EP0144769B1 - Matrix coating flexible casting belts, method & apparatus for making matrix coatings - Google Patents

Matrix coating flexible casting belts, method & apparatus for making matrix coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144769B1
EP0144769B1 EP84113365A EP84113365A EP0144769B1 EP 0144769 B1 EP0144769 B1 EP 0144769B1 EP 84113365 A EP84113365 A EP 84113365A EP 84113365 A EP84113365 A EP 84113365A EP 0144769 B1 EP0144769 B1 EP 0144769B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metallic
zirconia
coating
matrix
refractory material
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP84113365A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0144769A1 (en
Inventor
Norman J. Bergeron
Wojtek S. Szczypiorski
James G. Villa
S. Richard Hazelett
R. William Hazelett
Dean A. Boozan
Thomas E. Brennan
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Hazelett Strip Casting Corp
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Hazelett Strip Casting Corp
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Priority claimed from US06/549,652 external-priority patent/US4487157A/en
Priority claimed from US06/549,653 external-priority patent/US4487790A/en
Priority claimed from US06/549,752 external-priority patent/US4588021A/en
Application filed by Hazelett Strip Casting Corp filed Critical Hazelett Strip Casting Corp
Priority to AT88111414T priority Critical patent/ATE92788T1/de
Priority to AT84113365T priority patent/ATE60628T1/de
Publication of EP0144769A1 publication Critical patent/EP0144769A1/en
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Publication of EP0144769B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144769B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0463—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to moving work of indefinite length
    • B05B13/0468—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to moving work of indefinite length with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads
    • B05B13/0473—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to moving work of indefinite length with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads with spray heads reciprocating along a straight line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0665—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating
    • B22D11/0671—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating for heating or drying

Definitions

  • This invention relates primarily to the flexible belts used in continuous casting machines for the casting of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. More particularly, this invention is directed to protective and thermally insulating matrix coatings, the methods of forming such coatings, the composition of the coatings, and the coated belts so produced.
  • the casting belts are usually made of mild steel.
  • the invention applies to the coating of other molten-metal-contacting surfaces in continuous casting machines, such as the coating of edge-dam blocks.
  • excess liquid or solvent or binder in the insulating coating material is likely to emanate gas in such quantity as to disturb the soundness of the cast product, resulting in porosity.
  • Some of the gas thus liberated is at times hydrogen, which can detrimentally alter the metallurgical qualities of the cast metal.
  • excess amounts of the temporary insulative coating material itself may accumulate near the edges of the cast product and usurp part of the continuously moving mold space, causing defects in the cast product.
  • thermosetting resin and solvent for use in continuously casting relatively low melting-point metals, such as aluminum, zinc and lead is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,871,905.
  • Coatings containing resins are generally unsuitable for use for continuously casting metals having melting-point temperature significantly higher than aluminum.
  • a casting belt made of mild killed steel containing 0.2% to 0.8% by weight of titanium has been multiple-layer coated, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,298,053.
  • the surface of the belt is first coated by a "primer" layer of a nickel-aluminum alloy (80% by wt. of Ni and 20% by wt. of Al) stated to be 0.005 mm thick in the specification but claimed to be 0.05 mm thick in the only claim.
  • This primer layer is coated by another layer between 0.01 and 0.5 mm thick made of chromium, or of an alloy of chromium, or of nickel, or of an alloy of nickel or of a stainless steel.
  • a third layer of colloidal graphite anti-adhesion agent is applied over the second layer.
  • colloidal graphite anti-adhesion agent is applied over the second layer.
  • Such built-up ceramic coatings are usually relatively thick and relatively fragile and brittle. They have insufficient durability to withstand thermal shock, or to withstand the mechanical stretching and relaxing, the flexing and abrading which are inherent in continuous casting employing one or more moving belts as molten-metal-contacting-cooling surfaces.
  • German patent 24 11 448 of Theobald in which patent an attempt was made to solve this problem when casting aluminum by applying over the relatively thick ceramic a second and protective abrasion resistive metal layer which has a higher temperature point of fusion than the metal to be cast.
  • a unitary-layer partially metallic, suitably adherent, mechanically and thermally durable, non-wetting, fusion-bonded matrix coating on endless, flexible metallic casting belts for continuous casting machines is described.
  • This fusion-bonded matrix coating is also advantageous for coating other molten metal-contacting surfaces in continuous casting machines, such as edge-dam blocks that define moving side walls of a mold cavity.
  • the fusion-bonded matrix (or reticulum) coating provides advantageous accessible porosity throughout the coating and comprises a nonmetallic refractory material interspersed substantially uniformly throughout a matrix of heat-resistant metal or metal alloy, for example, nickel or nickel alloy, such metal or metal alloy being fusion-bonded to a grit-blasted surface of the belt and serving to anchor and hold the nonmetallic material.
  • the coating is applied by thermally spraying a powdered mixture directly on the roughened surface.
  • the result is to insulate and protect the underlying belt from intimate molten metal contact, from heat stress and consequent distortion and from chemical or stress-corrosive action by the molten metal or its oxides or slags.
  • the nonmetallic material may be present, at least partly, in the form of isolated particles encased within the metallic reticulum and/or in the form of a second reticulum intertwined with the metallic reticulum.
  • the life of the coated belts is dramatically increased, and the surface quality and properties of the cast product are significantly improved.
  • the coating controls and renders more uniform the rate of freezing of the metal being cast, resulting in improved metallurgical properties.
  • a twin-belt casting machine which includes a lower casting belt 10 revolved around pulleys 12 and 14, which are parts associated with a lower carriage L.
  • Pulley 12 is located at the input or upstream end of the machine, and pulley 14 is at the output or downstream end of the machine.
  • a continuous moving casting mold C is defined by and between the lower casting belt 10 cooperating with a pair of spaced casting side dams 16 and 18 (Fig. 2) and with an upper casting belt 20, as they move together along the casting zone C.
  • the side dams are guided by rollers 22. They each comprise a multiplicity of slotted dam blocks 24 strung on straps 25.
  • Seals 26 keep water from entering between the belts so as to isolate the casting region C from water.
  • Stationary guides 27 serve to guide the moving side dams.
  • Upper casting belt 20 revolves around pulleys 28 and 30, which are parts of an upper carriage U.
  • Finned backup rollers 32 define the position of the belts in casting zone C and permit fast-moving liquid coolant to travel along the reverse surface of each belt.
  • Molten metal is introduced into the machine at its upstream end as indicated by the arrow 31 in Fig. 1.
  • the cast product P issues from the downstream end.
  • each of the belts 10 and 20 is coated before being installed on the respective belt carriages L and U. It will be understood from Figs. 1 and 2 that the molten-metal-contacting surface of each belt is its outer surface, sometimes called its front surface, while its inner surface is sometimes called the reverse surface.
  • Such flexible casting belts 10 and 20 are usually made from low carbon steel rolled to be moderately hard and usually have a thickness in the range from 0,889 mm (0.035 of an inch) up to 1,651 mm (0.065 of an inch), but thinner or thicker belts may be used. Occasionally, for more demanding service, the belts are made from a titanium-containing steel, as described in Dompas U.S. Patent No. 4,092,155, which is work-hardened by rolling sufficiently to become full hard.
  • any oily residue on the outer surface of the belt must first be thoroughly removed, as by alkali-detergent cleaning followed by wiping with a clean solvent.
  • the outer surface of the belt is roughened by grit-blasting.
  • this grit-blasting is carried out with 20-grit aluminum oxide, applied at an air pressure (between about 40 and 100 psi) between about 300 and 700 kilopascals.
  • the size 20-grit means particles of aluminum oxide which have passed through a screen having 20 wires per 25,4 mm (inch). Air pressure within the lower portion of this range is used when grit-blasting thinner belts in the lower portion of the belt thickness range described above, since the impacts of the grit may otherwise cause roughness on the reverse belt surface. Air pressure within the lower portion of the range may also be advisable when the belt is not intended to be subsequently roller-stretcher levelled.
  • the belt will be roller-stretcher levelled after grit-blasting in order to control distortion within acceptable limits, as described below.
  • Roughness of the blasted surface is normally in a preferred range from 0,0508 mm (0.002 of an inch) up to 0,0762 mm (0.003 of an inch) (2000 to 3000 microinches or 52 to 76 micrometers), which range is readily obtained, though the useful range of roughness may occasionally extend from about 0,0254 mm (0.001 of an inch) up to about 0,127 mm (0.005 of an inch).
  • the grit-blasting process ordinarily distorts the belt, and roller-stretcher belt levelling will usually be required.
  • Levelling is done by passing the belt with reversals in bending and ironing action through multiple closely spaced rollers, for example, as shown and described in U.S. Patent 2,904,860 of C. W. Hazelett.
  • Thermal spraying is then utilized to apply the one-coat fusion-bonded matrix protective insulative coating directly to the grit-blasted roughened belt surface.
  • a successful method is to thermally spray the coating materials by means of a combustion flame-an oxyacetylene flame-at a standoff distance of at least 5 inches (127 mm), and at a traverse speed in the range of 30 to 50 feet (9 to 15 meters) per minute.
  • Oxyacetylene-sprayed coatings are successful if the material being sprayed does not burn up excessively in the flame.
  • nonmetallic particles may not entirely melt. Moreover, oxyacetylene flame may not be sufficient to retain nonmetallic particles molten for the time required to fuse them to other particles of the same species as finally deposited on the belt surface. If there is a preponderance of metallic particles intermixed with nonmetallics, the environment is not conducive for interfusion of the nonmetallic constituents. Thus, in such cases, the nonmetallic material may be present, at least partly, in the form of isolated particles encased within or surrounded by the metallic reticulum.
  • Plasma spraying is an alternative method of thermal spraying that uses electricity.
  • Combustion (oxyacetylene) spraying is often called flame spraying.
  • flame spraying Such usage is apt to be confusing in that the plasma spray is often said to utilize a plasma flame. Both kinds of spraying may be said to utilize a flame.
  • thermal spraying as being inclusive of both oxyacetylene flame spraying and electrically energized plasma spraying. Plasma spraying as ordinarily used runs hotter than oxyacetylene spraying and so results in less porosity.
  • controlled porosity within the matrix coating has the virtue of acting as a blotter or disperser for moisture picked up on the surface of a casting belt, caused by condensation or by stray droplets of coolant.
  • This blotting or dispersing of moisture prevents blowholes, rosettes, or needles that would otherwise appear in the surface of the cast product P adjacent to the location of a liquid contaminant.
  • This feature of blotting dispersion of moisture is important, for example, in the casting of aluminum sheet product P with a high quality surface suitable for anodization, as opposed to lower surface quality which is acceptable for painting.
  • controlled porosity is desirable.
  • One is its improvement of thermal shock resistance.
  • the other is its increasing of resistance to spalling under mechanical rough handling. Both of these characteristics are important in a coating consisting, on a volume basis, largely of ceramic material or brittle material generally.
  • thermal shock the porosity appears to allow internal adjustments to occur without relatively massive dislocations appearing, there being already countless tiny dislocations present as pores, each of which we now believe contributes minutely to a myriad of needed internal mechanical adjustments for accommodating thermal shocks and mechanical flexings and stretchings.
  • controlled porosity far from detracting from effective strength of the matrix coating, actually increases it.
  • the desired porosity appears to extend throughout the unitary-layer, fusion-bonded matrix coating. That this porosity extends omnipresently throughout the matrix coating is evidenced by the fact that a steel belt so coated will rust if left moist.
  • fusion-bonded matrix coatings on belts of continuous casting machines in accordance with this invention has four advantages that are important to the present invention.
  • the upper limit in a given formulation is reached when the integrity of the coating becomes impaired. In those matrix coatings where the metallic constituents are predominant (as determined by weight), this upper limit is at least about 35 percent "accessible" porosity by volume. In those matrix coatings where the nonmetallic constituents are predominant (as determined by weight) this upper limit is about 12 to 20% "accessible" porosity by volume.
  • Table A below lists the water-accessible porosities as a percentage of the total volume of the matrix- coating which were observed by measuring various test samples thermal spray coated with powdered mixtures of the listed formulations under the conditions stated.
  • the preferred unitary-layer, fusion-bonded, protective matrix coating is of the same composition throughout its thickness.
  • This matrix coating comprises a nonmetallic refractory material interspersed substantially uniformly throughout a matrix of heat-resistant metallic component or constituent.
  • This metallic constituent is a metal or a metal alloy, and it must exhibit five critical properties, as follows:
  • nickel and nickel alloys are especially suitable for forming the metallic constituents of the matrix coatings of this invention.
  • Cobalt, iron and titanium would also appear to have the hereinbefore described five critical properties so as to be useful as the metal or metal alloy for forming the metallic constituents of the matrix coatings.
  • Those skilled in the art may find that other metals or metal alloys are also suitably operable.
  • the matrix coating of this invention is formed by thermal spraying of the metallic and nonmetallic constituents mixed in formulations within the following ranges:
  • Nonmetallic constituents when present in the upper portion of the above range, may also form a network or reticulum entwined (intertwined) throughout the metallic reticulum.
  • Nonmetallic constituents when present in the lower portion of the above range, may be present, at least partly, in the form of isolated particles encased within or surrounded by the metallic reticulum.
  • the metallic component forms the anchoring und holding matrix or reticulum, while the nonmetallic component is distributed uniformly throughout this reticulum either as a second reticulum or as discrete particles.
  • the metallic constituent generally has a specific gravity averaging about one and one-half to about four times that of the nonmetallic.
  • the volume ratio of nonmetallic particles to metallic particles is about 2.5 to 1 in our usual formulations.
  • the metallic constituent comprises 85% by weight of the coating composition, then the volume ratio of nonmetallics to metallics is about 1 to 2.5.
  • compositions utilize at least as part of the metallic and nonmetallic constituents a composite nickel and graphite powder in which grains of nickel encapsulate graphite powder, the graphite comprising either about 15 or about 25 percent of the combined weight.
  • composite nickel and graphite powders are available commercially, for example from Bay State Abrasives of Westborough, Massachusetts.
  • compositions utilize at least as part of the metallic and nonmetallic constituents a composite nickel and graphite powder in which grains of nickel encapsulate graphite powder, the graphite comprising either about 15 or about 25 percent of the combined weight.
  • composite nickel and graphite powders are available commercially, for example from Bay State Abrasives of Westborough, Massachusetts.
  • metals, alloys, or nonmetallic refractories for example, silica or alumina could be suitable as constituents in the fusion-bonded, accessible-porosity, matrix coating provided by the present invention.
  • the critical properties to be looked for in metals and alloys are set forth explicitly in greater detail above. They have suitable heat resistance and resistance to thermal cycling, bonding compatibility with low-carbon steel belts, a modicum of ductility, thermal expansion rates that are not too far different from those of the nonmetallic constituents included, and oxidation resistance if oxyacetylene flame spraying is to be the method of application.
  • a presently preferred insulative material for use at least as part of the nonmetallic constituent is zirconium oxide, Zr0 2 , also called zirconia, which is used in powdered form, preferably of particle size running from 0.0005 to 0.0014 of an inch (12 to 36 micrometers).
  • This zirconia nonmetallic constituent has the advantage that its coefficient of expansion more closely approximates that of steel and nickel than some other available metallic oxides which have a lower coefficient of expansion.
  • Yttria yttrium oxide, Y 2 0 3
  • Yttria yttrium oxide, Y 2 0 3
  • Other metallic oxides may also be used for this heat-stabilizing purpose, notably magnesia (MgO) and lime (CaO).
  • MgO magnesia
  • CaO lime
  • economical lime calcium oxide
  • It is normally an ingredient in purchased zirconia, comprising about 4 to 5 percent by weight of the zirconia.
  • the particles or powder of the nonmetallic component are thoroughly mixed and blended with the powdered metallic component, and the resulting mixture is thermal-sprayed directly onto the grit-blasted surface of the belt. Segregation of the mixed powders during application must be avoided.
  • the zirconia powder is preferably of fine particle size, sufficiently fine to pass through a screen having 300 or more wires per inch.
  • the zirconia powder is preferably of fine particle size, sufficiently fine to pass through a screen having 300 or more wires per inch.
  • the finished unitary-layer, fusion-bonded, matrix coating should be brushed and dusted or vacuum cleaned before use.
  • Graphite is a highly heat-resistant separating agent which sublimes at about 3700°C. without melting. It is a useful nonmetallic constituent for the reason that it is non-wetting with respect to nearly all molten metals. Moreover, should particles of graphite get into the metallic product, its softness, friability, lubricity, and inertness forestall most of the problems associated with the incidental inclusion of foreign substances. Under the pressure of rolling or drawing, graphite particles break or divide into progressively finer particles.
  • the weight percent of aluminum is shown in the range 0 to 35, but the upper end of this range is subject to the limitation that the ratio of aluminum to nickel does not significantly exceed a one-to-one atomic ratio. Since the ratio of the atomic weight of aluminum to that of nickel is about 41 %, the weight percent of aluminum in the above Example does not significantly exceed about 41 % of the weight percent of nickel in this formulation.
  • Magnesium zirconate can be substituted partially or fully for both a corresponding weight percent of zirconia and its proportionate weight percent of the heat-stabilizing agent Calcium Oxide in each of the foregoing Examples I-IX.
  • Formulations a, d, e and f of Table A above, each modified to include at least about 0.25% by weight of spherical fumed silica as a lubricant, are further Examples suitable for forming fusion-bonded matrix coatings on flexible casting belts.
  • the preferred minimum deposited thickness of the fusion-bonded matrix protective insulating coating for use on flexible metal continuous casting belts 10, 20 is about 0.002 inch (0.05 mm), said minimum measurement being the thickness over the generality of the peaks of the underlying grit-blasted belt surface, which is the way a magnetic thickness gauge normally measures.
  • advantages may be obtained by using matrix coatings as thin as about 0.0015 inch (0.038 mm).
  • the accuracy with which insulation can be applied and controlled with these thermally sprayed fusion-bonded matrix belt coatings is not only a desirable feature in itself but, further, it enables planned proportioning of insulation between belts 10, 20 and edge dams 16, 18. That is, it enables the attainment of optimum comparative heat flux density through the belts 10, 20 as compared to heat flux into the edge dams 16, 18.
  • the accurate proportioning of the density of heat flux between the broad belt surfaces on the one hand, and the relatively narrower moving edge dams on the other, is of importance in producing cast slab of first-class metallurgical quality where the thickness is greater than 1/4 of an inch (6 mm); see U.S Patent Application, Serial No. 493,359, filed May 10, 1983, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The theory therein may explain the importance of proportioning the density of heat flux between the wide belt mold surfaces and the narrow edge dam mold surfaces.
  • the thickness of coatings on the belts may be adjusted as compared to that same coating composition on the blocks of the edge dams.
  • Metals are usually better thermal conductors than non-metals; hence the ratio of metal to non-metal in the fusion-bonded matrix coating may be adjusted to control conductivity.
  • the thermal conductivity of nichrome 80% Ni, 20% Cr by wt.
  • the metallic constituents themselves in the matrix coatings can be selected according to thermal conductivity or insulative value, and adjusting the content of metals of relatively low thermal conductivity to the content of metals of higher thermal conductivity.
  • the conductivity of nichrome is on the order of about one-fourth that of nickel or of some low alloys of nickel.
  • the present invention may be applied to edge-dam blocks in themselves, in order to achieve advantages generally similar to those attained with belts.
  • more insulation will generally be required on the edge-dam blocks than on the adjacent casting belts. This difference will ordinarily be achieved through applying a greater thickness of thermally-sprayed, fusion-bonded matrix coating insulating material, though composition ratios for adjusting and proportioning heat flux may be used.
  • the present invention of thermally spraying a unitary-coat fusion-bonded matrix protective coating of powder mixtures of heat-resistant metallic and refractory non-metallic components is capable of meeting all of the following essential or desirable conditions.
  • the fusion-bonded matrix coating (1) is adherent to the flexible base metal of the belt or to edge-dam blocks; (2) provides adequate thermal insulation; (3) is resistant to mechanical damage,-i.e., spalling flake-off or abrasion; (4) is resistant to thermal shock; (5) affords an acceptable often attractive surface finish on the cast product; (6) is acceptably non-wetting with respect to molten metal cast; (8) affords accurate proportioning of insulation between the belts and the edge dams; (9) has desirable accessible porosity throughout the matrix coating; (10) is compatible, because of surface characteristics, with additional minimally applied temporary top-coatings, such as oil or graphite or a combination; and (11) can be applied practically by means of a readily constructed and readily operated machine as described.
  • the user may find it desirable or may wish to apply a temporary top coating over the fusion-bonded matrix coated belts.
  • a temporary coating of colloidal graphite applied and dried from an aqueous or solvent solution has been found suitable for use on such matrix coated belts for casting copper product P.
  • diatomaceous silica may be included in this temporary top-coating.
  • a trace of oil appears to be desirable and may be sprayed onto the fusion-bonded matrix coating of a new belt in minute quantities, however not enough to appear wet or to result in any decomposition of the oil.
  • Example I In an early test of casting of copper bar, the matrix coating of Example I was used on a top belt 20 only. The thickness was around 0.0508 mm (0.002 of an inch) on a hard-rolled, low-carbon titanium steel belt 1.12 mm (0.044 of an inch) thick. This cast was stopped after three hours, for reasons not related to the belt coating, which was still in excellent condition. No precoat of graphite was used at first, and a little pickup of copper was experienced. The next cast on this top belt ran 24 hours with two interruptions not related to the belt coating. The quantity of oil applied onto the belts was reduced as compared with conventional practice in casting copper bar in a twin-belt machine, with good results. The test was terminated after 24 hours due to reasons not related to the belt coating.
  • Example I matrix coated low-carbon-steel upper belt 20 of No. 2 temper, no titanium content The results were just as good as with the titanium-steel belt, and such good results were not expected, because such good results were contrary to previous experience in attempting to cast copper bar on such a non-titanium-containing steel belt.
  • a further copper bar casting test was conducted with a fusion-bonded matrix coating according to Example III. This coating was applied onto low-carbon, hard-rolled titanium steel belts of 1.12 mm (0.044 inch) thickness. This time, such fusion-bonded matrix coated belts were used both as the top and bottom belts 20 and 10. Oil was lightly sprayed onto the bottom belt. After an initial light application of oil on the top belt, it was only necessary to wipe the top belt perhaps three times an hour, in order to dislodge slight pickup. Results were the best ever, including the longest belt life which we have seen for casting copper. Belt life, top and bottom, was increased by a margin of nearly 2 to 1.
  • an endless flexible casting belt having a fusion-bonded matrix coating thereon in accordance with this invention will be capable of repeatedly flexing around a pulley roll having a diameter of 20 inches (508 mm) without occurrence of flaking or spalling of said coating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP84113365A 1983-11-07 1984-11-06 Matrix coating flexible casting belts, method & apparatus for making matrix coatings Expired - Lifetime EP0144769B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88111414T ATE92788T1 (de) 1983-11-07 1984-11-06 Apparat zur herstellung einer grundmassenbeschichtung.
AT84113365T ATE60628T1 (de) 1983-11-07 1984-11-06 Matrixschicht auf biegsamen giessbaendern, verfahren und vorrichtung zur bildung der matrixschichten.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US549752 1983-11-07
US06/549,652 US4487157A (en) 1983-11-07 1983-11-07 Machine for producing insulative and protective coatings on endless flexible metallic belts of continuous casting machines
US06/549,653 US4487790A (en) 1983-11-07 1983-11-07 Laterally floating thermal spray gun traversing apparatus and system for laterally tracking a revolving casting belt being thermal spray coated
US549653 1983-11-07
US06/549,752 US4588021A (en) 1983-11-07 1983-11-07 Matrix coatings on endless flexible metallic belts for continuous casting machines method of forming such coatings and the coated belts
US549652 1983-11-07

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EP0144769A1 EP0144769A1 (en) 1985-06-19
EP0144769B1 true EP0144769B1 (en) 1991-01-30

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EP88111414A Expired - Lifetime EP0304607B1 (en) 1983-11-07 1984-11-06 Apparatus for making matrix coatings
EP84113365A Expired - Lifetime EP0144769B1 (en) 1983-11-07 1984-11-06 Matrix coating flexible casting belts, method & apparatus for making matrix coatings

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KR (1) KR930002544B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU572907B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8405652A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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DE (3) DE3484051D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (2) ES8608056A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI844352L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO168995C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4418517C1 (de) * 1994-05-27 1995-07-20 Difk Deutsches Inst Fuer Feuer Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verschließschicht und ihre Verwendung

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE3926077A1 (de) * 1989-08-07 1991-02-14 Peter Prof Dr Greil Keramische verbundkoerper und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
WO1994011117A1 (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-05-26 Paton Tek, Inc. Method for applying nonmetal coatings to the surface of a part
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0304607A2 (en) 1989-03-01
FI844352A7 (fi) 1985-05-08
ES8702179A1 (es) 1986-12-16
PL250296A1 (en) 1985-07-16
EP0304607B1 (en) 1993-08-11
EP0144769A1 (en) 1985-06-19
DE3486201D1 (de) 1993-09-16
DE144769T1 (de) 1986-05-22
AU572907B2 (en) 1988-05-19
NO844412L (no) 1985-05-08
NO168995C (no) 1992-04-29
BR8405652A (pt) 1985-09-10
FI844352L (fi) 1985-05-08
NO168995B (no) 1992-01-20
AU3487084A (en) 1985-05-16
ES8608056A1 (es) 1986-06-01
FI844352A0 (fi) 1984-11-06
ES547015A0 (es) 1986-12-16
DE3484051D1 (de) 1991-03-07
ZM6984A1 (en) 1986-05-28
CA1235565A (en) 1988-04-26
CA1255875C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-06-20
KR930002544B1 (ko) 1993-04-03
EP0304607A3 (en) 1989-11-02
KR850004030A (ko) 1985-07-01
ES537411A0 (es) 1986-06-01

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