mit Hilfe von Stahlplatten, in denen sich die Umlenkungen der Wasserseite befinden, und mit Hilfe von Stahlzugankern miteinander verbunden werden. Dadurch entsteht ein Kompaktapparat mit mehreren Kondensatorkammern, in denen bei Betrieb als Vakuumkondensator verschiedene Vakua herrschen können.This object is achieved according to the invention in that bilateral drilled rectangular graphite blocks together with upper and lower inlet and outlet chambers with the help of steel plates, in which the deflections of the water side are located, and with the help of steel tie rods. This creates a compact apparatus with several condenser chambers in which different vacuums can prevail when operated as a vacuum condenser.

Um einen solchen Apparat auch im Betreibungsort durch das Personal des Betreibers mechanisch reinigen und raparieren zu können, ist der Apparat so aufgebaut, daß die erforderlichen Graphit- und Stahlteile nur mit Dichtungen und Stahlzugankern miteinander verbunden sind, und daß eine Demontage und Wiedermontage mit.üblichen Werkzeugen erfolgen kann.In order to be able to mechanically clean and repair such an apparatus at the operating site by the operator's personnel, the apparatus is constructed in such a way that the required graphite and steel parts are connected to one another only with seals and steel tie rods, and that dismantling and reassembly are usual Tools can be done.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß auf der Wasserseite des Apparates eine größere Anzahl von Durchgängen durch entsprechende Ausarbeitung der seitlichen Umlenkplatten aus Stahl erreicht werden. Dies führt zu höheren Geschwindigkeiten des Kühlmediums im Vergleich zu den herkömmlichen Blockapparaten.Another advantage of the invention is that a larger number of passages can be achieved on the water side of the apparatus by appropriate elaboration of the lateral baffle plates made of steel. This leads to higher speeds of the cooling medium compared to conventional block devices.

Ein weiterer, wesentlicher Vorteil ist der geringe Platzbedarf des kompakten Apparates.Another important advantage is the small footprint of the compact device.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand der Zeichnung an bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert:The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing using preferred exemplary embodiments:

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht, teilweise herausgebrochen, des erfindungegemäßen Blockkondenstors (Blickrichtung I in Fig. 2);
  • Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht des Blockkonkensators gemäß Fig. 1 (Blickrichtung I in Fig. 2);
  • Fig. 3 die andere Seitenansicht des Blockkondensators mit abgenommener seitlicher Anschlußplatte (Blickrichtung III in Fig. 1);
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf den Blockkondensator gemäß Fig. 1 (Blickrichtung IV) und
  • Fig. 5 eine Gesamtansicht des mit Strahlpumpen versehenen Blockkondensators in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform.
It shows:
  • 1 shows a simplified side view, partially broken away, of the block condenser according to the invention (viewing direction I in FIG. 2);
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of the block compensator according to FIG. 1 (viewing direction I in FIG. 2);
  • 3 shows the other side view of the block capacitor with the side connection plate removed (viewing direction III in FIG. 1);
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the block capacitor of FIG. 1 (viewing direction IV) and
  • 5 shows an overall view of the block capacitor provided with jet pumps in a modified embodiment.

Der Blockkondensator 10 gemäß Figurgen 1 bis 4 besteht aus zwei vertikal übereinander angeordneten und miteinander verklebten Graphitblöcken 12, 14, die einen einheitlichen Austauscherblock bilden. Erste vertikal verlaufende Durchgangsbohrungen 16 durchlaufen beide Graphitblöcke 12 und 14. Zwischen diesen ersten Durchgangsbohrungen verlaufen in horizontaler Richtung zweite Durchgangsbohrungen 18 durch die beiden Graphitblöcke 12 und 14. An der Oberseite des oberen Graphitblocks 14 ist eine obere erste Anschlußplatte 20 vorgesehen und an der Unterseite des unteren Graphitblocks 12 eine untere erste Anschlußplatte 22. Beide Anschlußplatten sind durch in den Figuren angedeutete Zuganker 24 mit Ankermuttern 26 miteinander verbunden, wobei sie entsprechend einen Kompensionsdruck auf die beiden Graphitblöcke 12, 14 ausüben. In beiden ersten Anschlußplatten 20,22 sind, in Gegenüberstellung, insgesamt drei gegeneinander abgedichtete Verteilerkammern 28,30,32 ausgebildet jeweils mit einem Anschlußflansch 34,36 und 38. Wird beispielsweise der in Fig. 2 links oben angeordneten Verteilerkammer 32 über den durchmessergrößten Flansch 38 kondensierender Dampf zugeführt, so leiten die die beiden Verteilerkammern 32 miteinander verbindenden ersten Bohrungen 16' diese zur unteren Verteilerkammer 32 und aus dem Flansch 38 heraus. Die ersten Bohrungen 16' bilden somit eine gesonderte Kondensatorkammer. Entsprechenderweise bilden die die obere und untere Verteilerkammer 30 miteinander verbindenen ersten Bohrungen 16" eine weitere unabhängige Kondensatorkammer. Die die Verteilerkammern 28 miteinander verbindenden ersten Bohrungen 16''' schließlich bilden eine weitere gesonderte Kondensatorkammer. Das aus dem Flansch 38 links unten in Fig. 2 austretendeThe block capacitor 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 consists of two graphite blocks 12, 14 arranged vertically one above the other and bonded to one another, which form a uniform exchanger block. First vertically extending through bores 16 pass through both graphite blocks 12 and 14. Between these first through bores, second through bores 18 run through the two graphite blocks 12 and 14 in the horizontal direction lower graphite blocks 12, a lower first connection plate 22. Both connection plates are connected to one another by tie rods 24 indicated in the figures, with anchor nuts 26, and accordingly exert a compensation pressure on the two graphite blocks 12, 14. In the first two connection plates 20, 22, a total of three distributor chambers 28, 30, 32 are sealed against each other, each with a connection flange 34, 36 and 38. For example, the distributor chamber 32 arranged at the top left in FIG When condensing steam is supplied, the first bores 16 ′ connecting the two distribution chambers 32 to one another lead them to the lower distribution chamber 32 and out of the flange 38. The first bores 16 'thus form a separate capacitor chamber. Correspondingly, the first bores 16 ″ connecting the upper and lower distribution chambers 30 to one another form a further independent capacitor chamber. Finally, the first bores 16 ″ ″ connecting the distribution chambers 28 to one another form a further separate capacitor chamber. That emerging from the flange 38 at the bottom left in FIG. 2

Produkt kann, ggf. nach Verdichtung durch eine Strahlpumpe oder durch einen mechanischen Verdichter, der Reihe nach durch die von den ersten Bohrungen 16" gebildete Kondensatorkammer und die von den ersten Bohrungen 16''' gebildete Kondensatorkammer geführt werden. Das in der jeweiligen Kondensatorkammer gebildete Kondensat wird durch entsprechende Ablaufstutzen 40 der unteren Verteilerkammern 32,30,28 abgeleitet. Durch die zweiten Bohrungen 18 werden Austauschermittel, insbesondere Kühlwasser, zick-zack-förmig geführt. Hierzu sind in denjenigen beiden vertikalen Blockseiten, in denen die zweiten Bohrungen 18 jeweils ausmünden (Blockseiten 48) zweite Anschlußplatten 50 vorgesehen, die über Zuganker 52 mit Muttern 54 miteinander verbunden sind. Ebenso wie die bereits erwähnten, lediglich in Fig. 2 angedeuteten Zuganker 24, verlaufen auch die horizontalen Zuganker 52 nicht durch die Graphitblöcke 12,14 sondern and er Vorderseite bzw. Rückseite der Blöcke 12,14 mit geringem Abstand zu diesen.The product can, if necessary after being compressed by a jet pump or by a mechanical compressor, be passed in sequence through the condenser chamber formed by the first bores 16 "and the condenser chamber formed by the first bores 16" '. The one formed in the respective condenser chamber Condensate is drained through corresponding outlet connections 40 of the lower distribution chambers 32, 30, 28. Exchanger means, in particular cooling water, are guided in a zigzag shape through the second bores 18. For this purpose, those two vertical block sides in which the second bores 18 each open out (Block sides 48) second connecting plates 50 are provided which are connected to one another via tie rods 52 with nuts 54. Like the tie rods 24 already mentioned, which are only indicated in Fig. 2, the horizontal tie rods 52 do not run through the graphite blocks 12, 14 but rather he front or back of the blocks 12, 14 with a small distance to the sen.

Die in Fig. 2 rechte zweite Anschlußplatte 50 ist mit einem Anschlußflansch 60 versehen, in welchen das Kühlmedium, insbesondere Wasser, eingeleitet wird. Nicht näher dargestellte Umlenkbleche 62 in beiden zweiten Anschlußplatten 50 sorgen dafür, daß das Wasser zick-zack-artig von unten nach oben durch sämtliche horizontalen Bohrungen 18 geführt wird. Das Wasser wird schließlich zu einem Flansch 64 am oberen Ende der linken zweiten Anschlußplatte 50 abgeleitet.The second connection plate 50 on the right in FIG. 2 is provided with a connection flange 60, into which the cooling medium, in particular water, is introduced. Deflector plates 62 (not shown in more detail) in both second connecting plates 50 ensure that the water is guided in a zigzag-like manner from bottom to top through all horizontal bores 18. The water is eventually drained to a flange 64 at the top of the left second port plate 50.

Aus Vorstehendem ergibt sich, daß der Blockkondensator 10 bei äußerst kompaktem Aufbau mehrere Kondensatorstufen, im dargestellten Beispiel drei Kondensatorstufen, beherbergt. Die Stufenzahl wird durch die Anzahl der Verteilerkammern der oberen und der unteren ersten Anschlußplatten 20, 22 festgelegt. Um einfachen, modulartigen Aufbau mit der Möglichkeit leichter Abänderung der Stufenzahl zu gewährleisten, sind die beiden Anschlußplatten 20 und 22 aus jeweils drei gesonderten Plattenteilen 70, 71 und 72 aufgebaut, wobei einander entsprechende Plattenteile am oberen und unteren Ende des Plattenkondensators durch die vertikalen Zuganker 24 zusammengehalten werden. Möchte man z.B. anstelle des dreistufigen Aufbaus lediglich einen zweistufigen Aufbau, so tauscht man entsprechende Plattenteile um, z.B.dadurch,daß man die Plattenteile 71 und 72 jeweils ein einziges Plattenteil mit entsprechend vergrößerter Verteilerkammer besetzt.It follows from the above that the block capacitor 10 houses a plurality of capacitor stages, in the example shown three capacitor stages, with an extremely compact construction. The number of stages is determined by the number of distribution chambers the upper and lower first connection plates 20, 22 set. In order to ensure a simple, modular structure with the possibility of easily changing the number of stages, the two connecting plates 20 and 22 are each made up of three separate plate parts 70, 71 and 72, corresponding plate parts at the upper and lower ends of the plate capacitor being connected by the vertical tie rods 24 be held together. If, for example, you only want a two-stage structure instead of the three-stage structure, you can exchange the corresponding plate parts, for example by fitting the plate parts 71 and 72 to a single plate part with a correspondingly enlarged distributor chamber.

Eine Reinigung der Verteilerkammern sowie der vertikalen ersten Bohrungen 16 ist leicht durchführbar, da man die Plattenteile 70,71, und 72 lediglich abzuschrauben braucht, um unmittelbaren Zugang sowohl zu den Verteilerkammern als auch zu den vertikalen Bohrungen 16 zu erhalten.The distribution chambers and the vertical first bores 16 can be cleaned easily since the plate parts 70, 71, and 72 need only be unscrewed in order to obtain direct access to both the distribution chambers and the vertical bores 16.

Dementsprechend problemlos ist der Zugang zu den horizontalen Bohrungen 18 sowie zu den Verteilerkammern bzw. Umlenkplatten innerhalb der seitlichen Anschlußplatten 50.Accordingly, access to the horizontal bores 18 and to the distribution chambers or deflection plates within the side connection plates 50 is easy.

Fig. 5 zeigt einen lediglich zweistufigen Plattenkondensator 110, eingebaut in eine Anordnung mit insgesamt drei Strahlpumpen 180, 182 und 183. Bauelemente des Blockkondensators 110 die ihrer Funktion nach solchen des Blockkondensators 10 in den Figuren 1. bis 4 entsprechen, sind mit denselben Bezugsziffern, jeweils vermehrt um die Zahl 100, versehen.5 shows a two-stage plate capacitor 110, installed in an arrangement with a total of three jet pumps 180, 182 and 183. Components of the block capacitor 110 which correspond in function to those of the block capacitor 10 in FIGS. 1 to 4 are given the same reference numerals, each increased by the number 100.

Der Grundaufbau des Blockkondensators 110 ist der gleiche, wie der des Blockkondenators 10. Die beiden Graphitblöcke 112 und 114 sind wiederum in vertikaler Richtung zwischen einer oberen und unteren ersten Anschlußplatte 120 und 122 mittels Zuganker 124 und Muttern 126 eingespannt. Zweite Anschlußplatten 150 an der linken bzw. rechten Seite des Blockkondensators 110 in Fig. 5 sind über horizontale Zuganker 152 mit Muttern 154 miteinander verbunden. Um gleichmäßige spannung zu erhalten, ist zwischen der Oberseite des ggf. zweiteiligen oberen Anschlußblocks 114 eine durchgehende, mit Randösen 186 versehene Stahlplatte 188 vorgesehen, an deren Oberseite sich wiederum die Muttern 126 abstützen. Dementsprechend kann auch am unteren Ende des Blockkondensators 110 durchgehende Stahlplatte vorgesehen sein.The basic structure of the block capacitor 110 is the same, as that of the block capacitor 10. The two graphite blocks 112 and 114 are in turn clamped in the vertical direction between an upper and lower first connection plate 120 and 122 by means of tie rods 124 and nuts 126. Second connection plates 150 on the left or right side of the block capacitor 110 in FIG. 5 are connected to one another via horizontal tie rods 152 with nuts 154. In order to obtain uniform tension, a continuous steel plate 188 provided with edge eyelets 186 is provided between the top of the possibly two-part upper connection block 114, on the top of which the nuts 126 are supported. Accordingly, a continuous steel plate can also be provided at the lower end of the block capacitor 110.

Der zu kondensierende Dampf wird als erstes durch die Strahlpumpe 180 geführt und anschließend über einen Krümmer 192 der zweiten Strahlpumpe 182 zugeführt. Diese mündet in den Flansch 138, welcher dem Flansch 38 in Fig. 2 entspricht. Der dem unteren Flansch 38 entsprechende Flansch ist in Fig. 5 seitlich etwas nach rechts gegenüber dem oberen Flansch 138 versetzt und ist unmittelbar mit dem Ansaug-Eingang 194 der dritten Strahlpumpe 184 verbunden. Der Ausgang der Strahlpumpe 184 ist mit dem oberen Flansch 136 der zweiten Kondensatorstufe verbunden. Der Ausgangsflansch 136 der zweiten Kondensatorstufe kann an eine vierte Strahlpumpe 185 angeschlossen sein.The steam to be condensed is first passed through the jet pump 180 and then fed to the second jet pump 182 via a manifold 192. This opens into the flange 138, which corresponds to the flange 38 in FIG. 2. 5, the flange corresponding to the lower flange 38 is laterally offset slightly to the right relative to the upper flange 138 and is directly connected to the suction inlet 194 of the third jet pump 184. The output of jet pump 184 is connected to upper flange 136 of the second capacitor stage. The output flange 136 of the second capacitor stage can be connected to a fourth jet pump 185.

Claims (6)

1. Blockkondensator mit wenigstens einem, ggf. imprägnierten, Austauscherblock aus Graphit,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß der wenigstens eine Austauscherblock erste-Durchgangsbohrungen zwischen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden ersten Blockseiten und zweite Durchgangsbohrungen zwischen weiteren einander gegenüberliegenden zweiten Blockseiten aufweist, daß an beiden ersten Blockseiten vorzugsweise durch Zuganker zusammengehaltene Anschlußplatten vorgesehen sind jeweils mit wenigstens einer Verteilerkammer zum Anschluß an die ersten Bohrungen, und daß an beiden zweiten Blockseiten zweite, vorzugsweise durch Zuganker zusammengehaltene Anschlußplatten vorgesehen sind jeweils mit wenigstens einer Verteilerkammer zum Anschluß an die zweiten Bohrungen.1. block capacitor with at least one, possibly impregnated, exchanger block made of graphite,
characterized ,
that the at least one exchanger block has first - through bores between two opposing first block sides and second through bores between further opposite second block sides, that on both first block sides there are preferably connecting plates held together by tie rods, each with at least one distributor chamber for connection to the first bores, and that second connection plates, preferably held together by tie rods, are provided on both second block sides, each with at least one distributor chamber for connection to the second bores. 2. Blockkondensator nach Anspruch 1 oder dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß der Austauscherblock wenigstens zwei voneinander unabhängige, ggf. von jeweils einem Teil der ersten Bohrungen gebildete Kondensatorkammern aufweist.2. Block capacitor according to claim 1 or the preamble of claim 1,
characterized ,
that the exchanger block has at least two condenser chambers which are independent of one another and possibly formed by part of the first bores. 3. Blockkondensator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Anschlußplatten jeweils wenigstens zwei gegeneinander abgedichtete Verteilerkammern aufweisen,die über die ersten Bohrungen ausschließlich mit der entsprechenden Verteilerkammer der jeweils anderen Anschlußplatte verbunden sind.3. Block capacitor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first connection plates each have at least two mutually sealed distributor chambers, which are connected via the first bores exclusively with the corresponding distributor chamber of the respective other connection plate. 4. Blockkondensator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die zweiten Anschlußplatten Umlenkungen aufweisen zur zick-zack-artigen Führung des durch die zweiten Bohrungen strömenden Austauschermediums durch die zweiten Bohrungen.4. Block capacitor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the second connection plates have deflections for the zigzag-like guidance of the exchange medium flowing through the second bores through the second bores. 5. Blockkondensator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Austauscherblock aus wenigstens zwei aneinander anliegenden Graphitblöcken mit ineinander übergehenden ersten oder zweiten Bohrungen aufweist.5. Block capacitor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the exchanger block consists of at least two graphite blocks abutting one another with merging first or second bores. 6. Das die Graphitblöcke miteinander verklebt sind.6. That the graphite blocks are glued together.
EP86103697A 1985-03-19 1986-03-19 Compact block-type exchanger of impregnated graphite Expired EP0196548B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853509919 DE3509919A1 (en) 1985-03-19 1985-03-19 COMPACT BLOCK HEAT EXCHANGER MADE OF IMPREGNATED GRAPHITE
DE3509919 1985-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0196548A1 true EP0196548A1 (en) 1986-10-08
EP0196548B1 EP0196548B1 (en) 1988-10-12

Family

ID=6265706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86103697A Expired EP0196548B1 (en) 1985-03-19 1986-03-19 Compact block-type exchanger of impregnated graphite

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0196548B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3509919A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0314585A1 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 Vicarb Gas-liquid heat-exchanger with condensation
EP0658737A2 (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-21 Deutsche Carbone Ag Heat exchanger block
WO2016146930A1 (en) 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 Mersen France Py Sas Block heat exchanger, method for implementing same and heat exchange block belonging to such an exchanger
EP4105590A1 (en) 2021-06-14 2022-12-21 Mersen France Py SAS Heat exchange block, method for manufacturing same, heat exchanger equipped with such a block and method for implementing same
WO2022263972A1 (en) 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 Mersen France Py Sas Heat exchange block, method for manufacturing same, heat exchanger equipped with such a block and method for implementing same

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE518263C2 (en) * 2001-09-26 2002-09-17 Centri Ab Locking mechanism for prosthesis
DE102005009202A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Sgl Carbon Ag Block heat exchanger assembly operating method for combustion device, involves spraying condensate from neutralization and collection vessel and/or fresh water into hot flue gas at or immediately before entry into block
DE102010030780A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Sgl Carbon Se Heat transfer element for a heat exchanger, method for producing a heat transfer element for a heat exchanger, heat exchangers and Nachrüstverfahren for a heat exchanger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR589522A (en) * 1922-08-07 1925-05-30 Stancliffe Engineering Corp Improvements to heat exchangers
DE966473C (en) * 1951-07-22 1957-09-12 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Graphite heat exchanger
FR1421491A (en) * 1964-11-02 1965-12-17 Harzer Achsenwerke K G Schwema heat exchanger made up of an assembly of blocks or plates with crossed internal channels
DE1300136B (en) * 1963-09-06 1969-09-18 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Block heat exchanger
DE1800062A1 (en) * 1968-10-01 1970-04-16 Ilin Vasilij Georgijevic Heat exchanger for condensing chemically corrosive - materials
DE3201156A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-07-28 Osrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Przemysłu Budowy Urządzen Chemicznych CEBEA, Kraków Block heat exchanger
GB2120975A (en) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-14 Lorraine Carbone Structures of reinforced impregnated graphite and their production

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR589522A (en) * 1922-08-07 1925-05-30 Stancliffe Engineering Corp Improvements to heat exchangers
DE966473C (en) * 1951-07-22 1957-09-12 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Graphite heat exchanger
DE1300136B (en) * 1963-09-06 1969-09-18 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Block heat exchanger
FR1421491A (en) * 1964-11-02 1965-12-17 Harzer Achsenwerke K G Schwema heat exchanger made up of an assembly of blocks or plates with crossed internal channels
DE1800062A1 (en) * 1968-10-01 1970-04-16 Ilin Vasilij Georgijevic Heat exchanger for condensing chemically corrosive - materials
DE3201156A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-07-28 Osrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Przemysłu Budowy Urządzen Chemicznych CEBEA, Kraków Block heat exchanger
GB2120975A (en) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-14 Lorraine Carbone Structures of reinforced impregnated graphite and their production

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0314585A1 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 Vicarb Gas-liquid heat-exchanger with condensation
FR2622685A1 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-05 Vicarb Sa GAS / LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER WITH CONDENSATION
US4850426A (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-07-25 Vicarb Gas/liquid heat exchanger with condensation
EP0658737A2 (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-21 Deutsche Carbone Ag Heat exchanger block
EP0658737A3 (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-01-31 Carbone Ag Heat exchanger block.
WO2016146930A1 (en) 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 Mersen France Py Sas Block heat exchanger, method for implementing same and heat exchange block belonging to such an exchanger
EP4105590A1 (en) 2021-06-14 2022-12-21 Mersen France Py SAS Heat exchange block, method for manufacturing same, heat exchanger equipped with such a block and method for implementing same
EP4105589A1 (en) 2021-06-14 2022-12-21 Mersen France Py Sas Heat exchange block, method for manufacturing same, heat exchanger equipped with such a block and method for implementing same
WO2022263972A1 (en) 2021-06-14 2022-12-22 Mersen France Py Sas Heat exchange block, method for manufacturing same, heat exchanger equipped with such a block and method for implementing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3660938D1 (en) 1988-11-17
EP0196548B1 (en) 1988-10-12
DE3509919A1 (en) 1986-09-25

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