EP0192475A2 - Automatischer Schliessanreger - Google Patents

Automatischer Schliessanreger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0192475A2
EP0192475A2 EP86301180A EP86301180A EP0192475A2 EP 0192475 A2 EP0192475 A2 EP 0192475A2 EP 86301180 A EP86301180 A EP 86301180A EP 86301180 A EP86301180 A EP 86301180A EP 0192475 A2 EP0192475 A2 EP 0192475A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traction
load
parts
heating means
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86301180A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0192475A3 (de
Inventor
Ronald Sampson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0192475A2 publication Critical patent/EP0192475A2/de
Publication of EP0192475A3 publication Critical patent/EP0192475A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/002—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass controlled by automatically acting means
    • E05F1/008—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass controlled by automatically acting means by time control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/71—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to temperature changes, rain, wind or noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/30—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances
    • E05Y2900/31—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances for refrigerators

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION is concerned with a traction device of elongated form which is cheap to manufacture and reliable in operation.
  • the device is particularly, although not exclusively, suited to closing doors automatically follcwing a short delay after they have been opened.
  • the traction device of the invention is also usable in other applications, such as providing a door-opening mechanism where there is a demand for a strong traction force to be applied over a short distance.
  • Traction devices providing a strong force over a short distance are either electrically, hydraulically or mechanically operated. Devices using an electric motor to provide traction are relatively expensive. The same is true of hydraulically-operated devices, as close-fitting moving parts and pressure seals are necessary. Mechanical devices, using springs or gravity, are cheap to install but have the disadvantage that they represent an additional load which has to be overcome at times when traction is not required.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a traction device operated by temperature and which provides a negligible resistance to movement of the load when the traction device is not operated.
  • a temperature-operated traction device which comprises an elongated element made from a heat-responsive memory material of the type defined below, heating means operable to heat the element to restore it to its original shape, two relatively movable parts attached to respective ends of the element and the first of which is connected to a load which is to be displaced in the direction of traction when the element is heated, and a spring which yields resiliently to allow the load to move in the direction opposite to that in which traction is exerted if the element is hot.
  • the element is of elongated form, such as a wire or a ribbon, and the load applied when the element is cold causes it to extend from its original length as its ductility is relatively high. On heating the element, the ductility falls and the element shrinks back to its original shape.
  • the element is formed as an "L"-shape and the force applied by the load when the element is cold and ductile, causes the element to bend so that the included angle of the "L” is increased.
  • the element When the element is heated, it loses ductility and re-assumes its former shape. The reduction in the angle of the "L” which occurs, exerts traction on the load.
  • the element is heated by an electrical current passed through it when traction is required.
  • an electrical current passed through it When traction is required.
  • the advantage of heating the element this way is that the magnitude of the current can be precisely controlled to provide the requisite heating, and timing circuits are readily available to ensure that a required delay is incurred before the device exerts any traction. Also some loads have a non-linear characteristic and require more traction to be exerted to give them initial movement than is necessary to sustain .their movement.
  • An electrical current control circuit is readily devisable by a competent electrical engineer to provide the current with characteristics which cause the element to have the desired traction characteristics.
  • a second spring is provided to keep the element, which may be a wire or a strip, taut, irrespective of the spacing between the two parts connected to its opposite ends.
  • Figure 1 shows a refrigerated cubicle 1 having an opening 2 closed by a door 3 turning on hinges 4 and having a handle 5.
  • the door 3 opens outwardly and a traction device 6 is mounted on the cubicle 1 immediately above the door 3.
  • a flexible tie 7 extends from one end of the device 6 into a door-closing mechanism 8 having an arm 9 which bears at its end on the door 3 to close it when the traction device 6 is operated.
  • the mechanism 8 can be of any suitable design. In one arrangement (not shown) it contains a pulley having an upright axis and around which the free end of the tie 7 is wound.
  • the pulley is integral with an axle and the arm 9 so that when the device 6 is operated, the tension in the tie 7 rotates the pulley and turns the end of the arm in contact with the door in the door-closing direction.
  • a spring (not shown) retains the end of the arm in contact with the door.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the construction of the traction device 6 in detail. It comprises an elongated, shallow, rectangular box 10 bolted to the cubicle 1 and containing two axially aligned slideways 11 and 1,2 respectively.
  • the slideway 11 contains a slide 13 having an apertured angle bracket 14 welded to it and provided with an anchorage 15 to enable the tie 7 to be secured to it.
  • the slideway 12 contains a slide 16 having an upturned apertured lug 17 equipped at one side with a collar 18 locating one end of a coil compression spring 20.
  • the other end of the spring 20 locates on a second, similar collar 2 1 attached to an apertured angle piece 23 which is welded to the floor of the slideway 12.
  • the spring 20 urges the slide 16 against an end stop 24. Adjacent the stop 24, the slide 16 has welded to it a second angle bracket 25 having an aperture which is aligned with the apertures in the lug 17, the angle piece 23 and the angle bracket 14.
  • the wire 30 extends at one end through an insulating ferrule 31 in the angle bracket 25 and at the other end through a second insulating ferrule 32 in the angle bracket 14.
  • the portions of the wire 25 projecting from the remote ends of the ferrules 31 and 32 have electrical connectors 34 and 35 crimped to them to enable an electrical heating current to be passed through the wire when the traction device is to be operated.
  • the box 10 is provided between the two slideways 11 and 12 with a block 38 which locates one end of a relatively weak compression spring 39.
  • the other end of the spring 39 is attached to the slide 13 to bias it continuously away from the slide 16 so as to keep the wire 30 taut.
  • the spring 39 is not strictly necessary, but ensures that the wire does not contact uninsulated parts of the box 10 should it slacken.
  • a microswitch 40 having a contact 47 in a circuit-closed condition is provided beside the slide 12 and carries a cantilever spring 41 which allows the microswitch 40 to assume a contact-open condition and break the circuit if the lu g 17 is moved towards the angle piece 23 from the position shown.
  • a second microswitch is provided with a cantilever spring 51 which allows a contact 52 to assume a circuit-closed condition if the slide 13 moves to the left of the position illustrated. As long as the wire 30 is in its fully-shrunk state, the cantilever spring is engaged so that the microswitch contact 52 is in its circuit-open condition.
  • Figure 4 shows in block form a control circuit used with the device.
  • Power is provided at 43 to contacts 50 and 47 which are connected electrically in series. If contact 50 is closed, the closure of contact 47 will allow current to flow to a time delay circuit 44 having a contact 48 which closes after a predetermined period to supply current to a current waveform generator 45.
  • the generator 45 supplies an electrical current having required characteristics to cause the wire 30 to heat at a predetermined rate to a predetermined temperature sufficient to cause the wire 30 to shrink and exert traction on the tie 7.
  • the operation of the traction device to close the door 3 when open will first be described.
  • the wire 30 is in its extended condition and the slide 13 is spaced from the microswitch 56 so that the contact 50 is closed.
  • This causes a heating current to flow via the closed contact 47, time delay contact 43 and the currant waveform generator 45 to the wire 30, heating it to its shrinkage temperature.
  • the end of the wire 30 attached to the slide 16 may be regarded as being fixed if the door is free to close.
  • the heating of the wire causes it to shrink to its original length, drawing the slide 13 towards the slide 36 so that traction is exerted on the flexible tie 7.
  • This causes the mechanism 8 to operate to close the door 3.
  • the slide 13 engages the cantilever spring 51 causing the contact 50 of the microswitch 56 to de-energise the power supply circuit.
  • the tensile loading on the tie 7 causes the cold wire 30 to extend easily as it has a low ductility when cold, and thus offers a negligible resistance to door opening. Opening of the door is accompanied by movement of the slide 13 to the left in figures 2 and 3, so that the cantilever spring 54 associated with the microswitch 56 operates to close the power circuit to the time-delay circuit 44. This closes the contact 48 after a predetermined period, so that the wire is again heated and door-closing re-occures'as described above.
  • a third condition can arise if the door 3 is opened immediately after it has been closed, or an attempt is made to open it fully when the traction device is actually closing the door.
  • the hot wire 30, no longer being ductile cannot extend and, instead, the pull of the tie 7 is applied through the hot wire to the slide 16 which slides to compress the spring 20.
  • the microswitch 40 is then operated so that its contact 47 interrupts the current circuit to the wire 30 which then cools and once again becomes ductile. This allows the spring 20 to extend the wire 30 until the contact of the microswitch 40 is again closed and the wire can be heated to shrink and return the door to its closed position.
  • Figure 5 shows a traction device in which component parts having the same functions as those already described are similarly referenced but in the hundred series.
  • the electronic circuitry is omitted as it is the same as that already described. Also omitted are the details of the electrical switches corresponding to switches 4 1 and 56 of the earlier described embodiment, although the positions of these switches are shown at 141 and 156.
  • the traction device of Figure 5 comprises a tubular socket piece 60 having adjacent the mouth of the socket a pair of oppositely extending wings 138.
  • the socket piece 60 contains a stiff tension spring 120 attached at one end to the base of the socket and at the other end to a stem 61 of a T-shaped element 130.
  • the head of the element 130 provides two arms 62 each extending parallel to one of the wings 138.
  • Two tension coil springs 139 respectively extend between each arm 62 and the wing 138 alongside it.
  • the free ends of the arms 62 are apertured to provide anchorages 63 for a Y-shaped flexible tie 107 connected to a load as described in the earlier embodiment.
  • Each arm 62 may be consi.dered as forming with the stem 61 an L-shaped member.
  • the element 130 is made from the heat-responsive memory material of the type defined. It is therefore ductile and easily bent when cold. However when hot the element loses ductility and will exert considerable force in attempting to re-assume the shape shown in full outline, if bent from that shape to the shape shown in broken outline when cold.
  • the application of the tensile loading to the tie 107 causes the arms 62 of the element 130 to bend to the position shown in broken outline in which the element 130 assumes a y- shape.
  • it is heated. Its ductility then reduces also so that as its arms 62 return to the position shown in full outline, they exert traction on the load.
  • the fundamental difference between the two embodiments of the invention described, is that the first embodiment exerts traction by shrinking the element 13 whereas the second embodiment exerts traction bending of the element 130.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
EP86301180A 1985-02-20 1986-02-19 Automatischer Schliessanreger Withdrawn EP0192475A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU936185 1985-02-20
AU9361/85 1985-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0192475A2 true EP0192475A2 (de) 1986-08-27
EP0192475A3 EP0192475A3 (de) 1987-02-04

Family

ID=3700102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86301180A Withdrawn EP0192475A3 (de) 1985-02-20 1986-02-19 Automatischer Schliessanreger

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0192475A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS61237786A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3638208A1 (de) * 1986-11-08 1988-05-11 Bks Gmbh Oberirdischer tuerschliesser mit feststelleinrichtung
CN112127746A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司 门体驱动装置及冰箱
CN112138312A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-29 安徽维嵩生产力促进有限公司 一种应急机构及基于该机构的换流变智能巡检设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6489640B2 (ja) * 2015-04-09 2019-03-27 日本自動ドア株式会社 自動ドア装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2338565A1 (fr) * 1976-01-19 1977-08-12 Delta Materials Research Ltd Dispositif de protection des circuits electriques
FR2351446A1 (fr) * 1976-05-10 1977-12-09 Delta Materials Research Ltd Organe de commande sensible a la temperature
GB1554738A (en) * 1976-10-26 1979-10-31 Delta Materials Research Ltd Methods of and systems for environmental temperature control
US4405387A (en) * 1982-02-05 1983-09-20 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited Process to produce a reversible two-way shape memory effect in a component made from a material showing a one-way shape memory effect
US4412872A (en) * 1981-03-23 1983-11-01 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited Process for manufacturing a component from a titanium alloy, as well as a component and the use thereof
EP0122057A2 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-10-17 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Betätigungsorgan aus Memory-Effect-Material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2338565A1 (fr) * 1976-01-19 1977-08-12 Delta Materials Research Ltd Dispositif de protection des circuits electriques
FR2351446A1 (fr) * 1976-05-10 1977-12-09 Delta Materials Research Ltd Organe de commande sensible a la temperature
GB1554738A (en) * 1976-10-26 1979-10-31 Delta Materials Research Ltd Methods of and systems for environmental temperature control
US4412872A (en) * 1981-03-23 1983-11-01 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited Process for manufacturing a component from a titanium alloy, as well as a component and the use thereof
US4405387A (en) * 1982-02-05 1983-09-20 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited Process to produce a reversible two-way shape memory effect in a component made from a material showing a one-way shape memory effect
EP0122057A2 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-10-17 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Betätigungsorgan aus Memory-Effect-Material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3638208A1 (de) * 1986-11-08 1988-05-11 Bks Gmbh Oberirdischer tuerschliesser mit feststelleinrichtung
CN112127746A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司 门体驱动装置及冰箱
CN112138312A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-29 安徽维嵩生产力促进有限公司 一种应急机构及基于该机构的换流变智能巡检设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0192475A3 (de) 1987-02-04
JPS61237786A (ja) 1986-10-23

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