EP0175333A2 - Lampe électrique comprenant une partie avec une couche d'enveloppement - Google Patents

Lampe électrique comprenant une partie avec une couche d'enveloppement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175333A2
EP0175333A2 EP85111705A EP85111705A EP0175333A2 EP 0175333 A2 EP0175333 A2 EP 0175333A2 EP 85111705 A EP85111705 A EP 85111705A EP 85111705 A EP85111705 A EP 85111705A EP 0175333 A2 EP0175333 A2 EP 0175333A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric lamp
envelope
coating
lamp according
containment means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85111705A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0175333A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter R. Gagnon
Thomas J. Sentementes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0175333A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175333A2/fr
Publication of EP0175333A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175333A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
    • H01K1/32—Envelopes; Vessels provided with coatings on the walls; Vessels or coatings thereon characterised by the material thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric lamps and more particularly to such lamps employing light-source capsules which operate at pressure other than atmospheric. Still more particularly, this invention relates to such lamps having containment means to substantially eliminate the risk of a containment failure of the lamp.
  • Tungsten-halogen and arc discharge lamps because of their superior performance characteristics, are being carefully considered by various lamp manufacturers as a replacement for the standard incandescent lamp.
  • the remote possibility of a minor dispersion of glass shards resulting from a fracture of the pressurized light source capsule contained within the lamp is a substantial impediment in the path of developing a feasible replacement in the consumer market.
  • occurrence of such a fracture is rare. nevertheless it could present a safety hazard to a person or object in the immediate vicinity of the lamp (i.e.. food preparation).
  • a tungsten-halogen lamp or an arc discharge lap which substantially eliminates the problem of shard dispersion upon the fracture of the light source capsule would constitute an advancement in the art.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide means for containment which does not detract from the aesthetic appearance of lamps.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide means for containment which will cause little or no loss of luminous efficacy in lamps employing such means.
  • Still another object of this invention is to overcome a substantial impediment in the path of developing a replacement for the standard incandescent lamp in the consumer market.
  • an electric lamp including a light-transmitting envelope, a pressurized light-source capsule mounted within the envelope and containment means for containing within the lamp fragments of glass resulting from fracture of the capsule.
  • the containment means is disposed substantially over the envelope and is of a substantially light transmissive material.
  • the containment means has a high degree of tensile strength at continuous service temperatures that are substantially equal to or higher than 190° Celsius.
  • the term "light-source capsule” denotes: a tungsten-halogen incandescent capsule, an arc tube of an arc discharge lamp. or any light-emitting capsule within the outer envelope of a lamp wherein the light-source capsule operates a a pressure other than atmospheric and the possibility of minor shard dispersion upon fracture of the light source capsule exists.
  • the light-source capsule may be either a single-ended or double-ended capsule.
  • FIG . 1 shows an electric lamp 10 made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Electric lamp 10 include a light-transmissive outer envelope 12.
  • containment means 13 disposed substantially over envelope 12 and a base 1 4 .
  • Envelope 12. which may be formed of soda lime glass, has a body 1 5 and a neck 16.
  • Lamp 10 further includes a light-source capsule 18 mounted within envelope 12 on a frame assembly 24.
  • Envelope 12 has neck 16 running from ring 28 to brim 30.
  • containment means 13 should overlap or be attached to a portion of base 14 to counteract the effects of gravity, by serving as a pouch or sack. in the event that envelope 12 breaks.
  • body 15 of envelope 12 has a minimum wall thickness, x.
  • Envelope 20 has a maximum wall thickness, y, of less than about 0.9 millimeter.
  • the ratio of x/y which hereinafter will be referred to as the "wall-thickness ratio.” is approximately equal to or greater than 3.
  • each shard is relatively thin and possesses less mass than would be the-case--if the capsule were not thin-walled.
  • the impact energy per collision is reduced because energy is proportional to mass.
  • the thinner shards tend to shatter themselves thereby dissipating collision energy harmlessly.
  • the outer envelop has the ability to contain an inner capsule fracture when the wall-thickness ratio is within the prescribed range.
  • Containment means 13 will preserve the integrity of the outer envelope of the lamp where the wall thickness ratio is not within the prescribed range.
  • outer envelope 12 has a concave top 26 opposed to neck 16.
  • the word "concave” means that the radius or radii of curvature of top 2 falls on the exterior of envelope 12.
  • the concave shape of to 26 diverts shards and energy of a fracture of capsule 18 towar base 28 where they are least likely to cause damage: in so doing, top 26 shatters many shards which further dissipates fracture energy.
  • Top 26 also reinforces the portion of envelope 12 that lies above capsule 18. This region of envelope 12 may require reinforcement for two reasons. First. top 26 may be the portion of envelope 12 closest to capsule 18. Second, there is the possibility that capsule 18 may fracture such that the upper portion of capsule 18. i.e. the portion of capsule 18 closer to top 26.
  • minimum wall thickness, z. of neck 16 is approximately equal to or greater than 2.5 millimeters.
  • the extra thickness of neck 16 facilitates the mounting of frame-assembly 24 on neck 16 by means of elastic and frictional forces.
  • Light source capsule 18 operates with fill pressures other than atmospheric, typically about 5 to about 20 atmospheres. At such pressures, and where the wall-thickness ratio is less than 3 (i.e.. the outer envelope has a wall thickness similar to a standard incandescent bulb), a fracture of capsule 18 would result in a dispersion of shards from the capsule that would pierce the outer envelope where containment means 13 was absent from the exterior of the electric lamp.
  • Containment means 13 includes a coating, that is disposed over envelope 12 of lamp 10. for containing fragments resulting from fracture of capsule 18.
  • Containment coating 13 should be relatively transparent so as to allow a substantial amount of light to pass through it.
  • coating 13 should be resistant to degradation by high temperature and ultraviolet radiation.
  • the containment coating material is preferably either a fluoropolymer or a silicone rubber base material. Coating 13 can be applied to an outer envelope of any wall thickness in order to provide containment capabilities. The coating materials used here also exhibit a high degree of tensile strength at high temperatures.
  • coating 13A one embodiment of the fluoropolymer containment coating of the present invention is illustrated as coating 13A over a portion of envelope 12.
  • coating 13A consisted of a perfluoroalkoxy resin i.e., P.F.A. Teflon material ("Teflon” being a trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co.).
  • Teflon being a trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co.
  • the visible light transmission of this coating was found to be about 99% of that of a clear outer envelope without such a coating.
  • the perfluoroalkoxy resin material has a continuous service temperature rating of about 260° Celsius, and is essentially unaffected by ultraviolet radiation.
  • fluoropolymer materials such as fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer (i.e.. F.E.P. resin) and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (i.e., P.C.T.F.E. resin) also have similar containment capabilities and are unaffected by ultraviolet radiation, but do vary in service temperature rating. These materials have a service temperature of about 190° Celsius.
  • the fluoropolymer coating could be appliec in combination with a reinforcing material to provide either improved protection or to minimize the quantity of coating material required.
  • a reinforcing material consists of using short glass fibers (less than 0.30 inch in length) mixed in suspension within the fluoropolymer material. This combination also has the advantage of providing inherent diffusion of the light emitted from lamp 10 where desired, due to the glass fibers.
  • the thickness of the aforementioned fluoropolymer coatings are normally in the range of about 0.00 to 0.006 inch.
  • the fluoropolymer coatings of the present invention also provide lamp 10 with means for resisting thermal shock induced fracture, as might be caused by water droplets falling on the lamp while it is in operation.
  • the coating aids in making a "tamper-resistant" lamp by reinforcing the outer envelope to prevent breakage from rough handling or from a minor impact by an-external force while the lamp is in operation.
  • Manufacturing steps in making the lamp can be reduced by formulating a coating that can either diffuse the light emitted from the lamp (as in frosted or smoke white lamps) or be colored for decorative lamp purposes.
  • the fluoropolymer coatings mentioned above can be applied by conventional techniques such as electrostatic powder coating. fluidized bed coating or wet spray coating.
  • the silicone rubber containment coating 13B comprises coating envelope 12 of lamp 10 with more than one layer of material. Two or more layers of material with differing moduli of elasticity are applied on envelope 12 of lamp 10.
  • Each layer of transparent silicone rubber is formulated to have a different modulus of elasticity.
  • Each layer is applied by the process of dip coating. The thickness of each layer is in the range of about 0.001 to 0.003 inch.
  • the overall thickness of the silicone rubber coating is in the range of about 0.002 to 0.006 inch.
  • the silicone rubber containment coating 13B will also provide containment capabilities for a lamp having the wall thickness of a standard incandescent light bulb.
  • the coating reliably contained the glass fragments of the purposely fractured T-4 size halogen capsule. Visible light transmission of this coating was found to be about 99% of that of a lamp with a clear envelope or bulb.
  • the perfluroalkoxy resin had a continuous service temperature rating of about 260° Celsius.
  • an outer envelope of the lamp was formed from soda-lime glass with a concave top.
  • the envelope had a minimum wall thickness of about 1.9 millimeters.
  • the T-4 size tungsten-halogen capsule within the lamp which was made of aluminosilicate glass, was at 10 atmospheres pressure and had a volume of about two cubic centimeters.
  • the perfluroalkoxy resin coating on the outer envelope was about 0.001 inch in thickness. The coating here reliably contained the glass fragments of the purposely fractured halogen capsule.
  • an A-19 bulb containing a T-4 size tungsten-halogen capsule at about 10 atmospheres pressure was coated with an overall 0.006 inch thick layer of silicone rubber material.
  • the coating was comprised of two layers of silicone rubber material, each layer having a differing moduli of elasticity. One layer had a high modulus of elasticity and the other had a low modulus of elasticity.
  • the layers were applied by the process of dip coating. The coating here reliably contained the glass fragments of the purposely fractured halogen capsule.
  • the containment means consists of a coating of either a fluoropolymer material or a silicone rubber material that is disposed over the outer envelope of the lamp and is of a substantially light-transmissive material.
  • the coatings also exhibit a high degree of tensile strength at high temperatures.
  • the coating should be resistant to high temperatures (about 190° Celsius or higher) and be unaffected by ultraviolet radiation.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP85111705A 1984-09-17 1985-09-16 Lampe électrique comprenant une partie avec une couche d'enveloppement Withdrawn EP0175333A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65093884A 1984-09-17 1984-09-17
US650938 1984-09-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175333A2 true EP0175333A2 (fr) 1986-03-26
EP0175333A3 EP0175333A3 (fr) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=24610927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85111705A Withdrawn EP0175333A3 (fr) 1984-09-17 1985-09-16 Lampe électrique comprenant une partie avec une couche d'enveloppement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0175333A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6174252A (fr)
CA (1) CA1243723A (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988003327A1 (fr) * 1986-10-30 1988-05-05 Colourcover Limited Dispositifs lumineux electriques colores
EP0306269A2 (fr) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-08 Gte Products Corporation Lampe électrique à ampoule double
EP0452133A1 (fr) * 1990-04-13 1991-10-16 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lampes revêtues de polymère et leur procédé de fabrication
FR2680047A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-05 Oshino Electric Lamp Works Ltd Lampes miniatures.
US5243251A (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-09-07 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lamp having a glass envelope with fluorocarbon polymer layer
FR2710403A1 (fr) * 1993-09-22 1995-03-31 Zanussi Elettrodomestici Appareil frigorifique avec lampe améliorée.
EP0673057A2 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-20 Ge Lighting Limited Lampe fluorescente sans électrodes
EP1227512A2 (fr) * 2001-01-24 2002-07-31 General Electric Company Lampe halogène à filament avec une haute pression
DE102005021088A1 (de) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-16 Rehau Ag + Co. Überzug über Lichtquellen, insbesondere für Leuchtstoffröhren
US7651642B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2010-01-26 Momentive Performance Materials Inc. Stabilized polyorganosiloxane composition

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6501219B1 (en) 1999-07-29 2002-12-31 General Electric Company Shatter-resistant incandescent lamp, silicone coating composition, and method
JP2012199072A (ja) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-18 Toshiba Corp 照明装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE25017E (en) * 1961-08-08 Electric lamp
GB1243161A (en) * 1969-01-02 1971-08-18 Gte Sylvania Inc Shatter resistant incandescent lamp
US3621323A (en) * 1968-07-01 1971-11-16 Thomas Mfg Co Coated incandescent electric lamp
US3715232A (en) * 1971-07-01 1973-02-06 Gte Sylvania Inc Shatter-resistant incandescent lamp
US4048537A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-09-13 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Protective ultraviolet-transmitting sleeve for fluorescent lamp
GB2135820A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-05 Gte Prod Corp Electric lamp with high outer-envelope to inner-envelope wall-thickness ratio

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE25017E (en) * 1961-08-08 Electric lamp
US3621323A (en) * 1968-07-01 1971-11-16 Thomas Mfg Co Coated incandescent electric lamp
GB1243161A (en) * 1969-01-02 1971-08-18 Gte Sylvania Inc Shatter resistant incandescent lamp
US3715232A (en) * 1971-07-01 1973-02-06 Gte Sylvania Inc Shatter-resistant incandescent lamp
US4048537A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-09-13 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Protective ultraviolet-transmitting sleeve for fluorescent lamp
GB2135820A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-05 Gte Prod Corp Electric lamp with high outer-envelope to inner-envelope wall-thickness ratio

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988003327A1 (fr) * 1986-10-30 1988-05-05 Colourcover Limited Dispositifs lumineux electriques colores
EP0306269A2 (fr) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-08 Gte Products Corporation Lampe électrique à ampoule double
EP0306269A3 (fr) * 1987-08-28 1991-01-23 Gte Products Corporation Lampe électrique à ampoule double
US5243251A (en) * 1990-04-13 1993-09-07 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lamp having a glass envelope with fluorocarbon polymer layer
EP0452133A1 (fr) * 1990-04-13 1991-10-16 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Lampes revêtues de polymère et leur procédé de fabrication
FR2680047A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-05 Oshino Electric Lamp Works Ltd Lampes miniatures.
US5221140A (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-06-22 Oshino Electric Lamp Works, Ltd. Miniature lamps
FR2710403A1 (fr) * 1993-09-22 1995-03-31 Zanussi Elettrodomestici Appareil frigorifique avec lampe améliorée.
EP0673057A2 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-20 Ge Lighting Limited Lampe fluorescente sans électrodes
EP0673057A3 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1996-11-20 Ge Lighting Ltd Lampe fluorescente sans électrodes.
EP1227512A2 (fr) * 2001-01-24 2002-07-31 General Electric Company Lampe halogène à filament avec une haute pression
EP1227512A3 (fr) * 2001-01-24 2003-01-08 General Electric Company Lampe halogène à filament avec une haute pression
US7651642B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2010-01-26 Momentive Performance Materials Inc. Stabilized polyorganosiloxane composition
DE102005021088A1 (de) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-16 Rehau Ag + Co. Überzug über Lichtquellen, insbesondere für Leuchtstoffröhren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0175333A3 (fr) 1988-10-19
CA1243723A (fr) 1988-10-25
JPS6174252A (ja) 1986-04-16

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