EP0185576A1 - Elektrischer Schalter mit Schirm - Google Patents

Elektrischer Schalter mit Schirm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0185576A1
EP0185576A1 EP85402286A EP85402286A EP0185576A1 EP 0185576 A1 EP0185576 A1 EP 0185576A1 EP 85402286 A EP85402286 A EP 85402286A EP 85402286 A EP85402286 A EP 85402286A EP 0185576 A1 EP0185576 A1 EP 0185576A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
case
housing
contact
opening
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85402286A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0185576B1 (de
Inventor
Elie Belbel
André Haury
Christian Blanchard
Michel Lauraire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telemecanique SA
Original Assignee
Telemecanique Electrique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telemecanique Electrique SA filed Critical Telemecanique Electrique SA
Priority to AT85402286T priority Critical patent/ATE44421T1/de
Publication of EP0185576A1 publication Critical patent/EP0185576A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0185576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0185576B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switch in which the arc appearing between two movable contacts relative to one another in a chamber, is sheared between two insulating walls, one of which belongs to an insulating screen which is rapidly inserted between these two contacts by establishing a total isolation between them.
  • switches which can be advantageously used in protective devices with automatic or triggered opening, are described for example in French patent application No. 83 01749 which was filed on February 4, 1983 by the Applicant. These switches can also be used in breaking devices which are traversed by a large nominal current.
  • the invention proposes to improve the operation and the final insulation of a screen switch by maintaining in the arc chamber, after the opening of the contacts and for a certain time, a pressure as high as possible, without cause a risk of deterioration of the rooms of this room and by using to propel the screen an energy which, on the one hand, is not limited when the current exceeds a certain threshold and which, on the other hand, constantly increases if this arc is not quickly extinguished.
  • the aim is achieved thanks to the fact that the movable screen has in its wall an opening, through which the movable contact passes in the closed position, and is mechanically connected to an insulating part delimiting, with the enclosure, a variable volume space in which the fixed contact is placed, so that the gas pressure caused by the energy of the arc at the time of the separation of the contacts exerts on the insulating part a force which causes the screen to move towards a position where the arc is sheared in this opening and against an insulating surface placed opposite when the movable contact no longer crosses the opening.
  • the switching device 1 visible in FIG. 1, comprises an insulating box 2 in the upper part of which is placed a cylindrical housing 3 of axis XX ′ which is terminated on one side by a partition 4 and on the opposite opposite side by a bottom 5 carrying a cylindrical extension or portion 6 of smaller diameter which is coaxial with XX 'and which extends axially over a fraction of the length of the housing.
  • An insulating material case 7 comprising a bottom 8 and a cylindrical skirt 9, has an internal surface 12 which slides with a slight clearance on the surface 6 'of the portion 6; the length of this case is such that, when the end 13 of the skirt rests on the bottom 5, for example under the action of a weak return spring 14 disposed between it and the wall 4, a certain distance "d" remains between the front face 15 and this wall.
  • an opening 10 placed in the skirt 9 opens into a space 16 which is located between the bottom 8 and a front face 17 of the portion 6.
  • a conductive part 18 which passes longitudinally through the portion 6, has at a first end 19 a connection terminal 20 for an electrical circuit and, at a second opposite end 21, a fixed contact piece 22 which is placed in the space 16 opposite the opening 10.
  • a movable contact piece 25 In a cavity 23 of the housing, placed in the vicinity of the housing 3 and communicating with the latter by a passage 24 which is located opposite the opening 10, for the rest position, is disposed a movable contact piece 25.
  • This part has, for example, the form of a lever 26 which oscillates at a first end 27 on a pivot 28 fixed in the housing and which has at a second opposite end 29 a movable contact 30 which passes through the passage and the opening to bear, under the effect of a spring 31, against the fixed contact 22: see also Figure 2.
  • a flexible and conductive braid 32 connects the moving part 25 to a magnetic device 33, sensitive to an overcurrent of determined value, which is itself even connected to a first end 34 of conductor 35, a second opposite end 36 of which constitutes a second terminal 37 of the device: see also FIG. 2.
  • This magnetic device 33 comprises for example a coil 33 'shown diagrammatically and a pusher 38, which is placed opposite a heel 39 of the lever 26 so as to apply thereto a torque counterclockwise greater than that of the spring 31 when an overcurrent of the current passing from terminal 20 to terminal 37 appears.
  • the pusher 38 may itself be linked to a frame, pallet or core associated with the coil, or else be a part of an elastic mechanism whose energy is released by the action of the coil on a latch.
  • a vent 43 connecting the housing 3 to the atmosphere is placed opposite the orifice 11 when the case arrives in an intermediate position between the rest position and the active position A, so that the internal space 16, whose volume then increased, is then connected to this atmosphere.
  • a magnetizable, fixed U-shaped part, 40 has two branches 41, 42 which laterally surround the lever 26: see also Figure 4; this part exerts on the lever, when the latter is traversed by a very intense current, forces F which, in cooperation with electrodynamic forces which are exerted between the conductor 18 and the lever 26, cause the latter to tilt in the anticlockwise.
  • the operating mode of the switches of the two types of device is identical and comprises two successive phases: when an overcurrent appears, following the presence of a fault on the line which includes the device in series, the movable contact 30 is first separated from the fixed contact 22 on which it is supported, either by the forces F, or by the pusher 38.
  • vent 46 can also connect the chamber or cavity 23 to the atmosphere.
  • a contact lever such as 51 belonging to an apparatus as described above reaches, after opening, a position illustrated in FIG. 5, a lock 52 comes to cooperate elastically with an extension 51 ′ of the latter, thanks to a spring 53 , to keep it in a trigger position remote from the case, shown in dotted lines.
  • This position can be modified later by an action, for example manual, on a pusher 54 of this lock, so as to return the switch to its closed state.
  • the arc cannot find a path for establishing a reset between the two contacts and total isolation is not only immediately established, but also maintained between them after opening.
  • a restoration of the circuit can be obtained, either by removing the contact 30 from a spout 45 of the skirt 9 with which it cooperated for position A (using first means not shown) and, in this case , the case is pushed to the right by the spring 14 to allow a new passage of the movable contact 30 through the opening 10, or again by exerting to the right (using second means not shown) a force on the case for escaping the contact 30 from the spout 45.
  • a damping of the movement can be obtained, either thanks to a measured friction of the case in its housing, possibly associated with a spring 14 having an appropriate elasticity, or thanks to the presence of a calibrated orifice, such as 46, in the wall 4, to give the volume of air placed in front of the case a corresponding property, or again by the presence of an elastomer damping cushion, such as 50, which is disposed between the case and the wall: see FIG. 5 .
  • a reduction in the effective average pressure of the gases in the space 16 can be obtained, either by placing a calibrated orifice 47 in the front wall 8 of the case, or by giving a particular position and width to the orifice 11 and the vent 43.
  • the orifices 46 and 47 could also include valves, known per se, opening automatically when a certain pressure difference exists between their inlets and their outlets.
  • the case is cylindrical, which requires the use of angular orientation means (not shown), so that the openings, orifices and passages keep their position of cooperation.
  • the switch which has just been described has, over those which are known in the prior art, the advantage that the energy which causes the displacement of the screen increases, either if the latter slows down, for example when an abnormal friction occurs, that is to say if the energy of the arc increases itself.
  • the switch device which has just been described can be subject to modifications without departing from the scope of the invention; this is how the movable insulating part could (see FIG. 16) take the form of a piston 210 enclosing between it and the housing 212 a space 219 of variable volume and moving in a cylinder 211 of housing 212 provided with a opening 213 for the passage of the movable contact.
  • a lever 218 pivoted in the housing 212 ′ can be used to connect the piston and the screen in order to provide a certain dynamic balancing (see FIG. 17).
  • a coil 71 associated for example with a magnetizable yoke 78, is placed in series with a switch 72 comparable to the preceding ones and comprised between two terminals 73, 74; this winding cooperates with a plunger core 75 placed coaxially with a case 76.
  • the plunger core the rest position of which is provided by a spring 77, is integral with a rod 79 which passes through an opening 80 in the bottom of the case and has inside the case a head 81 which is wider than the latter.
  • the idle state of the switch shown in this figure 8 shows that the striker can perform, when a significant overcurrent appears between the terminals, a stroke f which causes the drive of the case in direction L
  • a stroke f which causes the drive of the case in direction L
  • the movable contact 82 which passes through the opening 83 of the case is then separated from the fixed contact 84 at high speed by the lower edge 83 'of this opening.
  • the electric arc which appears at this time causes, before being sheared, an increase in the pressure in the internal volume 85, which propels the case in the direction L along a complementary path of length g2 before the nucleus has not covered its entire course.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to combine the advantages of a very rapid movement of the screen over a short stroke and those of a speed which is maintained by the action of pressure over a greater stroke.
  • the case comprises at least one decompression opening 86 disposed opposite a window 87 for a certain position.
  • a magnetizable structure 88 in the form of a U can advantageously be associated with the lever 89 which carries the movable contact when the switch is used in a short-circuit protection device of any kind.
  • This embodiment in fact makes it possible to confer on the same switch system, on the one hand, very rapid opening properties with limitation, which are necessary for automatic openings when frank short circuits appear (thanks to the effects of the structure 88, or of those of the electrodynamic repulsion which in this case separates the movable contact 82 and the fixed contact 84 by loop effect) and, on the other hand, opening properties fast enough to establish an effective breaking lower intensity short-circuit currents on impeded load, which allow the use of a coil 71, a core 75 and a yoke at their saturation limit.
  • a coil 90 placed in series with the contacts 91, 92 of the switch, cooperates with a plunger core 93, an extension 94 of which strikes by a movement at a shoulder 95 of a case 96 arranged in parallel; this same striker triggers, by the movement d, of, a transmission 97 to an elastic energy accumulator 98 associated with the movable contact lever 99, so as to communicate to it a rapid displacement b; a magnetizable structure 100 in the shape of a U, the branches of which surround the lever exerts on it an attraction c in the direction of opening.
  • the displacement e of the case is caused by the appearance of the electric arc.
  • FIG. 12 An improvement applicable to all of the embodiments (but which is more particularly justified when it is desired to directly use the speed properties of a magnetic core) is shown in FIG. 12.
  • the fixed contact 110 cooperating with at least one movable contact 111 of a switch 112 can, to operate an opening, slip off axially thanks to the action of a plunger core 113 to which it is coupled.
  • the action of this plunger core which is surrounded by a coil 114 placed in series with the contacts, can be supplemented by that of a magnetizable pallet 115, associated with a yoke 197, the movement of which triggers, by a transmission 120, a force accumulator 116 capable of moving the movable contact 111.
  • a magnetizable U-shaped structure, 118 can be arranged around that to cause it to open to a level of intensity distinct from that which attracts the nucleus.
  • a mechanical connection 117 ′ is established, either between the movable contacts 111, 117, or between the lever 117 and this mechanism 116: see broken lines.
  • a second U-shaped part, 119 could also be placed around the contact lever 121 in the absence of the second contact 117.
  • the electrical circuit which is closed in the first case by the conductors 196, 192 and 193 leading to the terminals 194 , 195, would be, in the case of using a single movable contact, closed by the conductor 198 shown in dotted lines.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 shows that the previous configurations, if they are preferred because of the ease of obtaining a tight sliding, are not exclusive. Indeed, a case open such as 125 having a discontinuous skirt due to the presence of a notch 126 and movable in a housing 130 'of a housing 131 can perfectly perform the same functions as above, if its bottom 127 and its side walls 128 , 129 are sufficiently watertight along the closure surface 130 belonging to the housing 131. This arrangement even has the advantage of establishing, between the external surface of the case 132 and an opposite surface 133 of the housing, when the internal pressure rises, an application without play which is beneficial to operate the shearing of the arc and establish the total isolation which must succeed it.
  • the decompression of the internal chamber 134 occurs when the bottom 127 comes opposite the opening 135 of the housing.
  • a portion 136 of the housing 131 carries the fixed contact 137, while an opening 138 of the wall 125 'of the case parallel to the direction of movement authorizes the passage of the movable contact 139.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 two cylindrical cases 151, 152 sliding in two housings 160, 161 of the same body 150 are placed side by side so that their axes are parallel.
  • a single movable lever 153 biased by a spring 159 in the closing direction, carries, at its free end, a movable contact 154 which is capable of simultaneously meet the two fixed contacts 155, 156 this mobile contact preferably comprises known means which give it a degree of freedom allowing its orientation in the manner of a contact bridge 155.
  • This mobile contact no longer needs to be connected to a conductive braid, because the current flows through a first conductor 157 ending in the first fixed contact 155 through the movable contact 154 and, then, through the conductor 158 ending in the fixed contact 156.
  • a chamber 164 where the movable contact lever 153 is located as well as the housing 160 where the case flows, comprises, as before, exhaust openings 163-162 so that the gases released by the arc are decompressed and / or heated by him. Bodies necessary for opening the movable contact and which can be drawn from the preceding examples have not been shown in these figures. Given the absence of current flowing in the lever 153, however, it cannot be associated with a magnetizable U-shaped structure; such a structure should cooperate here with the horizontal branch 165 of the movable contact bridge.
  • FIG. 15 is illustrated, in a housing 170, a combination of two separate switches 171, 172 each having their sliding case, 173 and 174 respectively, placed in coaxial housings 175, 176, and their movable contact lever, 177, 178 respectively.
  • These cases move in opposite directions, which improves the dynamic balance of the case.
  • Insulated conductors 179, 180 connected to the fixed contacts 181, 182, deviate from the axis in parallel after having followed two coaxial directions; a conductive braid 183, which permanently connects the two movable contact levers 177, 178, closes a loop-shaped current circuit which is particularly well suited to the generation of electrodynamic forces capable of spreading the contact levers when appear very high currents in the circuit.
  • ancillary members causing, as before, an opening of the contact levers for overcurrents of current for different levels, have not been shown for simplicity.
  • references of the same numerical rank, possibly accompanied by alphabetical indices, have been used to indicate the presence of material provisions having the same aims; this is in particular the case for the openings and vents which make it possible to evacuate gases present in front of, or inside, cases as shown in 46, 46 ', 43 and 11 in FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Distribution Board (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Automatic Disk Changers (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP85402286A 1984-11-26 1985-11-25 Elektrischer Schalter mit Schirm Expired EP0185576B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85402286T ATE44421T1 (de) 1984-11-26 1985-11-25 Elektrischer schalter mit schirm.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8417963A FR2573913B1 (fr) 1984-11-26 1984-11-26 Interrupteur electrique a ecran
FR8417963 1984-11-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0185576A1 true EP0185576A1 (de) 1986-06-25
EP0185576B1 EP0185576B1 (de) 1989-07-05

Family

ID=9309925

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402286A Expired EP0185576B1 (de) 1984-11-26 1985-11-25 Elektrischer Schalter mit Schirm

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4700030A (de)
EP (1) EP0185576B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61153907A (de)
AT (1) ATE44421T1 (de)
BR (1) BR8505923A (de)
CA (1) CA1256919A (de)
CH (1) CH666137A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3541747A1 (de)
ES (1) ES8609804A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2573913B1 (de)
GB (1) GB2168199B (de)
IE (1) IE56973B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1186213B (de)
ZA (1) ZA859038B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005745A1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1987-09-24 La Telemecanique Electrique Appareil interrupteur de protection muni d'un ecran de coupure d'arc

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8703636D0 (en) * 1987-02-17 1987-03-25 Fdb Electrical Ltd Earth leakage circuit breaker
US4801772A (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-01-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Current limiting circuit interrupter with insulating wedge
FR2632771B1 (fr) * 1988-06-10 1990-08-31 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur limiteur basse tension a chambre de coupure etanche
DE3823790A1 (de) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-18 Asea Brown Boveri Elektrisches installationsgeraet mit kontakttrennwand
SI9111607A (en) * 1991-09-30 1997-10-31 Elektroelement Izlake D D Contact-arc system of an installation contactor
DE19735521A1 (de) * 1997-08-16 1999-02-18 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung für einen kurzschlußstrombegrenzenden Niederspannungsschalter
US7138597B2 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-11-21 Eaton Corporation Circuit breaker with arc gas propelled movable contact and opposed arc cutoff shutters
DE102006033766A1 (de) * 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Abb Technology Ag Kontaktanordnung für eine Kurzschließeinrichtung in einer Mittel- oder Hochspannungsschaltanlage
EP2169794A1 (de) * 2008-09-26 2010-03-31 Eaton Electric B.V. Schaltinstallation mit Bogenschutz und Bogenschutzverfahren
DE102010061110A1 (de) † 2010-12-08 2012-06-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Thermische Abtrennvorrichtung
CN104022002B (zh) * 2014-05-27 2015-12-02 通能顺达科技国际有限公司 一种快速切弧断路器
CN104022000B (zh) * 2014-05-27 2017-04-05 通能顺达科技国际有限公司 一种快速反应脱离断路器和断路器的快速反应脱离方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE472305C (de) * 1927-10-30 1929-02-26 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Loeschkammer fuer Schalter
DE959660C (de) * 1953-05-30 1957-03-07 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Loeschkammer eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters
EP0118333A1 (de) * 1983-02-04 1984-09-12 Telemecanique Schalter mit einer sich beim Ausschalten zwischen den Kontakten einschiebenden Isolierstoffwand und mit Lichtbogenabquetschmittel zwischen der Isolierstoffwand und einem Isolierstoffgehäuse

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116673A (en) * 1935-08-12 1938-05-10 Lawrence E Fisher Switch
DE657732C (de) * 1935-12-17 1938-03-11 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schalter, insbesondere Installationsselbstschalter
DE1805682U (de) * 1959-02-17 1960-02-11 Siemens Ag Starkstromschalteinrichtung fuer schnelles ausschalten.
JPH0642347B2 (ja) * 1981-11-12 1994-06-01 三菱電機株式会社 開閉装置
FR2540666B1 (fr) * 1983-02-04 1986-10-10 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur limiteur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE472305C (de) * 1927-10-30 1929-02-26 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Loeschkammer fuer Schalter
DE959660C (de) * 1953-05-30 1957-03-07 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Loeschkammer eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters
EP0118333A1 (de) * 1983-02-04 1984-09-12 Telemecanique Schalter mit einer sich beim Ausschalten zwischen den Kontakten einschiebenden Isolierstoffwand und mit Lichtbogenabquetschmittel zwischen der Isolierstoffwand und einem Isolierstoffgehäuse

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005745A1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1987-09-24 La Telemecanique Electrique Appareil interrupteur de protection muni d'un ecran de coupure d'arc
US4849591A (en) * 1986-03-21 1989-07-18 La Telemecanique Electrique Protection cutting apparatus provided with an arc breaking screen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8522974A0 (it) 1985-11-25
IE56973B1 (en) 1992-02-26
IE852967L (en) 1986-05-26
CA1256919A (fr) 1989-07-04
FR2573913A1 (fr) 1986-05-30
DE3541747A1 (de) 1986-05-28
GB2168199A (en) 1986-06-11
ES8609804A1 (es) 1986-07-16
ZA859038B (en) 1986-08-27
BR8505923A (pt) 1986-08-19
JPS61153907A (ja) 1986-07-12
IT1186213B (it) 1987-11-18
ES549290A0 (es) 1986-07-16
ATE44421T1 (de) 1989-07-15
GB2168199B (en) 1989-06-28
GB8529129D0 (en) 1986-01-02
US4700030A (en) 1987-10-13
CH666137A5 (fr) 1988-06-30
EP0185576B1 (de) 1989-07-05
FR2573913B1 (fr) 1987-01-09

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