EP0146034B1 - Device to switch off users - Google Patents

Device to switch off users Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146034B1
EP0146034B1 EP84114393A EP84114393A EP0146034B1 EP 0146034 B1 EP0146034 B1 EP 0146034B1 EP 84114393 A EP84114393 A EP 84114393A EP 84114393 A EP84114393 A EP 84114393A EP 0146034 B1 EP0146034 B1 EP 0146034B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
arrangement
trip
slide
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84114393A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0146034A3 (en
EP0146034A2 (en
Inventor
Werner Dipl. Ing. Harbauer
Günter Gnahn
Erwin Flierl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19833343906 external-priority patent/DE3343906A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19843414758 external-priority patent/DE3414758A1/en
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT84114393T priority Critical patent/ATE29799T1/en
Publication of EP0146034A2 publication Critical patent/EP0146034A2/en
Publication of EP0146034A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146034A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0146034B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146034B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H01H2003/002—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding with lockout, e.g. two contact pairs in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the two-pole or multi-pole connection and disconnection of consumers, preferably of domestic appliances, by means of a drive that can be actuated by driving, spring-loaded contact parts of two separate contact systems that can be brought into contact with fixed contact parts.
  • the two separate contact systems each consist of separately movable, movable contact slides loaded with restoring spring force, one of which can be brought into operative connection with the two contact parts via different drivers.
  • This makes it possible to open the circuit for welded contact parts and thus e.g. to switch off the faulty heating circuit.
  • the following faults are not recorded: The short to ground with fire risk is not noticed, so that welding the still intact contact leads to a dangerous fault, namely that the heating is not switched off.
  • the reactivation of the single-pole remote-controlled switching device would lead to a new short circuit with further consequential damage.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, in an arrangement of the type mentioned above, to ensure in a simple manner that the faulty contactor is prevented from being switched on again. This is achieved in a simple manner in that, depending on the relative movement between a welded contact part and the drive moving in the opening direction of the contacts, the drive is locked in the switch-on direction.
  • transformer control switches with a separate tap changer and load switch, it is known per se (AT-B-171618) that, due to complex, intermediate spring mechanisms, a fault either occurs the next time the switch is attempted, or if the fault occurs only during operation, to be displayed while the switch is being blocked at the same time.
  • the locking consists of a hook-shaped bent tongue on the movable contact part, which engages spring-loaded in a recess in the contact carrier forming the drive.
  • the hook-shaped bent tongue is formed by a tab cut out from a leaf spring.
  • a symmetrical construction of the switching device with regard to the fixed contact pieces becomes possible if the entrainment is arranged in a plate-like manner with the narrow side walls facing one another on one side of the plate, each with a cage-shaped projection that guides the contact bridge, one half of which projects beyond the other plate, whereby the formation of one plate in the direction of movement of the driver is behind that of the other plate.
  • the fixed contact parts can be fastened in a simple manner in a cover part opposite the plates for the switching device symmetrically to the central axis if the longitudinal direction of the contact bridges run parallel to the surface of the one plate side.
  • a compact structure for the arrangement can be achieved by coordinating the ways of driving in such a way that, in the event of a fault, driving is supported on the inside wall of the housing immediately after the closing pressure has passed through the slide end and thus limits the activation of the other, undisturbed driving so closely that no contact can be made.
  • the arrangement shown in the drawing for two-pole or multi-pole switching off of consumers 1, in the present case the heating of the washing machine, consists of the leaf springs 2, 3, one fixed side 4 or 5 of which is connected to the supply lines R and MP and the other movable side 6, 7 is provided with the contact pads 8, 9, which together with the fixed contact parts 10, 11 form the contact.
  • the middle parts 18, 19 of the leaf springs 2, 3 come to rest with edges 20, 21 of the recesses 22, 23 in the slide-shaped drive 12.
  • Hook-shaped bent tongues 24 are formed on the leaf springs, which in the normal case resiliently rest on the sliding surface 25 of the slide-shaped drive.
  • the armature 15 picks up and causes the slide-shaped drive 12 to move in the direction of the arrow 14; the contacts are closed. If, for example, welding now occurs between the contact pad 9 and the fixed contact part 11, the leaf spring 3 remains in the bent, i.e. the contact closing position.
  • the back pressure spring 13 pushes the slide-shaped drive 12 against the direction of the arrow 14, separates the contact pad 8 from the fixed contact part 10, so that the circuit is opened with one pole. Due to the relative displacement between the slide-shaped drive 12 and the leaf spring 3, the tongue 26 of the leaf spring 3 snaps into a recess 27 in the slide-shaped drive 12.
  • the slide-shaped drive 12 moves in the direction of the arrow 14 excluded, since the leaf spring 3 rests on the contact part 9 on the fixed contact part 11 and thus prevents the movement of the slide-shaped drive 12 by the contact of the tongue 26 on the edges of the recess 27.
  • the drive is locked in the switch-on direction in a simple manner.
  • the tongue 28 causes the locking in an equivalent manner by snapping into the recess 29 in the slide-shaped drive 12, whereas the electrical separation is effected by lifting the contact pad 9 off the fixed contact part 11. It is practically only possible to switch on the arrangement after the welding has been removed by a specialist, for example by replacing the contact parts.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • the tongues 26, 28 are formed by a flap being removed.
  • the leaf springs 2, 3 are guided in window-shaped recesses 30, 31 which correspond to the recesses 22, 23 of the drive according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the latching recesses for the tongues are designated by the reference numerals 32, 33 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows the locked position of the arrangement; the tongue 26 is engaged in the locking recess 32.
  • the drive 12 cannot move, even though the coil 17 is under voltage, which attempts to attract the armature 15, since the leaf spring 2 rests on the fixed contact part 10 via the contact pad 8.
  • two separate contact slides 34, 35 are operatively connected to contact bridges 36, 37.
  • the contact slides 34, 35 are displaced in the longitudinal direction by separate hinged armature parts 38, 39, which cooperate with the magnet (not shown in any more detail), as a result of which the contact bridges 36, 37 lie on the fixed contact parts 40 with their supports.
  • Each of the two contact slides 34, 35 is loaded with a return spring 41 return spring force.
  • the contact pressure spring for the contact bridges 36, 37 have the reference symbol 42.
  • the contact slide 34 is provided with a locking slide 43 which is spring-loaded in a cage 44 via the spring 45 in the direction of the other contact slide 35.
  • the locking slide 43 can engage with its free end in recesses 46, 47 of the contact slide 35, provided that a relative movement between the two contact slides 34 and 35 has occurred by a corresponding amount.
  • the hinged armature parts 38, 39 are tightened so that the contact slides 34, 35 move on both sides in the sense of the compression of the back pressure springs 41 until the supports of the contact bridges 36, 37 with the fixed contact parts 40 in contacting connection.
  • the contact pressure springs 42 are tensioned; the contact bridges 36, 37 each protrude through window-shaped openings 48 in the contact slide not supporting the contact pressure spring for the corresponding contact bridge, so that a relative movement between the two contact slides 34, 35 is possible. If, for example, the contact bridge 36 welds to the supports with the fixed contact parts 40, the contact slide 34 is only moved until the contact bridge 36 abuts the slide edge.
  • the contact slide 35 can move back freely since the hinged anchor part 39 is independent of the hinged anchor part 38.
  • the contact points formed by the contact bridge 37 with the fixed contact parts 40 are opened and afterwards the locking slide engages in the recess 46. It can be seen that when the magnet is re-energized, the hinged armature part 39 is blocked in its switch-on direction by the contact slide 35. A restart of the power circle is only possible when the welded contact bridge has been repaired.
  • the recess 47 is used for locking, provided that the contact bridge 37 is welded to the fixed contact part 40. The effect is basically the same.
  • the slides 34, 35 are locked in the case of welded contacts by latching projections 49.
  • the latching projections are designed here in the form of wedge-shaped projections, in such a way that, depending on the width of the slide, two slides lying next to one another on each slide oppositely acting, wedge-shaped surfaces are present, so that when the slide 34 moves relative to the contact slide 35 or vice versa, one contact slide moves relative to the other transversely to its longitudinal movement. If the edge 50 of one contact slide latches with the edge 51 of the other contact slide, the locking of the two contact slides 34, 35 corresponding to the locking slide according to FIG. 5 has taken place.
  • the back pressure springs 41 in the example according to FIGS. 6 to 13 are arranged at a certain angle to the longitudinal direction of the contact slide. Normally, the inclined planes of the wedge-shaped projections of both slides lie on top of each other, and both slides move by the same amount at the same time, so that there is no transverse displacement.
  • the drivers or slides 34, 35 are plate-shaped.
  • a cage-shaped projection 52 is provided on the slide 34 and a cage-shaped projection 53 is provided on the slide 35.
  • FIG. 8 shows, one half of the cage-shaped projections protrude over the surface 54 of the other slide.
  • contact bridges 36, 37 are introduced, which are spring-loaded via contact pressure springs 56, 57.
  • the contact pressure springs can be introduced into the cage-shaped projections through the openings 58.
  • the contact bridges 36, 37 run parallel to the surfaces 54 of the slide 34, 35 and work together with the fixed contact parts 40, which e.g.
  • FIGS. 9 to 13 show the off position, i.e. the two hinged anchor parts 38, 39 are not attracted to the magnet system 60.
  • the contact bridges 36, 37 are not connected to the fixed contact parts 40.
  • FIG. 10 shows the on position. The hinged anchor parts 38, 39 have been attracted to the core of the magnet system 60.
  • the contact bridges rest against the fixed contact parts 40 under spring tension of the contact pressure springs 58.
  • 11 shows the situation of the welded contact bridge 37 with the fixed contact parts 40.
  • the slide 35 moves in the switch-off direction until the contact bridge rests against the end wall of the window 55, so that the movement is stopped.
  • the slider 34 can continue to move. It effects the separation of the contact bridge 36 from the fixed contact parts 40.
  • a lateral pivoting is possible by the corresponding design of the slide.
  • the latching projections 49 effect this pivoting until the edge 50 of one contact slide latches with the edge 51 of the other contact slide.
  • the locking takes place by the direction of action of the back pressure springs 41 in the angle described above.
  • the slide 34 is pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 12.
  • the hinged anchor parts 38, 39 are tightened.
  • the hinged armature part 39 can only travel a short distance until an extension 63 of the slider 35 abuts the housing wall, and the hinged armature part 38 can only slide the slider 34 until the edge 50 of one contact slide contacts the edge 51 of the other Move the contact slide. It can be seen that a reclosure of the non-welded contacts is prevented with certainty.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Tumbler Switches (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anordnung zum zwei- oder mehrpoligen Zu- und Abschalten von Verbrauchern, vorzugsweise von Hausgeräten, mittels von einem Antrieb über Mitnahmen betätigbarer, federkraftbelasteter Kontaktteile zweier getrennter Kontaktsysteme, die mit Festkontaktteilen in Berührung bringbar sind.The invention relates to an arrangement for the two-pole or multi-pole connection and disconnection of consumers, preferably of domestic appliances, by means of a drive that can be actuated by driving, spring-loaded contact parts of two separate contact systems that can be brought into contact with fixed contact parts.

Bei bekannten Anordnungen der obengenannten Art (DE-C-2905243) bestehen die zwei getrennten Kontaktsysteme aus jeweils getrennt rückstellfederkraftbelasteten, beweglich gelagerten Kontaktschiebern, von denen jeweils einer über unterschiedliche Mitnehmer mit beiden Kontaktteilen in Wirkverbindung bringbar ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, bei verschweissten Kontaktteilen den Stromkreis noch zu öffnen und damit z.B. den gestörten Heizkreis abzuschalten. Bleibt einer der Kontakte jedoch verschweisst, so werden folgende Fehlerfälle nicht erfasst: Der Masseschluss mit Brandgefahr wird nicht bemerkt, so dass ein Verschweissen des noch verbiebenen intakten Kontaktes zum gefährlichen Fehlerfall führt, nämlich, dass die Heizung nicht abgeschaltet wird. Ausserdem würde bei einem der Verschweissung des Kontaktes vorausgegangenen Kurzschluss das Wiedereinschalten des einpolig fernbetätigten Schaltgerätes zu einem erneuten Kurzschluss mit weiteren Folgeschäden führen.In known arrangements of the type mentioned above (DE-C-2905243), the two separate contact systems each consist of separately movable, movable contact slides loaded with restoring spring force, one of which can be brought into operative connection with the two contact parts via different drivers. This makes it possible to open the circuit for welded contact parts and thus e.g. to switch off the faulty heating circuit. However, if one of the contacts remains welded, the following faults are not recorded: The short to ground with fire risk is not noticed, so that welding the still intact contact leads to a dangerous fault, namely that the heating is not switched off. In addition, in the event of a short circuit preceding the welding of the contact, the reactivation of the single-pole remote-controlled switching device would lead to a new short circuit with further consequential damage.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Anordnung der obengenannten Art auf einfache Weise dafür Sorge zu tragen, dass das Wiedereinschalten des gestörten Schützes verhindert wird. Dies wird auf einfache Weise dadurch erreicht, dass in Abhängigkeit von der Relativbewegung zwischen einem verschweissten Kontaktteil und dem in Öffnungsrichtung der Kontakte sich bewegenden Antrieb eine Verriegelung des Antriebes in Einschaltrichtung vorgesehen ist. Bei Transformatorregelschaltern mit getrenntem Stufenwähler und Lastschalter ist es an sich bekannt (AT-B-171618), über aufwendige, dazwischenliegende Sprungwerke eine Störung entweder bei dem nächsten Versuch, den Schalter zu betätigen, oder aber, wenn die Störung erst während der Betätigung eintritt, noch während derselben unter spätestens gleichzeitiger Blockierung des Schalters anzuzeigen.The invention is therefore based on the object, in an arrangement of the type mentioned above, to ensure in a simple manner that the faulty contactor is prevented from being switched on again. This is achieved in a simple manner in that, depending on the relative movement between a welded contact part and the drive moving in the opening direction of the contacts, the drive is locked in the switch-on direction. In the case of transformer control switches with a separate tap changer and load switch, it is known per se (AT-B-171618) that, due to complex, intermediate spring mechanisms, a fault either occurs the next time the switch is attempted, or if the fault occurs only during operation, to be displayed while the switch is being blocked at the same time.

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, das Verschweissen von Kontakten über den Einschaltknopf anzuzeigen (DE-A-2705330).It is also known to indicate the welding of contacts via the switch button (DE-A-2705330).

Praktisch ohne Mehraufwand lässt sich diese Verriegelung erreichen, wenn die Verriegelung aus einer hakenförmig abgebogenen Zunge am beweglichen Kontaktteil besteht, die federbelastet in einer Aussparung in dem den Antrieb bildenden Kontaktträger einrastet. Eine weitere einfache Ausführung ergibt sich, wenn die hakenförmig abgebogene Zunge von einem aus einer Blattfeder ausgescherten Lappen gebildet ist.This locking can be achieved practically without additional effort if the locking consists of a hook-shaped bent tongue on the movable contact part, which engages spring-loaded in a recess in the contact carrier forming the drive. Another simple embodiment results if the hook-shaped bent tongue is formed by a tab cut out from a leaf spring.

Werden z.B., wie bei der Anordnung nach der DE-C-2905243, zwei getrennte Mitnahmen in Form von Kontaktbrückenträgern oder Kontaktschiebern mit getrennten Antrieben in Form von getrennten Ankern eines Magnetsystems benutzt, so ist es vorteilhaft, in Abhängigkeit von der Relativbewegung eine Verriegelung der Mitnahmen untereinander vorzusehen, um hierdurch ebenfalls das Wiedereinschalten des gestörten Schützes zu verhindern. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der einen Mitnahme ein Verriegelungsschieber zugeordnet ist. Ist eine Verschiebungsmöglichkeit der längsverschieblich geführten Mitnahmen quer zur Längsverschiebungsrichtung gegeben, so ist es vorteilhaft, wenn den Mitnahmen gegenseitig wirksam werdende Rastvorsprünge zugeordnet sind.If, for example, as in the arrangement according to DE-C-2905243, two separate carriers in the form of contact bridge supports or contact slides with separate drives in the form of separate armatures of a magnet system are used, it is advantageous, depending on the relative movement, to lock the carriers to be provided with each other to prevent the faulty contactor from being switched on again. It is advantageous here if a locking slide is assigned to the entrainment. If the longitudinally displaceable entrainments can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal displacement direction, it is advantageous if the entrainments are mutually effective latching projections.

Ein symmetrischer Aufbau des Schaltgerätes im Hinblick auf die feststehenden Schaltstücke wird möglich, wenn die Mitnahme plattenförmig mit den einen schmalen Seitenwänden einander zugewandt angeordnet an einer Plattenseite mit je einer käfigförmigen, die Kontaktbrücke führenden Anformung versehen ist, deren eine Hälfte die andere Platte überragt, wobei die Anformung der einen Platte in Bewegungsrichtung der Mitnahmen hinter der der anderen Platte liegt. Die feststehenden Kontaktteile können auf einfache Weise in einem den Platten gegenüberliegenden Deckteil für das Schaltgerät symmetrisch zur Mittelachse befestigt werden, wenn die Längsrichtung der Kontaktbrücken parallel zur Oberfläche der einen Plattenseite verlaufen. Ein gedrängter Aufbau für die Anordnung lässt sich erreichen durch eine derartige Abstimmung der Wege der Mitnahme, dass im Störfall eine Mitnahme sich unmittelbar nach Durchlauf des Schliesserdurchdruckes über das Schieberende an der Gehäuseinnenwand abstützt und damit den Einschaltung der anderen, ungestörten Mitnahme so eng begrenzt, dass keine Kontaktgabe erfolgen kann.A symmetrical construction of the switching device with regard to the fixed contact pieces becomes possible if the entrainment is arranged in a plate-like manner with the narrow side walls facing one another on one side of the plate, each with a cage-shaped projection that guides the contact bridge, one half of which projects beyond the other plate, whereby the formation of one plate in the direction of movement of the driver is behind that of the other plate. The fixed contact parts can be fastened in a simple manner in a cover part opposite the plates for the switching device symmetrically to the central axis if the longitudinal direction of the contact bridges run parallel to the surface of the one plate side. A compact structure for the arrangement can be achieved by coordinating the ways of driving in such a way that, in the event of a fault, driving is supported on the inside wall of the housing immediately after the closing pressure has passed through the slide end and thus limits the activation of the other, undisturbed driving so closely that no contact can be made.

Anhand der Zeichnung werden Ausführungsbeispiele gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung beschrieben und die Wirkungsweise näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention are described with reference to the drawing and the mode of operation is explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 den prinzipiellen Aufbau der zweipoligen Abschaltung,
  • Fig. 2 den konstruktiven Aufbau einer möglichen Ausführung in Prinzipdarstellung, in Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 3 eine weitere Ausführungsform unter Verwendung von Blattfedern mit ausgescherten Lappen,
  • Fig. 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung der Blattfeder mit ausgeschertem und abgebogenem Lappen,
  • Fig. 5 eine Ausführungsform unter Verwendung zweier getrennter Anker mit separatem Verriegelungsschieber an einem der beiden Kontaktschieber,
  • Fig. 6 eine Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 5, bei der die Kontaktschieber mit gegenseitig wirksam werdenden Rastvorsprüngen versehen sind,
  • Fig. 7 eine Seitenansicht, zum Teil im Schnitt, auf ein mit den plattenförmigen Mitnahmen ausgerüstetes Schütz gemäss der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht auf das Schütz nach Fig. 7, ebenfalls zum Teil im Schnitt,
  • Fig. 9 die Prinzipdarstellung der Aus-Stellung des Schützes,
  • Fig. 10 die Ein-Stellung,
  • Fig. 11 die Anordnung bei verschweisstem unteren Kontaktstück nach anschliessendem Aus-Kommando während des Ausschaltvorganges,
  • Fig. 12 die Aus-Endstellung bei verschweisstem unteren Kontakt und
  • Fig. 13 die Ein-Stellung bei unterem verschweisstem Kontakt, der obere Schliesserkontakt ist offen.
Show it:
  • 1 shows the basic structure of the two-pole shutdown,
  • 2 shows the structural design of a possible embodiment in a schematic representation, in a side view,
  • 3 shows a further embodiment using leaf springs with sheared tabs,
  • 4 is a perspective view of the leaf spring with the flap sheared and bent,
  • 5 shows an embodiment using two separate anchors with a separate locking slide on one of the two contact slides,
  • 6 shows an embodiment according to FIG. 5, in which the contact slides are provided with mutually effective locking projections,
  • 7 is a side view, partly in section, of a contactor equipped with the plate-shaped carriers according to the invention,
  • 8 is a plan view of the contactor of FIG. 7, also partly in section,
  • 9 shows the basic diagram of the off position of the contactor,
  • 10 the on position,
  • 11 shows the arrangement with a welded lower contact piece after the subsequent OFF command during the switch-off process,
  • Fig. 12, the off-end position with welded lower contact and
  • Fig. 13 the on position with the lower welded contact, the upper make contact is open.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Anordnung zum zwei- oder mehrpoligen Abschalten von Verbrauchern 1, im vorliegenden Fall die Heizung der Waschmaschine, besteht aus den Blattfedern 2, 3, deren eine feststehende Seite 4 bzw. 5 mit den Zuleitungen R und MP in Verbindung steht und deren andere bewegliche Seite 6, 7 mit den Kontaktauflagen 8, 9 versehen ist, die mit den feststehenden Kontaktteilen 10, 11 zusammen den Kontakt bilden. Zum Schliessen der Kontakte, d.h. zum In-Berührung-Bringen der Kontaktauflagen 8, 9 mit den feststehenden Kontaktteilen 10, 11 wird der schieberförmige Antrieb 12 entgegen der Feder 13 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14, beispielsweise von einem Magnetantrieb, der aus Anker 15, Joch 16 und Spule 17 besteht, bewegt. Hierbei kommen die Mittelteile 18, 19 der Blattfedern 2, 3 mit Kanten 20, 21 der Ausnehmungen 22, 23 im schieberförmigen Antrieb 12 zur Anlage. An den Blattfedern sind hakenförmig abgebogene Zungen 24 angeformt, die im Normalfall federnd auf der Gleitfläche 25 des schieberförmigen Antriebes aufliegen.The arrangement shown in the drawing for two-pole or multi-pole switching off of consumers 1, in the present case the heating of the washing machine, consists of the leaf springs 2, 3, one fixed side 4 or 5 of which is connected to the supply lines R and MP and the other movable side 6, 7 is provided with the contact pads 8, 9, which together with the fixed contact parts 10, 11 form the contact. To close the contacts, i.e. to bring the contact pads 8, 9 into contact with the fixed contact parts 10, 11, the slide-shaped drive 12 against the spring 13 in the direction of arrow 14, for example by a magnetic drive consisting of armature 15, yoke 16 and coil 17, emotional. Here, the middle parts 18, 19 of the leaf springs 2, 3 come to rest with edges 20, 21 of the recesses 22, 23 in the slide-shaped drive 12. Hook-shaped bent tongues 24 are formed on the leaf springs, which in the normal case resiliently rest on the sliding surface 25 of the slide-shaped drive.

Wird nun die Spule 17 unter Spannung gesetzt, so zieht der Anker 15 an und bewirkt eine Verschiebung des schieberförmigen Antriebes 12 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14; die Kontakte werden geschlossen. Tritt nun beispielsweise eine Verschweissung zwischen der Kontaktauflage 9 und dem feststehenden Kontaktteil 11 ein, so bleibt die Blattfeder 3 in der durchgebogenen, d.h. den Kontakt schliessenden Lage. Bei Spannungslosmachen der Spule 17 schiebt die Rückdruckfeder 13 den schieberförmigen Antrieb 12 entgegen der Pfeilrichtung 14, trennt Kontaktauflage 8 vom feststehenden Kontaktteil 10, so dass der Stromkreis einpolig geöffnet wird. Durch die Relativverschiebung zwischen schieberförmigem Antrieb 12 und Blattfeder 3 rastet die Zunge 26 der Blattfeder 3 in eine Aussparung 27 des schieberförmigen Antriebes 12. Wird nun anschliessend die Spule 17 wieder unter Spannung gesetzt, so ist eine Bewegung des schieberförmigen Antriebes 12 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 ausgeschlossen, da die Blattfeder 3 über die Kontaktauflage 9 am feststehenden Kontaktteil 11 anliegt und so die Bewegung des schieberförmigen Antriebes 12 durch das Anliegen der Zunge 26 an den Kanten der Aussparung 27 verhindert. Somit ist auf einfache Weise eine Verriegelung des Antriebes in Einschaltrichtung erreicht.If the coil 17 is now energized, the armature 15 picks up and causes the slide-shaped drive 12 to move in the direction of the arrow 14; the contacts are closed. If, for example, welding now occurs between the contact pad 9 and the fixed contact part 11, the leaf spring 3 remains in the bent, i.e. the contact closing position. When the coil 17 is de-energized, the back pressure spring 13 pushes the slide-shaped drive 12 against the direction of the arrow 14, separates the contact pad 8 from the fixed contact part 10, so that the circuit is opened with one pole. Due to the relative displacement between the slide-shaped drive 12 and the leaf spring 3, the tongue 26 of the leaf spring 3 snaps into a recess 27 in the slide-shaped drive 12. If the coil 17 is then re-energized, the slide-shaped drive 12 moves in the direction of the arrow 14 excluded, since the leaf spring 3 rests on the contact part 9 on the fixed contact part 11 and thus prevents the movement of the slide-shaped drive 12 by the contact of the tongue 26 on the edges of the recess 27. Thus, the drive is locked in the switch-on direction in a simple manner.

Sollten Kontaktauflage 8 und feststehender Kontaktteil 10 miteinander verschweisst sein, so bewirkt die Zunge 28 durch Einrasten in die Aussparung 29 im schieberförmigen Antrieb 12 die Verriegelung in äquivalenter Weise, wohingegen die elektrische Trennung durch Abheben der Kontaktauflage 9 vom feststehenden Kontaktteil 11 bewirkt wird. Die Einschaltung der Anordnung wird praktisch erst möglich, nachdem die Verschweissung von einem Fachmann beseitigt wurde, beispielsweise durch Auswechseln der Kontaktteile.If the contact pad 8 and the fixed contact part 10 are welded to one another, the tongue 28 causes the locking in an equivalent manner by snapping into the recess 29 in the slide-shaped drive 12, whereas the electrical separation is effected by lifting the contact pad 9 off the fixed contact part 11. It is practically only possible to switch on the arrangement after the welding has been removed by a specialist, for example by replacing the contact parts.

In der Fig. 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung dargestellt. Hier sind aus den Blattfedern 2, 3, wie es Fig. 4 zeigt, die Zungen 26, 28 durch Ausscheren eines Lappens gebildet. Die Blattfedern 2, 3 sind in fensterförmigen Aussparungen 30, 31 geführt, die den Aussparungen 22, 23 des Antriebes nach Fig. 1 und 2 entsprechen. Die Rastaussparungen für die Zungen sind im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 mit den Bezugszeichen 32, 33 bezeichnet. Die Fig. 3 zeigt die verriegelte Stellung der Anordnung; die Zunge 26 ist in die Rastaussparung 32 eingerastet. Der Antrieb 12 kann sich trotz Unter-Spannung-Legen der Spule 17, wodurch versucht wird, den Anker 15 anzuziehen, nicht bewegen, da die Blattfeder 2 auf dem Festkontaktteil 10 über die Kontaktauflage 8 aufliegt. Auch hier ist das Einschalten der Anordnung auf einen bestehenden Kurzschluss praktisch nicht mehr möglich.3 shows a further embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention. Here, from the leaf springs 2, 3, as shown in FIG. 4, the tongues 26, 28 are formed by a flap being removed. The leaf springs 2, 3 are guided in window-shaped recesses 30, 31 which correspond to the recesses 22, 23 of the drive according to FIGS. 1 and 2. The latching recesses for the tongues are designated by the reference numerals 32, 33 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4. Fig. 3 shows the locked position of the arrangement; the tongue 26 is engaged in the locking recess 32. The drive 12 cannot move, even though the coil 17 is under voltage, which attempts to attract the armature 15, since the leaf spring 2 rests on the fixed contact part 10 via the contact pad 8. Here, too, it is practically no longer possible to switch on the arrangement for an existing short circuit.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 sind zwei getrennte Kontaktschieber 34, 35 mit Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 in Wirkverbindung gebracht. Die Kontaktschieber 34, 35 werden von getrennten Klappankerteilen 38, 39, die mit dem nicht näher dargestellten Magnet zusammenwirken, in Längsrichtung verschoben, wodurch sich die Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 mit ihren Auflagen auf die Festkontaktteile 40 legen. Jeder der beiden Kontaktschieber 34, 35 ist mit einer Rückstellfeder 41 rückstellfederkraftbelastet. Die Kontaktdruckfeder für die Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 tragen das Bezugszeichen 42. Der Kontaktschieber 34 ist mit einem Verriegelungsschieber 43 versehen, der in einem Käfig 44 über die Feder 45 in Richtung auf den anderen Kontaktschieber 35 federkraftbelastet ist. Der Verriegelungsschieber 43 kann mit seinem freien Ende in Aussparungen 46, 47 des Kontaktschiebers 35 eingreifen, sofern eine Relativbewegung zwischen den beiden Kontaktschiebern 34 und 35 um ein entsprechendes Mass aufgetreten ist.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, two separate contact slides 34, 35 are operatively connected to contact bridges 36, 37. The contact slides 34, 35 are displaced in the longitudinal direction by separate hinged armature parts 38, 39, which cooperate with the magnet (not shown in any more detail), as a result of which the contact bridges 36, 37 lie on the fixed contact parts 40 with their supports. Each of the two contact slides 34, 35 is loaded with a return spring 41 return spring force. The contact pressure spring for the contact bridges 36, 37 have the reference symbol 42. The contact slide 34 is provided with a locking slide 43 which is spring-loaded in a cage 44 via the spring 45 in the direction of the other contact slide 35. The locking slide 43 can engage with its free end in recesses 46, 47 of the contact slide 35, provided that a relative movement between the two contact slides 34 and 35 has occurred by a corresponding amount.

Wird bei intaktem Schaltgerät der Magnet an Spannung gelegt, so werden die Klappankerteile 38, 39 angezogen, so dass sich die Kontaktschieber 34, 35 im Sinne des Zusammendrückens der Rückdruckfedern 41 beidseitig verschieben, bis die Auflagen der Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 mit den Festkontaktteilen 40 in kontaktgebende Verbindung kommen. Hierbei werden die Kontaktdruckfedern 42 gespannt; die Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 durchragen hierbei jeweils fensterförmige Öffnungen 48 im die Kontaktdruckfeder für die entsprechende Kontaktbrücke nicht tragenden Kontaktschieber, so dass eine Relativbewegung zwischen den beiden Kontaktschiebern 34, 35 möglich ist. Verschweisst nun beispielsweise die Kontaktbrücke 36 mit den Auflagen mit den Festkontaktteilen 40, so wird der Kontaktschieber 34 nur soweit bewegt, bis die Kontaktbrücke 36 an der Schieberkante anliegt. Der Kontaktschieber 35 kann sich jedoch frei zurückbewegen, da das Klappankerteil 39 vom Klappankerteil 38 unabhängig ist. Die durch die Kontaktbrücke 37 mit den Festkontaktteilen 40 gebildeten Kontaktstellen werden geöffnet und hernach rastet der Verriegelungsschieber in die Aussparung 46 ein. Es ist ersichtlich, dass beim Wieder-an-Spannung-Legen des Magneten das Klappankerteil 39 durch den Kontaktschieber 35 in seiner Einschaltrichtung blockiert ist. Ein Wiedereinschalten des Stromkreises ist erst möglich, wenn die verschweisste Kontaktbrücke wieder instand gesetzt wurde. Die Aussparung 47 dient der Verrastung, sofern die Kontaktbrücke 37 mit dem Festkontaktteil 40 verschweisst ist. Die Wirkung ist im Prinzip gleich.If the magnet is energized when the switching device is intact, the hinged armature parts 38, 39 are tightened so that the contact slides 34, 35 move on both sides in the sense of the compression of the back pressure springs 41 until the supports of the contact bridges 36, 37 with the fixed contact parts 40 in contacting connection. Here, the contact pressure springs 42 are tensioned; the contact bridges 36, 37 each protrude through window-shaped openings 48 in the contact slide not supporting the contact pressure spring for the corresponding contact bridge, so that a relative movement between the two contact slides 34, 35 is possible. If, for example, the contact bridge 36 welds to the supports with the fixed contact parts 40, the contact slide 34 is only moved until the contact bridge 36 abuts the slide edge. However, the contact slide 35 can move back freely since the hinged anchor part 39 is independent of the hinged anchor part 38. The contact points formed by the contact bridge 37 with the fixed contact parts 40 are opened and afterwards the locking slide engages in the recess 46. It can be seen that when the magnet is re-energized, the hinged armature part 39 is blocked in its switch-on direction by the contact slide 35. A restart of the power circle is only possible when the welded contact bridge has been repaired. The recess 47 is used for locking, provided that the contact bridge 37 is welded to the fixed contact part 40. The effect is basically the same.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 6 bis 13 erfolgt die Verrastung der Schieber 34, 35 bei verschweissten Kontakten durch Rastvorsprünge 49. Die Rastvorsprünge sind hier in Form keilförmiger Anformungen ausgebildet, und zwar derart, dass entsprechend der Breite des Schiebers auf jedem Schieber zwei nebeneinanderliegende, gegensinnig wirkende, keilförmige Flächen vorhanden sind, so dass bei Bewegung des Schiebers 34 gegenüber dem Kontaktschieber 35 bzw. umgedreht, eine Bewegung des einen Kontaktschiebers gegenüber dem anderen quer zu seiner Längsbewegung erfolgt. Sofern die Kante 50 des einen Kontaktschiebers mit der Kante 51 des anderen Kontaktschiebers verrastet, ist die dem Verriegelungsschieber gemäss Fig. 5 entsprechende Verriegelung der beiden Kontaktschieber 34, 35 untereinander erfolgt. Um die Querbewegung der Kontaktschieber zu seiner Längsbewegung zu ermöglichen, sind die Rückdruckfedern 41 beim Beispiel nach Fig. 6 bis 13 in einem gewissen Winkel zur Längsrichtung der Kontaktschieber angeordnet. Im Normalfall liegen die schiefen Ebenen der keilförmigen Anformungen beider Schieber aufeinander, und beide Schieber bewegen sich gleichzeitig um gleiche Beträge, so dass keine Querverschiebung erfolgt.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 13, the slides 34, 35 are locked in the case of welded contacts by latching projections 49. The latching projections are designed here in the form of wedge-shaped projections, in such a way that, depending on the width of the slide, two slides lying next to one another on each slide oppositely acting, wedge-shaped surfaces are present, so that when the slide 34 moves relative to the contact slide 35 or vice versa, one contact slide moves relative to the other transversely to its longitudinal movement. If the edge 50 of one contact slide latches with the edge 51 of the other contact slide, the locking of the two contact slides 34, 35 corresponding to the locking slide according to FIG. 5 has taken place. In order to enable the transverse movement of the contact slide to its longitudinal movement, the back pressure springs 41 in the example according to FIGS. 6 to 13 are arranged at a certain angle to the longitudinal direction of the contact slide. Normally, the inclined planes of the wedge-shaped projections of both slides lie on top of each other, and both slides move by the same amount at the same time, so that there is no transverse displacement.

Die Mitnahmen bzw. Schieber 34,35 sind plattenförmig ausgebildet. Am Schieber 34 ist eine käfigförmige Anformung 52 und am Schieber 35 eine käfigförmige Anformung 53 vorgesehen. Wie die Fig. 8 zeigt, überragt die eine Hälfte der käfigförmigen Anformungen die Oberfläche 54 des anderen Schiebers. In die fensterförmige Öffnung 55 der Anformungen 52, 53 sind Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 eingeführt, die über Kontaktdruckfedern 56, 57 federkraftbelastet sind. Die Kontaktdruckfedern können durch die Öffnungen 58 in die käfigförmigen Anformungen eingebracht werden. Die Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 verlaufen parallel zu den Oberflächen 54 der Schieber 34, 35 und arbeiten mit den Festkontaktteilen 40 zusammen, die z.B. in Steckanschlüsse 64 auslaufen und in einem Deckteil 59 für das das Magnetsystem 60 aufnehmende Unterteil 61 des Schützes gehalten sind. Durch die Zwischenwände 62 entstehen abgeteilte Schaltkammern. Die Schieber 34, 35 werden von den Klappankerteilen 38, 39 in Schliessrichtung der Kontakte im Normalfall gleichzeitig bewegt. Die Funktion des erfindungsgemässen Sicherheitsschützes ist aus den Fig. 9 bis 13 zu ersehen. Die Fig. 9 zeigt die Aus-Stellung, d.h. die beiden Klappankerteile 38, 39 sind nicht vom Magnetsystem 60 angezogen. Die Kontaktbrücken 36, 37 stehen nicht in Verbindung mit den Festkontaktteilen 40. Fig. 10 zeigt die Ein-Stellung. Die Klappankerteile 38, 39 sind an den Kern des Magnetsystems 60 angezogen worden. Die Kontaktbrücken liegen unter Federspannung der Kontaktdruckfedern 58 an den Festkontaktteilen 40 an. Fig. 11 zeigt die Situation der verschweissten Kontaktbrücke 37 mit den Festkontaktteilen 40. Der Schieber 35 bewegt sich in Ausschaltrichtung, bis die Kontaktbrücke an der Stirnwand des Fensters 55 anliegt, so dass die Bewegung gestoppt ist. Der Schieber 34 kann sich weiter bewegen. Er bewirkt die Trennung der Kontaktbrücke 36 von den Festkontaktteilen 40. Durch die entsprechende Ausbildung des Schiebers ist eine seitliche Verschwenkung möglich. Die Rastvorsprünge 49 bewirken diese Verschwenkung und zwar solange, bis die Kante 50 des einen Kontaktschiebers mit der Kante 51 des anderen Kontaktschiebers verrastet. Durch die Wirkrichtung der Rückdruckfedern 41 in dem vorbeschriebenen Winkel erfolgt die Verrastung. Der Schieber 34 wird in die aus Fig. 12 ersichtliche Lage verschwenkt. Wird nun das Magnetsystem 60 wieder an Spannung gelegt, so werden die Klappankerteile 38, 39 angezogen. Das Klappankerteil 39 kann jedoch nur einen geringen Weg zurücklegen und zwar solange, bis ein Fortsatz 63 des Schiebers 35 an der Gehäusewandung anliegt, und das Klappankerteil 38 kann den Schieber 34 lediglich bis zur Anlage der Kante 50 des einen Kontaktschiebers an der Kante 51 des anderen Kontaktschiebers bewegen. Es ist ersichtlich, dass eine Wiederschliessung der nicht verschweissten Kontakte mit Sicherheit verhindert ist.The drivers or slides 34, 35 are plate-shaped. A cage-shaped projection 52 is provided on the slide 34 and a cage-shaped projection 53 is provided on the slide 35. As FIG. 8 shows, one half of the cage-shaped projections protrude over the surface 54 of the other slide. In the window-shaped opening 55 of the projections 52, 53, contact bridges 36, 37 are introduced, which are spring-loaded via contact pressure springs 56, 57. The contact pressure springs can be introduced into the cage-shaped projections through the openings 58. The contact bridges 36, 37 run parallel to the surfaces 54 of the slide 34, 35 and work together with the fixed contact parts 40, which e.g. run out in plug-in connections 64 and are held in a cover part 59 for the lower part 61 of the contactor receiving the magnet system 60. Partitioned switching chambers are created by the partition walls 62. The slides 34, 35 are moved by the hinged armature parts 38, 39 in the closing direction of the contacts in the normal case at the same time. The function of the safety contactor according to the invention can be seen from FIGS. 9 to 13. Fig. 9 shows the off position, i.e. the two hinged anchor parts 38, 39 are not attracted to the magnet system 60. The contact bridges 36, 37 are not connected to the fixed contact parts 40. FIG. 10 shows the on position. The hinged anchor parts 38, 39 have been attracted to the core of the magnet system 60. The contact bridges rest against the fixed contact parts 40 under spring tension of the contact pressure springs 58. 11 shows the situation of the welded contact bridge 37 with the fixed contact parts 40. The slide 35 moves in the switch-off direction until the contact bridge rests against the end wall of the window 55, so that the movement is stopped. The slider 34 can continue to move. It effects the separation of the contact bridge 36 from the fixed contact parts 40. A lateral pivoting is possible by the corresponding design of the slide. The latching projections 49 effect this pivoting until the edge 50 of one contact slide latches with the edge 51 of the other contact slide. The locking takes place by the direction of action of the back pressure springs 41 in the angle described above. The slide 34 is pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 12. If the magnet system 60 is now energized again, the hinged anchor parts 38, 39 are tightened. However, the hinged armature part 39 can only travel a short distance until an extension 63 of the slider 35 abuts the housing wall, and the hinged armature part 38 can only slide the slider 34 until the edge 50 of one contact slide contacts the edge 51 of the other Move the contact slide. It can be seen that a reclosure of the non-welded contacts is prevented with certainty.

Claims (10)

1. An arrangement for two-pole or multi-pole connection and disconnection of consuming devices, especially domestic appliances, by means of springloaded moving contact parts (8, 9) of two separate contact systems, which moving contact parts are operable by means of an operating means through at least one trip (12) and can be brought into contact with fixed contact parts (10, 11) characterised in that a locking means is provided to lock the operating means in the connecting direction depending on the relative movement between a welded contact part (8, 9) and the operating means (12, 34, 35) moving in the opening direction of the contacts (8, 10, 9, 11).
2. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the locking means consists of a tongue (26, 28) which is bent in the shape of a hook on the moving contact part (2, 3) and is springloaded and engages in an opening (22, 23) in the contact carrier (12) forming the operating means.
3. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the tongue (26, 28) bent in the shape of a hook is formed by a lug cut from a leaf spring (2, 3).
4. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that when at least two separate trips (34, 35) and operating means (38, 39) are used, the trips (34, 35) can be interlocked contingent on the relative movement.
5. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that one of the trips (34, 35) is provided with a sliding locking element (43).
6. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the trips (34, 35) are provided with interacting locking projections (49).
7. An arrangement as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the trip (34, 35) is arranged in the shape of a plate with the narrow side walls facing one another and on one side of the plate is provided with a cage-shaped moulding (52) which guides the contact bridge (36, 37) and one half of which projects over the other plate (35, 34), the moulding (52) of the first plate (34) lying exactly behind the moulding (52) of the other plate (35) in the direction of movement of the trip (34, 35).
8. An Arrangement as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the longitudinal axis of the contact bridges (36, 37) runs parallel with the surface of one plate side.
9. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 7, characterised by an adjustment of the trip movements such that in the event of a fault one trip (35) bears on the inside wall of the casing through the end of the sliding element (63) immediately the movement of the normally open contact is completed and thus limits the connecting movement of the other fault- free trip (34) so that no contact can be made.
EP84114393A 1983-12-05 1984-11-28 Device to switch off users Expired EP0146034B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84114393T ATE29799T1 (en) 1983-12-05 1984-11-28 ARRANGEMENT FOR SWITCHING OFF CONSUMERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3343906 1983-12-05
DE19833343906 DE3343906A1 (en) 1983-12-05 1983-12-05 Arrangement for the disconnection of loads
DE19843414758 DE3414758A1 (en) 1984-04-18 1984-04-18 Arrangement for disconnecting loads
DE3414758 1984-04-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0146034A2 EP0146034A2 (en) 1985-06-26
EP0146034A3 EP0146034A3 (en) 1985-07-24
EP0146034B1 true EP0146034B1 (en) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=25816165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84114393A Expired EP0146034B1 (en) 1983-12-05 1984-11-28 Device to switch off users

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0146034B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3466316D1 (en)
DK (1) DK573884A (en)
ES (1) ES538298A0 (en)
FI (1) FI78194C (en)
NO (1) NO844818L (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3617832A1 (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-02-26 Paul & Siedler Gmbh & Co Kg ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY
EP0921543A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-06-09 Signal Lux Italia S.p.A. Electric safety switch

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT171618B (en) * 1950-09-15 1952-06-25 Elin Ag Elek Ind Wien Device on transformer control switches with separate tap selector and load switch as well as intervening spring mechanism for blocking in the event of a fault in the movement of the load switch
DE1055102B (en) * 1956-06-21 1959-04-16 Wickmann Werke Ag Overcurrent switch
GB896401A (en) * 1957-05-21 1962-05-16 Dowty Electrics Ltd Improvements in electromagnetic multi-contact relays
DE2705330C2 (en) * 1977-02-09 1983-10-27 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Electrical switch, in particular motor protection switch
DE2905243C2 (en) * 1979-02-12 1982-10-21 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Arrangement for opening circuits
DE3213493A1 (en) * 1982-04-10 1983-10-13 Klöckner-Moeller Elektrizitäts GmbH, 5300 Bonn Electrical circuit breaker for low-voltage switching apparatuses, especially motor protection circuit breakers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI78194C (en) 1989-06-12
DK573884A (en) 1985-06-06
FI78194B (en) 1989-02-28
ES8604002A1 (en) 1986-01-01
EP0146034A3 (en) 1985-07-24
FI844776A0 (en) 1984-12-04
NO844818L (en) 1985-06-06
DK573884D0 (en) 1984-12-04
FI844776L (en) 1985-06-06
DE3466316D1 (en) 1987-10-22
EP0146034A2 (en) 1985-06-26
ES538298A0 (en) 1986-01-01

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