EP0188143B1 - Schutzschaltgerät - Google Patents

Schutzschaltgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0188143B1
EP0188143B1 EP85402351A EP85402351A EP0188143B1 EP 0188143 B1 EP0188143 B1 EP 0188143B1 EP 85402351 A EP85402351 A EP 85402351A EP 85402351 A EP85402351 A EP 85402351A EP 0188143 B1 EP0188143 B1 EP 0188143B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
tripping
pin
contact
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402351A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0188143A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Landron
Christian Pichard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telemecanique SA
Original Assignee
La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by La Telemecanique Electrique SA filed Critical La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Publication of EP0188143A1 publication Critical patent/EP0188143A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0188143B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188143B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/527—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever making use of a walking beam with one extremity latchable, the other extremity actuating or supporting the movable contact and an intermediate part co-operating with the actuator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H01H71/1027—Interconnected mechanisms comprising a bidirectional connecting member actuated by the opening movement of one pole to trip a neighbour pole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker-type protective switching device, comprising in an insulating housing an interruptible current path on which are arranged cooperating contacts, one of which is fixed and the other of which is movable in response, either to actuation of a trip member on electromagnetic and / or thermal fault via a lock, or on the actuation of a voluntary trip and reset member such as a lever via a toggle mechanism.
  • Circuit breakers of this type are known, in particular from US-A-2,352,517.
  • the movable contact is arranged at a first end of a contact-carrying arm, the second end of which is associated with an erasable support. constituting the output member of the lock, the contact-carrying arm being subjected to the action of an elastic means of abrupt opening and closing; the contact-carrying arm is mounted without a fixed fulcrum, so as to pivot either by leaning on a span of the toggle mechanism when tripping on a fault, or on a span of the erasable support of the lock during manual or automatic voluntary activation.
  • the elastic means of abrupt opening and closing is then constituted by a member which can be applied, on the one hand, against the contact-carrying arm at a point thereof situated between its second end and its point of support on the mechanism toggle, on the other hand, against the housing. It is in particular desirable to give the elastic opening and closing member a simple and space-saving configuration.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to simplify the production of a circuit breaker of the aforementioned type, while making it possible to give this circuit breaker a small footprint, particularly in depth.
  • Another purpose is, in a circuit breaker using a floating contact carrier arm, to urge this arm and the toggle mechanism by simple means preventing the floating of said mechanism.
  • the resilient member of abrupt opening and closing is also applicable against the toggle mechanism, said member being constituted by a single torsion spring, pin or blade, comprising a first branch in abutment against the toggle mechanism and a second branch in abutment on the contact-carrying arm in the direction of opening in the event of tripping on fault, the spring being disengageable at the end of opening of the mobile contact.
  • the elastic stressing of the contact carrier arm is thus carried out in a particularly simple and compact manner; in particular, the branches of the pin or leaf spring may extend substantially parallel to the front face of the housing.
  • the protective switching device illustrated in the figures is a modular circuit breaker with insulating housing 10.
  • the circuit breaker has a pair of separable contacts, namely a fixed contact CF and a movable contact CM arranged on a current path provided in the housing between a first terminal 11 and a second terminal 12.
  • the housing 10 comprises an electromagnetic trip member 13 with a movable active element 14 and a bimetal thermal trip member 16 capable of actuating a lock 15, to separate the movable contact CM from the fixed contact CF following a fault such as a overcurrent, short circuit or overload, appearing at terminals 11 and 12.
  • the movable contact CM is carried by a rocker arm 20 without fixed support relative to the housing:
  • the current path established between the terminals 11 and 12 when the circuit breaker is tripped comprises a conductor 17a, the winding of the electromagnetic trip device 13, a conductor 17b, the fixed contact CF, the movable contact CM, the rocker arm 20, a flexible conductor 17c, the bimetallic strip 16 and a conductor 17d.
  • a voluntary tripping member 30 such as a pivoting lever, a push button or a rotary button is associated with the front face 18 of the case 10 of the circuit breaker, by being connected to the rocker arm 20 by a toggle link 31.
  • the size in depth of the circuit breaker that is to say the space between the front face 18 and a rear face 19 provided with fixing means on a support, is reduced due to the arrangement of the elements housed in the housing, in particular because the rocking arm is disposed substantially parallel to the plane of the face 18 in the vicinity thereof, while being connected directly to the lever 30 by a toggle link 31 of low height, while the lock 15 is rejected laterally.
  • the contact carrier arm 20 is mounted so as to pivot in a floating manner in order to pivot on axes or trunnions whose position relative to the housing is liable to vary; it is further subject to a single pin spring 40 arranged and mounted on a fixed axis 41, so as to constitute both a sudden opening means and a means of closing the movable contact CM.
  • the contact-carrying arm 20 pivots when tripping on a fault by resting on a bearing 31a of the toggle mechanism 31 (FIG. 3) and during a manual or automatic voluntary release by relying on a surface 22 of the lock 15 ( Figure 4).
  • the pivoting takes place in the event of a defect around the range 31a by lowering the range 22 of the lock (arrow f1 in FIG. 1) under the effect of the spring 40; the pivoting takes place in the event of voluntary triggering around the bearing surface 22 remaining in the high position (arrow f2 in FIG. 1) by lifting the arm by means of the bearing surface 31a itself raised by the actuation of the lever under the effect of the spring 40 and of an assistance spring specific to the lever 30.
  • the contact-carrying arm 20 has, at a first end 20a, the movable contact CM and comprises, near its median part, a guide slot 21 in which the bearing 31 a can slide sliding situated at the end of the toggle joint 31.
  • the arm 20 is articulated near its second end 20b to a lever L1 of a broken connecting rod L1, L2 by means of a pin pin A1 determining the above-mentioned bearing 22; the arm 20 carries, at its second end 20b, a lug 23 which intervenes during coupling to a neighboring device as will be explained below.
  • the contact-carrying arm 20 has, near the contact CM, an oblique surface 24 contributing to the opening of the movable contact CM during a tripping process in which a rotary insulating screen E taking part on this surface 24 participates to intervene between contacts.
  • the arm 20 finally has towards the surface 18 and near its first end 20a, a shoulder 25 capable of cooperating with a stop 26 provided in the housing.
  • the hairpin spring 40 mounted on the axis 41 has a first branch 42, the free end 43 of which is folded transversely and rests on the contact-carrying arm 20 in order to exert on the middle zone from it, a downward force f4; the spring 40 has a second branch 44 on which the bearing 31 a of the toggle 31 is capable of being applied by receiving an upward force f5.
  • the free end 45 of the second branch 44 can abut against the transverse free end 43 of the first branch to disengage the spring, as will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the lever 30 for voluntary triggering is pivotally mounted about a fixed axis A2 between a position of voluntary engagement - on the left in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 - and a position of voluntary triggering or manual reset after tripping on fault - on the right in figure 4-.
  • the lever is biased in a conventional manner by a spring which tends to rotate it from left to right according to arrow f6 (FIG. 4).
  • the lock 15 has, as already said, a broken connecting rod with two levers L1, L2.
  • the axis A1 of articulation of the contact-carrying arm 20 on the lever L1 is capable of moving from a high armed position (FIGS. 2 and 4) to a low trigger position (FIG. 3) while being guided in means coming from molding with a side wall of the housing 10 and described more fully with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the lever L1 comprises a tail 50 on which can be applied, according to an arrow f7 (FIG. 2), the bimetallic strip 16 in the event of overload, in order to cause the rupture of the broken connecting rod. It further comprises a support or a socket 51, for example a step, for receiving a cooperating element, for example a pin 52, of the lever L2 in the armed position; and a flared housing 53 formed between the step 51 and the tail 50 for guiding and receiving the pin 52 in the triggered position (FIG. 3).
  • the lever L1 further comprises a lug 54 for positioning and guiding against conformations which have come from molding with the side wall of the housing, a profile 55 provided to facilitate the initial release of the lever L1 during a trip on fault and a shoulder 56 intended to cooperate with a coupling part (see Figures 7 and 8).
  • the lever L2 is articulated on an axis A3 fixed relative to the housing 10 and has two arms 57, 58 substantially orthogonal; the arm 57 is associated with the mobile active element 14 of the electromagnetic trip device 13 which is, for example a core, a striker or, in the present example, a part of the insulating screen E of arc breaking.
  • the arm 58 carries the pin 52 at its end.
  • the axes A1 and A3 are aligned with the axis A52 of the pin 52 in the armed position; the alignment A1, A52, A3 along a straight line XX (FIG. 5) is then obtained in a perfect manner given that the axes A1 and A3 come from molding with the housing 10 and that the lug 54 of the lever L1 is applied in armed position against a stop also produced by molding the housing.
  • lever L1 is metallic and for the lever L2 to be molded in plastic material with the insertion of a metallic needle to form the pin 52 intended to cooperate with the metallic step 51 of the lever L1.
  • a spring not indicated is interposed between the contact-carrying arm 20 and the lever L1 in order to tend to rotate the latter counterclockwise around the axis A1 (arrow f8, FIG. 3).
  • a return spring, also not shown, is associated with the lever L2 in order to tend to rotate it counterclockwise around A3 (arrow f9, FIG. 3).
  • FIG. 3 shows the protective device in the tripped fault position, the broken connecting rod being broken and the spring 40 being disengaged;
  • FIG. 4 shows the device in the voluntary release position, the contact-carrying arm 20 being in the position applied against the stop 26 of the housing after lifting by the toggle joint 31, the broken connecting rod L1, L2 remaining intact and the spring 40 being still disengaged.
  • FIG. 4a shows the guidance of the bearing 31 a of the toggle joint 31 which cooperates with the arm 20 against a ramp 27 with two ribs molded in the wall of the housing 10, making it possible to dictate the stroke of the bearing 31a between a position of voluntary activation 31a1 and a voluntary triggering or resetting position 31a2.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a ramp 60 formed by a rib molded with a side face of the housing 10.
  • the ramp 60 forms a flared V-shaped trough by means of a vertical branch 60a and an oblique branch 60b, so as to accommodate and guide the axis A1; the ramp 60 also includes an inclined branch 60c connected to the vertical branch 60a.
  • the pin 52, the thickness of the branch 60a and the position of the lug 54 of the lever L1 applied in abutment against this branch under the effect of the torque f8 are determined to perfectly align, along XX in the armed position, the axis A52 of pin 52, axis A1 housed at the bottom of the V of the chute and axis A3.
  • the lever L2 When a fault occurs, the lever L2 is pushed clockwise (arrow f10, Figure 6) and releases the pin 52- from the step 51 of the lever L1, so that the latter, driven down by the lever 20, pivots clockwise around the axis A1 (arrow f11, Figure 6) by the effect of the guide of the lug 54 along the branch 60c to the position indicated in Figure 6; the pin 52 is then engaged in the flared housing 53 of the lever L1.
  • the lever L1 is associated by means of a coupling piece 70 capable of pivoting around a fixed axis A4 with a neighboring device not indicated for triggering or signaling.
  • the coupling piece 70 for this purpose comprises a facet 71 capable of cooperating with the shoulder 56 of the lever L1, a drive finger 72 designed to cooperate with the lug 23 which is provided at the second end 20b of the support arm contact 20, as well as a lug 73 projecting transversely into a window 28 provided in a side face of the housing as an input or output means.
  • the neighboring device When the neighboring device trips on fault, it can lift the lug 73 clockwise from the position in FIG. 7, so that the coupling piece 70 rotates according to the arrow f12 and in doing so drives by the facet 71 applied against the shoulder 56, the pivoting of the lever L1 and the breaking of the broken connecting rod.
  • the circuit breaker shown in the figures works as follows:
  • the contact carrier arm 20 is disposed substantially parallel to the front face 18 of the circuit breaker and the handle 30 occupies the engaged position on the left in the figures.
  • the movable contact CM is applied to the fixed contact CF under the effect of the force produced by the spring 40 according to the arrow f4, while the end 20b of the contact carrier arm is in contact with the bearing surface 22 of the lock 15 whose levers L1, L2 are in the deployed position.
  • the broken connecting rod evolves as follows.
  • the lever L1 slides by its surface 55 on the axis A4.
  • the already described descent from the axis A1 leads to the release of the surface 55 from the axis A4.
  • the lug 54 hitherto in abutment against the branch 60a of the rib 60 of the housing, descends on the oblique ramp portion 60c of this rib and constrains the lever L1 to pivot clockwise. Due to the simultaneous time pivoting of the lever L2 around the axis A3 and the presence of the flared housing 53 in the lever L1, the pin 52 comes to the bottom of this housing ( Figure 3).
  • the movement of the arm 20 is the same as that which has just been described, but it is the lever L1 which causes the retraction of the lock.
  • the bimetallic strip 16 in fact actuates the tail 50 of the lever L1 according to the arrow f7 and constrains the lever to pivot clockwise to release the step 51 from the pin 52.
  • the lever 30 passes from the position of FIGS. 1 and 2 to that of FIG. 4.
  • the toggle exceeds its neutral point and the bearing 31a comes to bear against the 'upper end of the guide slot 21; the branch 44 of the spring 40 then exerts on the bearing 31a an effort confirming the rotation of the lever according to the arrow f6, while the branch 42 of the same spring continues to exert its force along f4 on the arm 20.
  • the reclosing of the circuit breaker, from the position of FIG. 4, takes place by rotation of the handle 30 counterclockwise.
  • the bearing 31a has applied against the branch 44 of the spring 40; this branch emerges from the other branch 42 which, therefore, can exert on the arm 20 the desired closing force.
  • the contact-carrying arm pivots counterclockwise around the bearing 22 of axis A4 and the movable contact is applied and remains applied to the fixed contact by the spring 40.

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  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Schutzschaltgerät des Unterbrechertyps mit, in einem Isoliergehäuse (10), einem unterbrechbaren Stromweg, auf dem Kontakte, die zusammenarbeiten, angeordnet sind, deren einer (CF) stationär und deren anderer (CM) beweglich ist, entweder infolge der Betätigung eines Auslöseorgans, bei Auftreten eines Fehlers elektromagnetischen (13) und/oder thermischen (16) Ursprungs, mittels einer Schliessvorrichtung (15), oder infolge der Betätigung eines Organs zur absichtlichen Auslösung und Wiedereinschaltung (30), wie zum Beispiel eines Bedienungshebels, mittels eines Kniegelenks (31), wobef der bewegliche Kontakt (CM) an einem ersten Ende (20a) eines Kontaktträgerarms (20) angebracht ist, dessen zweites Ende (20b) einer rückstellbaren Auflage zugeordnet ist, welche das Einführteil der Schliessvorrichtung (15) bildet, und der Kontaktträgerarm (20) der Wirkung eines elastischen Mittels zur plötzlichen Öffnung und Schliessung unterworfen ist und ohne einen festen Stützpunkt angeordnet ist, um schwenkbar zu sein, entweder indem er sich auf eine Auflage (31a) des Kniehebelmechanismus (31) stützt, bei einer Auslösung durch einen Fehler, oder auf eine Auflage (22) der rückstellbaren Stütze der Schliessvorrichtung (15), bei einer absichtlichen Auslösung, von Hand oder automatisch, wobei das elastische Mittel zur plötzlichen Öffnung und Schliessung ein Organ ist, welches einerseits gegen den Kontaktträgerarm (20) angelegt werden kann, an einem Punkt zwischen dessen zweitem Ende (20b) und seinem Auflagepunkt auf dem Kniegelenkhebel (31), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Mittel zur plötzlichen Öffnung und Schliessung andererseits gegen den Kniehebelmechanismus (31) angelegt werden kann, wobei besagtes Organ von einer einzigen Haarnadel- oder Blattorsionsfeder (40) gebildet wird, deren einer Schenkel (44) gegen einen Kniegelenkmechanismus (31) anliegt und deren zweiter Schenkel (42) gegen den Kontaktträgerarm (20) in Öffnungsrichtung bei Auslösung durche einen Fehler anliegt und die Feder (40) am Ende der Öffnung des beweglichen Kontaktes (CM) abgekuppelt werden kann.
2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abkuppelung der Feder (40) am Ende der Öffnung des beweglichen Kontaktes (CM) stattfindet, indem ihr erster Schenkel (44) gegen den zweiten Schenkel (42) zum Anschlag kommt.
3. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, in dem das Gehäuse (10) eine Führungsrampe (27) aufweist, welche den Hub des Endes (31a) des Kniehebelmechanismus bestimmt, bei einer automatischen Auslösung und Wiedereinschaltung oder von Hand, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktträgerarm (20) ein Führungsmittel (21) aufweist, welches einen Ausschlag des Endes (31a) des Kniehebelmechanismus (31) ermöglicht.
4. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schliessvorrichtung (15) ein gebrochenes Verbindungsglied mit zwei Hebeln (L1, L2) aufweist, die nichtstabil aufeinander ruhen und der Kontaktträgerarm (20) an seinem zweiten Ende (20b) mittels einer Achse (A1) gelenkig mit dem ersten Hebel (L1) des Gliedes verbunden ist, während der zweite Hebel (L2) des Gliedes im Verhältnis zu einer stationären Achse (A3) des Gehäuses schwenkbar ist, und das gebrochene Glied dem Fehlerauslöseorgan unterworfen ist, und der erste Hebel (L1) des gebrochenen Gliedes einen Fortsatz (50) aufweist, der von einem thermischen Auslöseelement (16) beaufschagt werden kann und der zweite Hebel (L2) des gebrochenen Gliedes einen Schenkel (57) aufweist, der von einem elektromagnetischen Auslöseelement (14) beaufschlagt werden kann.
5. Gerät nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Hebel (L1) mit einem Positionierungszapfen (54) versehen ist, der mit einem Anschlag des Gehäusers (10) zusammenarbeitet, sowie mit einer Stütze (51) für einen, dem zweiten Hebel (L2) zugeordneten Stift (52), so dass, wenn das gebrochene Glied (L1, L2) gespannt ist, die Achse (A52) des Stiftes in einer Linie mit der Achse (X-X) angeordnet ist, welche die Achse (A1) des ersten Hebels und die stationäre Drehachse (A3) des Hebels (L2) im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse (10) verbindet.
6. Gerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Positionierungszapfen (54) bei einer Auslösung durch Fehler mit einem Rampenabschnitt (60c) zusammenarbeitet, der es ermöglicht, dass sich der erste Hebel (L1) vom thermischen Auslöseelement (16) befreit.
7. Gerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Hebel (L1) mit einem Profil (55) versehen ist, das, im Verhältnis zur Achse (A1), gegenüber dem Anschlag (51) angeordnet ist und das, sobald eine Auslösung eingeleitet ist, gegen eine Fläche (A4) anliegt, die im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse stationär ist.
8. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Hebel (L2) des gebrochenen Gliedes mit einem schwenkbaren Isolierschirm zusammenarbeitet, der bei einer Auslösung zwischen den stationären Kontakt (CF) und den beweglichen Kontakt (CM) geschoben werden kann, wobei der Kontakträgerarm (20) eine geneigte und vom Schirm anstossbare Fläche (24) aufweist.
9. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einer der ersten Hebel des gebrochenen Gliedes (L1, L2) aus Plastikmaterial ist und eine darin angebrachte Metallnadel aufweist, welche den Stift (52) bildet und der andere Hebel aus Metall ist.
EP85402351A 1984-12-13 1985-11-29 Schutzschaltgerät Expired EP0188143B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419043 1984-12-13
FR8419043A FR2574987B1 (fr) 1984-12-13 1984-12-13 Appareil interrupteur de protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188143A1 EP0188143A1 (de) 1986-07-23
EP0188143B1 true EP0188143B1 (de) 1988-09-14

Family

ID=9310546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402351A Expired EP0188143B1 (de) 1984-12-13 1985-11-29 Schutzschaltgerät

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4677406A (de)
EP (1) EP0188143B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61143919A (de)
BR (1) BR8506262A (de)
DE (1) DE3565023D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8702080A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2574987B1 (de)

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CN104465246A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2015-03-25 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 断路器的驱动机构及其断路器

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FR2585177B1 (fr) * 1985-07-19 1987-10-30 Telemecanique Electrique Piece de support de contacts mobiles, notamment pour appareil interrupteur de protection
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US5866996A (en) * 1996-12-19 1999-02-02 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Contact arm with internal in-line spring
US5894260A (en) * 1996-12-19 1999-04-13 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Thermal sensing bi-metal trip actuator for a circuit breaker
US5844188A (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-12-01 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Circuit breaker with improved trip mechanism
US6087914A (en) * 1996-12-19 2000-07-11 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Circuit breaker combination thermal and magnetic trip actuator
US5987448A (en) 1997-07-25 1999-11-16 Claritech Corporation Methodology for displaying search results using character recognition
MXPA03005144A (es) * 2003-06-10 2004-12-15 Chavez Jimenez Roberto Mejora a incertos intercambiables en contacto movil y su soporte de un contactor monobloque de combinador traccion-frenado.
US8836453B2 (en) * 2011-10-07 2014-09-16 Siemens Industry, Inc. Electronic circuit breaker, electronic circuit breaker subassembly, circuit breaker secondary electrical contact assembly, and powering methods

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104465246A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2015-03-25 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 断路器的驱动机构及其断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4677406A (en) 1987-06-30
FR2574987A1 (fr) 1986-06-20
ES8702080A1 (es) 1986-12-01
JPS61143919A (ja) 1986-07-01
DE3565023D1 (en) 1988-10-20
FR2574987B1 (fr) 1987-04-24
ES549930A0 (es) 1986-12-01
BR8506262A (pt) 1986-08-26
EP0188143A1 (de) 1986-07-23

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