EP0162704B1 - Herstellung einer ausgedehnten Bahn aus Blattmaterial - Google Patents

Herstellung einer ausgedehnten Bahn aus Blattmaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162704B1
EP0162704B1 EP85303587A EP85303587A EP0162704B1 EP 0162704 B1 EP0162704 B1 EP 0162704B1 EP 85303587 A EP85303587 A EP 85303587A EP 85303587 A EP85303587 A EP 85303587A EP 0162704 B1 EP0162704 B1 EP 0162704B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
die
convolutions
dies
cigarette
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85303587A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0162704A2 (de
EP0162704A3 (en
Inventor
Everett C. Grollimund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products Inc
Original Assignee
Philip Morris Products Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/613,160 external-priority patent/US4582507A/en
Priority claimed from US06/613,159 external-priority patent/US4585016A/en
Application filed by Philip Morris Products Inc filed Critical Philip Morris Products Inc
Publication of EP0162704A2 publication Critical patent/EP0162704A2/de
Publication of EP0162704A3 publication Critical patent/EP0162704A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0162704B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162704B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20—Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • B31F1/24—Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed
    • B31F1/26—Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions
    • B31F1/28—Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs ; Making double-faced corrugated cardboard
    • B31F1/2813—Making corrugated cardboard of composite structure, e.g. comprising two or more corrugated layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of a cigarette wrapper comprising a corrugated web of sheet material and a second flat web.
  • cigarette firmness which generally is a function of tobacco rod density. Firmness affects smoking characteristics and contributes to the subjective feel of the cigarette in the smoker's hand.
  • the conventional cigarette wrapper is relatively flimsy paper which imparts little or no strength or rigidity to the cigarette rod, but rather serves primarily to contain the tobacco.
  • the cigarette rod derives its strength and firmness almost entirely from the density of tobacco in the rod. Reduction of rod density usually results in a less firm cigarette.
  • U.S. Patent Specification 3 910 287 describes a cigarette wrapper which, for the purpose of providing an outer combustion zone through which smoke from the burning end of the cigarette reaches the mouthpiece end, has an inner wrapper formed with longitudinally-extending corrugations and surrounded by a conventional outer wrapper.
  • the overall thickness is about 0.38 mm (0.015 inch) and thus has relatively little effect on firmness and strength of the cigarette.
  • the corrugated web comprises a plurality of rows of generally sinusoidal convolutions formed from the sheet, the rows lying side by side across the width of the web, each convolution in a row extending above and below the plane of the web and being connected to the longitudinally succeeding convolution by a portion of the web lying substantially in the plane of the web, the rows of sinusoidal convolutions extend longitudinally of the cigarette wrapper, and the corrugated web is laminated with a flat web.
  • the convolutions in each row are formed to be 180° out of phase with the convolutions in adjacent rows, the flat portions in each row being in alignment with those of adjacent rows.
  • French Patent Specification 1 286 127 describes a corrugated panel similar in form to the corrugated web used in the cigarette wrapper of the present invention.
  • the corrugated panel of the French Specification is intended for use as a flat panel in filtration or heat-exchange applications and for that purpose is formed from a metallic sheet or a sheet of synthetic resin by stamping between reciprocating dies.
  • the present specification describes apparatus for manufacturing a cigarette wrapper in accordance with the invention at high speed and directly on line with a cigarette making machine.
  • a planar web of formable sheet material is sheared and formed to create an expanded web having rows of generally sinusoidal convolutions extending across its width and down its longitudinal axis.
  • the expanded web is laminated to a second web, preferably consisting of conventional cigarette paper, which forms the outer layer of a cigarette wrapper when the composite web is curled about its longitudinal axis to form a tube encircling a tobacco rod.
  • a composite web 10 generally comprises a layer of paper 11 attached to an expanded web 12.
  • the composite web is curled about its longitudinal axis to encircle a tobacco rod 14, which may then be attached to a filter 15 by known means.
  • the convolutions 16 in the expanded web 12 run in rows extending longitudinally down the web arid- tTre rows lie side-by-side across the web width.
  • a web of formable material 17 is fed off of a bobbin 18 ( Figure 3).
  • Web 17 passes between meshing rotary shearing and forming dies 19 and 20.
  • Dies 19 and 20 comprise a plurality of meshing pairs of die elements A-B and C-D extending across the web width, the meshing face of each die element having a width corresponding to the desired width of convolutions 16.
  • each convolution 16 is sheared along its lateral boundaries by teeth on the dies, which also serve to form the web 17 into the convoluted configuration.
  • expanded web 12 (formed from original web 17) passes between guides 21 to accumulator wheel 22.
  • Accumulator wheel 22 is in nip relation to glue wheel 23 which applies a line of glue 24 (Fig. 11) along the centre line of formed web 12.
  • glue wheel 23 may be situated to apply glue line 24 along the centre line of web 25 feeding from bobbin 26.
  • web 12 and web 25 may be simply drawn into a laminated confronting relationship and guided together downstream without the placement of a glue line therebetween.
  • a nip roller must be placed in nip relation to accumulator wheel 22 to assist in controlling the feed of web 12 past the accumulator. If desired, the additional roller may be another accumulator wheel.
  • Web 25 is the paper web which will form the outer layer 11 of the composite wrapper.
  • Web 25 is fed through press rollers 27 to confront the underside of expanded web 12 and so be secured to expanded web 12 along glue line 24.
  • the nip between press rollers 27 should be sufficiently small to urge the confronting webs together for a secure bond, but not so small as to permanently deform the convolutions 16 in expanded web 12.
  • the web bonding is preferably assisted by a heat source to aid in setting the glue line 24.
  • the composite web 10 may be fed directly into a cigarette making machine for forming into expanded cigarette wrappers.
  • Web 17 preferably comprises a ductile cellulosic material with sufficient resiliency so that it will not tear at the extremity of each convolution 16 during forming by dies 19 and 20. It also should be sufficiently shearable that it will cut along the lateral boundaries of each convolution during shearing by dies 19 and 20.
  • the material should be strong enough to retain the form imparted to it by the dies. Suitable material may be paper, reconstituted tobacco, flax paper, or mixtures thereof. The material should have a thickness corresponding to the clearance between dies 19 and 20, and that clearance is preferably on the order of 3 mils (0.076 mm).
  • Accumulator wheel 22 in addition to cooperating with glue wheel 23 to form a nip at the pint of glue application, also serves to meter the expanded web 12 onto web 25.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the preferred configuration of the meshing teeth of dies 19 and 20.
  • a representative portion of each die includes flat sections 28 and 29, generally sinusoidal tooth 30 and corresponding generally sinusoidal recess 31, and generally sinusoidal tooth 33 and recess 32.
  • flat sections 28 and 29 are at bottom dead centre and top dead centre of their respective rotations, they are separated by a clearance substantially equal to the thickness of web 17, and the midway point of that clearance lies in the centre of the web thickness.
  • a neutral zone N in which there is no deformation of the web by the flat sections of dies 19 and 20.
  • tooth 30 meshes with recess 31 while maintaining a clearance equal to web thickness.
  • the web 17 is thus formed into the lower half of a generally sinusoidal pattern. Further rotation of dies 19 and 20 meshes tooth 33 with recess 32 to generate the upper half of the sinusoidal convolution and then both dies return to the neutral zone defined by flat sections 34 and 35, where no forming of the web occurs.
  • the length of each die tooth, as defined by the distance, for example, from the bottom of recess 31 to the tip of tooth 33, is on the order of 1 millimeter, although this dimension may be varied as desired to create an expanded web having any required thickness.
  • Each individual die is preferably about 1 mm wide and each die set 19 and 20 preferably comprises 20 such 1 mm dies. Additionally, a die about 3 mm wide is located at each lateral end of each die set. With this die arrangement, an expanded web 12 approximately 22 mm wide can be formed without any feathering of the web edges which might result from commonly encountered lateral web drift as the web feeds through dies 19 and 20. Despite slight web drift, the outer 3 mm dies are sufficiently wide so that the web edges will be uniformly sheared and formed.
  • meshing pairs of die elements A-B and C-D are preferably extended across the width of web 17, each A die element lying 180° out of phase from the next contiguous B die element and each C die element lying 180° out of phase from the next contiguous D die element ( Figures 5 ⁇ 8).
  • the result of this arrangement is that alternate rows of convolutions extend across the web width, each row lying 180° out of phase from its abutting rows.
  • each row of convolutions is joined to the next row by a flat segment which lies in the original plane of web 17 and results from lack of formation in the neutral zone N defined by flat die sections 34 and 35 and 28 and 29.
  • Rotary dies 19 and 20 may be driven in any known manner. Preferably, they are driven by a variable speed D.C. motor connected to their axles in known manner. Likewise, accumulator wheel 22 and glue wheel 23 are driven in conventional manner, as are rollers 27, which draw web 25 off of bobbin 26. Bobbins 18 and 26 are preferably mounted on free-wheeling axles.
  • Figures 6-8 illustrate the cooperation of dies 19 and 20 during successive points in their rotation.
  • the flat sections 28 and 29 of the dies mesh, they abut web 17 without deformation of the web ( Figure 6).
  • tooth 30 forms web 17 while tooth 33 forms the web in the opposite direction to generate the next adjacent convolution 180° away. Further rotation of the dies reverses their respective effects on the web.
  • the scissor formed by the lateral edges of successive pairs of teeth 30 and 33 shears the web longitudinally from the end of one neutral zone to the beginning of the next, thus allowing the dies to more readily form the convolutions in web 17.
  • Web formation also may be assisted by adjusting the moisture content of web 17 prior to - formation followed by drying of the formed web 12 to set the sheared and formed configuration.
  • Setting agents also may be applied to the web to help in retaining the formed configuration, and those setting agents may further contain flavor- ants or additives as desired.
  • Web 25 provides outer wrapper 11, which is preferably slightly wider than expanded web 12 (Figure 11).
  • Figure 11 When the composite wrapper 10 is curled about its longitudinal axis to form a tube for encircling a tobacco rod, the additional width of wrapper 11 provides sufficient material for forming a suitable overlapping glue seam by known means.
  • the outer edges of expanded web 12 meet to form butt joint 50 which is covered and held in place by the overlapping glue seam.
  • Curling of the composite wrapper into a tube causes successive rows of convolutions to overlap slightly at their radially inward ends and to spread slightly at their radially outward ends.
  • the cumulative cross-sectional size of longitudinally-extending gaps 40 can be regulated.
  • the expanded web can be extended or condensed, thus resulting in variation of the size of gaps 40 when the composite web is curled about its longitudinal axis to form a wrapper for a smoking article, such as a cigarette.
  • gaps 40 Proper selection of the size of gaps 40 can result in a total gap area equal to the total perforation area conventionally used in cigarette filter wrap and tipping design and construction.
  • This additional means for controlling gas flow gives the cigarette designer another method of regulating smoke dilution and delivery.
  • the web may be perforated or may be made of a material with any desired porosity to further enhance its dilution characteristics. Should it be desired to close off gaps 40, an annular plug or other blocking means may be placed at the junction of tobacco rod 14 and filter 15 to preclude gas flow from gaps 40 into the filter.
  • Figure 15 illustrates an alternate form 12' of the expanded web achieved by modifying the shape of the teeth on dies 19 and 20. Any die configuration which creates a generally sinusoidal cross section convolution in web 12' may be used within the scope of the invention.
  • the apparatus generally comprises a bobbin 100 of formable sheet material 17 to be formed into expanded web 12.
  • Web 17 passes through conventional splicer 101 where material from alternate bobbin hub 102 may be spliced to web 17 in known fashion.
  • Pinch rollers 103 pull web 17 off of bobbin 100 and feed the web into accumulator 104, from where web 17 is drawn around idler wheels 105 and 106 and through rotary shearing and forming dies 19 and 20.
  • Shearing and forming dies 19 and 20 act on web 17 to form expanded web 12 in the manner discussed above.
  • expanded web 12 is metered through accumulator wheels 107 and 108 and fed onto web 25, which will become outer wrapper 11 in expanded wrapper 13.
  • Web 25 is drawn from a known cigarette wrapper feed assembly (not shown) preferably located parallel to and slightly off-line from the apparatus. The web 25 is brought on line with expanded web 12 by passage around two 45° rollers in known manner. The second 45° roller is illustrated at 110. From roller 110, web 25 passes through printing station 112 where it is printed in known fashion with desired decorations or brand marks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Zigarettenumhüllung, die eine gewellte Bahn (12) aus Flächenmaterial und eine zweite glatte Bahn (11) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gewellte Bahn eine Mehrzahl von Reihen von im allgemeinen sinusförmigen Faltungen (16) aufweist, die von dem Flächenmaterial gebildet werden, die Reihen nebeneinander über die Breite der Bahn hinweg liegen, jede Faltung in einer Reihe sich über und unter die Ebene der Bahn erstreckt und mit der in Längsrichtung darauffolgenden Faltung durch einen Abschnitt der Bahn verbunden ist, der im wesentlichen in der Ebene der Bahn liegt, und daß die Reihen von sinusförmigen Faltungen in Längsrichtung der Zigarettenumhüllung (10) verlaufen und die gewellte Bahn (12) mit der glatten Bahn (11) laminiert ist.
2. Zigarettenumhüllung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Enden der Faltungen im allgemeinen eben sind und im wesentlichen parallel zu der Ausgangsebene der ersten Bahn liegen.
3. Zigarettenumhüllung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die erste Bahn (12) ein Flächenmaterial mit einer Dicke von etwa 0,076 mm aufweist.
4. Zigarettenumhüllung nach Anspruch 3, bei der das Flächenmaterial ein Zellulosematerial ist.
5. Zigarettenumhüllung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei der die zweite Bahn ein Zigarettenpapier aufweist.
6. Zigarettenumhüllung nach einem derAnsprüche 1 bis 5, bei der die Breite der zweiten Bahn ausreichend größer als die Breite der ersten Bahn ist, um einen Überlappungssaum beim Rollen der Verbundbahn um seine Längsachse zur Bildung eines Rohrs zu erhalten.
7. Zigarettenumhüllung nach einem derAnsprüche 1 bis 6, bei der die Faltungen in jeder Reihe so ausgebildet sind, daß sie um 180° zu den Faltungen der benachbarten Reihen phasenverschoben sind und bei der der ebene Abschnitt in jeder Reihe mit jenem der benachbarten Reihen fluchtet.
8. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Zigarettenumhüllung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei eine Materialbahn mit Hilfe eines Satzes von kämmenden Drehwerkzeugen geschoben und geformt wird, um die gewellte Bahn zu erhalten, und daß die gewellte Bahn mit der zweiten Bahn zu einem Laminat verbunden wird.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem der Werkzeugsatz eine Mehrzahl von horizontal angeordneten Paaren von Werkzeugen aufweist, die Zähne auf jedem Werkzeug 180° phasenverschoben von den Zähnen auf jedem horizontal benachbarten Werkzeug sind und jeder Zahn eines Werkzeuges mit der nächsten Ausnehmung am Werkzeug durch ein flaches Segment verbunden ist, und bei dem die flachen Segmente der Werkzeugsätze eine neutrale Zone bilden, an der im wesentlichen keine Scherung oder Formung der Bahn auftritt.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, bei dem die Faltungen mittels eines kontinuierlichen Verfahrens gebildet werden, die Laminierung der beiden Bahnen kontinuierlich durchgeführt wird und die relativen Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten der Bahnen regelbar sind, um die Periodizität der Faltungen zu variieren.
11. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Zigarettenumhüllung nach Anspruch 1, die Schiebe- und Formwerkzeuge zur Bearbeitung einer flachen Bahn enthält, um eine gewellte Bahn zu bilden, die Reihen von im allgemeinen sinusförmigen Faltungen hat, gekennzeichnet durch einen Satz von kämmenden, drehbaren Form- und Schiebewerkzeugen zur Erzeugung der Faltungen.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, bei der der Werkzeugsatz eine Mehrzahl von horizontal angeordneten Paaren von Werkzeugen aufweist, die Zähne an jedem Werkzeug von den Zähnen an dem jeweils horizontal benachbarten Werkzeug um 180° phasenverschoben liegen und jeder Zahl eines Werkzeuges mit der nächsten Ausnehmung am Werkzeug durch ein flaches Segment verbunden ist, und bei dem die flachen Segmente der Werkzeugsätze eine neutrale Zone bilden, in der im wesentlichen keine Scherung oder Formung der Bahn auftritt.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Zuführeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche eine zweite Materialbahn zur Laminierung mit einer Fläche der gewellten Bahn zuführt, nachdem diese aus dem Werkzeugsatz ausgetreten ist.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, gekennzeichnet durch eine Sammeleinrichtung zum Zumessen der gewellten Bahn auf die zweite Bahn.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, gekennzeichnet durch eine Einrichtung, welche die Geschwindigkeit der Drehwerkzeuge relativ zur Geschwindigkeit der Vorschubeinrichtung variiert, um die Form der Faltungen zu variieren.
EP85303587A 1984-05-23 1985-05-21 Herstellung einer ausgedehnten Bahn aus Blattmaterial Expired EP0162704B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/613,160 US4582507A (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Apparatus for manufacturing an expanded web of sheet material and a composite expanded web
US06/613,159 US4585016A (en) 1984-05-23 1984-05-23 Expanded web of sheet material and method of making same
US613159 1984-05-23
US613160 1990-11-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162704A2 EP0162704A2 (de) 1985-11-27
EP0162704A3 EP0162704A3 (en) 1986-03-05
EP0162704B1 true EP0162704B1 (de) 1988-09-07

Family

ID=27086935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85303587A Expired EP0162704B1 (de) 1984-05-23 1985-05-21 Herstellung einer ausgedehnten Bahn aus Blattmaterial

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0162704B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH069900B2 (de)
AU (1) AU580999B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1259879A (de)
DE (1) DE3564783D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62179406U (de) * 1986-05-06 1987-11-14
JPH0727652Y2 (ja) * 1987-03-13 1995-06-21 沖電気工業株式会社 クリツプ装置
US4921034A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-05-01 Scott Paper Company Embossed paper having alternating high and low strain regions
US5105838A (en) * 1990-10-23 1992-04-21 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette
GB0809135D0 (en) 2008-05-20 2008-06-25 British American Tobacco Co Apparatus and method for making a smoking article

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE58840C (de) * W. W. BOSTWICK Nr. 38 Park Row in New-York, Staat New-York, V. St. A Maschine zur Herstellung von aufgeschlitzten Metallplatten für Bauzwecke
FR439794A (fr) * 1912-02-02 1912-06-22 Hirschwanger Holzschleiferei U Mode de construction des cylindres cannelés servant à la fabrication de cartons ondulés de divers dessins
US2539356A (en) * 1947-12-11 1951-01-23 Melvin H Sidebotham Apparatus for making fluted containers
US2940891A (en) * 1956-08-23 1960-06-14 Muller Paul Adolf Method of producing endless fibre webs having irregular surfaces
FR1286127A (fr) * 1961-03-22 1962-03-02 Krieg & Zivy Ets Panneau ondulé pour filtres ou autres applications ainsi que les filtres munis de ces panneaux
FR1349792A (fr) * 1962-03-07 1964-01-17 Garrett Corp Perfectionnements à la perforation de tôles métalliques
FR1509018A (fr) * 1966-11-15 1968-01-12 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau alvéolaire à partir d'une feuille et produits nouveaux en résultant
DE1921874A1 (de) * 1968-10-14 1970-04-23 Msl Ind Inc Erzeugnis aus Flachmaterial mit Verformungen aus seiner Ebene
US3616077A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-10-26 Owens Illinois Inc Corrugated paperboard edge sealing and slitting apparatus
US3910287A (en) * 1971-03-19 1975-10-07 Richard R Walton Smoking device
US3940529A (en) * 1973-07-05 1976-02-24 Scott Paper Company Non-nested two-ply absorbent fibrous sheet material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1259879A (en) 1989-09-26
AU4278385A (en) 1985-11-28
EP0162704A2 (de) 1985-11-27
DE3564783D1 (en) 1988-10-13
CA1274143C (de) 1990-09-18
AU580999B2 (en) 1989-02-09
JPS6116845A (ja) 1986-01-24
EP0162704A3 (en) 1986-03-05
JPH069900B2 (ja) 1994-02-09

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