EP0143414B1 - Pelletizing machine - Google Patents

Pelletizing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0143414B1
EP0143414B1 EP84113946A EP84113946A EP0143414B1 EP 0143414 B1 EP0143414 B1 EP 0143414B1 EP 84113946 A EP84113946 A EP 84113946A EP 84113946 A EP84113946 A EP 84113946A EP 0143414 B1 EP0143414 B1 EP 0143414B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
teeth
matrix
press rolls
die
press
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84113946A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0143414B2 (en
EP0143414A2 (en
EP0143414A3 (en
Inventor
Volker Benson
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Blohm and Voss GmbH
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Blohm and Voss GmbH
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Priority to AT84113946T priority Critical patent/ATE40076T1/en
Publication of EP0143414A2 publication Critical patent/EP0143414A2/en
Publication of EP0143414A3 publication Critical patent/EP0143414A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0143414B1 publication Critical patent/EP0143414B1/en
Publication of EP0143414B2 publication Critical patent/EP0143414B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/221—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor extrusion dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/34—Heating or cooling presses or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pelletizing machine in which press rolls roll on a flat, perforated die.
  • Pelleting machines are used to compress and extrude various types of material under the pressure of rolls, the strands being broken or cut into pellets.
  • the material is partially compacted before it is pressed into the through holes and in many cases also involves crushing and mixing the components. Crushing is particularly necessary for waste that e.g. B. contain paper, textiles, plastics, straw and other parts of plants or consist of such.
  • the press rolls have already been provided with blind holes or with transverse grooves, it could happen that the material was not drawn into the press nip between press roll and die or that the press rolls, which are usually freely rotatable on the pan head, were compacted by means of a compact structure Material layer slid away.
  • a pelletizing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (US-A-3 063 361).
  • the die is formed with a flat surface in which a plurality of through holes are provided.
  • the surface of the press roller has a corresponding number of projections which have the form of stamps which push the material to be pelletized through the through holes of the die. Only the material to be pelletized is perforated, with material accumulating around the through holes.
  • a stamping effect occurs; there is no crushing, shearing, compacting and moving material.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing press rollers and die in such a way that the drawing of the material into the press nip and the comminution between press rolls and die and also the passage of the material through the die are improved.
  • the surfaces of the press rolls and die are provided with teeth.
  • the teeth on the press rollers are designed so that they grip the supplied material and at least partially press between the teeth of the die and in any case into the through holes between the teeth of the die.
  • the teeth also prevent the formation of a densified layer of material on the die above its through holes. Since the die and press rolls engage the teeth at least through the material enclosed between them, the press rolls are inevitably rotated when the pan head is driven with a fixed die or the die is rotated with a fixed pan head.
  • the die and press rolls are provided with a toothing as in the case of angular drives or bevel gears, the teeth of the press rolls pressing the material between the teeth of the die and into the through holes arranged there, and at the same time fibrous or flat material when being pressed between them Tear teeth and grind on the tooth flanks and on the base of the matrix.
  • the teeth do not need to run the entire length of the line of contact between the press roller and the die. Smooth surfaces of the roll and the die can also lie between them or next to them.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a pelletizing machine, the filling funnel partly. is cut away
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a section of the die and a press roller interacting with it and having a toothing according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a section as in Figure 2, but with widened teeth.
  • a drive for a vertical shaft is accommodated in a gear housing 1. These parts are not shown.
  • the vertical shaft rotates the pan head 2, on which 3 conical press rollers 4 are arranged on inclined axes, which are pressed by the pan head 2 against the flat die 5, which is firmly supported on the gear housing 1.
  • a pressure device 8 for the pan head 2 sits on the vertical shaft 7.
  • the press rolls 4 When the pan head 2 rotates, the press rolls 4, whose teeth also grip material of a coarse structure, roll on the die 5.
  • the space in which the press rollers 4 work is surrounded by a funnel 6, in which the material to be processed is poured in from above.
  • two press rolls 4 In the pelletizing machine shown, two press rolls 4 are shown. However, three or four press rolls can also be used.
  • a pelleting machine of the type shown with four Press rolls can be designed for a large material throughput and can be used for pelleting straw, for example.
  • both the die and the press rollers are provided with toothings which engage in one another, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the die 5 is composed of an upper part 51 and a lower part 52, which are secured against one another by pins 53 or in a similar manner.
  • the teeth 41 on the press roller 4 engage between the teeth 54 on the upper part 51.
  • the entry openings of the through holes 56, 57 are arranged between the teeth 54.
  • the through holes 57 are surrounded by ceramic bushings 58 in the region of the lower part 52.
  • the lower part 52 also contains channels 59 through which a heating or cooling medium can circulate.
  • the material falling on the press roller 4 or the die 5 is taken along by the teeth and compressed between teeth 41, 54. It is stretched and broken and rubbed between the tooth flanks, which destroys coarse structures.
  • the reduction in the free space between two flanks of the teeth 54 by the penetration of a tooth 41 creates a high pressure in the material, which is thereby pressed into the inlet opening 55 and further into the through hole 56, 57, where the pellet is formed and due to the friction is further solidified on the perforated wall.
  • the pressure applied during machining and the friction of the material on the surfaces of the die can lead to excessive heating. It can therefore be expedient to protect the die 5 from overheating by means of a coolant in the channels 59.
  • the introduction of a heating medium into the channels 59 can be expedient in order to soften material that solidifies or becomes very solid in the passages 56, 57 when the device is switched off before the machine is switched on again.
  • Ceramic bushings 58 are advantageous if the material to be machined contains aggressive constituents which attack the die, which is usually made of steel, and would produce a very rough surface of the through holes 57 at least after some time.
  • the channels 59 and the bushes 58 can be dispensed with, and the teeth and the size of the passages 56, 57 have to be adapted to the respective use.
  • the teeth prevent the material from jamming in front of the press rolls and improve the size reduction of the material.
  • the teeth 61 of the press roller 4 are widened to approximately twice the pitch.
  • a wide surface 63 corresponding to the tip circle of the teeth 61 can roll over several through holes 56 or over holes with a very large diameter and press the material into them.
  • the teeth 62 of the die 5 can have a width or pitch as in FIG. 2.
  • a large number of entry openings for the through holes into which the pre-comminuted and, if appropriate, previously ground and mixed material is pressed through the peripheral surface parts 63 can still be accommodated in the flat top side 64 of the die 5.
  • the design of the teeth and the holes should be selected according to the material being treated, although conical press rolls according to FIG. 1 are preferred for designs according to this example.
  • conical pressure rollers with a toothing of rollers and die as in FIG. 2 were used.
  • the outside diameter of the die was approx. 760 mm, the height of the teeth approx. 10 mm.
  • the die was tempered to prevent the material from melting and overheating.
  • dies with diameters of approximately 300 to 1600 mm can be used with correspondingly large press rolls, teeth with a particularly large height being usable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)

Abstract

1. A pelletizing apparatus with press rolls (4) which are disposed freely rotatable on a runner head (2) and which are provided with projections at their surfaces and pressed against the press rolls (4) with a horizontal, annular matrix (5) provided with passage holes (56, 57), characterized in that the surfaces of the press rolls (4) and the matrix (5) are provided with teeth (41, 54, 61, 62) meshing at least in part, and that the teeth (41, 61) of the press rolls (4) run over the inlet apertures (55) of the passage holes (56, 57) of the matrix (5).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Pelletiermaschine, bei der sich Pressrollen auf einer ebenen, gelochten Matrize abwälzen.The invention relates to a pelletizing machine in which press rolls roll on a flat, perforated die.

Pelletiermaschinen werden benutzt, um Material verschiedener Art unter dem Druck von Rollen zu verdichten und strangförmig auszupressen, wobei die Stränge zu Pellets zerbrochen oder zerschnitten werden. Die Verdichtung des Materials erfolgt teilweise schon vor dem Einpressen in die Durchgangslöcher und ist in vielen Fällen auch mit einem Zerkleinern und Mischen der Bestandteile verbunden. Eine Zerkleinerung ist insbesondere bei Abfällen notwendig, die z. B. Papier, Textilien, Kunststoffe, Stroh und anderen Pflanzenteile enthalten oder aus solchen bestehen. Obwohl die Pressrollen schon mit Sacklöchern oder mit Querrillen versehen wurden, konnte es bei Material von grober Struktur oder bei grosser Feuchtigkeit geschehen, dass das Material nicht in den Pressenspalt zwischen Pressrolle und Matrize eingezogen wurde oder die üblicherweise frei drehbar am Kollerkopf gelagerten Pressrollen über eine verdichtete Materialschicht hinwegglitten. Grossflächige oder langfaserige Bestandteile erfordern ausserdem eine verhältnismässig lange Bearbeitungszeit, ehe sie unter dem Druck der Pressrollen in die Durchgangslöcher eingedrückt werden können. Auch kann sich die durch den Pressendruck entstehende Erwärmung nachteilig auf den Pelletiervorgang bzw. auf das zu bearbeitende Material auswirken.Pelleting machines are used to compress and extrude various types of material under the pressure of rolls, the strands being broken or cut into pellets. The material is partially compacted before it is pressed into the through holes and in many cases also involves crushing and mixing the components. Crushing is particularly necessary for waste that e.g. B. contain paper, textiles, plastics, straw and other parts of plants or consist of such. Although the press rolls have already been provided with blind holes or with transverse grooves, it could happen that the material was not drawn into the press nip between press roll and die or that the press rolls, which are usually freely rotatable on the pan head, were compacted by means of a compact structure Material layer slid away. Large-area or long-fiber components also require a relatively long processing time before they can be pressed into the through holes under the pressure of the press rollers. The heating resulting from the press pressure can also have a disadvantageous effect on the pelleting process or on the material to be processed.

Es ist eine Pelletiermaschine gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bekannt (US-A-3 063 361). Bei dieser Pelletiermaschine ist jedoch die Matrize mit einer ebenen Oberfläche ausgebildet, in der eine Vielzahl von Durchgangslöchern vorhanden ist. Die Pressrolle weist an ihrer Oberfläche eine entsprechende Anzahl von Vorsprüngen auf, die die Form von Stempeln haben, die das zu pelletisierende Material durch die Durchgangslöcher der Matrize drücken. Dabei findet lediglich eine Perforation des zu pelletierenden Materials statt, wobei sich um die Durchgangslöcher herum Material aufstaut. Bei der bekannten Pelletiermaschine tritt lediglich ein Stempeleffekt auf, ein Zerkleinern, Scheren, Verdichten und Verschieben von Material findet nicht statt.A pelletizing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (US-A-3 063 361). However, in this pelletizing machine, the die is formed with a flat surface in which a plurality of through holes are provided. The surface of the press roller has a corresponding number of projections which have the form of stamps which push the material to be pelletized through the through holes of the die. Only the material to be pelletized is perforated, with material accumulating around the through holes. In the known pelletizing machine, only a stamping effect occurs; there is no crushing, shearing, compacting and moving material.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Pressrollen und Matrize so auszubilden, dass das Einziehen des Materials in den Pressspalt und die Zerkleinerung zwischen Pressrollen und Matrize sowie auch der Durchgang des Materials durch die Matrize verbessert werden.The invention is based on the object of designing press rollers and die in such a way that the drawing of the material into the press nip and the comminution between press rolls and die and also the passage of the material through the die are improved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind die Oberflächen von Pressrollen und Matrize mit Zähnen versehen. Die Zähne an den Pressrollen sind so ausgebildet, dass sie das zugeführte Material ergreifen und wenigstens teilweise zwischen die Zähne der Matrize und in jedem Fall in die Durchgangslöcher zwischen den Zähnen der Matrize drücken. Hierdurch wird das vor dem Pressenspalt liegende Material mit Sicherheit erfasst und zwischen Pressrolle und Matrize eingezogen. Die Zähne verhindern ausserdem die Entstehung einer verdichteten Materialschicht auf der Matrize über deren Durchgangslöchern. Da Matrize und Pressrollen mit den Zähnen wenigstens durch das zwischen ihnen eingeschlossene Material in Eingriff stehen, werden die Pressrollen zwangsläufig gedreht, wenn bei fester Matrize der Kollerkopf angetrieben oder bei festem Kollerkopf die Matrize gedreht wird.To accomplish this task, the surfaces of the press rolls and die are provided with teeth. The teeth on the press rollers are designed so that they grip the supplied material and at least partially press between the teeth of the die and in any case into the through holes between the teeth of the die. As a result, the material lying in front of the press nip is detected with certainty and drawn in between the press roll and the die. The teeth also prevent the formation of a densified layer of material on the die above its through holes. Since the die and press rolls engage the teeth at least through the material enclosed between them, the press rolls are inevitably rotated when the pan head is driven with a fixed die or the die is rotated with a fixed pan head.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung mit kegelförmigen Pressrollen sind Matrize und Pressrollen mit einer Verzahnung wie bei Winkeltrieben oder Kegelrädern versehen, wobei die Zähne der Pressrollen das Material zwischen die Zähne der Matrize und in die dort angeordneten Durchgangslöcher eindrücken und zugleich faseriges oder flächiges Material beim Eindrücken zwischen die Zähne zerreissen und an den Zahnflanken sowie auf der Grundfläche der Matrize zerreiben. Die Zähne brauchen nicht über die ganze Länge der Berührungslinie zwischen Pressrolle und Matrize laufen. Zwischen ihnen oder neben ihnen können auch glatte Flächen der Rolle und der Matrize liegen.In a preferred embodiment with conical press rolls, the die and press rolls are provided with a toothing as in the case of angular drives or bevel gears, the teeth of the press rolls pressing the material between the teeth of the die and into the through holes arranged there, and at the same time fibrous or flat material when being pressed between them Tear teeth and grind on the tooth flanks and on the base of the matrix. The teeth do not need to run the entire length of the line of contact between the press roller and the die. Smooth surfaces of the roll and the die can also lie between them or next to them.

Es ist an sich bekannt, die Matrize einer Pelletiermaschine zweiteilig auszugestalten (DE-A-1 777199).It is known per se to design the die of a pelletizing machine in two parts (DE-A-1 777199).

Es ist an sich bekannt, in den Durchgangslöchern, keramische Buchsen vorzusehen (DE-B-1 208 936).It is known per se to provide ceramic bushings in the through holes (DE-B-1 208 936).

Es ist an sich bekannt, die Matrize einer Pelletiermaschine mit Heiz- und Kühleinrichtungen zu versehen (DE-A-2 714 614, DE-A-2 002 638).It is known per se to provide the die of a pelleting machine with heating and cooling devices (DE-A-2 714 614, DE-A-2 002 638).

Auf den beigefügten Zeichnungen sind bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele vereinfacht dargestellt.Preferred exemplary embodiments are shown in simplified form in the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht auf eine Pelletiermaschine, wobei der Einfülltrichter z.T. weggeschnitten ist,FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a pelletizing machine, the filling funnel partly. is cut away

Figur 2 einen Schnitt durch einen Ausschnitt von der Matrize und einer mit ihr zusammenwirkenden Pressrolle mit einer Verzahnung gemäss Fig. 1,FIG. 2 shows a section through a section of the die and a press roller interacting with it and having a toothing according to FIG. 1,

Figur 3 einen Schnitt wie in Figur 2, jedoch mit verbreiterten Zähnen.3 shows a section as in Figure 2, but with widened teeth.

Bei der dargestellten Pelletiermaschine ist in einem Getriebegehäuse 1 ein Antrieb für eine Königswelle untergebracht. Diese Teile sind nicht gezeigt. Die Königswelle dreht den Kollerkopf 2, an dem auf geneigten Achsen 3 kegelförmige Pressrollen 4 angeordnet sind, die durch den Kollerkopf 2 gegen die ebene Matrize 5 gedrückt werden, die fest auf dem Getriebegehäuse 1 abgestützt ist. Auf der Königswelle 7 sitzt eine Andrückeinrichtung 8 für den Kollerkopf 2.In the pelletizing machine shown, a drive for a vertical shaft is accommodated in a gear housing 1. These parts are not shown. The vertical shaft rotates the pan head 2, on which 3 conical press rollers 4 are arranged on inclined axes, which are pressed by the pan head 2 against the flat die 5, which is firmly supported on the gear housing 1. A pressure device 8 for the pan head 2 sits on the vertical shaft 7.

Bei der Drehung des Kollerkopfes 2 wälzen sich die Pressrollen 4, deren Zähne auch Material von grober Struktur erfassen, auf der Matrize 5 ab. Der Raum, in dem die Pressrollen 4 arbeiten, ist von einem Trichter 6 umgeben, in dem das aufzubereitende Material von oben eingeschüttet wird. Bei der dargestellten Pelletiermaschine sind zwei Pressrollen 4 gezeigt. Es können aber auch drei oder vier Pressrollen verwendet werden. Eine Pelletiermaschine der dargestellten Art mit vier Pressrollen kann für einen grossen Materialdurchsatz ausgebildet sein und für die Pelletierung von beispielsweise Stroh verwendet werden.When the pan head 2 rotates, the press rolls 4, whose teeth also grip material of a coarse structure, roll on the die 5. The space in which the press rollers 4 work is surrounded by a funnel 6, in which the material to be processed is poured in from above. In the pelletizing machine shown, two press rolls 4 are shown. However, three or four press rolls can also be used. A pelleting machine of the type shown with four Press rolls can be designed for a large material throughput and can be used for pelleting straw, for example.

Erfindungsgemäss sind bei diesem Beispiel sowohl die Matrize als auch die Pressrollen mit Verzahnungen versehen, die ineinander eingreifen, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt ist.According to the invention, in this example both the die and the press rollers are provided with toothings which engage in one another, as shown in FIG. 2.

Die Matrize 5 ist aus einem Oberteil 51 und einem Unterteil 52 zusammengesetzt, die durch Stifte 53 oder in ähnlicher Weise gegeneinander gesichert sind. Die Zähne 41 an der Pressrolle 4 greifen zwischen die Zähne 54 an dem Oberteil 51. Zwischen den Zähnen 54 sind die Eintrittsöffnungen der Durchgangslöcher 56, 57 angeordnet. Im Bereich des Unterteils 52 sind die Durchgangslöcher 57 von keramischen Buchsen 58 umgeben. Das Unterteil 52 enthält ausserdem Kanäle 59, durch die ein Heiz- oder Kühlmittel zirkulieren kann.The die 5 is composed of an upper part 51 and a lower part 52, which are secured against one another by pins 53 or in a similar manner. The teeth 41 on the press roller 4 engage between the teeth 54 on the upper part 51. The entry openings of the through holes 56, 57 are arranged between the teeth 54. The through holes 57 are surrounded by ceramic bushings 58 in the region of the lower part 52. The lower part 52 also contains channels 59 through which a heating or cooling medium can circulate.

Das auf die Pressrolle 4 oder die Matrize 5 fallende Material wird von den Zähnen mitgenommen und zwischen Zähnen 41, 54 zusammengedrückt. Es wird dabei gedehnt und gebrochen sowie zwischen den Zahnflanken zerrieben, wodurch grobe Strukturen zerstört werden. Die Verminderung des freien Raumes zwischen zwei Flanken der Zähne 54 durch das Eindringen eines Zahnes 41 erzeugt einen hohen Druck in dem Material, das hierdurch in die Eintrittsöffnung 55 und weiter in das Durchgangsloch 56, 57 gepresst wird, wo das Pellet geformt und infolge der Reibung an der Lochwand noch weiter verfestigt wird.The material falling on the press roller 4 or the die 5 is taken along by the teeth and compressed between teeth 41, 54. It is stretched and broken and rubbed between the tooth flanks, which destroys coarse structures. The reduction in the free space between two flanks of the teeth 54 by the penetration of a tooth 41 creates a high pressure in the material, which is thereby pressed into the inlet opening 55 and further into the through hole 56, 57, where the pellet is formed and due to the friction is further solidified on the perforated wall.

Der während der Bearbeitung angewendete Druck und die Reibung des Materials an den Flächen der Matrize können zu einer starken Erwärmung führen. Es kann daher zweckmässig sein, die Matrize 5 durch ein Kühlmittel in den Kanälen 59 vor einer Überhitzung zu schützen. Die Einleitung eines Heizmittels in die Kanäle 59 kann zweckmässig sein, um Material, das bei Abstellen der Vorrichtung in den Durchgängen 56, 57 erstarrt oder sehr fest wird, vor dem erneuten Anstellen der Maschine aufzuweichen.The pressure applied during machining and the friction of the material on the surfaces of the die can lead to excessive heating. It can therefore be expedient to protect the die 5 from overheating by means of a coolant in the channels 59. The introduction of a heating medium into the channels 59 can be expedient in order to soften material that solidifies or becomes very solid in the passages 56, 57 when the device is switched off before the machine is switched on again.

Keramische Buchsen 58 sind vorteilhaft, wenn das zu bearbeitende Material aggressive Bestandteile enthält, die die üblicherweise aus Stahl bestehende Matrize angreifen und dabei wenigstens nach einiger Zeit eine sehr rauhe Oberfläche der Durchgangslöcher 57 erzeugen würden.Ceramic bushings 58 are advantageous if the material to be machined contains aggressive constituents which attack the die, which is usually made of steel, and would produce a very rough surface of the through holes 57 at least after some time.

Zwischen den Zähnen 41 und 54 sowie an den Eintrittsöffnungen 55 kann durch die Reibung des bearbeiteten Materials ein verhältnismässig grosser Verschleiss auftreten, der jedoch das Zusammenwirken der Zähne nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt, da ein Antrieb der frei drehbaren Presswalze 4 durch die Verzahnung nur eine Nebenwirkung ist, und ein ausreichendes Pressen des Materials auch noch bei verhältnismässig grossem Spiel zwischen den Zähnen erfolgt. Trotzdem ist es zweckmässig, das Oberteil 51 der Matrize als das Teil, an dem der grösste Verschleiss auftritt, leicht auswechselbar mit dem Unterteil 52 zu verbinden, welches die Druckkräfte der Pressrollen 4 aufnimmt.A relatively large amount of wear can occur between the teeth 41 and 54 and at the inlet openings 55 due to the friction of the processed material, but this does not significantly impair the interaction of the teeth, since driving the freely rotatable press roller 4 due to the toothing is only a side effect, and there is sufficient pressing of the material even with a relatively large amount of play between the teeth. Nevertheless, it is expedient to easily connect the upper part 51 of the die, as the part on which the greatest wear occurs, to the lower part 52, which absorbs the compressive forces of the press rollers 4.

Je nach dem zu bearbeitenden Material kann auf die Zweiteiligkeit der Matrize 5, die Kanäle 59 und die Buchsen 58 verzichtet werden, wie auch die Verzahnung und die Grösse der Durchgänge 56, 57 der jeweiligen Verwendung anzupassen sind. Die Verzahnungen verhindern in jedem Falle einen Materialstau vor den Pressrollen und verbessern die Zerkleinerung des Materials.Depending on the material to be machined, the two-part form of the die 5, the channels 59 and the bushes 58 can be dispensed with, and the teeth and the size of the passages 56, 57 have to be adapted to the respective use. The teeth prevent the material from jamming in front of the press rolls and improve the size reduction of the material.

Bei dem in Figur 3 dargestellten bevorzugten Beispiel sind die Zähne 61 der Pressrolle 4 auf etwa die doppelte Teilung verbreitert. Hierdurch kann sich eine dem Kopfkreis der Zähne 61 entsprechende, breite Fläche 63 über mehrere Durchgangslöcher 56 oder über Löcher mit sehr grossem Durchmesser abwälzen und das Material in sie hineindrücken. Die Zähne 62 der Matrize 5 können eine Breite bzw. Teilung wie gemäss Figur 2 erhalten. Auf diese Weise lassen sich in der ebenen Oberseite 64 der Matrize 5 trotz der auf ihr angeordneten Zähne 62 noch sehr viele Eintrittsöffnungen für die Durchgangslöcher unterbringen, in die das vorzerkleinerte und gegebenenfalls vorher zerriebene und gemischte Material durch die Umfangsflächenteile 63 gedrückt wird. Auch hier ist die Ausführung der Zähne und der Löcher dem jeweils behandelten Material entsprechend zu wählen, wobei jedoch auch für Ausführungen nach diesem Beispiel kegelförmige Pressrollen gemäss Figur 1 bevorzugt werden.In the preferred example shown in FIG. 3, the teeth 61 of the press roller 4 are widened to approximately twice the pitch. As a result, a wide surface 63 corresponding to the tip circle of the teeth 61 can roll over several through holes 56 or over holes with a very large diameter and press the material into them. The teeth 62 of the die 5 can have a width or pitch as in FIG. 2. In this way, in spite of the teeth 62 arranged on it, a large number of entry openings for the through holes into which the pre-comminuted and, if appropriate, previously ground and mixed material is pressed through the peripheral surface parts 63 can still be accommodated in the flat top side 64 of the die 5. Here too, the design of the teeth and the holes should be selected according to the material being treated, although conical press rolls according to FIG. 1 are preferred for designs according to this example.

In einem ausgeführten Beispiel für die Herstellung von Pellets aus Kunststoff wurden kegelförmige Pressrollen mit einer Verzahnung von Rollen und Matrize wie in Fig. 2 verwendet. Der Aussendurchmesser der Matrize betrug ca. 760 mm, die Höhe der Zähne ca. 10 mm. Die Matrize wurde temperiert um ein Aufschmelzen und Überhitzen des Materials zu verhindern. Je nach dem zu verarbeitenden Material und der Durchsatzmenge können Matrizen mit Durchmessern von etwa 300 bis 1600 mm mit entsprechend grossen Pressrollen verwendet werden, wobei Zähne mit insbesondere grösserer Höhe einsetzbar sind.In one example of the manufacture of plastic pellets, conical pressure rollers with a toothing of rollers and die as in FIG. 2 were used. The outside diameter of the die was approx. 760 mm, the height of the teeth approx. 10 mm. The die was tempered to prevent the material from melting and overheating. Depending on the material to be processed and the throughput, dies with diameters of approximately 300 to 1600 mm can be used with correspondingly large press rolls, teeth with a particularly large height being usable.

Claims (6)

1. A pelletizing apparatus with press rolls (4) which are disposed freely rotatable on a runner head (2) and which are provided with projections at their surfaces and pressed against the press rolls (4) with a horizontal, annular matrix (5) provided with passage holes (56, 57), characterized in that the surfaces of the press rolls (4) and the matrix (5) are provided with teeth (41, 54, 61, 62) meshing at least in part, and that the teeth (41, 61) of the press rolls (4) run over the inlet apertures (55) of the passage holes (56, 57) of the matrix (5).
2. A pelletizing apparatus according to claim 1 having conical press rolls (4), which are rotatable around inclined axes (3) supported by the runner head (2), characterized in that the teeth (41, 54, 61, 62) are formed similar to a bevel gear toothing and extend at least over part of the line of contact between press roll (4) and matrix (5).
3. A pelletizing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the toothing is constructed thus that the width of the teeth (61) of press roll (4) is larger than the width of the teeth (62) of the matrix (5), between which the passage holes (56, 57) are disposed.
4. A pelletizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the matrix (5) is in two-part form, and that the upper element (51) equipped with the teeth (54) is connected with the lower element (52) so that it can be replaced easily.
5. A pelletizing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that in the passage holes (57) of the lower element (52) ceramic bearing shells (58) are disposed.
6. A pelletizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the matrix (5) is provided with heating and cooling means (59).
EP84113946A 1983-11-25 1984-11-17 Pelletizing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0143414B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84113946T ATE40076T1 (en) 1983-11-25 1984-11-17 PELLETING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3342657 1983-11-25
DE3342657A DE3342657C2 (en) 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Pelletizing machine

Publications (4)

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EP0143414A2 EP0143414A2 (en) 1985-06-05
EP0143414A3 EP0143414A3 (en) 1986-09-10
EP0143414B1 true EP0143414B1 (en) 1989-01-18
EP0143414B2 EP0143414B2 (en) 1992-11-19

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EP84113946A Expired - Lifetime EP0143414B2 (en) 1983-11-25 1984-11-17 Pelletizing machine

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EP (1) EP0143414B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE40076T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3342657C2 (en)
DK (1) DK158070C (en)

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CA2492881A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Zhanbin Che A method of molding a bio-substance and apparatus thereof
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ITPI20130008A1 (en) * 2013-02-14 2014-08-14 Giuseppe Calderani COMPRESSION ASSEMBLY WITH CONICAL WHEELS FOR FILTERS
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EP3835049A1 (en) 2019-12-12 2021-06-16 Johannes Wissing Conduit element and tempering device
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CN101884894B (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-12-26 卢秉威 Novel straw granulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3342657C2 (en) 1986-11-06
DK559284A (en) 1985-05-26
EP0143414B2 (en) 1992-11-19
DK158070B (en) 1990-03-26
DK158070C (en) 1990-08-20
EP0143414A2 (en) 1985-06-05
DK559284D0 (en) 1984-11-23
EP0143414A3 (en) 1986-09-10
ATE40076T1 (en) 1989-02-15
DE3342657A1 (en) 1985-06-05
DE3476177D1 (en) 1989-02-23

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