EP0182386B1 - Method of producing contact parts - Google Patents

Method of producing contact parts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0182386B1
EP0182386B1 EP85114864A EP85114864A EP0182386B1 EP 0182386 B1 EP0182386 B1 EP 0182386B1 EP 85114864 A EP85114864 A EP 85114864A EP 85114864 A EP85114864 A EP 85114864A EP 0182386 B1 EP0182386 B1 EP 0182386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact parts
cdo
cuo
mass content
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85114864A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0182386A2 (en
EP0182386A3 (en
Inventor
Horst Prof. Dr. Schreiner
Bernhard Rothkegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT85114864T priority Critical patent/ATE57789T1/en
Publication of EP0182386A2 publication Critical patent/EP0182386A2/en
Publication of EP0182386A3 publication Critical patent/EP0182386A3/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
    • B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing contact pieces for low-voltage switching devices in power engineering from a material of the constitution AgSn0 2 Bi 2 03CuO.
  • contact materials based on AgCdO with Cd0 as the main active component have proven to be particularly advantageous in the past. These contact materials show a small burn-up in the arc, a low welding force and a low heating with continuous current.
  • a contact material which is produced by oxidation of a plated silver alloy sheet with 3 to 15 wt.% Tin, 0.01 to 1 wt.% Bismuth and 0.1 to 8.5 wt. -% Cu is made. This results in a material of the constitution AgSn0 2 Bi 2 0 3 CuO.
  • DE-A-27 54 335 discloses a contact material based on silver metal oxide, in which 1.5 to 6% by weight bismuth oxide and 0.1 to 6% by weight tin oxide, based on the total amount of oxide, are present should.
  • copper oxide or zinc oxide can also be present, but bismuth oxide and tin oxide always dominate and are of the same order of magnitude.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with which the production of contact pieces from AgSn0 2 Bi 2 0 3 CuO materials can be done economically.
  • Process step f) of the process according to the invention is preferably followed by a further sintering at approximately 850 ° C. for one hour and a cold compression.
  • the contact pieces are produced by powder metallurgy using an internally oxidized alloy powder.
  • Example Manufacture of a sintered contact material from AgSnO 2 Bi 2 OaCuO and the contact piece.
  • An alloy of AgSnBiCu of the specified composition is melted from 90.15% mass content of fine silver grains, 8.05% mass content of tin grains, 0.90% mass content of metallic bismuth as fragments and 0.90% mass content of copper in the form of rods.
  • An alloy powder of the same composition is produced from it by pressure atomization with water. After drying, the powder fraction smaller than 200 ⁇ m is sieved off. This portion is internally oxidized in air between 500 and 800 ° C, after which a composite powder of AgSn0 2 Bi 2 03CuO with the composition 87.95% mass content Ag, 9.97% mass content Sn0 2 , 0.98% mass content Bi 2 0s and 1.10% mass content of Cu0 is obtained.
  • the composite powder can be used to produce contact pieces by pressing in a die with 600 MPa. For secure connection technology by brazing, it is useful to press a second layer of pure silver powder together with the contact layer when pressing the composite powder.
  • the contact pieces are sintered at 850 ° C for one hour in air.
  • the contact pieces are compacted by hot pressing at 650 ° C with 800 MPa. Further compression and solidification can be achieved by a second sintering at 850 ° C for one hour in air and a subsequent further cold compression.
  • the contact properties of such contact pieces were measured on a test switch.
  • the burn-up values were about 25% better compared to an extruded AgSn0 2 grade with the same oxide content.
  • 50% lower Fs 99.9 values were achieved in the welding force values and 10% lower values in the contact resistance.
  • the structure of the contact material is very fine and even.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

Electrical contact materials based on AgCdO with CdO as the main active component have proven to be particularly advantageous for low voltage switchgear in the power industry. However, when switching AgCdO contact materials, CdO, which is classified as toxic, can escape into the environment through burn-off. It is important, therefore, to keep the CdO content as low as possible in the contact material, or to exclude it completely. The contact material according to the invention is a sintered contact material consisting of AgSnO2 with at least two other metal oxide additives; namely, Bi2O3, CuO and optionally CdO. Relative to SnO2, these additives Bi2O3, CuO optionally CdO, amount quantitatively to a total maximum of 25 percent by volume of the total amount of oxide.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktstücken für Niederspannungsschaltgeräte der Energietechnik.Process for the production of contact pieces for low-voltage switchgear in power engineering.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktstücken für Niederspannungsschaltgeräte der Energietechnik aus einem Werkstoff der Konstitution AgSn02Bi203CuO.The invention relates to a method for producing contact pieces for low-voltage switching devices in power engineering from a material of the constitution AgSn0 2 Bi 2 03CuO.

Für Niederspannungsschaltgeräte der Energietechnik, z.B. in Schützen oder Selbstschaltern, haben sich in der Vergangenheit Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von AgCdO mit Cd0 als Hauptwirkkomponente als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen. Diese Kontaktwerkstoffe zeigen einen kleinen Abbrand im Lichtbogen, eine kleine Schweißkraft und eine niedrige Erwärmung bei Dauerstromführung.For low-voltage switchgear in energy technology, e.g. In contactors or circuit breakers, contact materials based on AgCdO with Cd0 as the main active component have proven to be particularly advantageous in the past. These contact materials show a small burn-up in the arc, a low welding force and a low heating with continuous current.

Beim Schalten kann aus Schaltgeräten, bei denen die Kontaktstücke aus AgCdO-Kontaktwerkstoffen bestehen, über den Abbrand Cd0 in die Umwelt gelangen. Da Cd0 inzwischen als toxisch eingestuft ist, wird angestrebt, dieses in Kontaktwerkstoffen durch andere Hauptmetalloxidzusätze, wie Sn02, ZnO, In203, Cu0 usw., zu ersetzen. Kontaktwerkstoffe aus AgSn02 ohne weitere Metalloxidzusätze konnten nicht alle Forderungen an die Kontakteigenschaften erfüllen. Es sind daher AgSn02-Kontaktwerkstoffe mit weiteren Wirkkomponenten wie insbesondere ln203 und/oder Bi203 vorgeschlagen worden. Aus der GB-A-20 55 398 ist ein Kontaktwerkstoff bekannt, der durch Oxidation eines plattierten Silberlegierungsbleches mit 3 bis 15 Gew.-% Zinn, 0,01 bis 1 Gew.-% Wismut und 0,1 bis 8,5 Gew.- % Cu hergestellt ist. Damit ergibt sich also ein Werkstoff der Konstitution AgSn02Bi203CuO. Daneben ist aus der DE-A-27 54 335 ein Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silber-Metalloxidbasis bekannt, bei dem 1,5 bis 6 Gew.-% Wismutoxid und 0,1 bis 6 Gew.-% Zinnoxid, bezogen auf die Gesamtoxidmenge, vorhanden sein sollen. Zusätzlich kann auch Kupferoxid oder Zinkoxid vorhanden sein, wobei aber immer Wismutoxid und Zinnoxid dominieren und in der gleichen Größenordnung liegen.When switching, switching devices in which the contact pieces are made of AgCdO contact materials can escape into the environment via the erosion Cd0. Since Cd0 is now classified as toxic, the aim is to replace it in contact materials with other main metal oxide additives such as Sn0 2 , ZnO, In 2 0 3 , Cu0 etc. Contact materials made of AgSn0 2 without additional metal oxide additives could not meet all requirements regarding the contact properties. AgSn0 2 contact materials with further active components such as in particular ln 2 0 3 and / or Bi 2 0 3 have therefore been proposed. From GB-A-20 55 398 a contact material is known which is produced by oxidation of a plated silver alloy sheet with 3 to 15 wt.% Tin, 0.01 to 1 wt.% Bismuth and 0.1 to 8.5 wt. -% Cu is made. This results in a material of the constitution AgSn0 2 Bi 2 0 3 CuO. In addition, DE-A-27 54 335 discloses a contact material based on silver metal oxide, in which 1.5 to 6% by weight bismuth oxide and 0.1 to 6% by weight tin oxide, based on the total amount of oxide, are present should. In addition, copper oxide or zinc oxide can also be present, but bismuth oxide and tin oxide always dominate and are of the same order of magnitude.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem die Fertigung von Kontaktstücken aus AgSn02Bi203CuO-Werkstoffen wirtschaftlich erfolgen kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method with which the production of contact pieces from AgSn0 2 Bi 2 0 3 CuO materials can be done economically.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch folgende Verfahrensschritte gelöst:

  • a) Aus einer AgSnBiCu-Legierung vorgegebener Zusammensetzung wird durch Druckverdüsen mit Wasser ein Legierungspulver hergestellt,
  • b) nach dem Trocknen ein Pulveranteil < 200 µm abgesiebt und
  • c) an Luft zwischen 500 und 800°C inneroxidiert, so daß ein Verbundpulver aus AgSn02Bi203Cu0 entsteht,
  • d) aus dem Verbundpulver werden durch Pressen in einer Matrize mit 600 MPa Kontaktstücke hergestellt,
  • e) die Kontaktstücke werden bei ca. 800°C während einer Stunde gesintert,
  • f) durch Warmnachpressen bei ca. 650°C mit 800 MPa werden die Kontaktstücke weiterverdichtet.
According to the invention, the object is achieved by the following method steps:
  • a) an alloy powder is produced from an AgSnBiCu alloy with a predetermined composition by pressure atomization with water,
  • b) after drying a powder portion <200 microns sieved and
  • c) internally oxidized in air between 500 and 800 ° C., so that a composite powder of AgSn0 2 Bi 2 0 3 Cu0 is formed,
  • d) the composite powder is produced by pressing in a die with 600 MPa contact pieces,
  • e) the contact pieces are sintered at approximately 800 ° C. for one hour,
  • f) the contact pieces are further compressed by hot pressing at about 650 ° C. with 800 MPa.

Dem Verfahrensschritt f) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schließt sich vorzugsweise eine weitere Sinterung bei ca. 850°C während einer Stunde und eine Kaltverdichtung an.Process step f) of the process according to the invention is preferably followed by a further sintering at approximately 850 ° C. for one hour and a cold compression.

Bei der Erfindung werden also die Kontaktstücke pulvermetallurgisch über ein inneroxidiertes Legierungspulver hergestellt.In the case of the invention, therefore, the contact pieces are produced by powder metallurgy using an internally oxidized alloy powder.

Eine solche Fertigung ist wesentlich wirtschaftlicher als die Oxidation plattierter Legierungsbleche.Such a production is much more economical than the oxidation of plated alloy sheets.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kontaktstückes im einzelnen näher erläutert.The method according to the invention for producing a contact piece is explained in detail using an exemplary embodiment.

BeisDiel: Herstellen eines Sinterkontaktwerkstoffes aus AgSnO2Bi2OaCuO und des Kontaktstückes.Example: Manufacture of a sintered contact material from AgSnO 2 Bi 2 OaCuO and the contact piece.

Aus 90,15 %-Massengehalt Feinsilberkömern, 8,05 %-Massengehalt Zinnkörnern, 0,90 %-Massengehalt metallischem Wismut als Bruchstücke und 0,90 %-Massengehalt Kupfer in Form von Stangen wird eine Legierung aus AgSnBiCu der angegebenen Zussammensetzung erschmolzen. Durch Druckverdüsen mit Wasser wird daraus ein gleich zusammengesetztes Legierungspulver hergestellt. Nach dem Trocknen wird der Pulveranteil kleiner 200 µm abgesiebt. Dieser Anteil wird an Luft zwischen 500 und 800 °C inneroxdiert, wonach ein Verbundpulver aus AgSn02Bi203CuO der Zusammensetzung 87,95 %-Massengehalt Ag, 9,97 %-Massengehalt Sn02, 0,98 %-Massengehalt Bi20s und 1,10 %-Massengehalt Cu0 erhalten wird.An alloy of AgSnBiCu of the specified composition is melted from 90.15% mass content of fine silver grains, 8.05% mass content of tin grains, 0.90% mass content of metallic bismuth as fragments and 0.90% mass content of copper in the form of rods. An alloy powder of the same composition is produced from it by pressure atomization with water. After drying, the powder fraction smaller than 200 µm is sieved off. This portion is internally oxidized in air between 500 and 800 ° C, after which a composite powder of AgSn0 2 Bi 2 03CuO with the composition 87.95% mass content Ag, 9.97% mass content Sn0 2 , 0.98% mass content Bi 2 0s and 1.10% mass content of Cu0 is obtained.

Aus dem Verbundpulver können durch Pressen in einer Matrize mit 600 MPa Kontaktstücke hergestellt werden. Für die sichere Verbindungstechnik durch Hartlöten ist es zweckmäßig beim Pressen des Verbundpulvers eine zweite Schicht aus Reinsilberpulver mit der Kontaktschicht gemeinsam zu verpressen. Die Sinterung der Kontaktstücke erfolgt bei 850 °C während einer Stunde an Luft. Durch Warmnachpressen bei 650 °C mit 800 MPa werden die Kontaktstücke verdichtet. Eine weitere Verdichtung und Verfestigung ist durch eine zweite Sinterung bei 850 °C während einer Stunde an Luft und eine darauf folgende weitere Kaltverdichtung zu erreichen.The composite powder can be used to produce contact pieces by pressing in a die with 600 MPa. For secure connection technology by brazing, it is useful to press a second layer of pure silver powder together with the contact layer when pressing the composite powder. The contact pieces are sintered at 850 ° C for one hour in air. The contact pieces are compacted by hot pressing at 650 ° C with 800 MPa. Further compression and solidification can be achieved by a second sintering at 850 ° C for one hour in air and a subsequent further cold compression.

Die Kontakteigenschaften solcher Kontaktstücke wurden auf einem Prüfschalter gemessen. Die Abbrandwerte lagen gegenüber einer stranggepreßten AgSn02-Qualität mit gleichem Oxidanteil um etwa 25 % besser. In den Schweißkraftwerten wurden 50 % niedrigerer Fs99,9-Werte und im Kontaktwiderstand 10 % niedrigere Werte erreicht. Das Gefüge des Kontaktwerkstoffes ist sehr fein und gleichmäßig.The contact properties of such contact pieces were measured on a test switch. The burn-up values were about 25% better compared to an extruded AgSn0 2 grade with the same oxide content. 50% lower Fs 99.9 values were achieved in the welding force values and 10% lower values in the contact resistance. The structure of the contact material is very fine and even.

Claims (3)

1. Method for producing contact parts for low voltage switchgear in power engineering from a material of the constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO, characterized by the following procedural steps:
a) an alloy powder is produced from an AgSnBiCu-alloy of specified composition by pressure atomizing with water,
b) after drying, the powder portion < 200 µm is sieved and
c) is internally oxidized in air between 500 and 800°C so that a composite powder of Ag-SnO2Bi2O3CuO is obtained,
d) contact parts are produced from the composite powder by pressing in a die with 600 MPa,
e) the contact parts are sintered at about 850°C for one hour,
f) the contact parts are further compressed by hot re-pressing at about 650°C with 800 MPa.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a further sintering at about 850°C for one hour and a cold compression follow procedural step f).
3. Method according to claim 1 to produce contact parts from a material with an Ag mass content of 87.95 %, an Sn02 mass content of 9.97 %, a Bi203 mass content of 0.98 % and a CuO mass content of 1.1 %, characterized in that for procedural step a) an AgSnBiCu-alloy of 90.15 % Ag, 8.05 % Sn, 0.9 % Bi and 0.9 % Cu is used.
EP85114864A 1983-02-10 1984-01-30 Method of producing contact parts Expired - Lifetime EP0182386B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85114864T ATE57789T1 (en) 1983-02-10 1984-01-30 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONTACT PIECES FROM THIS MATERIAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3304637 1983-02-10
DE19833304637 DE3304637A1 (en) 1983-02-10 1983-02-10 SINTER CONTACT MATERIAL FOR LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84100927.7 Division 1984-01-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182386A2 EP0182386A2 (en) 1986-05-28
EP0182386A3 EP0182386A3 (en) 1987-01-14
EP0182386B1 true EP0182386B1 (en) 1990-10-24

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ID=6190546

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84100927A Expired EP0118708B1 (en) 1983-02-10 1984-01-30 Sintered contact material for low-tension switchgear
EP85114864A Expired - Lifetime EP0182386B1 (en) 1983-02-10 1984-01-30 Method of producing contact parts

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84100927A Expired EP0118708B1 (en) 1983-02-10 1984-01-30 Sintered contact material for low-tension switchgear

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4681702A (en)
EP (2) EP0118708B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59148215A (en)
AT (2) ATE24628T1 (en)
DE (3) DE3304637A1 (en)

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JPS57134532A (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-19 Chugai Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrical contact material of silver-tin-bismuth alloy
DE3146972A1 (en) * 1981-11-26 1983-06-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS FROM CADMIUM-FREE SILVER METAL OXIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS
DE3305270A1 (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München SINTER COMPOSITE FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP0152606B1 (en) * 1984-01-30 1987-09-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact material and production of electric contacts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE24628T1 (en) 1987-01-15
US4681702A (en) 1987-07-21
DE3304637A1 (en) 1984-08-16
ATE57789T1 (en) 1990-11-15
DE3461872D1 (en) 1987-02-05
EP0182386A2 (en) 1986-05-28
EP0118708B1 (en) 1986-12-30
DE3483479D1 (en) 1990-11-29
EP0118708A1 (en) 1984-09-19
JPS59148215A (en) 1984-08-24
JPH0377265B2 (en) 1991-12-10
EP0182386A3 (en) 1987-01-14

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