EP0161461B1 - Procédé d'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son application comme matériau de support pour plaques d'impression offset - Google Patents

Procédé d'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son application comme matériau de support pour plaques d'impression offset Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0161461B1
EP0161461B1 EP85104072A EP85104072A EP0161461B1 EP 0161461 B1 EP0161461 B1 EP 0161461B1 EP 85104072 A EP85104072 A EP 85104072A EP 85104072 A EP85104072 A EP 85104072A EP 0161461 B1 EP0161461 B1 EP 0161461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
und
gew
parts
anodic oxidation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85104072A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0161461A3 (en
EP0161461A2 (fr
Inventor
Michael Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Brenk
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0161461A2 publication Critical patent/EP0161461A2/fr
Publication of EP0161461A3 publication Critical patent/EP0161461A3/de
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Publication of EP0161461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0161461B1/fr
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41NPRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N3/00Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
    • B41N3/03Chemical or electrical pretreatment
    • B41N3/034Chemical or electrical pretreatment characterised by the electrochemical treatment of the aluminum support, e.g. anodisation, electro-graining; Sealing of the anodised layer; Treatment of the anodic layer with inorganic compounds; Colouring of the anodic layer
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/06Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
    • C25D11/08Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S205/00Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions
    • Y10S205/921Electrolytic coating of printing member, other than selected area coating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335Product by special process
    • Y10S428/934Electrical process
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y10T428/257Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/269Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of an anodic oxidation process for aluminum, which is used as a carrier material for offset printing plates, using an aqueous electrolyte based on phosphoric acid.
  • Carrier materials for offset printing plates are provided either by the consumer directly or by the manufacturer of precoated printing plates on one or both sides with a radiation (light) sensitive layer (reproduction layer), with the help of which a printing image is generated in a photomechanical way.
  • the layer support After a printing form has been produced from the printing plate, the layer support carries the image areas which will guide the color during later printing and at the same time forms the hydrophilic image background for the lithographic printing process at the areas which are free of image (non-image areas) during later printing.
  • Aluminum is particularly often used as a substrate, which is roughened on the surface by known methods by dry brushing, wet brushing, sandblasting, chemical and / or electrochemical treatment.
  • electrochemically roughened substrates in particular are subjected to an anodization step to build up a thin oxide layer.
  • electrolytes such as H 2 S0 4 , H 3 P0 4 , H 2 C 2 0 4 , H 3 BO 3 , amidosulfonic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfosalicylic acid or mixtures thereof.
  • the oxide layers built up in these electrolytes or electrolyte mixtures differ in structure, layer thickness and resistance to chemicals.
  • aqueous H2SO 4 or H 3 P0 4 solutions are used.
  • Aluminum oxide layers produced in aqueous electrolytes containing H 2 S0 4 are amorphous and usually have a layer weight of about 0.5 to 10 g / m 2 in offset printing plates, corresponding to a layer thickness of about 0.15 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
  • a disadvantage of the use of such an anodized support material, especially for offset printing plates is the relatively low resistance of the oxide layers produced in H 2 S0 4 electrolytes to alkaline solutions, such as are increasingly being used, for example, in the processing of presensitized offset printing plates, preferably in time appropriate developer solutions for irradiated negative or in particular positive-working radiation-sensitive layers.
  • these aluminum oxide layers often tend to more or less irreversible adsorption of substances from the applied reproduction layers, which can lead, for example, to a coloration of the oxide layers (“fogging”).
  • oxide layers produced in H 3 P0 4 are often more resistant to alkaline media than oxide layers produced in an electrolyte based on H 2 S0 4 solution; they also have some other advantages such as a lighter surface, better water flow or low adsorption of dyes (“fog” in the non-image areas), but they also have significant disadvantages.
  • oxide layer weights of up to about 1.0 g / m 2 and a maximum of up to about 1.5 g / m 2 can be produced, a layer thickness that is naturally less Protection against mechanical abrasion is provided by a thicker oxide layer made in an H 2 S0 4 electrolyte.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose the use of a method for the anodic oxidation of materials for the production of carrier materials for printing plates, as a result of which work can be carried out relatively quickly in a modern belt system and without great outlay in terms of apparatus and process technology, and carrier materials are produced which are high Have oxide weights that are characterized by an increased resistance to alkaline media and by very good mechanical stability.
  • the invention is based on the use of a process for the anodic oxidation of plate, foil or tape-shaped materials for the production of carrier materials for printing plates from mechanically, chemically and / or electrochemically roughened aluminum or one of its alloys in an aqueous electrolyte containing H 3 P0 4 and AI 3 + - ions.
  • the invention consists in that in an aqueous, sulfate-free electrolyte containing 25 to 500 g / l of H 3 PO 4 and at least 5 g / l of Al 3+ ions for a period of 5 to 500 s at a Current density of 1 to 30 A / dm 2 and a temperature of 35 to 95 ° C anodized.
  • these values are: 50 to 150 g / i of H 3 PO 4 , 10 to 20 g / l of Al 3 + ions, 10 to 300 s, 2 to 20 A / dm 2 and 40 to 75 ° C.
  • the concentration of the aqueous electrolyte is adjusted so that 5 to 15 parts by weight of H 3 PO 4 come to 1 part by weight of Al 3 + ions.
  • the aqueous electrolyte preferably contains a salt of aluminum with a phosphorus oxo anion, in particular an aluminum salt of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), as the Al 3+ ion source.
  • the upper limit of the concentration of Al 3 + ions is determined by the respective saturation of the aqueous electrolyte with aluminum salt.
  • the concentration ranges of the electrolyte components are checked at regular intervals, since they are of crucial importance for an optimal process, and the electrolyte is then regenerated discontinuously or continuously.
  • the use of the method itself can be carried out batchwise or in particular continuously. Good electrolyte circulation is preferred in the practice of the invention. This can be generated by stirring or pumping around the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte In the case of continuous operation, care must be taken that the electrolyte is as parallel as possible to the strip to be treated under turbulent flow at high speed while ensuring good material and heat levels congestion is led.
  • the flow rate of the electrolyte relative to the strip is then expediently more than 0.3 m / sec.
  • Direct current is used in particular as the type of current, however alternating current or a combination of these types of current (e.g. direct current with superimposed alternating current) can also be used.
  • the voltages are generally between 20 and 100 V.
  • the oxide layer weight to be achieved according to the invention increases with increasing aluminum salt concentration and with increasing voltage. While at concentrations of less than 5 g / I of Al 3+ ions, at voltages of up to 30 V and exposure times of up to 150 oxide layer weights of up to about 0.8 g / m 2 can be achieved, higher AI 3 + - ion concentrations surprisingly build up oxide layer weights of even over 3 g / m 2 , this can also be achieved if temperatures above 40 ° C are used.
  • the highest oxide layer growth when using the aforementioned phosphoroxo anions is generally achieved with AIP0 4 ;
  • the oxide layer weights and thicknesses to be achieved can then surprisingly be in the range of an oxide produced in an electrolyte containing H 2 SO 4 .
  • the oxide layer's weight also increases the resistance of the oxide layer to mechanical abrasion.
  • the correction contrast due to corrections, the appearance of light areas on a tinted background
  • the “fog formation are largely independent of the Al 3+ ion concentration.
  • the mechanical abrasion values generally become more favorable.
  • the oxide layers obtained in this way combine all the advantages known per se from supports anodized in phosphoric acid, such as, for. B. a bright color, a very good alkali resistance and low tendency to fog with the advantage of a support anodized in sulfuric acid, which consists in its high oxide layer weight and the associated favorable values of mechanical abrasion.
  • Suitable base materials for the material to be oxidized according to the invention include those made of aluminum or one of its alloys, which have, for example, a content of more than 98.5% by weight of Al and proportions of Si, Fe, Ti, Cu and Zn.
  • These aluminum carrier materials are still, optionally after a preliminary cleaning, mechanically (e.g. by brushing and / or with abrasive treatments) and electrochemically (e.g. by AC treatment in aqueous HCI, HN0 3 or in salt solutions) or only electrochemically roughened. All process steps can be carried out batchwise, but they are preferably carried out continuously.
  • the process parameters are in the following ranges: the temperature of the electrolyte between 20 and 60 ° C., the active substance (acid, salt) concentration between 2 and 100 g / 1 (in the case of salts also higher), the current density between 15 and 250 A / dm 2 , the residence time between 3 and 100 and the electrolyte flow rate on the surface of the workpiece to be treated between 5 and 100 cm / s; AC is usually used as the type of current, but modified types of current such as AC with different amplitudes of the current strength are also possible for the anode and cathode currents.
  • the average roughness depth R z of the roughened surface is in the range from about 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the roughness depth is determined in accordance with DIN 4768 in the version from October 1970, the roughness depth R z is then the arithmetic mean of the individual roughness depths of five contiguous single measurement sections.
  • Pre-cleaning includes, for example, treatment with aqueous NaOH solution with or without degreasing agent and / or complexing agents, trichlorethylene, acetone, methanol or other commercially available aluminum stains.
  • the roughening or, in the case of several roughening stages, also between the individual stages, an abrasive treatment can additionally be carried out, in particular a maximum of 2 g / m 2 being removed (up to 5 g / m 2 between the stages);
  • aqueous solutions of alkali metal hydroxide or aqueous solutions of alkaline salts or aqueous acid solutions based on HN0 3 , H 2 SO 4 or H 3 PO 4 are used as abrasive solutions.
  • non-electrochemical treatments are also known which only have a rinsing and / or cleaning effect and, for example, for removing deposits ( «Schmant») formed during roughening or simply for removing electrolyte residues serve ;
  • dilute aqueous alkali hydroxide solutions or water are used for these purposes.
  • the stage of anodic oxidation of the aluminum support material can also be followed by one or more post-treatment stages, although this is often not necessary, particularly in the present process.
  • These post-treatment stages serve in particular to additionally increase the hydrophilicity of the aluminum oxide layer, which is often sufficient, while at least the other known properties of this layer are retained.
  • the materials produced according to the invention are preferably used as supports for offset printing plates, ie it is used either by the manufacturer of presensitized printing plates or directly by Consumers applied a radiation-sensitive coating to the carrier material on one or both sides.
  • all layers are suitable as radiation (light) sensitive layers which, after irradiation (exposure), optionally with subsequent development and / or fixation, provide an image-like area from which printing can take place.
  • photoconductive layers such as z. B. in DE-C 11 17 391, 15 22 497, 15 72 312, 23 22 046 and 23 22 047 are described, applied to the carrier materials produced according to the invention, whereby highly light-sensitive, electrophotographic printing plates are formed.
  • coated offset printing plates obtained from the carrier materials produced by the process according to the invention are converted into the desired printing form in a known manner by imagewise exposure or irradiation and washing out of the non-image areas with a developer, for example an aqueous alkaline developer solution.
  • a developer for example an aqueous alkaline developer solution.
  • a friction wheel is guided over the surface of an uncoated plate piece and the mass loss of the surface per unit area is determined (based on a standard treatment time).
  • a bright rolled aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm is degreased with an aqueous alkaline pickling solution at a temperature of 50 to 70 ° C.
  • the electrochemical roughening of the aluminum surface takes place with alternating current in an HCI-containing electrolyte.
  • the subsequent anodic oxidation is carried out in an aqueous electrolyte containing 150 g / l of H 3 PO 4 .
  • Table 1 contains the process parameters and the results of the measurements of the surface properties.
  • the anodic oxidation is carried out with direct current at a voltage of approximately 35 to 45 V.
  • the parameters of the surface properties, in particular the weight per unit area, are of a magnitude that the electrolyte has without the addition of Al 3+ - correspond to ions.
  • the printing plate produced in this way can be developed quickly and free of fog.
  • the print run with a printing form produced in this way is 150,000.
  • a carrier material produced in accordance with Comparative Example V9 and coated with the same formulation can only be developed under difficult conditions.
  • a yellow haze may remain in the non-image areas after development, possibly caused by adhering particles of the diazonium compound. If a carrier material according to comparative example V3 is used, then after printing about 90,000 prints, a clear gloss is found in the non-image areas, which increases with increasing circulation. After 100,000 prints, the print quality has dropped to a level that is no longer accepted in practice.
  • the printing form obtained is perfect in terms of copying and printing technology and has a very good contrast after exposure, the print run is 150,000.
  • a corresponding plate made from the carrier material of comparative example V10 shows a blue haze in the non-image areas. With prolonged exposure to the developer, there is a clear light-dark shading in the non-image areas, which indicates an attack by the developer solution of the oxide.
  • the print run of the plate in a printing press is 170,000.
  • the copying layer adheres significantly less.
  • An aluminum sheet prepared according to the information in Example 2 is, in a further treatment step (additional hydrophilization), in a 0.2% aqueous solution of polyvinylphos phonic acid immersed at 50 ° C for 20 sec. After drying, the support material additionally hydrophilized in this way is further processed as described in Example 10, it being possible to further improve the ink-repelling effect of the non-image areas.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Utilisation d'un procédé pour l'oxydation anodique de matériaux en forme de plaque, feuille ou bande, pour la fabrication de matériaux de support pour plaques d'impression, en aluminium ou en un de ses alliages, grainé mécaniquement, chimiquement et/ou électrochimiquement, dans laquelle on effectue l'oxydation anodique dans un électrolyte aqueux, exempt d'ions sulfate, ayant une teneur de 25 à 500 g/l en H3PO4 et d'au moins 5 g/I en ions A13+, pendant une durée de 5 à 500 s, avec une densité de courant de 1 à 30 A/dm2 et à une température de 35 à 95 °C.
2. Utilisation d'un procédé pour la fabrication de matériaux de support pour plaques d'impression selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle on effectue l'oxydation anodique dans un électrolyte aqueux ayant une teneur de 50 à 150 g/I en H3P04 et de 10 à 20 g/I en ions A13+, pendant une durée de 10 à 300 s, avec une densité de courant de 2 à 20 A/dm2 et à une température de 40 à 75 °C.
3. Utilisation d'un procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle de 5 à 15 parties en poids de H3P04 sont présentes dans l'électrolyte aqueux, pour 1 partie en poids d'ions Al3+.
4. Utilisation d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel on effectue l'oxydation anodique dans un électrolyte aqueux qui contient, en tant que source d'ions A13+, un sel de l'aluminium avec un anion phosphoroxo.
5. Utilisation d'un procédé selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle on effectue l'oxydation anodique dans un électrolyte aqueux qui contient AIPO4.
EP85104072A 1984-04-13 1985-04-03 Procédé d'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son application comme matériau de support pour plaques d'impression offset Expired EP0161461B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843413899 DE3413899A1 (de) 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Verfahren zur anodischen oxidation von aluminium und dessen verwendung als traegermaterial fuer offsetdruckplatten
DE3413899 1984-04-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0161461A2 EP0161461A2 (fr) 1985-11-21
EP0161461A3 EP0161461A3 (en) 1986-07-30
EP0161461B1 true EP0161461B1 (fr) 1989-12-13

Family

ID=6233442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104072A Expired EP0161461B1 (fr) 1984-04-13 1985-04-03 Procédé d'oxydation anodique d'aluminium et son application comme matériau de support pour plaques d'impression offset

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4608131A (fr)
EP (1) EP0161461B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60236795A (fr)
CN (1) CN85102958A (fr)
CA (1) CA1236421A (fr)
DE (2) DE3413899A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8606539A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA852736B (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6282089A (ja) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-15 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 平版印刷版用支持体の製造方法
US4647346A (en) * 1985-10-10 1987-03-03 Eastman Kodak Company Anodized aluminum support, method for the preparation thereof and lithographic printing plate containing same
JPS63145796A (ja) * 1986-12-09 1988-06-17 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd アルミニウム材料の塗装前処理方法
GB8703376D0 (en) * 1987-02-13 1987-03-18 Vickers Plc Printing plate precursors
JP3296543B2 (ja) * 1996-10-30 2002-07-02 スズキ株式会社 めっき被覆アルミニウム合金、及びそのシリンダーブロック、めっき処理ライン、めっき方法
US5906909A (en) * 1997-01-06 1999-05-25 Presstek, Inc. Wet lithographic printing constructions incorporating metallic inorganic layers
CN102485966A (zh) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-06 深圳市鹏桑普太阳能股份有限公司 吸光涂层生产中基材铝阳极氧化膜制备工艺
IT1406517B1 (it) * 2011-02-11 2014-02-28 Edk S R L Procedimento elettrochimico per la decorazione di superficie in alluminio

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3511661A (en) * 1966-07-01 1970-05-12 Eastman Kodak Co Lithographic printing plate
GB1244723A (en) * 1967-11-15 1971-09-02 Howson Algraphy Ltd Improvements in or relating to presensitised lithographic printing plates
US3672972A (en) * 1970-03-23 1972-06-27 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Method for forming anodic oxide coatings having improved adhesive properties
US4105511A (en) * 1973-07-04 1978-08-08 Kansai Paint Company, Limited Process for treating the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy
JPS5414579B2 (fr) * 1973-09-12 1979-06-08
JPS50113303A (fr) * 1974-02-22 1975-09-05
US3943039A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-03-09 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Anodizing pretreatment for nickel plating
JPS5230503A (en) * 1975-09-01 1977-03-08 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Method of making aluminium plate material for lithographic printing
US4110147A (en) * 1976-03-24 1978-08-29 Macdermid Incorporated Process of preparing thermoset resin substrates to improve adherence of electrolessly plated metal deposits
DE2811396A1 (de) * 1978-03-16 1979-09-27 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur anodischen oxidation von aluminium und dessen verwendung als druckplatten-traegermaterial
DE2836803A1 (de) * 1978-08-23 1980-03-06 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur anodischen oxidation von aluminium und dessen verwendung als druckplatten-traegermaterial
US4409504A (en) * 1979-06-04 1983-10-11 Oil Dynamics, Inc. Tandem connected submersible oil well pump motors
US4277555A (en) * 1979-10-12 1981-07-07 Howard A. Fromson Aluminum lithographic plate with visible image and process
DE3168161D1 (en) * 1980-09-26 1985-02-21 Hoechst Co American Process for the anodic oxidation of aluminium and its use as a bearer of printing plates
GB2088901B (en) * 1980-10-23 1983-12-07 Vickers Ltd Anodised aluminium sheet for lithographic printing plate production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8606539A1 (es) 1986-04-16
DE3574743D1 (de) 1990-01-18
CN85102958A (zh) 1986-12-10
DE3413899A1 (de) 1985-10-17
ZA852736B (en) 1985-11-27
CA1236421A (fr) 1988-05-10
JPH0534158B2 (fr) 1993-05-21
JPS60236795A (ja) 1985-11-25
EP0161461A3 (en) 1986-07-30
ES542162A0 (es) 1986-04-16
US4608131A (en) 1986-08-26
EP0161461A2 (fr) 1985-11-21

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