EP0178198A2 - Brenner mit vorheriger integrierter Mischung und integrierter Pilot-Flamme - Google Patents

Brenner mit vorheriger integrierter Mischung und integrierter Pilot-Flamme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178198A2
EP0178198A2 EP85401683A EP85401683A EP0178198A2 EP 0178198 A2 EP0178198 A2 EP 0178198A2 EP 85401683 A EP85401683 A EP 85401683A EP 85401683 A EP85401683 A EP 85401683A EP 0178198 A2 EP0178198 A2 EP 0178198A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
burner
air
flame
intermediate tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85401683A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0178198B1 (de
EP0178198A3 (en
Inventor
Bernard Gallet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FinaGaz SAS
Original Assignee
TotalGaz Compagnie Francaise des Gaz Liquefies SNC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TotalGaz Compagnie Francaise des Gaz Liquefies SNC filed Critical TotalGaz Compagnie Francaise des Gaz Liquefies SNC
Publication of EP0178198A2 publication Critical patent/EP0178198A2/de
Publication of EP0178198A3 publication Critical patent/EP0178198A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0178198B1 publication Critical patent/EP0178198B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an integrated premix burner and an integrated pilot flame.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks specific to each of these types of burners, while reconciling the performance of combustion, the simplicity and the low cost of construction and installation and safety of use. To this end, it offers a burner supplied with separate air and gases, with integrated partial pre-mixing, intense mixing and rapid combustion.
  • said deflection means consist of at least one diaphragm mounted in the tube external, slightly downstream of the outlet end of the intermediate tube, and by longitudinal radial fins, mounted between the intermediate tube, and the internal tube, in the vicinity of the outlet end of the latter.
  • the formation of a homogeneous premix is ensured by the gyratory movement of the air current, which movement is preserved in the intermediate tube. This current meets the substantially radial current of the gas at right angles, and therefore mixes intimately with it.
  • the premix thus formed propagates towards the outlet of the intermediate chamber in a substantially helical movement.
  • the gyratory current of the premix is transformed by the fins into a linear jet substantially coaxial with the tubes, while the gyratory current of combustion air is reduced by the diaphragm towards the axis of the burner in the form of a centripetal jet perpendicular to the jet of the premix.
  • zone where combustion takes place and which is at a very high temperature is not in contact with any component of the burner and that the use of any diaphragm, for example, has been prohibited. or any functional part downstream of the combustion zone for obvious reasons of resistance and price of materials.
  • centripetal jet of combustion air retains a gyratory movement, which in its movement causes the axial jet of premix.
  • the final mixture therefore also has a gyratory effect conducive to obtaining a "ball flame" which, as is known, has a low volume and a high combustion intensity, due to the recirculation of the burnt gases in front of the diaphragm. This, being cooled by the combustion air, heats very little and can therefore be made of ordinary steel.
  • the premix containing a small proportion of the combustion air, which has entered the intermediate tube and which has been used to entrain the gas, is outside the flammability limits.
  • the straightening effected by the fins on the gyratory flow of the premix has the effect of giving the premix jet exiting at the nose of the burner a maximum axial speed. It is understood that any risk of flashback is thus eliminated.
  • the flame obtained is very stable, without having to use, as is customary, special devices, such as a refractory pipe.
  • the burner according to the invention makes it possible to use the burner according to the invention in a combustion chamber of small volume , or without a chamber directly in the thermal enclosure to be heated.
  • the chamber can be metallic and cold, without risk of "flame tramping", or of formation of unburnt.
  • the central tube has, in the area located opposite the fins, at least one orifice, which makes it possible to divert a fraction of the premix flow rate which flows in the intermediate tube, towards the central tube, said orifice being surmounted immediately upstream by an obstacle or an annular diaphragm mounted in the central tube.
  • a low rate of premix is taken from the intermediate tube and is mixed with the combustion air which circulates in the central tube, giving a mixture at laminar speed. devoid of any turbulence.
  • the combustion air flowing in the central tube being braked by the annular diaphragm, a dead zone is created beneath the latter which contains a depression which contains the orifice. A premix flow is therefore sucked through said orifice by the vacuum.
  • This flow mixes with the air which circulates in the central tube to form a laminar mixture which gives rise to an interior flame with the principal flame which is hung behind the exit diaphragm.
  • This flame which is very stable, constitutes a true pilot ignition flame integrated in the burner.
  • This pilot is, of course, permanently operating, but a gas supply independent of the main supply is also easily achievable.
  • the great stability of the pilot flame makes it possible to install an ionization flame control device, which, as we know, only works properly if its electrode is constantly submerged in an area where combustion is particularly stable. In this case, the electrode of the flame control device is placed in the pilot flame.
  • the central tube will serve as a sighting tube, a transparent window being formed on the bottom wall of the external tube for observation by the cell.
  • the burner shown in the figures consists of three metallic tubular elements 10, 12, 14, for example of steel, mounted coaxially with respect to each other.
  • the outer tube 10 is closed at one end by a bottom wall 16 and is open at the other end. In the vicinity of said end, the outer tube 10 is provided on its inner wall with an annular diaphragm 18 intended to restrict the passage section of the tube.
  • the intermediate tube 12 has a diameter much smaller than that of the external tube so as to form with the latter an external chamber 20.
  • the internal tube 14 defines with the tube 12 an intermediate chamber 22 and internally, an internal chamber 24 .
  • the tubes 12 and 14 are practically the same length and are shorter than the portion of external tube included between the bottom wall 16 and the diaphragm 18. They are positioned inside said external tube so that the chambers 20, 22 and 24 communicate with each other at their two ends.
  • the external tube 10 has, in the vicinity of the bottom wall 16, an orifice 26, in which a supply pipe 28 is tangentially connected. in combustion air, connected to a fan.
  • the gas is brought into the intermediate chamber 22, at a pressure higher than that of the air, by means of a longitudinal rod 30, which is fitted through an orifice drilled in the bottom wall 16 and which is embedded in a notch formed at the upper end of the inner tube 14.
  • the portion of the rod which is inside the intermediate chamber 22 is provided with a plurality of orifices 32, through which the gas flows in a radial direction.
  • the intermediate tube 12 ends at its lower end with an annular diaphragm 34 extending outwards, above the diaphragm 18, so as to form with it a passage with baffle 36, of substantially radial direction.
  • the inner tube 14 is provided on the outer wall of its lower end portion, with a plurality of longitudinal fins 38, extending radially to the intermediate tube 12.
  • the inner tube is pierced with two orifices 40 distributed over a cross section of the internal tube.
  • the latter is provided on its internal wall, immediately above the orifices, 40 with an annular diaphragm 42, which extends towards the center of the internal tube so as to restrict its passage section.
  • any risk of flashback is excluded, taken that upstream of the burner nose, the premix circulating in the intermediate chamber 22 is too rich in gas to be flammable.
  • the flame obtained is particularly stable, without the need to add to the burner a special device, such as a refractory pipe.
  • a special device such as a refractory pipe.
  • the diaphragm 18 heats only very little, because it is cooled by the combustion air. This is why, and this is an important advantage of the invention, the constituent parts of the burner can be made of ordinary steel.
  • the burner may have only one combustion chamber 46 of very small volume, as shown in Figure 2, or no room at all.
  • the central tube 14 can serve as a sighting tube for a cell type flame control, not shown.
  • a transparent sight window 48 is then formed in the bottom wall 16 for observation by the cell.
  • the electrode of an ionization flame control device can be placed in the central tube. As explained above, this electrode must be placed in a zone of great flame stability so that the current which it supplies can be representative of the operating state of the burner.
  • this zone is located at 50 inside the central tube, downstream of the internal diaphragm 42. Indeed, the latter, by slowing the flow of the stream of combustion air which s flows into the internal chamber, creates a depressed dead zone under it.
  • the depression has the effect of sucking through the orifices 40 a low flow rate of premix, which meets the combustion air which flows in the central chamber to form a non-gyratory flammable mixture.
  • a very stable small central flame 52 is therefore obtained, which hooks behind the internal diaphragm 42 and which constitutes a true pilot ignition flame integrated into the burner.
  • the pilot flame can also be directly supplied with gas from the rod 30 by a conduit not shown.
  • This pilot flame can be easily ignited by a conventional high-voltage spark device, then ignites the main burner flame.
  • the intermediate tube 12 can be fixed in a coaxial position in the external tube 10 by means of bolts which pass through tabs projecting at its upper edge and, on the internal face 14, it is maintained in the centered position. , relative to the intermediate tube, by the fins 38 which bear on the latter. In addition, it is held against any axial displacement by the gas supply rod 30.
  • the burner according to the invention allows rapid, stable and complete combustion, with intense heat transfer, without any part of the burner having to withstand any particular thermal stress.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP85401683A 1984-09-04 1985-08-26 Brenner mit vorheriger integrierter Mischung und integrierter Pilot-Flamme Expired - Lifetime EP0178198B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8413603 1984-09-04
FR8413603A FR2569825B1 (fr) 1984-09-04 1984-09-04 Bruleur a melange prealable integre et a flamme pilote integree

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0178198A2 true EP0178198A2 (de) 1986-04-16
EP0178198A3 EP0178198A3 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0178198B1 EP0178198B1 (de) 1990-07-18

Family

ID=9307414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401683A Expired - Lifetime EP0178198B1 (de) 1984-09-04 1985-08-26 Brenner mit vorheriger integrierter Mischung und integrierter Pilot-Flamme

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0178198B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3578727D1 (de)
DK (1) DK161908B (de)
ES (1) ES8701950A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2569825B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987006998A1 (en) * 1986-05-13 1987-11-19 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co Process for operating a pre-mix gas burner
FR2772461A1 (fr) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-18 Julien Lacaze Bruleur industriel a pre-melange de gaz combustible et d'air comburant
EP1036984A1 (de) * 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 G. Kromschröder Aktiengesellschaft Vormischbrenner fuer gasförmige Brennstoffe
WO2007012755A1 (fr) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Optimise Procédé et installation de combustion de gaz combustible pauvre, sans soutien, à l'aide d'un brûleur et brûleur associé

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4446842B4 (de) † 1994-12-27 2006-08-10 Alstom Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuleiten eines gasförmigen Brennstoffs in einen Vormischbrenner
CN107559824A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 深圳市爱可机器人技术有限公司 全预混燃烧器及包括其的烹调设备
CN111467991B (zh) * 2020-03-09 2021-07-09 南京航空航天大学 一种被动式多流体混合器
DE102021120465A1 (de) 2021-08-06 2023-02-09 Harting Electric Stiftung & Co. Kg Elektrisches Kontaktelement und Verfahren zum Anschließen eines Leiters an das elektrische Kontaktelement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1142406A (en) * 1967-03-06 1969-02-05 Inst Gaza Akademii Nauk Ukrain Gas burners
FR2148710A5 (de) * 1971-07-30 1973-03-23 Turbine Foyers
DE2428622A1 (de) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-09 O F R Officine Fratelli Riello Brennerkopf, insbesondere fuer gasfoermige brennstoffe

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1142406A (en) * 1967-03-06 1969-02-05 Inst Gaza Akademii Nauk Ukrain Gas burners
FR2148710A5 (de) * 1971-07-30 1973-03-23 Turbine Foyers
DE2428622A1 (de) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-09 O F R Officine Fratelli Riello Brennerkopf, insbesondere fuer gasfoermige brennstoffe

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987006998A1 (en) * 1986-05-13 1987-11-19 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co Process for operating a pre-mix gas burner
FR2772461A1 (fr) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-18 Julien Lacaze Bruleur industriel a pre-melange de gaz combustible et d'air comburant
EP1036984A1 (de) * 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 G. Kromschröder Aktiengesellschaft Vormischbrenner fuer gasförmige Brennstoffe
WO2007012755A1 (fr) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Optimise Procédé et installation de combustion de gaz combustible pauvre, sans soutien, à l'aide d'un brûleur et brûleur associé
FR2889292A1 (fr) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-02 Optimise Sarl Procede et installation de combustion sans soutien de gaz combustible pauvre a l'aide d'un bruleur et bruleur associe
EA012937B1 (ru) * 2005-07-26 2010-02-26 Оптимиз Способ сжигания низкокалорийного горючего газа, горелка и установка

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0178198B1 (de) 1990-07-18
EP0178198A3 (en) 1987-09-02
ES8701950A1 (es) 1986-12-01
FR2569825B1 (fr) 1988-12-09
DK401685A (da) 1986-03-05
DK161908B (da) 1991-08-26
DE3578727D1 (de) 1990-08-23
ES546707A0 (es) 1986-12-01
FR2569825A1 (fr) 1986-03-07
DK401685D0 (da) 1985-09-03

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