EP0160802B1 - Method and device for radially compressing cylindrical bodies of compressible material - Google Patents

Method and device for radially compressing cylindrical bodies of compressible material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160802B1
EP0160802B1 EP85102502A EP85102502A EP0160802B1 EP 0160802 B1 EP0160802 B1 EP 0160802B1 EP 85102502 A EP85102502 A EP 85102502A EP 85102502 A EP85102502 A EP 85102502A EP 0160802 B1 EP0160802 B1 EP 0160802B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
compressed
space
diameter
rotation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP85102502A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0160802A1 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Blauhut
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Patheon Austria GmbH and Co KG
Lentia GmbH
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Chemie Linz AG
Lentia GmbH
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Priority to AT85102502T priority Critical patent/ATE29451T1/en
Publication of EP0160802A1 publication Critical patent/EP0160802A1/en
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Publication of EP0160802B1 publication Critical patent/EP0160802B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B63/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B63/02—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles
    • B65B63/026—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles for compressing by feeding articles through a narrowing space

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the radial compression of cylindrical bodies made of compressible material, in particular rolls made of wound flat structures, especially those which expand again after the pressure has been removed and thus revert to the original state, and a device for carrying out this method .
  • Cylindrical bodies such as those obtained by rolling up web material from loose, air-containing materials such as fluffy textiles, fleeces, crepe, foam webs and the like, are voluminous and require a large storage and transport volume, which places a considerable burden on storage and transport costs.
  • this object has surprisingly been achieved by leading the cylindrical bodies in question through a tapering, rotationally symmetrical, approximately funnel-shaped space in a helical retative movement, the narrowest cross-section of which corresponds to the extent of the desired radial compression of the cylindrical body, and the inner surface of which consists of rotating elements, which enables the body to be compressed to be rolled off almost without sliding.
  • the helical, approximately friction-free relative movement according to the invention is obtained according to the invention in that the casing of the tapering space serving for compression consists of several regularly and rotatably arranged cylindrical bodies which are at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the body to be compressed such that they are the ones to be compressed Push body forward.
  • the roll-shaped material is increasingly compressed by means of the cross-section of the space tapering along the longitudinal axis.
  • the present invention accordingly relates to a method for the radial compression of cylindrical bodies made of compressible material, in particular of rolls made of wound flat structures, which is characterized in that the body to be compressed is axially defined by a rotationally symmetrical space tapering in the direction of transport, the diameter of which on the the narrowest point is smaller than that of the body to be compressed, and the jacket of which is formed by several regularly arranged, co-rotating cylindrical bodies, crossing the axis of rotation of the space in the second half seen in the direction of transport at an angle of 5 to 45 °, but not cutting is moved, the body to be compressed exerts a helical relative movement with respect to these bodies forming the shell of the room, and is compressed depending on the ratio of its diameter to the diameter of the narrowest point, and this compression by wrapping h a strip or strand material is fixed in the narrowest part of the room.
  • the rotationally symmetrical bodies of the casing itself are driven and are in rotation. If the body to be compacted, which does not need to be supported at all, but can also be freely rotatably supported, is introduced into the rotationally symmetrical space, as soon as its circumference touches the rotating rollers, it is grasped by them and thereby in an opposite direction Rotation offset. Since the rollers are not only at an acute angle to the rotational symmetry axis of the body, but also cross them, it is simultaneously pushed forward and increasingly compressed.
  • the rotating roller-shaped bodies in addition to their own rotation, must also be set into a common, synchronized rotational movement about the rotational symmetry axis of the space serving for compression, which is also the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the size of the angle at which the roller-shaped bodies are positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the space serving for compression is decisive for the height of the aisle helical raltiv movement, so that this angle allows to adapt the conditions during the compression of the nature of the body to be compressed, in particular the type and nature of its surface or the back pressure that the body exerts during the compression.
  • the material to be compressed is one that has a very strong and rapid ability to recover, it is also advisable to ensure that the spaces between the roller-shaped bodies that form the surface of the space are kept as small as possible. Otherwise there is a risk that the material to be compressed swells up between the roller-shaped bodies.
  • the cylindrical bodies are preferably in the form of a cylinder. If, in addition to the compression according to the invention in the radial direction, a certain axial compression is also desired, this can be achieved in that the cylindrical bodies taper in the direction of movement. e.g. B. that of a single-shell rotational hyperboloids with low curvature, which merges into a cylinder at the narrowest point, or a truncated cone is given.
  • the narrowest point of the space is in the second half as viewed in the direction of transport, preferably even in the last third of the space.
  • the prerequisite for this is that the compression of the end space has a larger diameter on the input side than on the output side.
  • Another object of the present invention is a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is characterized by at least 5 rollers arranged at a rotational symmetry at an intersection angle alpha of 5 ° to 45 ° to their common axis of rotational symmetry with the same diameter, the surface lines of which form a single-shell rotational hyperboloid Ends on two ring-shaped frames, of which the frame on the output side has the smaller diameter, are fastened in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement, and by a roller for tape or packaging material arranged outside the space enclosed by the rollers in the region of its narrowest cross section, which is provided by a braking device is fed between two rollers to the cylindrical body located within the space formed by the rollers and by means of a removal and transport device for the adjoining the frame on the output side n compacted body.
  • the ring-shaped frames, to which the rollers which delimit the space serving for compression are fastened are rigid; H. So arranged immovable, so that the rollers are fixed in their position and can only perform a rotary movement about its own axis.
  • the body to be compressed must be freely rotatable in the device according to the invention so that it can exert a helical relative movement. This can be done by appropriate storage, which allows a rotational movement.
  • the body to be compressed is preferred by a suitable device such.
  • the device according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that not only the rollers which delimit the compacting space can be rotated but also those two annular frames to which these rollers are attached. Either the rollers alone or the annular frames rigidly connected to one another or both can be driven. If the frames are driven, their drive must cause a direction of rotation in the same direction as that of the rollers.
  • means are provided which fix the body to be compressed against rotation, but allow axial movement, which z. B. can be done by attached to the inlet and outlet in the radial direction pressed rollers.
  • the rollers which form the rotationally symmetrical body of the device according to the invention are preferably cylindrical in shape, but can also have the shape of a truncated cone or a rotational hyperboloid. In all cases, the length is a multiple of its diameter. If these rollers have the shape of a truncated cone, it is advisable not to choose too large the difference between the diameter of the base and that of the top surface, although in all cases it must be ensured that the enclosed space has the tapered shape required according to the invention .
  • the ratio should preferably not be greater than 2. In this case, the base is always attached to the frame on the input side.
  • the device according to the invention Since the desired degree of compaction varies depending on the nature of the material to be compacted and depending on the intended use, it is expedient to equip the device according to the invention in such a way that the angle alpha varies and the degree of compaction can thus be changed or adapted. This can be accomplished very simply in that one of the two ring-shaped frames is rotatable relative to the other to a certain extent about the longitudinal axis of the device and is fixed in the desired position.
  • the packaging material must be fed in at the narrowest point of the device according to the invention via a gap between two of the rollers.
  • the rollers can end immediately after the narrowest point of the rotationally hyperbolic space. They are then attached to the outlet-side annular frame by means of rods which represent a continuation of the longitudinal axis of the rollers.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 Examples of possible embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 mean the axis of rotational symmetry of the space serving for compression, which is enclosed by the rollers 2.
  • 3 is the body to be compressed, 4 the ring-shaped frame on the input side of the device, 5 that on the output side. 6 represents the drive of the rollers 2, 7 is the roll of packaging material 9, which is fed to the body 3 via deflection rolls 8 and via the braking device 10.
  • 11 is the transport device for removing the body 3, which is equipped with rollers 12 for absorbing the rotary movement, and 13 denotes the shaft stubs on the output side, which can be extended according to a variant of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention at the point marked A-A in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of the same device at the narrowest point of the tapered space. Its position is designated B-B in FIG.
  • the body 3 is drawn as if it were transparent.
  • the annular frames 4 and 5 are rigidly arranged, i. H. that the body 3 must be freely rotatable. In this embodiment, it is not itself stored, but is instead replaced by an independent device suitable for this purpose, which is not shown in FIG. B. by a mandrel that is mobile, in which he z. B.
  • Figure 3 shows a section in plane C-C in Figure 1.
  • the ring-shaped frames 4 and 5 are not shown adjustable in FIG. 1, so that in this embodiment a change in the angle alpha would not be possible. This embodiment was selected for the figure 1 for reasons of clarity.
  • the devices which are necessary to make one of the frames 4 or 5 so that they can be varied within the range according to the invention by setting any angle alpha within the range according to the invention are familiar to any person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate an embodiment in which the body 3 can not perform a rotational movement, so that it is necessary to achieve the effect according to the invention that the annular frames 4 and 5 are rotatably mounted on two pairs of rollers 14. They must also be rigidly connected in order to be able to carry out a synchronous rotary movement in the same direction as the rotary movement of the individual rollers 2.
  • 15 is the drive of the frames 4 and 5, 16 are the means for preventing the rotational movement of the body 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a section at the point designated D-D in FIG. 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Radial compression of a cylindrical body made of compressible material, is achieved by axially leading the body through a rotationally symmetrical space, which tapers in the transport direction and whose smallest diameter is smaller than that of the body to be compressed, the envelope of the rotationally symmetrical body being generated by roller shaped bodies which rotate in the same direction and cross the axis of rotation of the space at an angle of between 5 DEG and 45 DEG but do not intersect it. During such passage, the body performs a helical movement relative to the envelope of the rotationally symmetrical space and is compressed, the compression being made permanent by wrapping at the narrowest point of the space.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur radialen Verdichtung von zylindrischen Körpern aus komprimierbarem Material, insbesondere von Rollen aus aufgewickelten Flächengebilden, vor allem solchen, die sich nach Entfernen des Druckes wieder expandieren und damit in den ursprünglichen Zustand übergehen, und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a method for the radial compression of cylindrical bodies made of compressible material, in particular rolls made of wound flat structures, especially those which expand again after the pressure has been removed and thus revert to the original state, and a device for carrying out this method .

Zylindrische Körper, wie sie durch Aufrollen von Bahnmaterial aus lockeren, Luft enthaltenden Materialien wie flauschige Textilien, Vliese, Krepp, Schaumstoffbahnen und dergleichen erhalten werden, sind voluminös und beanspruchen ein großes Lager- und Transportvolumen, was die Lager- und Transportkosten erheblich belastet.Cylindrical bodies, such as those obtained by rolling up web material from loose, air-containing materials such as fluffy textiles, fleeces, crepe, foam webs and the like, are voluminous and require a large storage and transport volume, which places a considerable burden on storage and transport costs.

Obwohl derartige zylindrische Körper in Radialrichtung durchaus verdichtbar wären, und damit an Lager- und Transportvolumen gespart werden könnte, steht bis heute kein in der Praxis anwendbares Verfahren zur Lösung dieses Problems zur Verfügung. So ist z. B. ein Aufwickeln solcher Bahnen unter einer starken Zugspannung, die zu einer Reduktion des Volumens führen sollte, nicht möglich, da den Produkten entweder die dazu nötige Reißfestigkeit fehlt, oder diese, vor allem wenn es sich um gewirkte oder nicht gewebte bauschige textile Flächengebilde handelt, durch den Zug gedehnt und in der Struktur verändert werden würden.Although cylindrical bodies of this type would certainly be compressible in the radial direction and could thus be saved in storage and transport volume, there is still no method which can be used in practice to solve this problem. So z. B. a winding of such webs under a strong tensile stress, which should lead to a reduction in volume, is not possible because the products either lack the necessary tensile strength, or this, especially if it is knitted or non-woven bulky textile fabrics , would be stretched by the train and changed in structure.

Versuche, eine radiale Verdichtung zu erreichen, indem man den zylindrischen Körper eine kreisrunde Öffnung geringeren Durchmessers passieren läßt, als ihn der Querschnitt des zylinderförmigen Körpers aufweist, scheitern an der starken Oberflächenreibung, die nicht nur einen erheblichen Kraftaufwand mit sich bringt, sondern durch die Oberflächenreibung auch zu einer Beschädigung der Oberfläche führt.Attempts to achieve radial compression by letting the cylindrical body pass through a circular opening of smaller diameter than the cross-section of the cylindrical body fail due to the strong surface friction, which not only requires considerable force, but also due to the surface friction also leads to damage to the surface.

Gemäß vorliegender Erfindung ist die Lösung dieser Aufgabe überraschenderweise dadurch gelungen, daß man die in Frage stehenden zylindrischen Körper in einer schraubenförmigen Retativbewegung durch einen sich verjüngenden, rotationssymmentrischen, annähernd trichterförmigen Raum führt, dessen engster Querschnitt dem Ausmaß der erwünschten radialen Verdichtung des zylindrischen Körpers entspricht, und dessen innere Oberfläche aus rotierenden Elementen besteht, die ein annähernd gleitungsfreies Abrollen des zu verdichtenden Körpers ermöglicht. Dadurch fallen die Reibungsprobleme praktisch völlig weg und es können je nach Material Verdichtungsgrade um 30 Vol.% und mehr erreicht werden.According to the present invention, this object has surprisingly been achieved by leading the cylindrical bodies in question through a tapering, rotationally symmetrical, approximately funnel-shaped space in a helical retative movement, the narrowest cross-section of which corresponds to the extent of the desired radial compression of the cylindrical body, and the inner surface of which consists of rotating elements, which enables the body to be compressed to be rolled off almost without sliding. This practically eliminates the friction problems and, depending on the material, degrees of compression of 30 vol.% And more can be achieved.

Die erfindungsgemäße schraubenförmige, annähernd reibungsfreie Relativbewegung wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erhalten, daß der Mantel des der Kompression dienenden sich verjüngenden Raumes aus mehreren regelmäßig und drehbar angeordneten walzenförmigen Körpern besteht, die zur Längsachse des zu verdichtenden Körpers in einem solchen Winkel stehen, daß sie den zu verdichtenden Körper rollend vorwärts schieben. Dadurch wird das rollenförmige Material mittels des sich entlang der Längsachse verjüngenden Querschnittes des Raumes in zunehmendem Maße komprimiert. Hat der Körper die engste Stelle des Raumes erreicht, wird die Kompression durch feste Umhüllung mit Verpackungsmaterial fixiert.The helical, approximately friction-free relative movement according to the invention is obtained according to the invention in that the casing of the tapering space serving for compression consists of several regularly and rotatably arranged cylindrical bodies which are at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the body to be compressed such that they are the ones to be compressed Push body forward. As a result, the roll-shaped material is increasingly compressed by means of the cross-section of the space tapering along the longitudinal axis. Once the body has reached the narrowest part of the room, the compression is fixed by wrapping it with packaging material.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist demnach ein Verfahren zur radialen Verdichtung von zylindrischen Körpern aus komprimierbaren Material, insbesondere von Rollen aus aufgewickelten Flächengebilden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der zu verdichtende Körper axial durch einen rotationssymmetrischen, sich in Transportrichtung verjüngenden Raum, dessen Durchmesser an der engsten Stelle kleiner ist als jener des zu verdichtenden Körpers, und dessen Mantel von mehreren regelmäßig angeordneten, gleichsinnig rotierenden walzenförmigen Körpern gebildet wird, die Rotationsachse des Raumes in der in Transportrichtung gesehen zweiten Hälfte in einem Winkel von 5 bis 45° kreuzen, jedoch nicht schneiden bewegt wird, der zu verdichtende Körper dabei gegenüber diesen den Mantel des Raumes bildenden Körpern eine schraubenförmige Relativbewegung ausübt, und abhängig vom Verhältnis seines Durchmessers zum Durchmesser der engsten Stelle verdichtet wird und diese Verdichtung durch Umwickeln durch ein Band- oder Strangmaterial an der engsten Stelle des Raumes fixiert wird.The present invention accordingly relates to a method for the radial compression of cylindrical bodies made of compressible material, in particular of rolls made of wound flat structures, which is characterized in that the body to be compressed is axially defined by a rotationally symmetrical space tapering in the direction of transport, the diameter of which on the the narrowest point is smaller than that of the body to be compressed, and the jacket of which is formed by several regularly arranged, co-rotating cylindrical bodies, crossing the axis of rotation of the space in the second half seen in the direction of transport at an angle of 5 to 45 °, but not cutting is moved, the body to be compressed exerts a helical relative movement with respect to these bodies forming the shell of the room, and is compressed depending on the ratio of its diameter to the diameter of the narrowest point, and this compression by wrapping h a strip or strand material is fixed in the narrowest part of the room.

Wie die schraubenförmige Relativbewegung des zu verdichtenden Körpers gegenüber dem Mantel des der Verdichtung dienenden, sich verjüngenden rotationssymmetrischen Raumes, der die Form eines einschaligen Rotationshyperboloids besitzt, erzeugt wird, ist für das Gelingen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens nicht wesentlich. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, den zu verdichtenden Körper durch einen geeigneten Antrieb in Drehbewegung zu versetzen und gleichzeitig in richtung der engsten Stelle des Raumes axial vorwärts zu bewegen, während die walzenförmigen Körper, die den Mantel des Raumes bilden, drehbar gelagert, aber nicht angetrieben sind, durch die Abwälzbewegung des Körpers aber in eine gegenläufige Drehbewegung versetzt werden.How the helical relative movement of the body to be compressed with respect to the jacket of the tapering, rotationally symmetrical space serving for compression, which is in the form of a single-shell rotational hyperboloid, is not essential for the success of the method according to the invention. For example, it is possible to set the body to be compressed in a rotary motion by means of a suitable drive and at the same time to move axially forward in the direction of the narrowest point of the room, while the roller-shaped bodies which form the jacket of the room are rotatably supported but not driven are, but caused by the rolling motion of the body in an opposite rotational movement.

Bevorzugt ist jedoch, daß die rotationssymmetrischen Körper des Mantels selbst angetrieben sind und sich in Drehung befinden. Wird dann der zu verdichtende Körper, der gar nicht gelagert zu sein braucht, aber auch frei drehbar gelagert sein kann, in den rotationssymmetrischen Raum eingeführt, so wird er, sobald sein Umfang die sich drehenden Walzen berührt, von diesen erfaßt und dabei in eine gegenläufige Rotation versetzt. Da die Walzen nicht nur in einem spitzen Winkel zur Rotationssymmetrieachse des Körpers stehen, sondern diese auch kreuzen, wird er gleichzeitig vorwärts geschoben und dabei in zunehmenden Maße komprimiert.However, it is preferred that the rotationally symmetrical bodies of the casing itself are driven and are in rotation. If the body to be compacted, which does not need to be supported at all, but can also be freely rotatably supported, is introduced into the rotationally symmetrical space, as soon as its circumference touches the rotating rollers, it is grasped by them and thereby in an opposite direction Rotation offset. Since the rollers are not only at an acute angle to the rotational symmetry axis of the body, but also cross them, it is simultaneously pushed forward and increasingly compressed.

ist es jedoch aus Produktionsgründen unerwünscht, daß sich der zu verdichtende Körper während seiner Kompression dreht, so ist es erfindungsgemäß ebensogut möglich, diesen Körper fix zu lagern, sodaß er keine Drehbewegung, aber eine Längsbewegung, ausüben kann.However, if it is undesirable for production reasons that the body to be compressed rotates during its compression, it is equally possible according to the invention to mount this body in a fixed position so that it cannot perform a rotational movement but a longitudinal movement.

In diesem Fall müssen die sich drehenden walzenförmigen Körper außer ihrer Eigendrehung noch in eine gemeinsame, gleichläufige Rotationsbewegung um die Rotationssymmetrieachse des der Verdichtung dienenden Raumes, die gleichzeitig die Längsachse des Körpers ist, versetzt werden.In this case, in addition to their own rotation, the rotating roller-shaped bodies must also be set into a common, synchronized rotational movement about the rotational symmetry axis of the space serving for compression, which is also the longitudinal axis of the body.

Während der Durchmesser des der Verdichtung dienenden Raumes im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser des zylindrischen Körpers vor der Verdichtung das Maß der Verdichtung bestimmt, ist die Größe des Winkels, in dem die walzenförmigen Körper zur Längsachse des der Kompression dienenden Raumes stehen maßgebend für die Höhe des Ganges der schraubenförmigen Raltivbewegung, sodaß dieser Winkel gestattet, die Bedingungen während der Verdichtung der Natur des zu verdichtenden Körpes, insbesondere der Art und Beschaffenheit von dessen Oberfläche bzw. dem Gegendruck, den der Körper bei der Verdichtung ausübt, anzupassen.While the diameter of the space used for compression in relation to the diameter of the cylindrical body determines the degree of compression before compression, the size of the angle at which the roller-shaped bodies are positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the space serving for compression is decisive for the height of the aisle helical raltiv movement, so that this angle allows to adapt the conditions during the compression of the nature of the body to be compressed, in particular the type and nature of its surface or the back pressure that the body exerts during the compression.

Besonders bewährt hat sich dabei ein Winkel im Bereich von 10 bis 35°.An angle in the range from 10 to 35 ° has proven particularly useful.

Handelt es sich bei dem zu komprimierenden Material um ein solches, das ein sehr starkes und rasches Wiedererholvermögen besitzt, ist es außerdem zweckmäßig, darauf zu achten, daß die Zwischenräume zwischen den walzenförmigen Körpern, die den Mantel des Raumes bilden, möglichst klein gehalten sind. Andernfalls läuft man Gefahr, daß das zu verdichtende Material zwischen den walzenförmigen Körpern hochquillt.If the material to be compressed is one that has a very strong and rapid ability to recover, it is also advisable to ensure that the spaces between the roller-shaped bodies that form the surface of the space are kept as small as possible. Otherwise there is a risk that the material to be compressed swells up between the roller-shaped bodies.

Die walzenförmigen Körper besitzen vorzugseise die Form eines Zylinders. Ist neben der erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtung in radialer Richtung zusätzlich noch eine gewisse axiale Verdichtung erwünscht, kann dies dadurch erzielt werden, daß den walzenförmigen Körpern eine sich in Bewegungsrichtung verjüngende Form. z. B. die eines einschaligen Rotationshyperboloids mit geringer Krümmung, das an der engsten Stelle in einen Zylinder übergeht, oder eines Kegelstumpfes gegeben wird.The cylindrical bodies are preferably in the form of a cylinder. If, in addition to the compression according to the invention in the radial direction, a certain axial compression is also desired, this can be achieved in that the cylindrical bodies taper in the direction of movement. e.g. B. that of a single-shell rotational hyperboloids with low curvature, which merges into a cylinder at the narrowest point, or a truncated cone is given.

Da eine zu rasche Kompression unerwünscht ist, ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß die engste Stelle des Raumes in der in Transportrichtung gesehen zweiten Hälfte, vorzugsweise sogar im letzten Drittel des Raumes liegt. Das hat zur Voraussetzung, daß der der Kompression die ende Raum eingangsseitig einen größeren Durchmesser besitzt als ausgangsseitig. Bei einmal gewähltem Durchmesser des Raumes am Eingang und am Ausgang hängt die Lage der engsten Stelle vom Kreuzungswinkel zwischen der Längsachse der walzenförmigen Körper und der Rotationssymmetrieachse des Raumes ab. Je größer dieser Winkel ist, desto kleiner wird der engste Querschnitt und desto weiter rückt er innerhalb der zweiten Hälfte nach vorn. Durch Umstellung des Winkels zur Rotationssymmetrieachse des Raumes ist es auch möglich, je nach Wunsch den Verdichtungsgrad zu variieren.Since too rapid a compression is undesirable, it is provided according to the invention that the narrowest point of the space is in the second half as viewed in the direction of transport, preferably even in the last third of the space. The prerequisite for this is that the compression of the end space has a larger diameter on the input side than on the output side. Once the diameter of the room at the entrance and at the exit has been selected, the position of the narrowest point depends on the crossing angle between the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical bodies and the rotational symmetry axis of the room. The larger this angle, the smaller the narrowest cross section and the further it moves forward within the second half. By changing the angle to the rotational symmetry axis of the room, it is also possible to vary the degree of compaction as desired.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, die gekennzeichnet ist durch mindestens 5 rotationssymmetrisch unter einem Kreuzungswinkel alpha von 5° bis 45° zu ihrer gemeinsamen Rotationssymmetrieachse angeordnete Walzen untereinander gleichen Durchmessers, deren Mantellinien ein einschaliges Rotationshyperboloid bilden, deren Enden an zwei ringförmigen Rahmen, von denen der ausgangsseitig gelegene Rahmen den geringeren Durchmesser besitzt, in rotationssymmetrischer Anordnung befestigt sind, sowie durch eine außerhalb des durch die Walzen umschlossenen Raumes im Bereich seines engsten Querschnittes angeordnete Rolle für Band- oder Verpackungsmaterial, das über eine Bremseinrichtung zwischen zwei Walzen dem innerhalb des durch die Walzen gebildeten Raumes befindlichen zylindrischen Körper zugeführt wird und durch eine an den ausgangsseitig gelegenen Rahmen anschließende Abnahme- und Transporteinrichtung für den verdichteten Körper.Another object of the present invention is a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is characterized by at least 5 rollers arranged at a rotational symmetry at an intersection angle alpha of 5 ° to 45 ° to their common axis of rotational symmetry with the same diameter, the surface lines of which form a single-shell rotational hyperboloid Ends on two ring-shaped frames, of which the frame on the output side has the smaller diameter, are fastened in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement, and by a roller for tape or packaging material arranged outside the space enclosed by the rollers in the region of its narrowest cross section, which is provided by a braking device is fed between two rollers to the cylindrical body located within the space formed by the rollers and by means of a removal and transport device for the adjoining the frame on the output side n compacted body.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind die ringförmigen Rahmen, an denen die Walzen, die den der Verdichtung dienenden Raum begrenzen, befestigt sind starr, d. h. also unbeweglich angeordnet, sodaß die Walzen in ihrer Lage fixiert sind und nur eine Drehbewegung um ihre eigene Achse ausführen können. In diesem Fall muß der zu verdichtende Körper, damit er eine schraubenförmige Relativbewegung ausüben kann, in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung frei drehbar angeordnet sein. Dies kann durch entsprechende Lagerung geschehen, die eine Drehbewegung gestattet. Bevorzugt wird jedoch der zu verdichtende Körper durch eine geeignete Vorichtung z. B. durch einen Dorn oder ein laufendes Rollenband in den von den Walzen umschlossenen Raum so weit eingeführt, daß er am Umfang von den sich drehenden Walzen erfaßt wird, und bedarf innerhalb der Vorrichtung, in der er in eine zur Drehrichtung der Walzen gegenläufige Drehbewegung versetzt wird und sich dabei schraubenförmig vorwärts bewegt, keiner besonderen Lagerung oder Halterung. Da der zylindrische Körper nach Verlassen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung seine Drehbewegung beibehält, muß dafür gesorgt werden, daß jene Einrichtung, die diesen Körper beim Verlassen des komprimierteiles der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung aufnimmt, eine axiale Bewegung des Körpers gestattet und mit Mitteln zur Kompensation der Drebewegung versehen ist. So kann z. B. für den Abtransport ein muldenförmiger Rollenbock dienen.According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the ring-shaped frames, to which the rollers which delimit the space serving for compression are fastened, are rigid; H. So arranged immovable, so that the rollers are fixed in their position and can only perform a rotary movement about its own axis. In this case, the body to be compressed must be freely rotatable in the device according to the invention so that it can exert a helical relative movement. This can be done by appropriate storage, which allows a rotational movement. However, the body to be compressed is preferred by a suitable device such. B. introduced by a mandrel or a running roller belt into the space enclosed by the rollers so far that it is detected on the circumference by the rotating rollers, and is required within the device in which it is set in a rotational movement in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rollers and moves forward helically, no special storage or mounting. Since the cylindrical body maintains its rotational movement after leaving the device according to the invention, care must be taken to ensure that the device which receives this body when leaving the compression part of the device according to the invention permits axial movement of the body and is provided with means for compensating the rotary movement. So z. B. serve a trough-shaped roller block for removal.

Ist es aus irgendwelchen Gründen der Ausstattung der Anlage unerwünscht, daß der zu verdichtende Körper selbst in Drehbewegung versetzt wird, kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung auch in der Weise gestaltet werden, daß nicht nur die den der Verdichtung dienenden Raum begrenzenden Walzen drehbar sind, sondern auch jene beiden ringförmigen Rahmen, an denen diese Walzen befestigt sind. Dabei können entweder die Walzen allein, oder die untereinander starr verbundenen ringförmigen Rahmen oder beide angetrieben sein. Sind die Rahmen angetrieben, muß deren Antrieb eine Drehrichtung gleichsinnig zu jener der Walzen bewirken. Zusätzlich sind Mittel vorgesehen, die den zu verdichtenden Körper gegen eine Drehbewegung fixieren, jedoch eine axiale Bewegung gestatten, was z. B. durch am Ein- und Auslauf angebrachte in radialer Richtung angedrückte Rollen geschehen kann.If for some reason the equipment of the installation is undesirable for the body to be compacted itself to be rotated, the device according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that not only the rollers which delimit the compacting space can be rotated but also those two annular frames to which these rollers are attached. Either the rollers alone or the annular frames rigidly connected to one another or both can be driven. If the frames are driven, their drive must cause a direction of rotation in the same direction as that of the rollers. In addition, means are provided which fix the body to be compressed against rotation, but allow axial movement, which z. B. can be done by attached to the inlet and outlet in the radial direction pressed rollers.

Die Walzen, die den rotationssymmetrischen Körper der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bilden, sind vorzugsweise zylindrischer Form, können aber auch die Form eines Kegelstumpfes oder eines Rotationshyperboloids haben. In allen Fällen ist die Länge ein Vielfaches von deren Durchmesser. Falls diese Walzen die Form eines Kegelstumpfes besitzen, ist es zweckmäßig, den Unterschied zwischen dem Durchmesser der Basis und jenem der Deckfläche nicht zu groß zu wählen, wobei jedoch in allen Fällen gewährleistet sein muß, daß er umschlossene Raum die erfindungsgemäß geforderte sich verjüngende Form besitzt. Vorzugsweise soll das Verhältnis nich größer als 2 sein. In diesem Fall ist stets die Basis am eingangsseitigen Rahmen befestigt.The rollers which form the rotationally symmetrical body of the device according to the invention are preferably cylindrical in shape, but can also have the shape of a truncated cone or a rotational hyperboloid. In all cases, the length is a multiple of its diameter. If these rollers have the shape of a truncated cone, it is advisable not to choose too large the difference between the diameter of the base and that of the top surface, although in all cases it must be ensured that the enclosed space has the tapered shape required according to the invention . The ratio should preferably not be greater than 2. In this case, the base is always attached to the frame on the input side.

Da der erwünschte Verdichtungsgrad je nach Beschaffenheit des zu verdichtenden Materials und je nach Verwendungszweck variiert, ist es zweckmäßig, die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung so auszustatten, daß der Winkel alpha variiert und damit der Verdichtungsgrad geändert bzw. angepaßt werden kann. Das kann sehr einfach dadurch bewerkstelligt werden, daß einer der beiden ringförmigen Rahmen gegenüber dem anderen in einem gewissen Ausmaß um die Längsachse der Vorrichtung drehbar angeordnet ist und in der jeweils gewünschten Lage fixiert wird.Since the desired degree of compaction varies depending on the nature of the material to be compacted and depending on the intended use, it is expedient to equip the device according to the invention in such a way that the angle alpha varies and the degree of compaction can thus be changed or adapted. This can be accomplished very simply in that one of the two ring-shaped frames is rotatable relative to the other to a certain extent about the longitudinal axis of the device and is fixed in the desired position.

Die Zuführung des Verpackungsmaterials an der engsten Stelle der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung muß über einen Spalt zwischen zwei der Walzen erfolgen. Um dies zu erleichtern, können gemäß einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung die Walzen unmittelbar nach der engsten Stelle des rotationshyperbolischen Raumes enden. Sie werden dann über Stangen, die eine Fortsetzung der Längsachse der Walzen darstellen am ausgangsseitig gelegenen ringförmigen Rahmen befestigt.The packaging material must be fed in at the narrowest point of the device according to the invention via a gap between two of the rollers. In order to facilitate this, according to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, the rollers can end immediately after the narrowest point of the rotationally hyperbolic space. They are then attached to the outlet-side annular frame by means of rods which represent a continuation of the longitudinal axis of the rollers.

Beispiele für Ausführungsmöglichkeiten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind in den Figuren 1 bis 5 niedergelegt. In diesen bedeuten 1 die Rotationssymmetrieachse des der Verdichtung dienenden Raumes, der durch die Walzen 2 umschlossen ist. 3 ist der zu verdichtende Körper, 4 der ringförmige Rahmen auf der Eingangsseite der Vorrichtung, 5 jener an der Ausgangsseite. 6 stellt den Antrieb der Walzen 2 dar, 7 ist die Rolle an Verpackungsmaterial 9, das über Umlenkungsrollen 8 und über die Bremseinrichtung 10 dem Körper 3 zugeführt wird. 11 ist die Transporteinrichtung zur Abnahme des Körpers 3, die mit Rollen 12 zur Aufnahme der Drehbewegung ausgestattet ist, und 13 bezeichnet die ausgangsseitigen Wellenstummel, die gemäß einer Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung verlängert sein können.Examples of possible embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. In these 1 mean the axis of rotational symmetry of the space serving for compression, which is enclosed by the rollers 2. 3 is the body to be compressed, 4 the ring-shaped frame on the input side of the device, 5 that on the output side. 6 represents the drive of the rollers 2, 7 is the roll of packaging material 9, which is fed to the body 3 via deflection rolls 8 and via the braking device 10. 11 is the transport device for removing the body 3, which is equipped with rollers 12 for absorbing the rotary movement, and 13 denotes the shaft stubs on the output side, which can be extended according to a variant of the device according to the invention.

Figur 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch eine erfindugsgemäße Vorrichtung an der in Figur 2 mit A-A gekennzeichnete Stelle. Figur 2 ist ein Querschnitt der gleichen Vorrichtung an der engsten Stelle des sich verjüngenden Raumes. Seine Lage ist in Figur 1 mit B-B bezeichnet. In Figur 1 ist, um die Anschaulichkeit zu erhöhen, der Körper 3 so gezeichnet, als wäre er durchsichtig. Bei der in dieser Figur dargestellten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung sind die ringförmigen Rahmen 4 und 5 starr angeordnet, d. h. daß der Körper 3 frei drehbar sein muß. Er ist bei dieser Ausführungsform selbst nciht gelagert, sondern wird durch eine hiefür geeignete, selbständige Vorrichtung, die in Figur 1, nicht dargestellt ist, z. B. durch einen Dorn, der fahrbar ist, in dem er z. B. auf einen Stapler montiert ist, in jene Öffnung, die vom ringförmigen Rahmen 4 umschlossen ist, so weit eingeführt, daß er an seinem Umfang von den Walzen 2 erfaßt, in Drehung versetzt wird und dabei auch beginnt, sich in axialer Richtung vorwärts zu bewegen und dabei verdichtet zu werden. Figur 3 stellt einen Schnitt in Ebene C-C in Figur 1 dar.FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention at the point marked A-A in FIG. 2. Figure 2 is a cross section of the same device at the narrowest point of the tapered space. Its position is designated B-B in FIG. In FIG. 1, in order to increase clarity, the body 3 is drawn as if it were transparent. In the embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in this figure, the annular frames 4 and 5 are rigidly arranged, i. H. that the body 3 must be freely rotatable. In this embodiment, it is not itself stored, but is instead replaced by an independent device suitable for this purpose, which is not shown in FIG. B. by a mandrel that is mobile, in which he z. B. is mounted on a stacker, into that opening, which is surrounded by the annular frame 4, inserted so far that it is gripped on its circumference by the rollers 2, is set in rotation and also begins to move forward in the axial direction move while being compressed. Figure 3 shows a section in plane C-C in Figure 1.

Die ringförmigen Rahmen 4, bzw. 5 sind in Figur 1 nicht verstellbar gezeichnet, sodaß bei dieser Ausführungsform eine Änderung des Winkels alpha nicht möglich wäre. Diese Ausführungsform wurde für die Figur 1 aus Gründen der Anschaulickeit ausgewählt. Die Einrichtungen die nötig sind, um einen der Rahmen 4 oder 5 soweit derhbar zu machen, daß er unter Einstellung beliebiger Winkel alpha innerhalb des erfindungsgemäßen Bereiches eine Variation des Verdichtungsgrades ermöglicht, sind aber jedem Fachmann geläufig.The ring-shaped frames 4 and 5 are not shown adjustable in FIG. 1, so that in this embodiment a change in the angle alpha would not be possible. This embodiment was selected for the figure 1 for reasons of clarity. The devices which are necessary to make one of the frames 4 or 5 so that they can be varied within the range according to the invention by setting any angle alpha within the range according to the invention are familiar to any person skilled in the art.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 stellen eine Ausführungsform dar in der der Körper 3 keine Drehbewegung ausüben kann, sodaß es zur Erzielung des erfindungsgemäßen Effektes nötig ist, daß die ringförmigen Rahmen 4 und 5 auf zwei Laufrollenpaaren 14 drehbar gelagert sind. Sie müssen überdies starr verbunden sein, um eine untereinander synchrone Drehbewegung gleichsinnig zur Drehbewegung der einzelnen Walzen 2 durchführen zu können. 15 ist der Antrieb der Rahmen 4 und 5, 16 sind die Mittel zur Verhinderung der Drehbewegung des Körpers 3. Figur 5 ist dabei ein Schnitt an der in Fig. 4 mit D-D bezeichneten Stelle.Figures 4 and 5 illustrate an embodiment in which the body 3 can not perform a rotational movement, so that it is necessary to achieve the effect according to the invention that the annular frames 4 and 5 are rotatably mounted on two pairs of rollers 14. They must also be rigidly connected in order to be able to carry out a synchronous rotary movement in the same direction as the rotary movement of the individual rollers 2. 15 is the drive of the frames 4 and 5, 16 are the means for preventing the rotational movement of the body 3. FIG. 5 is a section at the point designated D-D in FIG. 4.

Claims (12)

1. Method for the radial compression of cylindrical bodies (3) composed of compressible material, in particular of rolls of wound flat structures, characterized in that the body to be compressed (3) is moved axially through a rotationally symmetrical space, tapering in the transport direction, whose diameter at the narrowest point is smaller than that of the body to be compressed and whose envelope is generated by several regularly spaced roller-shaped bodies (2), rotating in the same direction, which cross the axis of rotation (1) of the space in its second half, seen in the transport direction, at an angle of between 5 and 45° but do not intersect it, the body to be compressed (3) executing a helical movement relative to these bodies (2) generating the envelope of the space, and being compressed as a function of the ratio of its diameterto the diameter of the narrowest point and this compression being made permanent by wrapping with strip or cord material (9) at the narrowest point of the space.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in. that the rotationally symmetrical bodies (2) generating the envelope of the space are set into rotation and set the body to be compressed (3) into opposite rotation during its forward movement.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the body to be compressed (3) only executes a simple longitudinal movement, the roller-shaped bodies (2) generating the enveloppe of the space are in rotation and rotate simultaneously and in commop, in the sense of their own rotation, about the common axis of rotational symmetry (1), which is simultaneously the longitudinal axis of the body to be compressed (3).
4. Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the angle between the axes of rotation of the bodies (2) generating the envelope of the space and the rotational axis (1) of the body to be compressed is between 10 and 35°.
5. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by at least five rollers (2) of diameters equal to one another and located rotationally symmetrically at a crossing angle alpha of between 5 and 45° to their common axis of rotational symmetry (1), the envelope lines of which rollers form a singleshell hyperboloid of revolution, and the ends of which rollers are fastened in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement to two annular frames (4, 5), of which the frame (5) located at the outlet end has the smaller diameter and each of which is provided with a drive device (6), and by a roll (7) for strip or packing material (9) located outside the space enclosed by the rollers (2) and in the region of its narrowest cross-section, which strip or packing material is supplied via a brake device (10) between two rollers (2) to the cylindrical body (3) located within the space generated by the rollers (2) and by a removal and transport device (11), attached to the frame (5) located at the outlet end, for the compressed body (3).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the annular frames (4, 5), to which the rollers (2) bounding the space are fastened, are rigidly located and the transport device (11) is provided with means (12) for accepting the rotational movement of the compressed body (3).
7. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the annular frames (4, 5) are arranged to be rotatable about their longitudinal axis but to be rigid relative to one another, either the rollers (2) or the annular frames (4, 5) or both being provided with a drive, the rotational direction of the frames (4, 5) being the same as that of the rollers (2) and the device being equipped with means (16) for preventing the rotational movement of the body to by compressed (3).
8. Device according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the rollers (2) have a cylindrical shape with a length which is a multiple of the diameter.
9. Device according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the rollers (2) have the shape of a truncated cone whose base is fastened to the annular frame (4) located at the inlet end, the ratio of the diameter of the base to the diameter of the tip being not more than 2.
10. Device according to one of the claims 5 to 9, characterized in that one of the two annular frames (4, 5) is designed to be rotatable to such an extent that the angle alpha can be varied in the range between 5 and 45° and is provided with a fixing device.
11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the crossing angle alpha is between 10 and 35°.
12. Device according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the rollers (2) extend from the annular frame (4) located at the inlet end as far as the region of the narrowest point of the space enclosed by them and these rollers are fastened to the annular frame (5) located at the outlet end by means of extended outletend stub shafts (13) which are an extension of the longitudinal axis of the rollers (2).
EP85102502A 1984-04-19 1985-03-06 Method and device for radially compressing cylindrical bodies of compressible material Expired EP0160802B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85102502T ATE29451T1 (en) 1984-04-19 1985-03-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE RADIAL COMPRESSION OF CYLINDRICAL BODIES MADE OF COMPRESSABLE MATERIAL.

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DE19843415036 DE3415036A1 (en) 1984-04-19 1984-04-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RADIAL COMPRESSION OF CYLINDRICAL BODIES MADE OF COMPRESSIBLE MATERIAL
DE3415036 1984-04-19

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EP0160802A1 EP0160802A1 (en) 1985-11-13
EP0160802B1 true EP0160802B1 (en) 1987-09-09

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JP (1) JPS60240607A (en)
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US5746378A (en) * 1995-06-23 1998-05-05 Marathon Equipment Company Volume reduction machine
DE19629606C2 (en) * 1996-07-23 2001-05-10 Fillmatic Polsterindustriemasc Device for packaging mattresses surrounded by a fabric cover
ES2190822B1 (en) * 1997-05-28 2004-10-16 Flex Equipos De Descanso S.A. PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION OF PARALELEPIPEDIC POLYURETHANE FOAM BLOCKS IN CYLINDRICAL BLOCKS, FOR TRANSPORTATION.
AU2008100847A4 (en) * 2007-10-12 2008-10-09 Bluescope Steel Limited Method of forming textured casting rolls with diamond engraving
CN115196119B (en) * 2021-04-13 2024-06-25 泉州市振鑫机械制造有限公司 Full-automatic feeding and compressing device for compressed cleaning products and full-automatic production line

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US2974457A (en) * 1959-06-22 1961-03-14 James B Saxton Machine for bundling and baling trees
US3445985A (en) * 1966-11-21 1969-05-27 Sam Manetta Packaging device
BE717860A (en) * 1968-07-10 1969-01-10
US3606725A (en) * 1969-10-22 1971-09-21 Hugh C Dugan Method of and apparatus for compressing a volume of material to be packaged
JPS522687A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-10 Nippon Sangyo Kikai Kk Packaging device for elastic body

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JPS60240607A (en) 1985-11-29
AU4138985A (en) 1985-10-24
ZA852911B (en) 1985-12-24
EP0160802A1 (en) 1985-11-13
DE3415036A1 (en) 1985-10-31
ATE29451T1 (en) 1987-09-15
US4587895A (en) 1986-05-13
DE3560566D1 (en) 1987-10-15
CA1244279A (en) 1988-11-08
DK174785A (en) 1985-10-20
AU569947B2 (en) 1988-02-25

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