EP0195666B1 - Wendeltreppe - Google Patents

Wendeltreppe Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0195666B1
EP0195666B1 EP19860302032 EP86302032A EP0195666B1 EP 0195666 B1 EP0195666 B1 EP 0195666B1 EP 19860302032 EP19860302032 EP 19860302032 EP 86302032 A EP86302032 A EP 86302032A EP 0195666 B1 EP0195666 B1 EP 0195666B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tread
strap
bracket
mounting bracket
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860302032
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0195666A2 (de
EP0195666A3 (en
Inventor
Tyl O'brien Kennedy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEWES DESIGN CONTRACTS Ltd
Original Assignee
LEWES DESIGN CONTRACTS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LEWES DESIGN CONTRACTS Ltd filed Critical LEWES DESIGN CONTRACTS Ltd
Publication of EP0195666A2 publication Critical patent/EP0195666A2/de
Publication of EP0195666A3 publication Critical patent/EP0195666A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0195666B1 publication Critical patent/EP0195666B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E04F11/032—Spiral stairways supported by a central column

Definitions

  • This invention relates to spiral staircases.
  • the mounting brackets for the treads for a spiral staircase are formed with a mounting collar which is a sliding fit on the central support column of the staircase.
  • the collars are made of suitable axial length and/or suitable spacer collars are provided between tread bracket mounting collars to achieve the desired vertical spacing of the treads, which spacing will vary from staircase installation to installation.
  • spiral staircases have to be purpose made for each installation and because of this and the method of supporting the mounting brackets on the support column, are expensive and not susceptible to mass production.
  • CH-A-569166 discloses a tread mounting arrangement including a combined mounting bracket and tread adapted to be clamped to a support column by a flexible strap together with means for tensioning the strap to mount the bracket and tread to the column.
  • a tread mounting bracket or combined mounting bracket and tread for a spiral staircase which is adapted at its inner end to be clamped to a support column by means of a flexible strap engageable around the support column from the side of the column and having free ends, the free ends of the strap being engageable with the bracket or tread and bracket and means for tensioning the strap to urge the inner end of the bracket against the column thereby to mount the bracket or bracket and tread to the column characterised by said strap being connectable to or engageable at its free ends with a tensioning block having one or more bolts threadedly mounted therein, said bolt or bolts being engageable with a back plate fixed to or forming the inner end part of the mounting bracket and positioned between the tensioning block and the column, said bolts being adjustable such that as it is or they are screwed in the tensioning block is forced away from the back plate and the strap tightened around the support column.
  • the bracket is not formed with the mounting collar and the height of the tread in the column is completely adjustable rather than being determined by vertical spacers constituted by other mounting collars alone or in combination with separate spacer collars.
  • the manufacturing costs of the brackets or treads and brackets themselves can thus be reduced and moreover as such brackets or treads and brackets are universally usable, the cost of individual spiral staircase installations can be much reduced.
  • the strap is generally U-shaped such that the ends of the strap are forced apart as the strap is engaged with the support column from the side of the column. This enables the strap to retain its position loosely but substantially unmoveably around the column prior to tensioning for ease of adjustment.
  • the mounting bracket may be variously constructed, as from sheet, rod or tube material. If the treads and brackets are combined then sheet material is preferred. If a separate mounting bracket is provided to which the tread is to be attached, then the bracket can conveniently be constructed as a lattice beam formed of metal tube and/or rod suitably bent and welded together.
  • the invention also extends to a spiral staircase wherein the treads are mounted to a support column by any of the tread mounting brackets envisaged above and wherein said treads are connected with vertical balusters by a baluster mounting bracket adapted to be slidably mounted in a channel or groove provided in the outer edge of the stair tread; said bracket having a collar slidably engageable with a vertical baluster which may then extend through the collar to below the level of the tread, and clamping means for clamping the collar to the baluster.
  • a spiral staircase comprises a central support column 1 to which tread mounting brackets 2 are clamped and to which brackets treads 3 are screwed.
  • Vertical balusters 4 which support a handrail 4a in any conventional manner are attached to the outer edges of the treads 2, i.e. the edges of the treads remote from the central support column 1 in a manner to be described hereafter.
  • a tread bracket 2 is shown in more detail in Figures 2 and 3 and can be seen to comprise an open lattice work generally wedge-shaped cantilever bracket or beam.
  • This bracket is fabricated from metal rod, suitably bent and welded to form the required shape.
  • the lattice work bracket includes two lengths of metal rod which are each bent into a generally U-shape to form side members 5, 5a and end members 6.
  • the side members 5a are arranged side-by-side and extend downwardly and inwardly from the end members 6, the end members 6 and the side members 5 lying in a horizontal plane and serving to support the lower surface of a tread 3.
  • metal lugs 7 are welded to side members 5, one mid way along each side member 5 and one at the angle between each side member 5 and end member 6, and a metal plate 9 is welded between side members 5 so as to bridge the gap therebetween.
  • the metal lugs 7 and plate 9 have holes 10 drilled therethrough to retain screws whereby the tread 3 may be screwed to the tread bracket.
  • the inner ends of the side members 5 terminate in downwardly extending vertical end members 6a which are interconnected by a back plate 11. Extensions 8 of the end members 6a, are angled upwardly and rearwardly and are welded at their free ends to the side members 5. A further length of rod of narrower cross section is bent and welded to side members 5 and 5a to form cross members 8a. End members 6a abut and are clamped to the support column 1.
  • the back plate 11 is slightly concave towards the column 7 as can be seen most clearly in Fig. 3.
  • a slight recess 19, provided in the surface of the bracket serves to locate a bolt 14 whose function is described below.
  • the means for attachment comprises a flexible strap 12 preferably made from spring steel, a block 13 and the bolt 14.
  • the shape of the steel strap is generally U-shaped as can be seen in Fig. 3 and comprises a generally arcuate portion 12a, straight side portions 12b and folded-back end portions 12c.
  • the block 13 has tapering sides which generally correspond in angle to the straight side portions 12b of the strap and has two vertical slots or grooves 15, 16 cut in it which receive respective end portions 12c of the strap 12.
  • the end portions of the strap 12c are folded back such that they extend towards the central column 1 in use, and the vertical slots 15, 16 are similarly angled towards the central support column 1.
  • a horizontal threaded hole passes through the block 13 to receive the bolt 14.
  • a tread bracket is clamped to the support column 1 as follows. Firstly, the tread bracket 3 is offered up to the support column 1 and held in position e.g. manually, at the desired height at which it is to be secured. The strap 12 is pushed around the central support column 1, the end portions 12c of the strap being forced apart as they travel over the surface of the column 7. At this stage, the strap will fit loosely around the column 1, and back plate 11. The block 13 is then inserted from above between the straight side portions 12b of the strap 12, with the folded back end portions 12c sliding in the slots 15, 16 in the block 13, and pushed downwardly until the top and bottom surfaces of the block 13 are substantially level with the upper and lower edges of the strap 12.
  • a tread 2 may be attached to the tread bracket 3 either before or after the tread bracket has been secured to the central support column 1.
  • the tread supports may be secured to the supporting column at any desired height, and thus the rise between adjacent treads can be selected to suit the dimensions of the building in which the spiral staircase is installed. Further, since there is no need to pass any of the components of the system over the top of the central supporting column 1, a spiral staircase could be constructed around any supporting column already existing as a part of the structure of a building.
  • the connection between the tread bracket and the central supporting column 1 should be sufficiently strong to withstand a bending moment of 370 kg at 900 mm as measured from the centre of the supporting column.
  • the extent a of the tread bracket along the underside of the tread may suitably be 547 mm.
  • the plate 11 may suitably be 90 mm deep and constructed from 15 mm thick metal.
  • the block 13 may suitably have a length b of 30 mm and a depth c of 50 mm.
  • the diameter of the central supporting column may be 114 mm.
  • the strap may suitably be equal in width to the depth of the block and have a thickness of 1.625 mm (16 gauge).
  • one large bolt is used to force the block 13 away from the plate 11.
  • two smaller bolts may be used, disposed one above the other.
  • the strap 12 has folded back end portions which are received in grooves in the block 13.
  • the strap may for example be attached to the blocks by means of rivets with or without a key hole fitting.
  • the block described in the present embodiment is a one-piece block, having grooves formed therein.
  • two blocks may be used which have suitably shaped mating surfaces such that the blocks may be screwed together to engage the folded back end portions 12c of the strap.
  • Each tread 3 is provided with nosing or lipping 25 which extends around the entire perimeter thereof.
  • This lipping has a generally T-shaped channel formed therein as is clearly visible in Fig. 4.
  • the tread may be fabricated from medium density fibre board or plywood, and the lipping may be formed from extruded aluminium.
  • the lipping 25 includes a projecting rib 26 which engages a mating slot cut in the tread whereby the lipping 25 can be firmly secured to the tread 2.
  • a mounting bracket 29 for attaching each baluster 4 to a tread 5 comprises two parts 31, 32 cut from an extruded profile and a grub screw 33.
  • FIG. 5 A plan view of one of the parts is shown in Fig. 5.
  • Each part has the shape of an elongate "D", in plan, having a semicircular portion merging with a rectangular portion.
  • a circular hole 34 is formed in each of the parts 31, 32 to provide collars which are a sliding fit with the end of a baluster 4.
  • Each mounting bracket part 31, 32 is also provided with a machined slot 35 which is formed in the rectangular portion thereof so that with the parts positioned one above the other the slots, in use, respectively receive one of two engaging portions 36, 37 of the T-shaped channel in the lipping 25 and are then slidable together in the channel.
  • the part 31 which is to be disposed uppermost in use is also provided with a tapped hole 38 which receives the grub screw 33.
  • the two metal parts 31, 32 are placed one above the other with their respective holes 34 aligned and their respective machined slots 35 facing oppositely.
  • the baluster 4 extends through both collars.
  • the grub screw 33 is partially screwed into the hole in the upper part 31, but not sufficiently for it to extend completely therethrough.
  • the slotted ends of the parts 31, 32 when overlying one another are trapped within the channel of the lipping 25 but can be slid along the channel.
  • the grub screw 33 is then turned to force the two parts 31, 32 apart.
  • the tread and the lipping are formed seperately.
  • a tread or combined tread and bracket could be formed having the lipping integral therewith.
  • portions of the lipping 27, 28 extend upwardly and downwardly respectively beyond the thickness of the tread itself. These extending portions provide a suitable border within which tread covering material may be placed. For example, carpet might cover the upper surfaces of the treads, and some other suitable material such as decorative hardboard might be used to finish off the lower surfaces.
  • the surfaces of the extending portions 27, 28 are specially adapted to provide an anti-slip edge around the treads making the staircase safer for persons using it, which edge also prevents wear on the edges of the material of the tread.
  • the upwardly extending portion 27 of the lapping 25 is slightly deeper than the downwardly extending portion 28.
  • the portion 27 may have a depth of 6 mm and the portion 28 may have a depth of 4 mm.
  • the treads 3 may be secured to the brackets the other way up, such that the deeper portion 27 extends downwardly.
  • the upper surfaces of the treads might be covered with rubber matting, for example, and some suitable finishing material used on the undersides of the treads.
  • this lipping also adds to the flexibility of the system.
  • the parts 31, 32 are formed from a continuous length of extruded aluminium cut into suitable lengths, e.g. 10 mm.
  • the slots 35 may then be machined in the cut surfaces thereof and the tapped hole 38 drilled in the parts 31 which are to be disposed uppermost.
  • the parts 31, 32 may suitably have a width d of 30 mm and a lateral extent e of 49 mm.
  • the holes 34 may have a diameter of 22 mm, the outer diameter of the balusters being slightly less than this.
  • the depth f of the T-shaped channel formed in the lipping may be 24 mm.
  • the length of the baluster is not critical since it may extend below the level of the tread. This is particularly advantageous since it is possible to use balusters which are all identical in length, as shown in Fig. 1. In previous spiral staircases it has been necessary to cut each baluster to the required size, and since there may be two or three balusters attached to the same tread which support a sloping handrail, the configuration of the staircase required a number of different lengths of baluster corresponding to the number of balusters per tread.
  • the end of the baluster may be trimmed off, either before or after fixing.
  • a plastic cap may be inserted in or over the lower end of each of the balusters which is shaped so as to cover the cut surface thereof, and provide a smooth finish.
  • some of the balusters may be so positioned that the portion extending below one tread is equal to or greater than the rise between adjacent treads, so that with treads overlapping the baluster may be attached to two treads. By the method of attachment described, this is easily done.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Stufenmontageträger (2) oder Kombination aus Montageträger (2) und Stufe (3) für eine Wendeltreppe zum Anklammern des inneren Endes an eine Trägersäule (1) mittels eines flexiblen Bandes (12), das von der Seite um die Trägersäule geführt ist und freie Enden (12c) besitzt, welche mit dem Träger oder der Stufe und dem Träger in Eingriff treten, mit einer Einrichtung (13, 14) zur Spannung des Bandes, um dessen inneres Ende (11) gegen die Trägersäule zu drücken, wodurch der Träger oder der Träger und die Stufe gegen die Säule gedrückt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (12) mit einem Spannblock (13) verbindbar oder mit seinen freien Enden (12c) mit diesem in Eingriff treten kann, daß in den Spannblock eine oder mehrere Schrauben (14) eingeschraubt sind, welche mit einer Rückplatte (11) in Eingriff bringbar sind, die am Montageträger befestigt ist oder dessen inneren Ende bildet und zwischen dem Spannblock und der Trägersäule angeordnet ist und daß die Schraube bzw. die Schrauben derart einstellbar sind, daß sie beim Einschrauben in den Spannblock von der Rückplatte weg gedrückt werden und das Band an der Trägersäule festgezogen wird.
  2. Stufenmontageträger oder Kombination aus Montageträger und Stufe nach Anspruch 1, bei dem bzw. der das Band (12) generell U-förmig ausgebildet ist, so daß dessen Enden beim Ineingrifftreten des Bandes mit der Trägersäule (1) von der Trägerseitensäule weg gedrückt werden, so daß das Band vor dem Spannen seine Stellung an der Trägersäule lose jedoch im wesentlichen unbeweglich halten kann.
  3. Stufenmontageträger oder Kombination aus Montageträger und Stufe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem bzw. bei der das Band zurückgefaltete Endteile (12c) besitzt, welche gleitend in Nuten (15, 16) im Spannblock (13) eingreifen.
  4. Stufenmontageträger nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen mit einer Ausbildung als durch Metallrohre und/oder - Stäbe gebildeter Gitterträger, in dem die Rohre und/oder Stäbe in geeigneter Weise gebogen, zusammengeschweißt und zur Befestigung einer Stufe an ihnen vorgesehen sind.
  5. Kombination aus Montageträger und Stufe nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 mit einer Ausbildung aus Plattenmaterial.
  6. Wendeltreppe, bei der die Stufen mittels Stufenmontageträgern nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 an einer Trägersäule montiert sind, die Stufen mittels eines Geländermontageträgers (29), der gleitend in einem Kanal bzw. einer Nut des Außenrandes der Treppenstufe (3) montiert ist, mit vertikalen Geländern verbunden ist, der Träger eine Manschette (31, 32) besitzt, die mit einem vertikalen Geländer (4) in Eingriff zu bringen ist, das dann durch die Manschette bis unter das Niveau der Stufe verlaufen kann, und eine Klemmeinrichtung (33) zum Anklemmen der Manschette an das Geländer vorgesehen ist.
EP19860302032 1985-03-20 1986-03-19 Wendeltreppe Expired EP0195666B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858507174A GB8507174D0 (en) 1985-03-20 1985-03-20 Spiral staircase
GB8507174 1985-03-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0195666A2 EP0195666A2 (de) 1986-09-24
EP0195666A3 EP0195666A3 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0195666B1 true EP0195666B1 (de) 1992-02-19

Family

ID=10576295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860302032 Expired EP0195666B1 (de) 1985-03-20 1986-03-19 Wendeltreppe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0195666B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3683914D1 (de)
GB (1) GB8507174D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179979B (en) * 1985-09-06 1989-08-16 Romulus Technology Ltd Stair constructions
GB8624055D0 (en) * 1986-10-07 1986-11-12 Lewes Design Contracts Ltd Spiral staircase handrail
DE19901151A1 (de) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-27 Henke Gmbh & Co Treppenwerke Vorrichtung zum Befestigen einer Treppenstufe an einem gebäudefesten Tragprofil
DE19917348A1 (de) * 1999-04-16 2000-11-02 Scale Treppen Gmbh Kragkonstruktion
ITAN20120030A1 (it) 2011-03-30 2012-10-01 Sandro Cerioni Scala a chiocciola.

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB636176A (en) * 1946-03-30 1950-04-26 Freeman Alfred Improvements in or relating to steps, stairs and the like
BE709186A (de) * 1968-01-10 1968-07-10
FR1581069A (de) * 1968-07-15 1969-09-12
GB1418531A (en) * 1973-01-08 1975-12-24 Andrews I E A Andrews P M Staircase or stairway
CH569166A5 (en) * 1973-11-06 1975-11-14 Ott Adolf Winding stairs built up from sections - has tubular column with U-shaped support brackets for steps fastening
JPS54139222A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-10-29 Akebono Kikai Kk Spiral staircase
DE8005300U1 (de) * 1980-02-28 1980-06-04 Hamm, Wilfried, 4330 Muelheim Trittstufe fuer spindeltreppen
DE3110396A1 (de) * 1980-04-22 1982-03-18 Helix S.r.l., 12100 Cuneo "wendeltreppe"
DE3028002A1 (de) * 1980-07-24 1982-09-09 Frewa Baudekoration Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh & Co Kontakt- Und Verkaufs Kg, 6550 Bad Kreuznach Treppe mit jochstueck

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8507174D0 (en) 1985-04-24
EP0195666A2 (de) 1986-09-24
DE3683914D1 (de) 1992-03-26
EP0195666A3 (en) 1987-09-02

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