EP0144747A2 - Batterie de stockage d'énergie fonctionnant à température élevée - Google Patents

Batterie de stockage d'énergie fonctionnant à température élevée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144747A2
EP0144747A2 EP84113254A EP84113254A EP0144747A2 EP 0144747 A2 EP0144747 A2 EP 0144747A2 EP 84113254 A EP84113254 A EP 84113254A EP 84113254 A EP84113254 A EP 84113254A EP 0144747 A2 EP0144747 A2 EP 0144747A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
memory cells
storage battery
cells
temperature storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84113254A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0144747B1 (fr
EP0144747A3 (en
Inventor
Jens Christian Jessen
Dieter Hasenauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ASEA BROWN BOVERI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Original Assignee
Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany, BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany filed Critical Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
Priority to AT84113254T priority Critical patent/ATE50380T1/de
Publication of EP0144747A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144747A2/fr
Publication of EP0144747A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144747A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0144747B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144747B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
    • H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
    • H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-temperature storage battery according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such high-temperature storage batteries which are constructed using electrochemical storage cells, are increasingly being used for the electric drive of vehicles.
  • the S D In order to be able to accommodate the aforementioned number of storage cells in the interior of such a high-temperature storage battery, special holders are required.
  • the S D In order for the memory cell can be sufficiently cooled with a cooling medium, in particular air, the S D must Eicher cells arranged so that the cooling medium can reach the memory cells.
  • a high-temperature storage battery which is made up of several modules.
  • Each module contains at least 16 memory cells.
  • the memory cells of each module are cantilevered supported, ie Eicher cells between the inner boundary wall of the high-temperature storage battery and the upper and lower end surfaces of the S D are free spaces provided through which can flow a cooling medium.
  • a clamping element is placed around the upper and lower end of each memory cell and is firmly connected to the respective clamping element of the adjacent memory cells. Insulation is arranged between each clamping element and the memory cell.
  • the memory cells of each module are held together via the clamping elements in such a way that free spaces remain between the memory cells, between which the cooling medium can flow.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of optimizing the mounting of the storage cells in a high-temperature storage battery in such a way that the storage cells can be arranged in a denser packing than previously, but a reduction in the cooling of the storage cells is excluded.
  • a mat made of mica is preferably used, which is placed between two modules.
  • the memory cells of each module are arranged so that between adjacent storage cells are formed free spaces that extend over the entire length of the storage cells and allow the passage of a cooling medium, preferably the passage of cooling air.
  • the modules are held in such a way that free spaces are formed between the upper and lower end faces of the storage cells, through which cooling air can also flow.
  • the cooling air flowing through the free spaces is introduced into the free spaces located between the memory cells of the modules.
  • the introduction takes place, for example, from the free space arranged above the memory cells.
  • the cooling air passed between the storage cells is then discharged via the lower free space.
  • the dimensions of the free spaces between the memory cells of a module are so large that there is no drop in pressure of the cooling air within the respective free space.
  • the cell housing of each memory cell is constructed in several parts and is also made of different materials.
  • an insulating material in particular a mica tube, is arranged between the housing elements.
  • the inner housing element is made of aluminum or another metallic material.
  • the outer housing element can be made of steel, dispersion-hardened aluminum, titanium or nickel. A particularly low temperature difference along the storage cell is achieved if the inner housing element is made of aluminum, the outer housing element is made of steel and one of the above between the two Insulation described is arranged. The insulation dampens the cooling.
  • each memory cell can be individually removed from a module and reinserted.
  • Each module can be removed from the high-temperature storage battery and reinserted independently of the neighboring modules.
  • FIG. 1 shows two memory cells 1 and 50, both are constructed identically, so that only the structure of the memory cell 1 is explained in more detail.
  • the storage cell 1 is bounded on the outside by a metallic housing 2 which is cup-shaped.
  • the metallic housing 2 comprises an inner housing element 2I and an outer housing element 2A. Between the inner and the outer casing member 21, 2 A, insulation is arranged 2G.
  • the insulation is formed by a mica sleeve.
  • the inner housing element 2I is cup-shaped and preferably made of aluminum. Its dimensions are chosen so that the insulation 2G can be arranged between it and the outer housing element 2A. According to the invention, it is also possible to form the insulation 2G by means of a corresponding coating which is applied to the inner surfaces of the outer housing element 2A or to the connection surfaces of the inner housing element 2I.
  • the outer housing element 2A is formed in several parts.
  • the outer housing element comprises a cylindrical shell 2H and 2 disks 2S.
  • the cylindrical casing 2H delimits the inner housing element 2I in the region of its side faces, while the two disks 2S close the storage cell at their upper and lower ends.
  • the casing 2H and the two disks 2S are preferably made of steel. However, they can also be made from dispersion-hardened aluminum, titanium or nickel.
  • the inner casing member 21 serves to lead the elec - trical current, while the outer housing member 2A accepts a pure support function for the inner housing member.
  • the outer housing element 2A is of very thin-walled design.
  • the cylindrical shell 2H and the two panes 2S have a wall thickness of approximately 0.2 mm.
  • the likewise cup-shaped solid electrolyte 3 Arranged in the interior of the storage cell 1 is the likewise cup-shaped solid electrolyte 3, the dimensions of which are selected such that a continuous space is formed all around between it and the inner housing element 21, which serves as a cathode space 4 in the exemplary embodiment shown here. This is filled with a graphite which is saturated with sulfur (not shown here).
  • the inner region of the solid electrolyte 3 serves as an anode space and, in the exemplary embodiment shown here, contains liquid sodium (not shown here).
  • the solid electrolyte is connected at the upper end to an insulating ring 6, which is made of alpha aluminum oxide.
  • the insulating ring 6 is connected to the solid electrolyte 3 via a glass solder (not shown here).
  • the insulating ring 6 is designed so that it forms an outwardly facing flange.
  • the lateral boundary surfaces of the insulating ring 6 are firmly connected to the inner housing element 21, in particular to the inner surfaces thereof. The connection between the insulating ring 6 and the inner
  • Housing element 21 can be produced, for example, by means of thermal compression.
  • the anode compartment 5 is closed by an insulating disk 7, which rests on the insulating ring 6.
  • the disk 2S belonging to the outer housing element 2A which forms the closure of the storage cell to the outside and at the same time serves as a supporting element, is placed on this insulating disk 7.
  • the insulating washer 7 can be made of mica, for example.
  • the disc 2S is made of the same material as the other parts of the outer housing element 2A.
  • an insulating washer 7 is placed against the bottom of the inner housing element 2I and is made of mica, for example.
  • the disk 2S which belongs to the outer housing element 2A and has a supporting function, is arranged under this mica disk.
  • These two disks 2S, 7 are held by a safety ring 8, which is provided with projections on its circumference.
  • the inner surface of the casing 2H is provided with recesses at corresponding points, into which the projections of the ring 8 can be snapped.
  • the two disks 2S and 7 are held by the inwardly flanged sleeve 2H.
  • the flanging is not as wide at this end as at the upper end of the memory cell, so that there is the possibility of loosening the locking ring 8, removing the two disks 2S and 7 and the inner housing element 2I together with the solid electrolyte arranged therein 3 take out.
  • the cathodic terminal is p ol 9K and the anodic A nschlußpol 9 A provided via which the memory cell 1 is connected electrically conductively connected to another memory cell 50th
  • the memory cell 1 can 2 A about their outer housing element, particularly the sheath 2H are firmly connected to other memory cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows a further memory cell 50 which is designed in the same way as memory cell 1.
  • the two memory cells 1 and 50 are at the upper and lower ends of their two shells 2H by spot welds 10 firmly connected. It is a purely mechanical connection. Since insulation is arranged between the outer housing element 2A and the inner housing element 21, the two storage cells 1 and 50 are not electrically connected to one another by the spot welding 10.
  • FIG. 11 Such a module 11 is shown in FIG.
  • the module 11 shown here comprises 16 memory cells 1 and 50.
  • the memory cells are arranged such that the module 11 has an extension in the longitudinal direction.
  • the memory cells are arranged such that two memory cells 1, 50 are positioned in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the module 11.
  • the next pair of memory cells 1 and 50 is positioned so that the memory cells 1 and 50 are set to gap, i. H. that it is at least partially inserted into the depression formed between the first two memory cells 1 and 50.
  • the four storage cells 1, 50 are mechanically connected to one another in the upper and lower region of their envelopes 2H by spot welds 10 (not shown here).
  • a further pair of memory cells 1 and 50 is connected to the two memory cells 1 and 50, a memory cell 1.50 again being set to a gap, while the second memory cell 1, 50 is arranged somewhat decomposed to this gap.
  • directly adjacent memory cells 1, 50 are also connected via their outer housing elements 24.
  • the holding elements are W-shaped holding elements 12, 13, which partially include the memory cells 1 and 50, which are arranged at the ends of the module.
  • the holding elements 12 and 13 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the pair of memory cells 1, 50 located here. They are preferably on the outer housing elements. of these memory cells 1, 50 welded.
  • FIG. 3 shows a high-temperature SD storage battery which is constructed from the modules 11 according to the invention.
  • the high-temperature thermal storage battery is formed by a double-walled housing 20 which is made of metal.
  • the distances between the outer housing wall 20A and the inner housing wall 20I are selected so that a space remains between them, which can be filled with an insulating material (not shown here).
  • the interior of the housing 20 serves to accommodate the memory cells.
  • the modules 11 used to construct the high-temperature storage battery are arranged within a box-shaped holding frame 21, which can be inserted into the interior of the housing 20 like a drawer and can also be removed in a corresponding manner.
  • the insulating layer 25 extends over the entire length of the modules 11. Its height is adapted to the height of the storage cells 1.
  • the insulating layer 25 is preferably formed from a mica or glass fiber film.
  • the memory cells of the row 70 are surrounded on both sides by a thin plate 71 and 72, the height of the two plates 70 and 71 being adapted to the height of the memory cells.
  • the two plates are made of steel, for example. They can also be made from another temperature-resistant material.
  • the two plates 71 and 72 are shaped such that they completely enclose each memory cell 1 over half its circumference.
  • the two plates 71 and 72 are joined together by spot welding 10 between two successive memory cells.
  • the two plates 71 and 72 are also connected to one another, so that the storage cells 1 located at the ends are also surrounded by the two plates 71 and 72 in an envelope-like manner.
  • the memory cells of the row 80 are surrounded in the same way as the memory cells of the row 70 by two plates 71 and 72, which form the outer housing elements 2A of the memory cells 1.
  • the inner housing elements of the memory cells 1 are made of aluminum and are constructed in the same way as the inner housing elements of the memory cells shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the upper and lower limits of the memory cells 1 are again formed by a disk 2S, which is made of the same material as the plates 71 and 72.
  • the disks 2S are not held in here by the flanging of the outer housing elements, but rather by a safety ring 8, as shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and explained in the associated description is.
  • the safety rings 8 are also provided with projections, which are arranged on their circumference. The projections (not shown here) are snapped into recesses which are located in the inner surfaces of the plates 71 and 72.
  • each memory cell has electrical connection elements 9A and 9K, via which each memory cell can be electrically connected to the adjacent memory cells.
  • two brackets 12 and 13 are in turn provided, by means of which the module can be self-supporting within the high-temperature storage battery (not shown here).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
EP84113254A 1983-11-09 1984-11-03 Batterie de stockage d'énergie fonctionnant à température élevée Expired - Lifetime EP0144747B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84113254T ATE50380T1 (de) 1983-11-09 1984-11-03 Hochtemperatur-speicherbatterie.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3340425 1983-11-09
DE3340425A DE3340425C2 (de) 1983-11-09 1983-11-09 Hochtemperatur-Speicherbatterie auf der Basis von Alkalimetall und Chalkogen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144747A2 true EP0144747A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144747A3 EP0144747A3 (en) 1987-02-04
EP0144747B1 EP0144747B1 (fr) 1990-02-07

Family

ID=6213796

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84113254A Expired - Lifetime EP0144747B1 (fr) 1983-11-09 1984-11-03 Batterie de stockage d'énergie fonctionnant à température élevée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4546056A (fr)
EP (1) EP0144747B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60119084A (fr)
AT (1) ATE50380T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3340425C2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2595009A1 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-08-28 Comp Generale Electricite Batterie d'accumulateurs sodium-soufre pour applications spatiales
EP0320831A2 (fr) * 1987-12-16 1989-06-21 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Batterie de stockage d'énergie à température élevée
EP2590241A1 (fr) * 2011-05-30 2013-05-08 Panasonic Corporation Bloc de cellules et son procédé de fabrication

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JPS61131375A (ja) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-19 Hitachi Ltd ナトリウム−硫黄電池集合体
EP0521944A1 (fr) * 1990-03-15 1993-01-13 Silent Power Gmbh Für Energiespeichertechnik Dispositif de transformation d'energie a base de metal alcalin
GB9110403D0 (en) * 1991-05-14 1991-07-03 Chloride Silent Power Ltd Battery spiders
US5432017A (en) * 1992-09-14 1995-07-11 Motorola, Inc. Battery pack and method of forming same
US6093504A (en) * 1996-12-03 2000-07-25 Bliesner; Wayne Thomas Electro-chemical-thermal rechargeable energy storage cell (ECT cell)
US6383360B1 (en) * 1997-11-24 2002-05-07 Wayne Thomas Bliesner Electrode and method for use in an electrolysis cell
US20060113965A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Yoon-Cheol Jeon Secondary battery module
KR100590017B1 (ko) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-14 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차 전지 모듈
JP5088688B2 (ja) * 2005-09-30 2012-12-05 Ｔｄｋラムダ株式会社 電池パック
US20100028764A1 (en) * 2006-09-18 2010-02-04 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg Modular battery unit
US20080280198A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Ajith Kuttannair Kumar Battery mechanical packaging
CN105269876A (zh) 2010-11-19 2016-01-27 尤尼弗瑞克斯I有限责任公司 防火层和防火膜层压板
JP5221820B1 (ja) * 2011-05-30 2013-06-26 パナソニック株式会社 電池ブロックおよびその製造方法
CN104813535B (zh) * 2012-09-04 2017-04-19 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电池块及其制造方法
US9012060B2 (en) 2012-12-26 2015-04-21 General Electric Company System and method for battery insulation
US20180309107A1 (en) * 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 Unifrax I Llc Insulation barrier for electrochemical battery and electrochemical battery including same

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FR2305034A1 (fr) * 1975-03-17 1976-10-15 Comp Generale Electricite Batterie sodium-soufre, notamment pour traction electrique
GB1604038A (en) * 1978-05-26 1981-12-02 Ching Wa Pun Electrochemical power supplies
EP0064738A1 (fr) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Batterie fonctionnant à haute température

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GB1097615A (en) * 1965-07-16 1968-01-03 Standard Oil Co An electrical energy storage device
US3823037A (en) * 1972-07-20 1974-07-09 Atomic Energy Commission Implantable battery
FR2305034A1 (fr) * 1975-03-17 1976-10-15 Comp Generale Electricite Batterie sodium-soufre, notamment pour traction electrique
GB1604038A (en) * 1978-05-26 1981-12-02 Ching Wa Pun Electrochemical power supplies
EP0064738A1 (fr) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Batterie fonctionnant à haute température

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2595009A1 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-08-28 Comp Generale Electricite Batterie d'accumulateurs sodium-soufre pour applications spatiales
EP0237828A2 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-09-23 Alcatel Batterie d'accumulateurs sodium-soufre pour applications spatiales
EP0237828A3 (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-03-30 Compagnie Generale D'electricite Societe Anonyme Dite: Battery of sodium-sulphur accumulators for spatial applications
EP0320831A2 (fr) * 1987-12-16 1989-06-21 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Batterie de stockage d'énergie à température élevée
EP0320831A3 (fr) * 1987-12-16 1990-03-07 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Batterie de stockage d'énergie à température élevée
EP2590241A1 (fr) * 2011-05-30 2013-05-08 Panasonic Corporation Bloc de cellules et son procédé de fabrication
EP2590241A4 (fr) * 2011-05-30 2013-12-18 Panasonic Corp Bloc de cellules et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4546056A (en) 1985-10-08
DE3340425C2 (de) 1987-04-02
EP0144747B1 (fr) 1990-02-07
ATE50380T1 (de) 1990-02-15
EP0144747A3 (en) 1987-02-04
JPH0533505B2 (fr) 1993-05-19
JPS60119084A (ja) 1985-06-26
DE3340425A1 (de) 1985-05-15

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