EP0184782A2 - Sail arrangement - Google Patents

Sail arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0184782A2
EP0184782A2 EP85115501A EP85115501A EP0184782A2 EP 0184782 A2 EP0184782 A2 EP 0184782A2 EP 85115501 A EP85115501 A EP 85115501A EP 85115501 A EP85115501 A EP 85115501A EP 0184782 A2 EP0184782 A2 EP 0184782A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
sail
tree
pivot
training according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85115501A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0184782A3 (en
EP0184782B1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Hatlapa
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85115501T priority Critical patent/ATE55740T1/en
Publication of EP0184782A2 publication Critical patent/EP0184782A2/en
Publication of EP0184782A3 publication Critical patent/EP0184782A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0184782B1 publication Critical patent/EP0184782B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sail assembly for sailboats, consisting of a mast and a tree for receiving a sail.
  • Sail arrangements of this type are known in a variety of embodiments.
  • open-ended masts which have a rotatable, aerodynamically shaped envelope, on the trailing edge of which the manure for the sail is located.
  • this rig with a combined profile and sail can only be turned at a limited angle.
  • Riggs with a rotatable, self-supporting mast which forms a fixed unit with tree and gaff, have also become known.
  • this mast is assigned a rotatable slat with which the wind is directed to the suction side and the overall profile is improved.
  • a surface-mounted mast design with an oval cross-section which has two slurries running in parallel on the front edge of the mast and has a double sail which is spread apart when sailing against the wind and is intended to replace a spinnaker.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple design of the generic type, which enables strong propulsion with little heeling taking into account different wind strengths and ensures simple operability by one person.
  • the mast and the tree form a unit which is mounted on a pivot pin engaging the tree to form an axis of rotation in the hull, the pivot pin being arranged offset with respect to the mast.
  • This design makes it easy to correct the angle of attack of the entire rig, and even a less-trained sailor is able to turn the rig into a position in which not only the wind pressure in the windward area, but to a much greater extent the suction power the leeward side of the sail takes effect almost over its entire length.
  • the mast is rotatably arranged on the boom via a lockable pivot. This makes it easier to reef the sail.
  • the mast is designed as a profile mast.
  • the sail with its leech in a rail on the tree. is guided adjustable.
  • the mast carries a spar on its mast nock and the sail with its leech on the tree and spar is guided in rails.
  • a major advantage of the design according to the invention is the rapid adaptation to changes in the wind direction and the rapid parade of a strong gust, which takes place much more quickly by changing the angle of attack more or less than by loosening the sheet. Neither a change of course nor rowing is necessary for this. Since the rudder system remains essentially midships when using the rig and no major yawing moments have to be controlled, loss of travel is avoided.
  • a unit is formed from a mast 1 and a tree 2, which receives a sail 4. 1 with a profile mast 1, a manure 5 is arranged on the mast leading edge, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the mast trailing edge has a manure 5.
  • the boom 2 is arranged with a pivot 3 at a distance from the mast 1 and in the hull rotatably mounted, so that a rotary movement of 360 0 is made possible.
  • the leech is adjustably guided in a rail of the tree 2 via a holding point 8.
  • the tree 2 is adjustable via a rotating device 6 or a winch with a sheet 7.
  • the mast 1 is additionally arranged opposite the boom 2 via a lockable pivot pin 10 and is thus designed to reef the sail 4.
  • a spar 9 for receiving a trapezoidal sail is also arranged on the mast cam, the spar 9 being held parallel to the tree 2 by suitable means, for example by an inner tube.
  • the corresponding end of the leech is adjustable on the spar 9 via a rail and, like the fastening point 8 in the rail of the boom 2, is adjustable via a sheet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

1. Sail mounting for sailing boats, consisting of a mast (1) and a boom (2) for receiving a sail (4), wherein the boom (2) is mounted in the boat body via a rotary shaft (3) to form an axis of rotation and the mast (1) is mounted on the boom (2) at a distance from the rotary shaft (3), characterised in that the mast (1) is rotatably mounted on the boom (2) via a lockable rotary shaft (10).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht siuh auf eine Segelanordnung für Segelboote, bestehend aus einem Mast und einem Baum zur Aufnahme eines Segels.The invention relates to a sail assembly for sailboats, consisting of a mast and a tree for receiving a sail.

Segelanordnungen dieser Art sind in vielfältigen Ausführungsformen bekannt. Hierbei ist es auch bekannt, verstagte Masten anzuordnen, die eine drehbare, strömungsgünstig geformte Umhüllung aufweisen, an deren Abströmkante sich die Güll für das Segel befindet. Dieses oft bei Katamaranen verwendete Rigg mit kombiniertem Profil und Segel läßt sich nur in einem begrenzten Winkel verdrehen.Sail arrangements of this type are known in a variety of embodiments. Here it is also known to arrange open-ended masts which have a rotatable, aerodynamically shaped envelope, on the trailing edge of which the manure for the sail is located. Often used in catamarans, this rig with a combined profile and sail can only be turned at a limited angle.

Ferner sind auch Riggs mit drehbarem, freitragendem Mast, der mit Baum und Gaffel eine feste Einheit bildet, bekannt geworden. Diesem Mast ist aber mangels einer guten Stromlinienform ein drehbarer Vorflügel zugeordnet, mit dem der Wind zur Saugseite geleitet und das Gesamtprofil verbessert wird.Riggs with a rotatable, self-supporting mast, which forms a fixed unit with tree and gaff, have also become known. In the absence of a good streamlined shape, this mast is assigned a rotatable slat with which the wind is directed to the suction side and the overall profile is improved.

Weiterhin ist auch eine verstagte Mastausführung mit ovalem Querschnitt bekannt, die zwei an der Mastvorderkante parallel verlaufende Gülls aufweist und ein Doppelsegel hat, das beim Segeln vor dem Wind auseinander gespreizt wird und einen Spinnacker ersetzen soll.Furthermore, a surface-mounted mast design with an oval cross-section is also known, which has two slurries running in parallel on the front edge of the mast and has a double sail which is spread apart when sailing against the wind and is intended to replace a spinnaker.

Alle angeführten Riggausführungen haben für besondere Einsatzbereiche Vorteile; es treten jedoch auch viele Nachteile auf. So ist beispielsweise ein symmetrisches festes Profil nur bei einer hohen Windstärke wirksam, und der hierbei herrschende Seegang, der das Boot ins Rollen bringt, schmälert beträchtlich die Vortriebswirkung dieses Riggs. :All of the rig designs listed have advantages for special areas of application; however, there are also many disadvantages. For example, a symmetrical, firm profile is only effective when the wind is strong, and the prevailing swell that sets the boat rolling considerably reduces the propulsion effect of this rig. :

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine einfache Ausbildung der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, die einen starken Vortrieb bei wenig Krängung unter Berücksichtigung unterschiedlicher Windstärken ermöglicht und eine einfache Bedienbarkeit durch eine Person gewährleistet.The object of the invention is to provide a simple design of the generic type, which enables strong propulsion with little heeling taking into account different wind strengths and ensures simple operability by one person.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß der Mast und der Baum eine Einheit bilden, die über einen am Baum angreifenden Drehzapfen zur Ausbildung einer Drehachse im Bootskörper gelagert ist, wobei der Drehzapfen gegenüber dem Mast versetzt angeordnet ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mast and the tree form a unit which is mounted on a pivot pin engaging the tree to form an axis of rotation in the hull, the pivot pin being arranged offset with respect to the mast.

Hierbei ist es möglich, eine 360° Verdrehbarkeit zu ermöglichen und somit bei starken und flauen Winden eine hohe Wirksamkeit einzustellen. Dabei wird weder eine Luv- noch Leegierigkeit erzeugt und gewährleistet, daß hart am Wind gesegelt werden kann, wobei die Bedienung durch eine Person ermöglicht wird.It is possible to enable 360 ° rotation and thus to set a high level of effectiveness in strong and calm winds. Neither a windward nor a leewardness is generated and it is guaranteed that the wind can be sailed hard, whereby the operation is made possible by one person.

Es ist durch diese Ausbildung auf einfache Weise der Anstellwinkel des ganzen Riggs korrigierbar, und es wird auch einem wenig trainierten Segler ermöglicht, das Rigg in eine Position zu drehen, in der nicht nur der Winddruck in Luv, sondern in weit höherem Maße die Saugkraft an der Leeseite des Segels fast über dessen ganze Länge wirksam wird.This design makes it easy to correct the angle of attack of the entire rig, and even a less-trained sailor is able to turn the rig into a position in which not only the wind pressure in the windward area, but to a much greater extent the suction power the leeward side of the sail takes effect almost over its entire length.

Günstige Verhältnisse werden erfindungsgemäß dadurch geschaffen, daß der Drehzapfen am Baum etwa im Bereich des'Druckpunktes des Segels angeordnet ist.Favorable conditions are created according to the invention in that the pivot on the tree is arranged approximately in the region of the pressure point of the sail.

Um die Einstellmöglichkeit zu erhöhen, wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Mast auf dem baum über einen feststellbaren Drehzapfen drehbar angeordnet ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, das Reffen des Segels zu vereinfachen.In order to increase the possibility of adjustment, it is proposed that the mast is rotatably arranged on the boom via a lockable pivot. This makes it easier to reef the sail.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Mast als Profilmast ausgebildet ist.It is also proposed that the mast is designed as a profile mast.

Zur Veränderung des Gesamtprofils ist vorgesehen, daß das Segel mit seinem Achterliek in einer Schiene am Baum . verstellbar geführt ist. Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird hierzu vorgeschlagen, daß der Mast einen Holm an seiner Mastnock trägt und das Segel mit seinem Achterliek am Baum und Holm in Schienen verstellbar geführt ist. Hierdurch sind vom superflachen Schnellprofil für hohe scheinbare Windgeschwindigkeiten bis zum stark gewölbten Vortriebsprofil mit stark nach Luv geneigter Anströmkante für die Nutzung von schwachen Winden alle Zwischenstellungen einstellbar.To change the overall profile it is provided that the sail with its leech in a rail on the tree. is guided adjustable. In a further embodiment, it is proposed that the mast carries a spar on its mast nock and the sail with its leech on the tree and spar is guided in rails. As a result, all intermediate positions can be set, from the super-flat quick profile for high apparent wind speeds to the strongly curved propulsion profile with a leading edge that is inclined strongly towards the windward curve for the use of weak winds.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung ist die schnelle Anpassung an Änderungen der Windrichtung und die schnelle Parade einer starken Bö, die durch eine mehr oder weniger starke Veränderung des Anstellwinkels sehr viel schneller erfolgt als durch Lösen der Schot. Hierzu ist weder eine Änderung des Kurses noch ein Ruderlegen erforderlich. Da die Ruderanlage bei Benutzung des Riggs im wesentlichen mittschiffs bleibt und keine größeren Giermomente ausgesteuert werden müssen, werden Fahrtverluste vermieden.A major advantage of the design according to the invention is the rapid adaptation to changes in the wind direction and the rapid parade of a strong gust, which takes place much more quickly by changing the angle of attack more or less than by loosening the sheet. Neither a change of course nor rowing is necessary for this. Since the rudder system remains essentially midships when using the rig and no major yawing moments have to be controlled, loss of travel is avoided.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Einheit von Mast und Baum,
  • Fig. 2 eine weitere Ausführungsform mit einem drehbaren Mast, der einen Holm an seiner Mastnock trägt.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a unit of mast and boom,
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment with a rotatable mast that carries a spar on its mast cam.

Es ist bei den dargestellten Anordnungen jeweils eine Einheit aus einem Mast 1 und einem Baum 2 gebildet, die ein Segel 4 aufnimmt. Hierzu ist gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Profilmast 1 eine Güll 5 an der Mastvorderkante angeordnet, während in der Ausbildung gemäß Fig. 2 die Masthinterkante eine Güll 5 aufweist.Der Baum 2 ist mit einem Drehzahpfen 3 im Abstand zum Mast 1 angeordnet und im Bootskörper drehbar gelagert, so daß eine Drehbewegung um 3600 ermöglicht wird.In the arrangements shown, a unit is formed from a mast 1 and a tree 2, which receives a sail 4. 1 with a profile mast 1, a manure 5 is arranged on the mast leading edge, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the mast trailing edge has a manure 5. The boom 2 is arranged with a pivot 3 at a distance from the mast 1 and in the hull rotatably mounted, so that a rotary movement of 360 0 is made possible.

In der Ausbildung gemäß Fig. 1 ist die Achterliek über einen Festhaltepunkt 8 in einer Schiene des Baumes 2 verstellbar geführt. Der Baum 2 ist über eine Drehvorrichtung 6 bzw. eine Winsch mit einer Schot 7 einstellbar.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the leech is adjustably guided in a rail of the tree 2 via a holding point 8. The tree 2 is adjustable via a rotating device 6 or a winch with a sheet 7.

Gemäß Fig. 2 ist der Mast 1 zusätzlich gegenüber dem Baum 2 über einen feststellbaren Drehzapfen 10 angeordnet und somit zum Reffen des Segels 4 ausgebildet. An der Mastnock ist ferner ein Holm 9 zur Aufnahme eines Trapezsegels angeordnet, wobei der Holm 9 durch geeignete Mittel, beispielsweise durch ein innenliegendes Rohr, parallel zum Baum 2 gehalten wird. Das entsprechende Ende der Achterliek ist am Holm 9 über eine Schiene verstellbar geführt und ebenfalls wie der Festhaltepunkt 8 in der Schiene des Baumes 2 über eine Schot einstellbar.According to FIG. 2, the mast 1 is additionally arranged opposite the boom 2 via a lockable pivot pin 10 and is thus designed to reef the sail 4. A spar 9 for receiving a trapezoidal sail is also arranged on the mast cam, the spar 9 being held parallel to the tree 2 by suitable means, for example by an inner tube. The corresponding end of the leech is adjustable on the spar 9 via a rail and, like the fastening point 8 in the rail of the boom 2, is adjustable via a sheet.

Claims (6)

1. Ausbildung einer Segelanordnung für Segelboote, bestehend aus einem Mast (1) und einem Baum (2) zur Aufnahme eines Segels (4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mast (1) und der Baum (2) eine Einheit bilden, die über einen am Baum (2) angreifenden Drehzapfen (3) zur Ausbildung einer Drehachse im Bootskörper gelagert ist, wobei der Drehzapfen (3) gegenüber dem Mast (1) versetzt angeordnet ist.1. Formation of a sail assembly for sailboats, consisting of a mast (1) and a tree (2) for receiving a sail (4), characterized in that the mast (1) and the tree (2) form a unit which over a pivot (3) engaging on the tree (2) is mounted in the hull for forming an axis of rotation, the pivot (3) being arranged offset with respect to the mast (1). 2. Ausbildung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Drehzapfen (3) am Baum (2) etwa im Bereich des Druckpunktes des Segels (4) angeordnet ist.2. Training according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot (3) on the tree (2) is arranged approximately in the region of the pressure point of the sail (4). 3. Ausbildung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mast (1) auf dem Baum (2) über einen feststellbaren Drehzapfen (10) drehbar angeordnet ist.3. Training according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mast (1) on the tree (2) via a lockable pivot (10) is rotatably arranged. 4. Ausbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mast (1) als Profilmast ausgebildet ist.4. Training according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mast (1) is designed as a profile mast. 5. Ausbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Segel (4) mit seinem Achterliek in einer Schiene am Baum (2) verstellbar geführt ist.5. Training according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sail (4) with its leech in a rail on the tree (2) is guided adjustable. 6. Ausbildung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mast (1) einen Holm (9) an seiner Mastnock trägt und das Segel (4) mit seinem Achterliek am Baum (2) und Holm (9) in Schienen verstellbar geführt ist.6. Training according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mast (1) carries a spar (9) on its mast cam and the sail (4) with its leech on the tree (2) and spar (9) in rails is guided adjustable.
EP85115501A 1984-12-11 1985-12-06 Sail arrangement Expired - Lifetime EP0184782B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85115501T ATE55740T1 (en) 1984-12-11 1985-12-06 FORMATION OF A SAIL ARRANGEMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3445146 1984-12-11
DE19843445146 DE3445146A1 (en) 1984-12-11 1984-12-11 ARRANGEMENT AND TRAINING OF A SAIL WITH A TREE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0184782A2 true EP0184782A2 (en) 1986-06-18
EP0184782A3 EP0184782A3 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0184782B1 EP0184782B1 (en) 1990-08-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115501A Expired - Lifetime EP0184782B1 (en) 1984-12-11 1985-12-06 Sail arrangement

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0184782B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE55740T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3445146A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0695684A1 (en) * 1994-08-04 1996-02-07 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Rig arrangement for a sailboat
WO2018138399A1 (en) 2017-01-26 2018-08-02 Inversail, S.A. Stabilised rotary sail rigging

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5816180A (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-10-06 Hoyt; John Garrison Rotating rig
USD1028845S1 (en) * 2022-05-30 2024-05-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Sail for a boat

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656444A (en) * 1970-06-03 1972-04-18 Kenneth E Kratz Sailboat rigging
US3838655A (en) * 1972-02-29 1974-10-01 K Kratz Sailboat rigging
DE2334621A1 (en) * 1973-07-07 1975-01-16 Rudolf Doepner SAIL ARRANGEMENT FOR SPORT SAILBOATS
FR2552390A1 (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-03-29 Julian Yvon Masts and spars for sail boat

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656444A (en) * 1970-06-03 1972-04-18 Kenneth E Kratz Sailboat rigging
US3838655A (en) * 1972-02-29 1974-10-01 K Kratz Sailboat rigging
DE2334621A1 (en) * 1973-07-07 1975-01-16 Rudolf Doepner SAIL ARRANGEMENT FOR SPORT SAILBOATS
FR2552390A1 (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-03-29 Julian Yvon Masts and spars for sail boat

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0695684A1 (en) * 1994-08-04 1996-02-07 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Rig arrangement for a sailboat
US5601044A (en) * 1994-08-04 1997-02-11 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Sailboat
WO2018138399A1 (en) 2017-01-26 2018-08-02 Inversail, S.A. Stabilised rotary sail rigging

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0184782A3 (en) 1987-09-23
ATE55740T1 (en) 1990-09-15
EP0184782B1 (en) 1990-08-22
DE3579301D1 (en) 1990-09-27
DE3445146A1 (en) 1986-06-12

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