EP0178975A1 - Roof window - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A roof window comprising a fixed frame structure (1) fitted in the slope of the roof, on which are mounted a pivotable leaf (9) and a slidable support (8, 23), characterised in that the slidable support is a frame mounted for horizontal sliding movement on the fixed frame structure (1) and that the pivotable leaf (9) is mounted along an upper edge of the slidable frame (8) to pivot with respect thereto with an upward movement.

Description

The present invention relates to a roof window and more particularly to a roof window which can be moved in a sliding or pivoting motion relative to a fixed frame integrated in the roof.

Roof windows of this type are already known, in particular, French patent n ° 2335666 describes a construction composed of a fixed frame and two superimposed frames, the first of which is positioned like a pivoting leaf with a pneumatic spring to overcome the weight, while the other, positioned on top of the first, moves horizontally so that the exterior glazing of the latter can be reached and cleaned. However, in this device, the pivoting movement is obtained by simultaneously lifting the pivoting frame and the associated sliding frame. To maneuver such a structure, it is therefore necessary to provide a significant effort which must be assisted by a large pneumatic spring generally incompatible with the constraints imposed for the roof windows.

On the other hand, the German patent n ° 1246456 describes a skylight comprising a fixed frame and a leaf which can slide by means of two guide rails parallel to the horizontal sides of the frame. The frame is itself provided with two supporting rails, one assembled on the upper horizontal side of the frame and the other mounted to be adjusted in height by means of a crank mechanism located on the lower horizontal side of the built. This device has the same drawbacks as that of French patent 2335666. In addition, the crank mechanism allows only a limited clearance of the lower support rail and the space cleared between the fixed frame and the leaf remains constantly partially congested by the mechanism. lifting.

An object of the present invention is to provide a roof window which can be pivoted easily during daily use and can nevertheless be slid to carry out periodic cleaning of the glazing.

With a view to achieving this goal, a roof window is provided according to the invantion comprising a fixed frame on which are mounted a pivoting frame and a sliding frame characterized in that the sliding frame is mounted to slide on the fixed frame and in that the pivoting frame is mounted on the sliding frame to pivot relative to the latter.

Thus, during daily use, the user only has to lift the pivoting frame and maneuver the entire structure only for the sliding movement which is easier and does not require significant effort even when it is applied to the entire structure.

According to an advantageous version of the invention, the sliding frame is mounted on rails fixed to the fixed frame on two horizontal sides. Thus, the rails are stiffened by their association with the fixed frame and the sliding movement is carried out without risk of jamming.

According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the sliding frame comprises rollers bearing on one edge of the rails and the rails have V-shaped notches on the edge on which the rollers bear, in particular the V-shaped notches correspond to a closed or half-open position of the sliding frame Thus, when the rollers are supported in the bottom of the V-shaped notches, the sliding frame is in a stable position ensuring good closing of the window or, respectively, allowing easy cleaning of the glazing.

According to another preferred aspect of the invention, the sliding frame comprises rollers resting on an edge of the rails opposite to that on which the rollers are supported, in particular the rollers and the rollers are carried by legs fixed transversely to the plane of the sliding frame Thus, the sliding frame is firmly held on the fixed frame even when the sliding frame is cantilevered relative to the fixed frame.

According to yet another advantageous aspect of the invention, the sliding frame comprises a seal facing the fixed frame, this seal having a suitable transverse dimension so that it is crushed against the fixed frame when the rollers are in the bottom of the notches in V and released from the fixed frame when the rollers are outside of the V notches. Thus, when the window is closed, the seal ensures a good seal with the fixed frame while it allows free movement of the sliding frame from the moment the rollers come out of the V-shaped notches

According to yet another aspect of the invention, the roof window comprises means forming a three-dimensional structure above the fixed frame. Thus, the three-dimensional structure allows to benefit from an additional volume gained on the outside as well as the standing position at the location of the window. In addition, for a given opening in the roof, it provides much more light than a traditional louvre.

According to a preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the three-dimensional structure is a pyramid or a triangular prism with lateral faces oriented along a generatrix arranged horizontally or along the slope of the roof. Thus, the advantages mentioned above are obtained. by adequately protecting the opening in the roof even when the window is opened by pivoting

According to another characteristic of this aspect of the invention, the roof window comprises external blinds on the raised parts most exposed to the sunshine. Thus, a reduction in the sunshine is obtained inside the room without Too significantly reduce the light which continues to enter freely through the less sunny parts not covered by blinds.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1 en position coulissée et ouverte par pivotement.
• - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe analogue à celle de la figure 2 en position fermée de la fenêtre,
• - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3,
• - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe analogue à celle de la figure 4 en position coulissée de la fenêtre,
• - la figure 6 est une vue en coupe partielle selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 3,
• - la figure 7 est une vue en coupe analogue à celle de la figure 6 pour une position partiellement coulissée de la fenêtre,
• - la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'un second mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• - la figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• - la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• - la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the description which follows in conjunction with the appended drawings among which:

• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention,
• - Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1 in the sliding position and open by pivoting.
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 2 in the closed position of the window,
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3,
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 4 in the sliding position of the window,
• FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view along line VI-VI of FIG. 3,
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 6 for a partially sliding position of the window,
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention,
• FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the invention,
• FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the invention,
• - Figure 11 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the invention.

The different variants of three-dimensional structure defined below by the letters A, B, C and D correspond to: A: pyramid (fig. 1 and 11), B and D: triangular prism with lateral faces oriented along a horizontal generatrix (fig . 8 and 10), and C: triangular prism with lateral faces oriented according to a generatrix corresponding to the slope of the roof (fig. 9). The components common to these three-dimensional structures are as follows:

Fixed frame assembly inscribed in the slope of the roof

The set is made up of a rectangular or square frame made of wood, metal or rigid plastic 1. It is coated in the upper part with a metal or rigid plastic profile, forming a crowning frame 2.

Two profiles 3 (acting as guide rails) are each assembled on one of the two horizontal sides of the fixed frame assembly 1.

The height of the fixed frame assembly is variable depending on the nature of the cover used and receives, to ensure the seal between the frame assembly and the roof, statements and joints 4.

The fixed frame assembly is fixed to the frame by means of iron angles 5.

An adjustable air intake grille 6 protected from the weather by the crowning frame is incorporated in the bottom passage of the frame.

A blackout blind, an insect-proof blind, or an assembly of two kinds of blinds 7 are incorporated in the top passage of the frame. The blinds 7 slide in rails incorporated in the thickness of the lateral uprights of the frame.

The clappers

The leaves for variants A, B and C are constituted by a frame 9 of metal or rigid plastic, and made to allow the addition of the four flat surfaces forming the projecting relief specific to each model.

The protruding surfaces in principle constitute as many transparent parts 10. They are produced with double insulating walls, made of glass or plastic. In the case of type B windows, the side triangles can receive translucent or opaque filling materials to avoid a side view that is not compatible with certain town planning regulations.

If the protruding volume is made of glass product, the planar faces are assembled together by means of connection profiles 11.

These profiles may not exist if the volume is made from a single molded plastic element (fig. 11).

Outside, the leaves can be fitted on the raised parts most exposed to sunshine, or on all parts, with one or more sun protection blinds 12. They are preferably with automatic winding, and controlled inside.

A light secondary structure 13 is used to suspend the blind elements above the transparent volume, if the latter is made in one piece from molded plastic (fig. 11).

The window type D (fig. 10) has a casement 24, possibly two 24 and 25. They consist of a metal or rigid plastic frame, and receive a double insulating wall of glass or plastic. The leaves can be fitted with a sun protection blind.

All the leaves are pivotally mounted in their upper part by means of horizontal articulations 16 and 16a on their respective support elements 8 and 23.

Semi-fixed intermediate elements 8 and 23 and various articles of connection between fixed frame, semi-fixed and leaf elements

In the case of types A, B and C, the intermediate, semi-fixed element, carrying a single three-dimensional leaf, is frame 8.

In the case of the type D model, the intermediate, semi-fixed element, carrying one or two leaves, is element 23: consisting of a set of profiles bearing on a type 8 frame and component jointly with this one a rigid triangular prismatic structure. If the latter is equipped with only one leaf 24, the upper lateral face of this prism will receive, instead of the leaf 25, a fixed transparent wall. The two triangular polygons of this prism receive a fixed filling in transparent materials or, if necessary to avoid a lateral view incompatible with certain town planning regulations, translucent or opaque materials.

As a result, two methods are used to achieve the three-dimensional quality of these windows. In the case of models A, B and C, the three-dimensional volume is obtained with the geometric shape given to the leaf while the carrier element 8 is two-dimensional.

Conversely, in the case of the type D model, it is the load-bearing element, the prismatic structure 23 which produces the three-dimensional effect, while the leaf (s) is two-dimensional.

The elements 8 and 23 are provided on their lower face with six rollers 14. Three are arranged along the lower horizontal edge, three others along the upper horizontal edge of these same elements. The rollers roll on the guide rails 3.

Two notches are arranged in each of the lateral edges of the elements 8 and 23. This device allows the passage of the rails, given that the upper edge of the latter is located higher than the lower edge of said lateral edges (fig. 4 and 5).

Peripheral seals 15 and 17 provide airtightness and thermal insulation between the semi-fixed elements 8, 23, and the fixed frame on the one hand and the pivoting frames 9, 24, 25 on the other go

In the case of types A, B and C models two pneumatic cylinders 27 whose purpose is to balance the masses of the leaves, are hidden between the elements 8 and 9. These cylinders will facilitate the opening maneuver and will allow the leaves to be locked in several locking positions.

Opening modes

The configuration of the fixed frame 1 and 2, the semi-fixed sliding elements 8 and 23, as well as the leaves 9, 24, 25 - pivotally assembled on the semi-fixed elements - give these roof windows their characteristics of operating in that they allow two distinct modes of opening: bellows for daily service and sliding to give access to the outer faces of the leaves and thus allow their cleaning.

The opening of the bellows leaves, where none of their parts reduce the height of the opening, or protrude inside, offers users the best operating conditions for a roof window. models types A, B and C the leaf 9 thus frees at the option of the user and thanks to the air springs 27 an opening with variable dimensions. Because of its comfortable overhangs - about 0.10 m from the free bay, and around the entire perimeter - it is largely sheltered.

Half open, or ajar to permanently ventilate, with mosquito blinds and blackout blinds arranged on the frame, the interior is thus protected as well against the weather as against insects or an undesirable external clarity .

In the case of the type D model, the leaves are held in the open position by adjustable compasses and the opening operation is ensured by spring joints 16a.

The sliding opening mode is explained below. The semi-fixed element 8 and the different forms of leaves 9 form (in the same way as the semi-fixed element 23 and the leaves 24 and 25) the carriage assemblies 26.

Sliding horizontally on the guide rails 3, on either side of the vertical axis of the bay, and over a distance corresponding to approximately half of their length, the carriage releases in turn nearly half of the opening in the roof. With each of these movements, in one or the other direction, half of the outer walls of the leaf become easily accessible (fig. 11).

Several technical and practical problems linked to the sliding principle of the carriage have been overcome by means of a particular embodiment of guide rails 3.

These are the air and water tightness problems, which are generally delicate for any sliding window, and, moreover, those which relate to the handling of users to move the carriage.

Indeed, each rail (of a length slightly greater than the length of the assembly) has in the middle and at each of its ends a V-shaped notch, 18 obtained by bending down the flat rail 3. The rollers 14 located under the carriage overlap in each of these notches 18 when the latter and the fixed frame assembly are superimposed in the central position (fig. 5) or in the closed position (fig. 4).

As a result, the carriage assembly has two positions in the vertical plane: the lower where, in one case, the semi-fixed elements 8 and 23 are stationary and are integral with the fixed frame assembly (fig. 4), and in the other case make a momentary halt in one or the other of the lateral positions (fig. 5), and the upper one, where the carriage is in horizontal movement (fig. 2 and 7).

In the central lower position, the carriage compresses with its weight the seal 15 against the frame and thus ensures perfect airtightness between the two assemblies.

At the same time, this particularity of the rails provides another advantage. Namely, the edge limiting the semi-fixed elements downwards 8 and 23 covers the upper part of the frame 2 thus forming a cover protecting the junction between the two assemblies against the weather.

Element 22a: a profile having the length of the assembly, assembled on the upper edge of the carriage and extending elements 8 and 23 downwards, reinforces this protection in the upper part.

By exerting a pulling force on handles 19 (fig. 6) arranged on the inner lateral sides of the carriage 8, the user initiates the lateral displacement. The carriage then moves on its rollers, towards the upper part of the rails: movement which releases the aforementioned seal 15.

Having reached the upper position, the movement of the carriage then continues without contact between the seal and the frame and, therefore, practically without friction to either of the lower lateral positions.

In these positions, called cleaning and maintenance, where half of the carriage and two of the six rollers are cantilevered above the roof, two stops (not shown) fixed to the interior center of the fixed frame assembly prohibits further movement

Likewise, two pairs of rollers 21 arranged under the rails by means of the two fixing lugs 22 and of the aforementioned profile 22a, arranged on the elements 8 and 23, keep the rollers on these rails and the l trolley assembly in position parallel to the roof. In other words, they will oppose a force tending to tilt it, in the cantilevered position, towards the roof.

The six rollers are of the grooved type at the same time to facilitate the return on the rails of two rollers located at each end of the carriage, when the latter returns to the central position and to limit the friction surfaces between those and the rails.

Of course, without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to reverse the rollers 14 and the guide rails 3, that is to say that the two series of three rollers are mounted on the external horizontal sides of the fixed frame. , while the rails (with the V-shaped notches pointing upwards) are fixed to the semi-fixed sliding element 8 and 23.

This variant of the guidance system gives the carriage the same capacity for movement and parking in the horizontal and vertical planes, and provides the same operating effects.

To avoid a danger of falling, or a feeling of insecurity during maintenance operations on the outer walls, the windows can be fitted with a removable railing allowing the protection height to be increased in line with the sill.

Various blocking devices, not identified on the drawings, are provided to prevent the opening of windows from the outside.

The guidance and opening systems described above relating to three-dimensional windows can also be used for roof windows of the two-dimensional type, that is to say flat.

Claims (10)

1. Roof window comprising a fixed frame (1) on which are mounted a pivoting frame (9) and a sliding frame (8, 23) characterized in that the sliding frame (8) is mounted to slide on the fixed frame ( 1) and in that the pivoting frame (9) is mounted on the sliding frame (8) to pivot relative to the latter. 2. Roof window according to claim 1 characterized in that the sliding frame is mounted on rails (3) fixed to the fixed frame (1) on two horizontal sides. 3. Roof window according to claim 2 characterized in that the sliding frame (8) comprises rollers (14) resting on an edge of the rails (3) and in that the rails (3) have notches in V (18) on the edge on which the rollers (14) rest. 4. Roof window according to claim 3 characterized in that the V-shaped notches (18) correspond to a closed or half-open position of the sliding frame (8, 23). 5. Roof window according to claim 3 or claim 4 characterized in that the sliding frame (8) comprises rollers (21) resting on an edge of the rails (3) opposite to that on which the rollers are supported. bearing (14). 6. Roof window according to claim 5 characterized in that the rollers (14) and the rollers (21) are carried by lugs (22) fixed transversely to the plane of the sliding frame (8). 7. Roof window according to claim 3 characterized in that the sliding frame comprises a seal (15) facing the fixed frame, this seal having a suitable transverse dimension so that it is crushed against the fixed frame when the rollers (14) are in the bottom of the V-shaped notches (18) and released from the fixed frame when the rollers (14) are outside the V-shaped notches (18). 8. Roof window according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that it comprises means forming a three-dimensional structure above the fixed frame (1). 9. Roof window according to claim 8 characterized in that the three-dimensional structure is a pyramid or a triangular prism with lateral faces oriented along a generatrix arranged horizontally or along the slope of the roof. 10. Roof window according to claim 8 or claim 9 characterized in that it comprises external blinds (12) on the raised parts most exposed to sunlight.

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