EP0162357B1 - Device for adding a first granular material to a second granular material - Google Patents

Device for adding a first granular material to a second granular material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162357B1
EP0162357B1 EP85105428A EP85105428A EP0162357B1 EP 0162357 B1 EP0162357 B1 EP 0162357B1 EP 85105428 A EP85105428 A EP 85105428A EP 85105428 A EP85105428 A EP 85105428A EP 0162357 B1 EP0162357 B1 EP 0162357B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
rollers
granular material
gap
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85105428A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0162357A3 (en
EP0162357A2 (en
Inventor
Manfred Wallich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Original Assignee
Tetra Pak Holdings SA
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Priority to AT85105428T priority Critical patent/ATE55355T1/en
Publication of EP0162357A2 publication Critical patent/EP0162357A2/en
Publication of EP0162357A3 publication Critical patent/EP0162357A3/en
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Publication of EP0162357B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162357B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71775Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using helical screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for admixing a first granulate located in a first container with a second granulate located in a second container.
  • a device of this type is known in practice.
  • granules are understood to be a granular material whose grain size can vary within wide ranges, i.e. Powdery components can be processed with the mixing device according to the invention as well as large-grain components.
  • Coloring devices for mixing granular or powdery dyes, additives and the like are known. Such devices can be used as building blocks in an injection molding machine system.
  • a disk provided with outer chambers rotates as a metering cell in a horizontal plane below the material to be metered and at a certain point drops the product taken up by the chambers into a mixer.
  • the individual components are fed to the mixer in the ratio preselected to a control unit and mixed so intensively by a mixing tool that it homogeneously leaves the mixer outlet.
  • the main disadvantage of these known coloring or mixing devices is that a first good is metered into a second good from two separate containers in a third additional container and has to be mixed there for a certain time before the final product is mixed in the desired mixing ratio can leave third mixing container.
  • a first good is metered into a second good from two separate containers in a third additional container and has to be mixed there for a certain time before the final product is mixed in the desired mixing ratio can leave third mixing container.
  • more space and working time are required in the known mixing devices; because in addition to the basic granules or basic materials, the mixed materials must also be collected in an additional container and mixed there.
  • the respective stirring tool is equipped with additional drives, and the overall control for setting the correct mixing ratio is complicated. Overall, the known device is to be regarded as very complex and it is not possible to continuously adjust the mixing ratio.
  • a conveyor line is connected to a conveyor and a supply line for the supply of the first granules to be mixed is connected to the conveyor line
  • the second container is located at an upstream position of the conveyor line that under the outlet opening of the the granulate-containing first container is arranged a gap formed by two rollers and adjustable in its width
  • a connecting channel is provided between the gap and the feed line and that at least one of the two rollers is driven by a motor.
  • a similar metering device is known from document DE-U-6 901 530, in which a conveyor roller is provided over the outlet opening of a funnel-shaped silo container, under whose conditions two rollers with parallel axes are also arranged next to one another under certain conditions. By regulating the speed of the drive motor of these rollers, the passage quantity of the material to be discharged from the silo container can also be regulated.
  • the known device wants to avoid bridges and deposits on walls, so that a continuous outlet is achieved even without vibrators and blown air. For the production of artificial stone slabs, their quality is to be improved by the automatic introduction of the facing.
  • the facing material falls into a shape placed under the silo container and can be evenly distributed there.
  • the supply line for supplying the first granules to be mixed is connected to a delivery line through which the second granules are conveyed.
  • the width of the gap between the two rollers is changed.
  • the mixing device according to the invention is used as a coloring device, then the coloring can obviously be adjusted continuously.
  • the mixing of the components or of the first granulate with the second takes place in an advantageous manner through the continuous feed of the first granulate to be mixed into the second granulate which is in motion.
  • a special mixing device with the corresponding control, the agitator and the like are therefore eliminated.
  • the invention is advantageously further designed in that the gap between the two rollers is adjustable to a width of at least 1 mm.
  • the more or less fine grains can then only be used individually in a single layer, i.e. H. not several grains next to each other can be set in motion by the peripheral speed of the rollers.
  • the gap with its adjustable width automatically changes the number of granules per unit of time.
  • At least one of the two rollers has a covering made of an elastic material on its peripheral surface and if preferably both rollers are driven synchronously with one another. In this way, the speed of the granules passing through can be precisely controlled, and the granules are treated carefully due to the elastic coating of the rollers, avoiding surface abrasion or even grinding.
  • the drive motor of the rollers is a DC motor
  • the peripheral speed of the rollers is controlled in a particularly fine and reliably controllable manner, so that the mixing ratio can be continuously adjusted in a very fine manner.
  • the invention remedies this by providing a vibrating device above the outlet opening and / or in the lower region of the first container.
  • the same drive as for the rollers generates a shaking movement which is transmitted, for example, to a shaker in the form of a hook, wire or lever. In this way, any bridging during the course of operation is prevented, so that the material flow of the respective granulate is reliably ensured.
  • the feed line has a preferably adjustable suction throttle.
  • the feed line opens into the main conveyor line, in which, for example, the main granulate or second granulate is conveyed from a main container to the processing station.
  • a vacuum is created by the movement of the gas / granulate mixture, so that this and the vacuum in the delivery line also create such a pressure in the delivery line. This automatically ensures the conveyance of the particles or granules removed from the rollers with a certain amount per unit of time.
  • a suction throttle is arranged on the feed line in the manner described above, the feed speed of the granules removed from the rollers can be changed from the feed line into the main feed line. Clogging of the feed line is thus advantageously eliminated.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is advantageously designed in that the feed line has a viewing opening in the mouth region of the connecting channel. The flow of the first granules to be mixed can thus be observed.
  • the inflow of the first granules which in the case of a coloring device can represent, for example, the coloring granulate, can thus be regulated by the speed of the rollers and the roller gap formed by these.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously ensures that the granules from the container above the nip, e.g. the coloring granulate is conveyed in just a single row of granules. It is hereby not possible for about two rows of granules to lie one above the other in the nip and in this way to be able to pass one another through the nip between the two rollers. This in turn enables exact metering of the granules to be mixed in by adjusting the speed of the DC motor.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 is a coloring device in which an additional or colored granulate with a grain size of approximately 2 mm is contained in a first container 9, from which it is transferred via rollers 1 and 2 to the intermediate roller gap 8 is conveyed to the conveying line 5, in which the main granulate to be colored is conveyed in the direction of arrow 20 by suction.
  • the container for the main granulate to be colored for example a transparent granulate for creating Plastic caps, is not shown in Figure 1, but connects to the delivery line designed as a granulate suction pipe 5.
  • the processing station with the extruder is also not shown.
  • the so-called first granulate can fall out of the first container 9 while avoiding the formation of bridges by means of the vibrating device 17 into the opening 6 as the outlet of the container 9 and from there into the funnel 7, which in the illustration of FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 is downward tapered, partially with flattening and eccentrically to the opening 6.
  • the granules fall into the nip 8 of the two rolls 1 and 2 covered with a covering 16 made of elastic material in the embodiment shown here (for example silicone rubber).
  • a covering 16 made of elastic material in the embodiment shown here (for example silicone rubber).
  • a connecting channel 14 in the form of a metering shaft. This opens into the feed line 10, which in turn ends in the suction pipe 5.
  • a suction throttle 18 On the end of the feed line 10 opposite the mouth of the feed line 10 in the suction pipe 5 there is a suction throttle 18 in the form of a suction air screen.
  • an opening bottom right in FIG. 1 above the drive motor 15 is more or less closed adjustable by a slide, so that the suction throttle results.
  • rollers 1 and 2 are driven via the drive motor 15 and the chain or toothed belt 3, as can be seen in a side view in FIG. 1 and in a top view in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows the fastening of the entire device to the suction pipe 5 by means of the clamping association, generally designated 28, the holder 26 for the motor 15 and the viewing opening 19 in the form of a continuous bore which crosses the feed line 10.
  • FIG 3 clearly shows the drive conditions.
  • the drive gear 4 which drives the connecting gear 12 and the rubberized roller 1 via the keyed shaft, is driven by the DC drive motor 15 via the toothed belt 3.
  • the latter is attached via the driver pin that runs transversely at the bottom.
  • the nip 8 which has a width of 1 mm in the embodiment described here. In other words, the smallest distance between the two rollers 1 and 2: 1 mm.
  • a further connecting gearwheel 11 is driven by the gearwheel 12, which drives the second roller 2 and a gearwheel 29, which is also shown in FIG. 4 and shows the drive for the vibrator 17, via the shaft with key-and-spline connection shown.
  • the bearings and spacer sleeves of the shafts for the connecting gears 11 and 12 as well as the rollers 1 and 2 are not described in detail here.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the vibrator 17, which is designed as an L-shaped pin and is firmly soldered in the axis 24. This is seated in the bushing 23 in the housing or base body 22.
  • the connecting connector 25 is also shown in FIG. It is understood that the vibrator 17 is arranged in the funnel-shaped outlet 7 in the area above the metering opening 13. It receives its oscillating movements in that, according to FIG. 4, a clamping piece 27 slides over the teeth of the toothed wheel 29 by the tension of a spring 33. 30, 31 are the screws for fastening the corresponding wheels, here the drive wheel 4 or the connecting gear 11 on the drive axle.
  • the retaining bolt 32 for the tension spring 33 is also shown for a better understanding of the structure of the entire vibrating device.
  • the grains of the first granules in the first container 9 fall through the outlet opening 13 into the nip 8.
  • a number of granules are conveyed more or less quickly through the connecting channel 14 into the feed line 10 and from there, depending on the setting of the suction throttle, is conveyed into the main suction line 5, in which, in the direction of arrow 20, a transparent granulate for the production of container caps is sucked from the main container (not shown) to a processing station.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for adding a first granular material which is disposed in a first container to a second granular material is provided and includes a conveyor conduit connected to a conveyor means, and a feed conduit communicating with the conveyor conduit for the feed of the first granular material which is to be added. In order to be able more easily to mix substances in powder or granular form, wherein the mixing ratio is to be continuously adjustable, the invention provides that disposed below the outlet opening of the first container containing the granular material to be added is a gap which is formed between two rollers. A communicating passage is provided between the gap and the feed conduit to provide the first granular material. By varying the width of the gap, the amount of the first granular material added may be quantitatively controlled.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Beimischen eines in einem ersten Behälter befindlichen ersten Granulates zu einem in einem zweiten Behälter befindlichen zweiten Granulat. Eine Vorrichtung dieser Art ist in der Praxis bekannt.The invention relates to a device for admixing a first granulate located in a first container with a second granulate located in a second container. A device of this type is known in practice.

Unter Granulat wird im Sinne der Erfindung ein körniges Material verstanden, dessen Korngröße in weiten Bereichen variieren kann, d.h. pulverige Komponenten können mit der Mischvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung ebenso bearbeitet werden wie großkörnige Komponenten.For the purposes of the invention, granules are understood to be a granular material whose grain size can vary within wide ranges, i.e. Powdery components can be processed with the mixing device according to the invention as well as large-grain components.

Bekannt sind Einfärbegeräte zum Vermischen von körnigen oder pulverförmigen Farbstoffen, Additiven und dergleichen. Solche Geräte können als Bausteine im Rahmen eines Spritzgußmaschinensystems verwendet werden.Coloring devices for mixing granular or powdery dyes, additives and the like are known. Such devices can be used as building blocks in an injection molding machine system.

Bei einer speziellen Ausführungsform dieses bekannten Einfärbegerätes dreht sich eine mit äußeren Kammern versehene Scheibe als Dosierzelle in einer horizontalen Ebene unter dem zu dosierenden Material und laßt an einer bestimmten Stelle das von den Kammern aufgenommene Produkt in einen Mischer fallen. Die einzelnen Komponenten werden in dem an einen Steuergerät vorgewählten Verhältnis dem Mischer zugeführt und von einem Mischwerkzeug so intensiv gemischt, daß es homogen den Mischerauslauf verläßt.In a special embodiment of this known inking device, a disk provided with outer chambers rotates as a metering cell in a horizontal plane below the material to be metered and at a certain point drops the product taken up by the chambers into a mixer. The individual components are fed to the mixer in the ratio preselected to a control unit and mixed so intensively by a mixing tool that it homogeneously leaves the mixer outlet.

Der Hauptnachteil dieser bekannten Einfärbe-oder Mischgeräte besteht darin, daß ein erstes Gut zu einem zweiten Gut aus zwei getrennten Behältern in einen dritten zusätzlichen Behälter dosiert eingeführt und dort eine gewisse Zeit lang vermischt werden muß, bevor man das Endprodukt in dem gewünschten Mischverhältnis diesen letzten dritten Mischbehälter verlassen kann. Ersichtlich sind bei den bekannten Beimischvorrichtungen mehr raum und Arbeitszeit erforderlich; denn außer den Grundgranulaten oder Grundmaterialien müssen auch die gemischten Materialien in einem zusätzlichen Behälter aufgefangen und dort gemischt werden. Das jeweilige Rührwerkzeug ist mit zusätzlichen Antrieben versehen, und die Gesamtsteuerung für die Einstellung des richtigen Mischverhältnisses ist kompliziert. Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist insgesamt als sehr aufwendig zu betrachten, und es ist nicht möglich, das Mischverhältnis kontinuierlich zu verstellen.The main disadvantage of these known coloring or mixing devices is that a first good is metered into a second good from two separate containers in a third additional container and has to be mixed there for a certain time before the final product is mixed in the desired mixing ratio can leave third mixing container. Obviously, more space and working time are required in the known mixing devices; because in addition to the basic granules or basic materials, the mixed materials must also be collected in an additional container and mixed there. The respective stirring tool is equipped with additional drives, and the overall control for setting the correct mixing ratio is complicated. Overall, the known device is to be regarded as very complex and it is not possible to continuously adjust the mixing ratio.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die bekannte Mischvorrichtung so zu verbessern, daß pulverige oder körnige Stoffe, die hier allgemein als Granulat bezeichnet werden sollen, auf einfacherem Weg vermischt werden können, wobei das Mischverhältnis kontinuierlich verstellbar sein soll.It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve the known mixing device so that powdery or granular substances, which are generally referred to here as granules, can be mixed in a simpler way, the mixing ratio being intended to be continuously adjustable.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine Förderleitung an eine Fördereinrichtung angeschlossen ist und eine Zuführleitung für die Zufuhr des beizumischenden ersten Granulats mit der Förderleitung in Verbindung steht, sich der zweite Behälter an einer stromaufwärts gelegenen Stellung der Förderleitung befindet, daß unter der Auslauföffnung des das beizumischende Granulat enthaltenden ersten Behälters ein durch zwei Walzen gebildeter und in seiner Breit einstellbarer Spalt angeordnet ist, eine Verbindungskanal zwischen dem Spalt und der Zuführleitung vorgesehen ist und daß mindestens eine der beiden Walzen von einem Motor angetrieben ist. Durch die Einstellbarkeit des Spaltes wird in unerwarteter Weise die Möglichkeit geschaffen, das beizumischende Granulat oder Produkt mit mehr oder weniger großer Geschwindigkeit durchlaufen zu lassen, während unabhängig davon die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit des Hauptgranulates einstellbar ist. Mit anderen Worten, man kann auf diese Weise die Menge des beizumischenden ersten Granulates dosieren, und mit Vorteil ist zusätzlich diese Dosierung laufend verstellbar.This object is achieved in that a conveyor line is connected to a conveyor and a supply line for the supply of the first granules to be mixed is connected to the conveyor line, the second container is located at an upstream position of the conveyor line that under the outlet opening of the the granulate-containing first container is arranged a gap formed by two rollers and adjustable in its width, a connecting channel is provided between the gap and the feed line and that at least one of the two rollers is driven by a motor. The adjustability of the gap unexpectedly creates the possibility of allowing the granules or product to be mixed to pass through at a more or less high speed, while independently of this the throughput speed of the main granules can be adjusted. In other words, the amount of the first granules to be mixed can be metered in this way, and this metering can advantageously also be continuously adjusted.

Aus dem Dokument DE-U-6 901 530 ist zwar ein ähnliches Dosiergerät bekannt, bei welchem über der Auslaßöffnung eines trichterförmigen Silobehälters eine Förderwalze vorgesehen ist, an deren Stelle unter bestimmten Bedingungen auch zwei Walzen mit parallelen Achsen nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Durch die Drehzahlregelung des Antriebsmotors dieser Walzen kann auch die Durchtrittsmenge des aus dem Silobehälter auszutragenden Gutes regulierte werden. Die bekannte Einrichtung will Brückenbildungen und Ansetzungen an Wänden vermeiden, damit ein kontinuierlicher Auslauf auch ohne Rüttler und eingeblasene Luft erreicht wird. Zur Herstellung von Kunststeinplatten soll deren Qualität durch das automatische Einbringen des Vorsatzes verbessert werden. In eine unter den Silobehälter gebracht Form fällt das Vorsatzmaterial ein und kann dort gleichmäßig verteilt werden. Das Beimischen eines ersten Granulates zu einem zweiten Granulat ist mit dieser bekannten Einrichtung weder möglich, noch erreichbar. Erfindungsgemäß hingegen steht die Zuführleitung für die Zufuhr des beizumischenden ersten Granulates mit einer Förderleitung in Verbindung, durch welche das zweite Granulat gefördert wird. Für die Veränderung des Durchlaufes des beizumischenden Produktes wird die Breite des Spaltes zwischen den beiden Walzen verändert. Für die vorstehenden Merkmale findet der Leser keine Hinweise aus der Beschreibung der bekannten Einrichtung.A similar metering device is known from document DE-U-6 901 530, in which a conveyor roller is provided over the outlet opening of a funnel-shaped silo container, under whose conditions two rollers with parallel axes are also arranged next to one another under certain conditions. By regulating the speed of the drive motor of these rollers, the passage quantity of the material to be discharged from the silo container can also be regulated. The known device wants to avoid bridges and deposits on walls, so that a continuous outlet is achieved even without vibrators and blown air. For the production of artificial stone slabs, their quality is to be improved by the automatic introduction of the facing. The facing material falls into a shape placed under the silo container and can be evenly distributed there. The admixing of a first granulate to a second granulate is neither possible nor achievable with this known device. According to the invention, however, the supply line for supplying the first granules to be mixed is connected to a delivery line through which the second granules are conveyed. To change the flow of the product to be mixed, the width of the gap between the two rollers is changed. The reader will not find any information from the description of the known device for the above features.

Wird die Mischvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung als Einfärbegerät verwendet, dann kann ersichtlich die Farbgebung kontinuierlich verstellt werden. Das Vermischen der Komponenten bzw. des ersten Granulates mit dem zweiten erfolgt in vorteilhafter Weise durch den kontinuierlichen Zulauf des beizumischenden ersten Granulates zu dem in Bewegung befindlichen zweiten Granulat. Eine besondere Mischeinrichtung mit der entsprechenden Steuerung, dem Rührwerk und dergleichen entfallen mithin. Diese aufwendigen Zusatzeinrichtungen sind bei den bekannten Geräten unerläßlich, und dabei kann dennoch nicht verhindert werden, daß zuerst die gesamten Komponenten zu Ende vermischt werden müssen, bevor man sie entleeren und dem nächsten Verarbeitungsgang zuführen kann.If the mixing device according to the invention is used as a coloring device, then the coloring can obviously be adjusted continuously. The mixing of the components or of the first granulate with the second takes place in an advantageous manner through the continuous feed of the first granulate to be mixed into the second granulate which is in motion. A special mixing device with the corresponding control, the agitator and the like are therefore eliminated. These expensive additional devices are essential in the known devices, and yet it cannot be prevented that the entire first Components must be mixed thoroughly before they can be emptied and fed to the next processing step.

Erst nach der vollständigen Entleerung des Mischbehälters kann bei den bekannten Mischvorrichtungen das nächste, gegebenenfalls unterschiedliche Mischverhältnis eingestellt werden. Hier schafft die Erfindung erheblich einfachere Vorrichtungen und einen einfacheren Betrieb mit dennoch vielseitigeren Funktionen.Only after the mixing container has been completely emptied can the next, possibly different, mixing ratio be set in the known mixing devices. Here the invention creates considerably simpler devices and simpler operation with more versatile functions.

Die Erfindung ist zweckmäßig weiter dadurch ausgestaltet, daß der Spalt zwischen den beiden Walzen auf eine Breite von wenigstens 1 mm einstellbare ist. Die mehr oder weniger feinen Körner können dann nur einzeln in einer einzigen Schicht, d. h. nicht mehrere Körner nebeneinander, von der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Walzen in Bewegung gebracht werden. Durch den Spalt mit seiner verstellbaren Breite wird automatisch die Anzahl der Körner des Granulats pro Zeiteinheit veränderbar.The invention is advantageously further designed in that the gap between the two rollers is adjustable to a width of at least 1 mm. The more or less fine grains can then only be used individually in a single layer, i.e. H. not several grains next to each other can be set in motion by the peripheral speed of the rollers. The gap with its adjustable width automatically changes the number of granules per unit of time.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es dabei erfindungsgemäß, wenn mindestens eine der beiden Walzen auf ihrer Umfangsoberfläche einen Belag aus einem elastischen Material aufweist und wenn vorzugsweise beide Walzsen synchron zueinander angetrieben sind. Hierdurch kann die Geschwindigkeit der durchlaufenden Granulatkörner exakt gesteuert werden, und durch den elastischen Belag der Walzen werden die Körner vorsichtig behandelt, wobei ein Oberflächenabrieb oder gar ein Zermahlen vermieden wird.It is particularly expedient according to the invention if at least one of the two rollers has a covering made of an elastic material on its peripheral surface and if preferably both rollers are driven synchronously with one another. In this way, the speed of the granules passing through can be precisely controlled, and the granules are treated carefully due to the elastic coating of the rollers, avoiding surface abrasion or even grinding.

Wenn ferner erfindungsgemäß der Antriebsmotor der Walzen ein Gleichstrommotor ist, erfolgt die Steuerung der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Walzen besonders fein und zuverlässig regelbar, so daß das Mischverhältnis kontinuierlich in sehr feiner Weise verstellt werden kann.If, furthermore, according to the invention the drive motor of the rollers is a DC motor, the peripheral speed of the rollers is controlled in a particularly fine and reliably controllable manner, so that the mixing ratio can be continuously adjusted in a very fine manner.

Bisweilen ergibt sich am Auslaufende eines Behälters, der nach unten hin im allgemeinen trichterförmig zusammenläuft, insbesondere wenn der Behälter feinkörnige oder gar pulverförmige Materialien enthält, eine nachteilige Brückenbildung, so daß das Entleeren eines solchen Behälters mit Schwierigkeiten verbunden ist. Hier schafft die Erfindung Abhilfe dadurch, daß über der Auslauföffnung und/oder im unteren Bereich des ersten Behälters ein Rütteleinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise wird mit dem gleichen Antrieb wie für die Walzen eine Rüttelbewegung erzeugt, die beispielsweise auf einen Rüttler in Gestalt eines Hakens, Drahtes oder Hebels übertragen wird. Auf diese Weise wird jegliche Brückenbildung im Verlaufe des Betriebes unterbunden, so daß der Materialfluß des jeweiligen Granulats zuverlässig gewährleistet ist.Sometimes there is a disadvantageous bridging at the outlet end of a container which generally converges towards the bottom in a funnel shape, especially if the container contains fine-grained or even powdery materials, so that emptying such a container is difficult. The invention remedies this by providing a vibrating device above the outlet opening and / or in the lower region of the first container. Preferably, the same drive as for the rollers generates a shaking movement which is transmitted, for example, to a shaker in the form of a hook, wire or lever. In this way, any bridging during the course of operation is prevented, so that the material flow of the respective granulate is reliably ensured.

Vorteilhaft ist es erfindungsgemäß auch, wenn die Zuführleitung eine vorzugsweise verstellbare Saugdrossel aufweist. Die Zuführleitung mündet in die Hauptförderleitung, in welcher beispielsweise das Hauptgranulat oder zweite Granulat aus einem Hauptbehälter zur Verarbeitungsstation gefördert wird. An der Mündungsöffnung der zuführleitung in die Förderleitung entsteht durch die Bewegung des Gas/Granulatgemisches ein Unterdruck, so daß durch diesen und durch den in der Förderleitung befindlichen Unterdruck auch in der Zuführleitung ein solcher entsteht. Damit ist von selbst für die Förderung der aus den Walzen mit bestimmter Menge pro Zeiteinheit abgeförderten Teilchen oder Granulatkörner gesorgt. Ordnet man in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise eine Saugdrossel an der Zuführleitung an, dann kann die Zuführgeschwindigkeit der aus den Walzen abgeförderten Granulatkörner von der Zuführleitung in die Hauptförderleitung hin verändert werden. Ein Verstopfen der Zuführleitung ist damit vorteilhaft ausgeschaltet.It is also advantageous according to the invention if the feed line has a preferably adjustable suction throttle. The feed line opens into the main conveyor line, in which, for example, the main granulate or second granulate is conveyed from a main container to the processing station. At the mouth of the feed line into the delivery line, a vacuum is created by the movement of the gas / granulate mixture, so that this and the vacuum in the delivery line also create such a pressure in the delivery line. This automatically ensures the conveyance of the particles or granules removed from the rollers with a certain amount per unit of time. If a suction throttle is arranged on the feed line in the manner described above, the feed speed of the granules removed from the rollers can be changed from the feed line into the main feed line. Clogging of the feed line is thus advantageously eliminated.

Ein weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorteilhaft dadurch ausgestaltet, daß die Zuführleitung im Mündungsbereich des Verbindungskanals eine Sichtöffnung aufweist. Damit kann der Fluß des beizumischenden ersten Granulates beobachtet werden.Another embodiment of the invention is advantageously designed in that the feed line has a viewing opening in the mouth region of the connecting channel. The flow of the first granules to be mixed can thus be observed.

Der Zufluß des ersten Granulates, welches im Falle eines Einfärbegerätes zum Beispiel das Einfärbegranulat darstellen kann, kann also durch die Drehzahl der Walzen und den durch diese beiden gebildeten Walzenspalt reguliert werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sorgt mit Vorteil dafür, daß die Granulatkörner aus dem Behälter über dem Walzenspalt, z.B. das Einfärbegranulat, in nur einer einzigen Reihe von Granulatkörnern gefördert wird. Es ist hierdurch nicht möglich, daß etwa zwei Reihen von Granulatkörnern im Walzenspalt übereinanderliegen und in dieser Weise übereinanderliegend durch den Spalt zwischen den beiden Walzen hindurchgelangen können. Damit wiederum ist mittels der Verstellung der Drehzahl des Gleichstrommotors eine exakte Dosierung der beizumischenden Granulatkörner ermöglicht.The inflow of the first granules, which in the case of a coloring device can represent, for example, the coloring granulate, can thus be regulated by the speed of the rollers and the roller gap formed by these. The device according to the invention advantageously ensures that the granules from the container above the nip, e.g. the coloring granulate is conveyed in just a single row of granules. It is hereby not possible for about two rows of granules to lie one above the other in the nip and in this way to be able to pass one another through the nip between the two rollers. This in turn enables exact metering of the granules to be mixed in by adjusting the speed of the DC motor.

Weitere Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 schematischen und teilweise abgebrochen den ersten Behälter mit dem ersten, beizumischenden Granulat, beispielsweise dem Einfärbegranulat, mit darunter befindlichen Walzen und dem Antriebsmotor für diese,
  • Figur 2 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie 11-11 in Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 eine teilweise abgebrochene Schnittansicht, die etwa entlang der Linie 111-111 der Figur 1 gesehen ist und
  • Figur 4 eine abgebrochene Schnittansicht etwa entlang der Linie IV-IV in Figur 1.
Further advantages and possible uses of the present invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic and partially broken off the first container with the first granules to be mixed, for example the coloring granules, with rollers underneath and the drive motor for them,
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a partially broken sectional view, which is seen approximately along the line 111-111 of Figure 1 and
  • FIG. 4 shows a broken sectional view approximately along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

Bei der in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellten Auführungsform handelt es sich um eine Einfärbevorrichtung, bei welchen ein Zusatz- oder Farbgranulat mit einer Korngröße von etwa 2 mm in einem ersten Behälter 9 enthalten ist, von dem es über die Walzen 1 und 2 mit dem dazwischen befindlichten Walzenspalt 8 der Förderleitung 5 zugefördert wird, in welchem in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 das einzufärbende Hauptgranulat durch Saugen gefördert wird. Der Behälter für das einzufärbende Hauptgranulat, beispielsweise einem durchsichtigen Granulat für die Erstellung von Kunststoffkappen, ist in Figur 1 nicht dargestellt, schließt aber an die als Granulatsaugrohr 5 ausgestaltete Förderleitung an. Ebenso ist die Verarbeitungsstation mit dem Extruder nicht dargestellt.The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a coloring device in which an additional or colored granulate with a grain size of approximately 2 mm is contained in a first container 9, from which it is transferred via rollers 1 and 2 to the intermediate roller gap 8 is conveyed to the conveying line 5, in which the main granulate to be colored is conveyed in the direction of arrow 20 by suction. The container for the main granulate to be colored, for example a transparent granulate for creating Plastic caps, is not shown in Figure 1, but connects to the delivery line designed as a granulate suction pipe 5. The processing station with the extruder is also not shown.

Das sogenannte erste Granulat kann aus dem ersten Behälter 9 unter Vermeidung von Brückenbildung mittels der Rütteleinrichtung 17 in die Öffnung 6 als Auslauf des Behälters 9 und von dort in den Trichter 7 fallen, der sich in der Darstellung der Figuren 1, 2 und 4 nach unten verjüngt, teilweise unter Abflachung und exzentrisch zur Öffnung 6. Aus der Auslauföffnung 13, die damit sozusagen eine Dosieröffnung darstellt, fallen die Granulatkörner in den Walzenspalt 8 der beiden bei der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform mit einem Belag 16 aus elastischem Material belegten Walzen 1 und 2 (beispielsweise Siliconkautschuk). Es wäre zwar möglich, daß die Walze 1 gummiert, dagegen die Walze 2 eine massive Walze ist, bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind vorzugsweise aber beide Walzen 1, 2 in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise gummiert. Zwischen dem Walzenspalt 8 und der Zuführleitung 10 in Gestalt einer Bohrung im Gehäuse 22 befindet sich ein Verbindungskanal 14 in Form eines Dosierschachtes. Dieser mündet in der Zufuhrleitung 10, welche ihrerseits in dem Saugrohr 5 endet. Auf dem der Mündungsöffnung der Zuführleitung 10 im Saugrohr 5 gegenüberliegenden Ende der Zuführleitung 10 befindet sich eine Saugdrossel 18 in Form einer Saugluftblende. Mit anderen Worten wird eine Öffnung (in Figur 1 unten rechts über dem Antriebsmotor 15) durch einen Schieber verstellbar mehr oder weniger geschlossen, so daß sich die Saugdrossel ergibt.The so-called first granulate can fall out of the first container 9 while avoiding the formation of bridges by means of the vibrating device 17 into the opening 6 as the outlet of the container 9 and from there into the funnel 7, which in the illustration of FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 is downward tapered, partially with flattening and eccentrically to the opening 6. From the outlet opening 13, which thus represents a metering opening, so to speak, the granules fall into the nip 8 of the two rolls 1 and 2 covered with a covering 16 made of elastic material in the embodiment shown here ( for example silicone rubber). Although it would be possible for the roller 1 to be rubberized, while the roller 2 is a solid roller, in the preferred embodiment both rollers 1, 2 are preferably rubberized in the manner described above. Between the nip 8 and the feed line 10 in the form of a bore in the housing 22 there is a connecting channel 14 in the form of a metering shaft. This opens into the feed line 10, which in turn ends in the suction pipe 5. On the end of the feed line 10 opposite the mouth of the feed line 10 in the suction pipe 5 there is a suction throttle 18 in the form of a suction air screen. In other words, an opening (bottom right in FIG. 1 above the drive motor 15) is more or less closed adjustable by a slide, so that the suction throttle results.

Der Antrieb der Walzen 1 und 2 erfolgt über den Antriebsmotor 15 und die Kette bzw. den Zahnriemen 3, wie man in Seitenansicht in Figur 1 und in Draufsicht in den Figuren 2 und 3 erkennen kann.The rollers 1 and 2 are driven via the drive motor 15 and the chain or toothed belt 3, as can be seen in a side view in FIG. 1 and in a top view in FIGS. 2 and 3.

In Figur 1 sind schließlich die Befestigung der gesamten Vorrichtung an dem Saugrohr 5 mittels des allgemein mit 28 bezeichneten Klemmverbandes, die Halterung 26 für den Motor 15 und die Sichtöffnung 19 in Gestalt einer durchgehenden Bohrung gezeigt, welche die Zuführleitung 10 kreuzt.Finally, FIG. 1 shows the fastening of the entire device to the suction pipe 5 by means of the clamping association, generally designated 28, the holder 26 for the motor 15 and the viewing opening 19 in the form of a continuous bore which crosses the feed line 10.

Figur 3 zeigt deutlich die Antriebsverhältnisse. Von dem gleichstromgetriebenen Antriebsmotor 15 wird über den Zahnriemen 3 das Antriebszahnrad 4 angetrieben, welches über die verkeilte Welle das Verbindungszahnrad 12 und die gummierte Walze 1 antreibt. Letztere ist über den unten quer verlaufenden Mitnehmerstift befestigt. Man erkennt in Figure 3 deutlich den Walzenspalt 8, der bei der hier beschriebenen Ausführungsform eine Weite von 1 mm hat. Mit anderen Worten ist der geringste Abstand zweischen den beiden Walzen 1 und 2:1 mm.Figure 3 clearly shows the drive conditions. The drive gear 4, which drives the connecting gear 12 and the rubberized roller 1 via the keyed shaft, is driven by the DC drive motor 15 via the toothed belt 3. The latter is attached via the driver pin that runs transversely at the bottom. In Figure 3 you can clearly see the nip 8, which has a width of 1 mm in the embodiment described here. In other words, the smallest distance between the two rollers 1 and 2: 1 mm.

Von dem Zahnrad 12 wird ein weiteres Verbindungszahnrad 11 angetrieben, welches über die dargestellte Welle mit Nut-Keilverbindung die zweite Walze 2 und ein Zahnrad 29 antreibt, welches auch in Figur 4 gezeigt ist und den Antrieb für den Rüttler 17 zeigt. Die Lager und Abstandsbüchsen der Wellen für die Verbindungszahnräder 11 und 12 sowie die Walzen 1 und 2 sind hier nicht näher beschrieben.A further connecting gearwheel 11 is driven by the gearwheel 12, which drives the second roller 2 and a gearwheel 29, which is also shown in FIG. 4 and shows the drive for the vibrator 17, via the shaft with key-and-spline connection shown. The bearings and spacer sleeves of the shafts for the connecting gears 11 and 12 as well as the rollers 1 and 2 are not described in detail here.

Figur 4 veranschaulicht den als L-förmigen Stift ausgebildeten Rüttler 17, der in der Achse 24 fest verlötet ist. Diese sitzt in der Laufbuchse 23 im Gehäuse oder Grundkörper 22. Darüber ist in Figur 4 auch die Verbindungsacnse 25 dargestellt. Es versteht sich, daß der Rüttler 17 im trichterförmigen Auslauf 7 im Bereich über der Dosieröffnung 13 angeordnet ist. Seine oszillierenden Bewegungen erhält er dadurch, daß gemäß Figur 4 eine Klemmstück 27 durch den Zug einer Feder 33 über die Zähne des Zahnrades 29 gleitet. 30, 31 sind die Schrauben für die Befestigung der entsprechenden Räder, hier des Antriebsrades 4 bzw. des Verbindungszahnrades 11 an der Antriebsachse. Auch der Haltebolzen 32 für die Zugfeder 33 ist zum besseren Verständnis des Aufbaues der gesamten Rütteleinrichtung dargestellt. Das in Figur 4 gezeigte linke Ende der Zugfeder 33 ist also am Haltebolzen 32 befestigt, während das gegenüberliegende Ende in der Figur 4 unter halb des Klemmstücks 27 an diesem angebracht ist, so daß bei Schwenkung des Klemmstückes dessen in Figur 4 rechte Seite über die Zähne des Zahnrades 29 gleitet und die oszillierende oder rüttelnde Bewegung für den Rüttler 17 schafft.FIG. 4 illustrates the vibrator 17, which is designed as an L-shaped pin and is firmly soldered in the axis 24. This is seated in the bushing 23 in the housing or base body 22. The connecting connector 25 is also shown in FIG. It is understood that the vibrator 17 is arranged in the funnel-shaped outlet 7 in the area above the metering opening 13. It receives its oscillating movements in that, according to FIG. 4, a clamping piece 27 slides over the teeth of the toothed wheel 29 by the tension of a spring 33. 30, 31 are the screws for fastening the corresponding wheels, here the drive wheel 4 or the connecting gear 11 on the drive axle. The retaining bolt 32 for the tension spring 33 is also shown for a better understanding of the structure of the entire vibrating device. The left end of the tension spring 33 shown in FIG. 4 is thus fastened to the holding bolt 32, while the opposite end in FIG. 4 is attached to the clamping piece 27 under half of it, so that when the clamping piece is pivoted, the right side in FIG. 4 over the teeth of the gear 29 slides and creates the oscillating or shaking movement for the vibrator 17.

Im Betrieb fallen die Körner des ersten Granulats in dem ersten Behälter 9 durch die Auslauföffnung 13 im den Walzenspalt 8. Entsprechend der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Walzen 1 und 2 wird eine Reihe von Granulatkörnern mehr oder weniger schnell durch den Verbindungskanal 14 in die Zuführleitung 10 gefördert und von dort je nach Einstellung der Saugdrossel in die Hauptsaugleitung 5 gefördert, in welcher in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 ein durchsichtiges Granulat zur Herstellung von Behälterkappen aus dem nicht dargestellten Hauptbehälter zu einer Verarbeitungsstation gesaugt wird.In operation, the grains of the first granules in the first container 9 fall through the outlet opening 13 into the nip 8. Depending on the peripheral speed of the rollers 1 and 2, a number of granules are conveyed more or less quickly through the connecting channel 14 into the feed line 10 and from there, depending on the setting of the suction throttle, is conveyed into the main suction line 5, in which, in the direction of arrow 20, a transparent granulate for the production of container caps is sucked from the main container (not shown) to a processing station.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for admixing a first granular material disposed in a first container (9) to a second granular material disposed in a second container, characterised in that a conveyor conduit (5) is connected to a conveyor means, a feed conduit (10) for the feed of the first granular material to be admixed communicates with the conveyor conduit (5) that the second container is disposed at an upstream position of the container conduit (5), that disposed beneath the outlet opening (6, 13) of the first container (9) which contains the granular material to be admixed is a gap (8) which is formed by two rollers (1, 2) and which is adjustable in respect of its width, a communicating passage (14) is provided between the gap (8) and the feed conduit (10), and that at least one of the two rollers (1, 2) is driven by a motor.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the gap (8) between the two rollers (1, 2) can be set to a width of at least 1 mm.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that at least one of the two rollers (1, 2) has a covering (16) of an elastic material on its peripheral surface and that preferably both rollers (1, 2) are driven synchronously with each other.
4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the drive motor (15) for the rollers (1, 2) is a dc motor.
5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that a shaker means (17) is disposed above the outlet opening (13) and/or in the lower region of the first container (9).
6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the feed conduit (10) has a preferably adjustable suction throttle (18).
7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the feed conduit (10) has a sight opening (19) in the mouth region of the communicating passage (14).
EP85105428A 1984-05-25 1985-05-03 Device for adding a first granular material to a second granular material Expired - Lifetime EP0162357B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85105428T ATE55355T1 (en) 1984-05-25 1985-05-03 DEVICE FOR ADDING A FIRST GRANULE TO A SECOND GRANULE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19843419518 DE3419518A1 (en) 1984-05-25 1984-05-25 DEVICE FOR ADDING A FIRST GRANULATE TO A SECOND GRANULATE
DE3419518 1984-05-25

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EP0162357A2 EP0162357A2 (en) 1985-11-27
EP0162357A3 EP0162357A3 (en) 1987-08-05
EP0162357B1 true EP0162357B1 (en) 1990-08-08

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EP (1) EP0162357B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60257829A (en)
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CN110801746A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-18 芜湖奕瑞农业科技有限公司 Quick quantitative cattle farm feed mixing device
CN113023391A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-25 广灵金隅水泥有限公司 Air locking discharging device

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EP0162357A3 (en) 1987-08-05
JPH0568296B2 (en) 1993-09-28
US4653929A (en) 1987-03-31
DE3579036D1 (en) 1990-09-13
ATE55355T1 (en) 1990-08-15
DE3419518C2 (en) 1991-01-31
EP0162357A2 (en) 1985-11-27
JPS60257829A (en) 1985-12-19
DE3419518A1 (en) 1985-11-28

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