EP0138909B1 - Systemes de construction et leurs elements - Google Patents

Systemes de construction et leurs elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0138909B1
EP0138909B1 EP84901275A EP84901275A EP0138909B1 EP 0138909 B1 EP0138909 B1 EP 0138909B1 EP 84901275 A EP84901275 A EP 84901275A EP 84901275 A EP84901275 A EP 84901275A EP 0138909 B1 EP0138909 B1 EP 0138909B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
flange portions
cross
panel
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84901275A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0138909A1 (fr
EP0138909A4 (fr
Inventor
Christopher R. Scott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ROTHER Carole A
Original Assignee
ROTHER Carole A
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CA000422315A external-priority patent/CA1200670A/fr
Application filed by ROTHER Carole A filed Critical ROTHER Carole A
Priority to AT84901275T priority Critical patent/ATE51664T1/de
Publication of EP0138909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0138909A1/fr
Publication of EP0138909A4 publication Critical patent/EP0138909A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0138909B1 publication Critical patent/EP0138909B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046—L- or T-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0478—X-shaped

Definitions

  • This invention relates to building construction systems using wooden profiled lumber for use in the construction and related industries.
  • Wooden lumber commonly used by the building industry is of rectangular cross-section.
  • the actual strength properties of lumber, as a building material are far greater than structurally required. It would, therefore, be advantageous to design and engineer lumber material to the dimensions required to satisfy the minimum strength requirement. This would not only reduce the cost of material, but also reduce the weight of the lumber thereby lowering the transportation cost.
  • the size of the lumber material cannot be reduced below a minimum needed for providing a minimum surface area for nailing or otherwise joining together the various construction elements, or for satisfying other construction needs.
  • the thickness of lumber must be such as to allow adequate surface area for nailing the edges of two adjacent panels onto the edge of the lumber, or its width must be sufficient to provide adequate air or insulation in the spacing between two opposite walls.
  • the prior art portion of claim 1 relates to a building wall structure using a wood construction element similar to that shown in FR-A-1 014000.
  • the present invention is characterised as set out in claim 1 with the use of the element in conjunction with a base member, the element itself being defined by features providing improved strength and economy as will be described.
  • the building wall structure can be used in a panel building system comprising a plurality of sized panel structures, each panel structure comprising an open frame of predetermined geometric shape of a plurality of the longitudinal members.
  • a thin, relatively rigid sheet of covering material closes at least one face of the open frame and cooperates with the frame to form a dimensionally stable panel structure.
  • the panel building system further comprises a plurality of key block members having a cross-section corresponding to the open cross-section formed between two parallel longitudinal members which abut one another through their two flange portions, the key block members and the panel structures cooperating to link adjacent panel structures along the longitudinal edges thereof; a plurality of filler blocks having a cross-section corresponding to the open cross-section formed between the two flange portions and the web portion on one side of a longitudinal member, the filler blocks and the panel structures cooperating to form flat faces along the longitudinal edges of the panel structures; and a plurality of the corner/ connecting blocks having a symmetrical generally square cross-section wherein each face of the square has a longitudinal groove corresponding to the open cross-section formed between the two flange portions and the web portion on one side of the longitudinal members, and thereby forming two longitudinal abutment surfaces, separated by the groove, corresponding to the flange portions of the longitudinal members, the corner/connecting blocks, the key block members and the panel structures cooperating to link two or more panel structures along respective
  • the wall structure can be provided in a building system for the construction of room size structures, comprising a plurality of the longitudinal members and a plurality of transverse members of predetermined length having end portions receivably engageable by the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal members, the longitudinal members and the transverse members cooperatively engageable to form a structure of parallel spaced apart longitudinal members.
  • the invention provides a collapsible building system comprising a plurality of the longitudinal members each having a bottom end and a top end; a foldable bottom end connector comprising the base member attached to the bottom end of each longitudinal member; a foldable top end connector attached to the top end of each longitudinal member; the bottom end connector and the top end connector cooperating to hold the longitudinal members in a predetermined spaced parallel relation when unfolded and when folded holding said longitudinal members in an accordion-like tightly packed array for ease of transportation.
  • the present invention includes a corner/connecting block having a predetermined length and having a cross-sectional profile comprising a symmetrical generally square cross-section, each face of said square having a longitudinal groove formed therein, said groove being of symmetrical trapezoidal shape wherein the non-parallel faces of said symmetrical trapezoid open outwardly from the central portion of said square.
  • Figures 1-4 there is shown in the extreme left view ( Figure 1) a cross-section of a conventional 5 cmx10 cm (2"x4") wooden lumber or stud 10 as commonly used in the building industry, particularly for constructing residential dwellings.
  • the three right-hand views ( Figures 2-4) show differing cross-sectional views of wooden construction elements which may be manufactured by making rectangular or trapezoidal grooves in the walls of the conventional stud of Figure 1.
  • the dimensions given in Figure 1 are the approximate dimensions of a conventional 5 cmx10 cm (2"x4") wooden lumber or stud and the dimensions given in Figures 2-4 are the approximate dimensions of the grooves made in the walls of the conventional wooden lumber or stud.
  • the thickness and width directions are shown by the scale in the lower left-hand corner of Figure 1.
  • the wooden construction elements have a cross-sectional profile comprising a first flange portion 12A having a predetermined thickness and width, a second flange portion 12B having a predetermined thickness and width, the first and second flange portions are parallel to one another relative to their thickness dimension and interconnected by a central integral web portion 14 of predetermined width and essentially smaller thickness than the flange portions.
  • the shaping of the wooden construction element is preferably performed by forming a groove in each wall of a conventional wooden lumber or stud, thereby removing a total of between about 15% and 50% of the material of the original cross-section.
  • the actual width of the groove is preferably such that the material removed is about equal to the sum of the width of the material left in the two flange portions 12A and 12B.
  • the actual thickness of the web portion 14 of the wooden construction element would depend on the end use of the product, but is preferably not less than one third of the thickness of the flange portion 12A or 12B. These proportions also offer an ideal shape for nesting as will be explained hereinafter.
  • the web material can be removed by routing, splitting or with conventional chip and saw type machinery, preferably by using a chipping machine having suitably shaped chipper heads.
  • the material so-removed may advantageously be used to make chips for the pulping industry, providing material for composite wood products such as particle or wafer board, for making molding material, or used as an energy source when burnt as fuel.
  • the wood material removed by making a rectangular groove in the wall of a conventional wooden lumber or stud, is about 20% of the original lumber material, thus reducing the weight thereof by 20%-30% depending on the density of the wood species used, and, consequently, the transportation cost by an equal amount.
  • Figure 4 shows a dog-bone shaped cross-section produced by making a trapezoidal groove in the wall portions of a conventional wooden lumber or stud.
  • the central web portion comprises a uniform thickness section 14' having a thickness less than that of the flange portions 12A or 12B, a first transition section 14A, connecting the first flange portion 12A and the uniform thickness section 14', having a thickness tapering from that of the first flange portion to that of the uniform thickness section, and a second transition section 14B, connecting the second flange portion 12B and the uniform thickness section 14', having a thickness tapering from that of the second flange portion to that of the uniform thickness section.
  • This configuration provides about the same amount of wood reduction as in Figure 3, but reduces the possibility of splitting the edges of the wooden construction element when nailing panels to the edges of the construction element.
  • Figure 5 shows the preferred shape and dimensions to provide the best compromise between strength and weight for a wooden construction element, which is aesthetically pleasing and suited for shipping and as a building element.
  • the width of the groove forming the web portion 14 of the wooden construction elements of Figures 2-5 is preferably about equal to the width of the material left in the two flange portions, 12A and 12B. This leaves sufficient material for adequate nailing or otherwise securing panels or other structural elements to the edges of the construction elements.
  • This particular shape is also designed to allow interlocking of the construction elements for shipping in such a way that they nest together like a jigsaw puzzle to optimize volume savings, as shown in Figure 6. This shape also avoids the use of "sticking" (to prevent lumber slippage over itself) when shipping the lumber.
  • the oblique surfaces 14" allow easier nailing for maximum strength, i.e.
  • a nail perpendicular to this surface can be driven through the wood at an angle to center line 0-0, whereas a conventional 5x10 cm (2"x4") would require that the nail be held at an angle to the wood surface (it being much easier to drive a nail perpendicular to the surface than at an angle to the surface).
  • the actual thickness of the web portion 14 of the construction elements depends on the strength properties required for the end use of the product. For a large number of applications, such thickness would be about a third of the original thickness of the original lumber or stud, i.e. the thickness of the flange portions 12A or 12B, such as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings.
  • first and second flange portions are preferably of identical shape and size.
  • the particular profiles are equally applicable to larger stock, e.g. 5x15 cm (2x6"), 5x20 cm (2x8"), 10x10 cm (4x4"), etc. and smaller stock, e.g. 2.5x2.5 cm (1x1"), 2.5x5 cm ( 1 x 2") etc.
  • the wooden construction elements can be supplied in standard lengths utilised in the building industry, but can also be formed in lesser or greater lengths as dictated by job requirements.
  • Figure 3 shows flanged construction elements that have a cross-sectional profile comprising a first flange portion 12A and a second flange portion 12B, the first and second flange portions being of essentially identical predetermined thickness and essentially identical predetermined width.
  • the first and second flange portions, 12A and 12B are parallel to one another relative to their thickness dimension and interconnected by a central integral web portion 14 of predetermined width and of a thickness about one third of that of the flange portions, 12A and 12B.
  • the width of the web portion 14 is about equal to the sum of the widths of the flange portions.
  • the present invention uses construction elements that have a cross-sectional profile (as shown in Figure 4) comprising a first flange portion 12A and a second flange portion 12B, the first and second flange portions are of essentially identical predetermined thickness and essentially identical predetermined width.
  • the first and second flange portions are parallel to one another relative to their thickness dimension and interconnected by a central integral web portion comprising a uniform thickness section 14' having a predetermined width and a thickness about one third of that of the flange portions, 12A or 12B; a first transition section 14A having a width about equal to that of the first flange portion 12A and connecting the first flange portion 12A and the uniform thickness section 14' and having a thickness tapering from that of the first flange portion 12A to that of the uniform thickness section 14'; and a second transition section 14B having a width about equal to that of the second flange portion 12B and connecting the second flange portion 12B and the uniform thickness section 14' and having a thickness tapering from that of the second flange portion 12B to that of the uniform thickness section 14'.
  • the predetermined width of the uniform thickness section 14' is about equal to three times the width of one of the flange portions 12A or 12B.
  • an anchoring system comprises a flexible anchor track generally indicated at 30 comprising a central longitudinally extending channel 32 having a generally U-shape formed from a base 34 of predetermined width and two legs of predetermined height extending in parallel from the base 34.
  • a flange 38 on each side of the channel 32, extends coextensively longitudinally with the channel 32 and transversely from the free ends of the respective legs 36 of the U-shaped channel 32.
  • a plurality of transverse slots 40 of predetermined thickness extend width-wise across the entire channel 32, and are spaced longitudinally in a predetermined manner.
  • the anchor track 30 is attachable to an anchor plate 42, e.g., a conventional 5 cmx10 cm (2"x4") wooden stud, in such manner that the open end of the U-shaped channel 32 faces the anchor plate 42.
  • the anchor system further comprises a plurality of stud sleeves, generally indicated as 44 in Figures 12 and 13, which comprise a hollow body 46 of predetermined length receivably engageable of the end of a stud.
  • the cross-section 48 of the hollow body 46 corresponds to the predetermined cross-sectional profile of the stud (as shown in Figures 12 and 13 the cross-section of the hollow body corresponds to the dog-bone shape of a construction element as shown in Figure 4).
  • a pair of flanges 50 extends perpendicular to the length of the body in opposite directions along the wide side of the hollow body 46. This pair of flanges 50 is adapted to fit into the longitudinal channel 32 of the anchor track 30, thereby holding the stud sleeve in a respective transverse slot 40 formed in the channel 32.
  • the central channel 34 of the anchor track is about 3.8 cm (12") wide and the legs 36 of the channel are about 0.32 cm (1/8") high.
  • the flanges 38 extend about 5 cm (2") transversely on each side and run longitudinally coextensively with the channel 34. Midway between the edges 52 of the flanges 38 and the central channel 34, each of the flanges 38 is scored, shown as dotted line 54, to allow the outer portion of the flange to be bent around an anchor plate 42, as best shown in Figure 11. (Alternatively, a series of holes could be punched or drilled in the flanges for this purpose).
  • the transverse slots 40 are longitudinally spaced about 10 cms (4") center-to-center and are about 1.9 cms (3/ 4") wide.
  • the slots can be marked (not shown) or color-coded (not shown) to show 41 cms (16"), 61 cms (24") and/or 91 cms (36") spacings.
  • one of the stud sleeve flanges 50 is inserted into the channel 34, at one side of a transverse slot 40, the center of the stud sleeve is compressed and the other flange 50 is inserted into the channel 34 on the other side-of the transverse slot.
  • This process is repeated until sufficient stud sleeves 44 are inserted in the track 30 for the desired purpose. Studs are then slipped into the hollow body 46 of the sleeves 44 and affixed therein by conventional means of attachment, e.g., nailing or gluing.
  • the stud sleeve 44 may have barbs formed in the hollow body 46 which permit a stud to be inserted into the stud sleeve but prevent the stud from being removed.
  • a plurality of V-cuts 47 may be made in the hollow body 46 with the apex of the V pointing toward the flange 50.
  • the triangular sections 49 defined by the V-cuts 47 are bent inwards and form barbs which will engage a stud received within the hollow body 46.
  • the hollow body 46 of the stud sleeve 44 can be formed as a foldable member.
  • one side 43 of the hollow body 46 can be unfolded to the position shown in dotted lines, along with an overlap strip 45, to open the hollow body 46 for receipt of a stud.
  • Overlap strip 45 is then folded over the stud and overlap strip.
  • the stud sleeve can be sealed by gluing or nailing, e.g., a nail driven through portion 43' of side 43 and overlap strip 45 into the stud closes the hollow body 46 and attaches the stud sleeve to the stud.
  • the anchor track 30 and the stud sleeves 44 thereby cooperate to hold the studs in a predetermined parallel spaced apart relation perpendicular to the anchor plate 42.
  • the anchor track 30 may be formed of plastic or metal and is preferably fabricated in long continuous strips which may be rolled up for shipment.
  • the stud sleeves 44 are also formed of plastic or metal, provided they exhibit sufficient flexibility to allow their center sections to be compressed for insertion of the flanges 50 into the channel 34 of the track 30.
  • the invention comprises a truss building system as shown in Figures 14-16.
  • the system comprises a plurality of longitudinal members 56, each having a top end 58 and a bottom end 60.
  • the longitudinal members 56 as best shown in Figure 16, have a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions 62 interconnected by an integral web portion 64.
  • a flexible bottom end connector 66 is attached to the bottom end 60 of each longitudinal member 56.
  • a flexible top end connector 68 is attached to the top end 58 of each longitudinal member 56.
  • the bottom end connector 66 and the top end connector 68 cooperate to hold the longitudinal members 56 in a predetermined spaced parallel relation when unfolded as shown in Figure 14.
  • the bottom ends 60 of the longitudinal members 56 may then be affixed, e.g., by nailing, to a bottom sill plate 70, and likewise the top ends 58 may then be affixed in a similar manner to a top sill plate(s) 72.
  • the longitudinal members 56 may be of predetermined gradated length to form a conventional truss structure. Alternatively, the longitudinal members may all be of the same length to form a conventional wall structure.
  • each of the bottom and top connectors When folded (see Figure 15 for a partially folded configuration), the bottom and top connectors allow the longitudinal members to be collapsed accordion-style to a tightly packed array for ease of transportation.
  • each of the bottom and top connectors which are preferably formed of metal strips, are provided with a plurality of crease lines 74 for easy controlled collapse of the structure for transportation.
  • each of the bottom end and top end connectors may comprise a flexible anchor track of predetermined length having a central longitudinally extending channel having a generally U-shape comprising a base of predetermined width and two legs of predetermined height extending in parallel from the base.
  • a flange, on each side of the channel extends coextensively longitudinally with the channel and extending transversely from the free ends of the respective legs of the U-shaped channel.
  • a plurality of transverse slots of predetermined thickness, extending width-wise across the entire channel, are formed in the U-shaped channel and spaced longitudinally in a predetermined manner.
  • a plurailty of stud sleeves each comprising a hollow body of predetermined length, receivingly engage the cross-sectional profile of a respective longitudinal member at a respective end thereof.
  • a pair of flanges extend at a predetermined angle to the length of the hollow body in opposite directions. The pair of flanges fit into the longitudinal channel of the anchor track and hold the stud sleeve in a respective transverse slot.
  • a panel building system In another embodiment of the invention, a plurality of sized panel structures, generally indicated at 21, are provided which can be assembled into room size units.
  • One such panel structure illustrated in Figure 24, comprises an open generally rectangular grid work of a plurality of longitudinal members 20 having a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions interconnected by an integral web portion and a plurality of transverse members 22 of predetermined length having end portions receivably engageable by the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal members 20.
  • Transverse members 24 of different standardized lengths may be provided to fix precisely the spacing of window openings 25 or doors (not shown) according to building industry regulations.
  • the longitudinal members 20 and the transverse members, 22 and 24, cooperate to form a structure of parallel spaced apart longitudinal members.
  • a thin relatively rigid sheet of covering material 27 is affixed to one side of the structure and cooperates with the grid works to form a dimensionally stable panel structure.
  • a conventional sill plate 29 may be provided for additional strength.
  • the thin relatively rigid sheet of covering material can be formed of materials conventional in the building industry for such purposes, e.g., solid wood plywood, gypsum board, wafer board, etc. Typically, the sheet will be 0.32-1.6 cm (e" 8") thick depending on the particular material utilized.
  • Panels can be formed in standardized sizes for building construction, e.g., 30 cmx2.4 m (1'x8'), 61 cmx2.4 m (2'x8'), 1.2 mx2.4m (4'x8') and 2.4 mx2.4 m (8'x8'), as well as in other sizes (larger or smaller) for particular applications.
  • the panels can also be formed in various geometric shapes such as the conventional rectangles for wall construction or special shapes for particular uses e.g., triangles for construction of gable ends.
  • each panel structure comprises an open frame of predetermined geometric shape of a plurality of longitudinal members having a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions interconnected by an integral web portion wherein both faces of the open frame are closed by respective thin relatively rigid sheets of covering material to form a hollow core within the panel structure.
  • Figures 25 and 26 illustrate a rectangular panel structure, generally indicated at 80, comprised of an open frame of longitudinal members 82 having a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions interconnected by an integral web portion.
  • a thin, relatively rigid sheet of covering material 84 closes each face of the frame to form a hollow core 86 within the panel structure 80.
  • a conduit 88 parallel to an edge of the panel structure passes through the panel structure 80 within the hollow core 86.
  • the conduit at its ends is connected to respective apertures 90 in the frame of the panel structure.
  • the conduit can interconnect with corresponding conduits (not shown) in adjacent panel structures (not shown).
  • the conduit (or a plurality of such conduits in a given panel structure) can be used for electrical supply or plumbing supply or for sprinkler systems.
  • the conduit or conduits will be located in an area from the center of the panel to within about 20 cm (8") of an edge of the panel.
  • the open frame of the panel structure can be assembled by any conventional technique, e.g., utilizing mitered ends 92 and gluing and/or nailing.
  • the covering material 84 can be attached to the frame by any conventional technique, e.g., gluing nailing and/or stapling.
  • FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate a triangular panel structure, generally indicated at 100, suitable for use in the construction of a gable end of a house.
  • the panel structure 100 comprises an open frame of longitudinal members 102 having a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions interconnected by an integral web portion.
  • a thin, relatively rigid sheet of covering material 104 closes each face of the frame to form a hollow core 106, which may as jllustrated be filled with thermal insulating material, e.g., fiberglass, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, etc.
  • the hollow core 106 can be filled with a material providing additional strength and/or rigidity to the panel such as a corrugated material, e.g., cardboard, or a honeycomb structure.
  • a material providing additional strength and/or rigidity to the panel such as a corrugated material, e.g., cardboard, or a honeycomb structure.
  • the open frame can be assembled by conventional techniques and covering material can be fastened to the frame by conventional means.
  • Figure 30 shows an 2.4x2.4 m (8'x8') wall portion, generally indicated at 110, having a 91 cmx1.5 m (3'x5') opening for a window 112 comprised of two panels 114 of 46 cmx2.4 m (12'x8') size, one panel 116 of 30 cmxl.5 m (1'x5') size and one panel 118 of 1.2x1.5 m (4'x5') size.
  • Figure 31 shows an 2.4x2.4 m (8'x8') wall portion, generally indicated at 120, having a 76 cmx2 m (22'x6z') opening for a door 122 comprised of a 30 cmx2.4 m (1'x8') panel 124, a 46 cmx76 cm (12'x22') panel 126 and a 1.4x2.4 m (41'x8') panel 128.
  • Other conventional building structures can be formed in a similar manner.
  • Additional structural members may be provided to allow ready interlock of the panel system and/or to facilitate conventional construction operations.
  • These structural members, as well as the previously disclosed longitudinal members and transverse members, can be formed in the same manner and of the same materials as the previously described construction elements.
  • Figure 17 shows the cross-sectional profile of one of the longitudinal members 20 (see Figure 24).
  • Figure 18 shows the cross-sectional profile of a key block member 15 which corresponds to the open cross-section formed between two parallel longitudinal members 20 which abut one another through their flange portions 20' (see Figure 17).
  • Such key block members 15 cooperate with panel structures 21 to link adjacent panel structures along the longitudinal edges thereof, as shown in Figure 23.
  • Figure 19 shows the cross-sectional profile of a corner connecting block 16 which is a symmetrical generally square cross-section wherein each face of the square has a longitudinal groove 16' corresponding to the groove 20" formed between two flange portions 20' and the web portion 20'" (see Figure 17) on one side of the aforedescribed longitudinal members 20.
  • These grooves 16' form two longitudinal abutment surfaces 16", on each face of the square, corresponding to the flange portions 20' of the longitudinal members 20.
  • the corner/connecting blocks 16, the key block members 15 and the panel structures 21 cooperate to link two or more panel structures along respective longitudinal edges at right angles to one another as shown in Figure 22.
  • corner/connecting blocks can be utilized in its own right as a newel post or a fence post due to its aesthetically pleasing.
  • the corner/connecting block can be formed in a 15x15 cm (6"x6") configuration or larger, in addition to the 10x10 cm (4"x4") configuration.
  • Figure 20 shows the cross-sectional profile of a filler block 17 which corresponds to the open cross-section formed between the two flange portions 20' and the web portion 20'" on one side of a longitudinal member 20 (see Figure 17).
  • the filler blocks 17 and the panel structures cooperate to form flat faces along the longitudinal edges of the panel structures 21, as shown in Figure 21 for a window jamb assembly and in Figure 23 for a door jamb assembly.
  • the invention provides a building system for the construction of room size structures.
  • the system comprises a plurality of longitudinal members 20 having a cross-section comprising two parallel flange portions interconnected by an integral web portion and a plurality of transverse members 22 of predetermined length having end portions receivably engageable by the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal members 20, the longitudinal members 20 and the transverse members 22 cooperatively engageable to form a structure of parallel spaced apart longitudinal members.
  • Figure 7 shows a building section constructed using cut-to-length longitudinal member 20 of uniform cross-sectional shape, which shape is selected so that individual component parts may be interlocked together with a minimum of nailing and without requiring precise measurement or cutting as is the case with conventional building materials.
  • a wall section may be constructed, in a 5x10 cm (2"x4") format, with longitudinal member 20 held in spaced parallel relationship by pre-cut transverse members 22 having their ends shaped to fit into the grooves of the longitudinal members 20, thereby reducing nailing requirements to a minimum.
  • the transverse members 22 are simply placed between adjacent longitudinal members 20 thereby fixing the distance between the studs precisely in accordance with building industry regulations.
  • transverse members 24 of different standardized lengths may be provided to fix precisely the spacing of window openings 25 or door openings (not shown), according to building industry regulations.
  • pre-cut transverse members 26 may be provided for fixing the spacing of longitudinal members 28, in a 5x25 cm (2"x10") format, as floor beams or joists.
  • the system permits unskilled workers to assemble the framework for structures strongly and accurately without having to cut or measure material.
  • the longitudinal members in this building system may have holes pre-cut therein, where appropriate, for fire sprinklers, plumbing and wiring applications.
  • the present building system may additionally include the aforementioned key block members, filler members and corner/connecting blocks to facilitate the construction of various structures conventional in the building trades.
  • the aforedescribed building system and panel building system can be used in conjunction with one another thereby allowing customized building with standardized elements.
  • the use of the systems in conjunction allows for construction of a structure at one stage and expansion or modification of the structure at a later stage, e.g., a "starter" home with provisions for expansion of the home as family size increases or economics allow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

Des éléments profilés de construction ayant une section transversale prédéterminée se composent de bois, plastique et/ou métal. Ces éléments de construction sont utiles dans la construction de bâtiments, dans des systèmes de panneaux préformés et dans des structures de structures préformées. Les formes de ces éléments de construction s'adaptent également à un jeu de construction.

Claims (7)

1. Structure de mur de bâtiment comprenant au moins un organe longitudinal (20) comprenant un élément de construction en bois ayant un profil en section transversale qui comprend des premier et second talons (12A, 12B), lesdits premier et second talons ayant essentiellement des épaisseurs et des largeurs identiques, lesdits premier et second talons étant parallèles l'un à l'autre par rapport à leur dimension en épaisseur, et étant raccordés entre eux par une âme centrale comprenant une section d'épaisseur uniforme (14') et des première et seconde sections de transition (14A, 14B) reliant respectivement lesdits premier et second talons et ladite section d'épaisseur uniforme et ayant une épaisseur qui décroit progressivement de celle du talon à celle de la section d'épaisseur uniforme, ledit élément de construction en bois étant symétrique par rapport à un axe central reliant les talons et traversant la section d'épaisseur uniforme, caractérisée en ce que l'organe longitudinal (20) est réalisé en une seule pièce et relié de façon rigide à une extrémité, sensiblement à angle droit, à un organe de base (29), la section d'épaisseur uniforme (14') de l'âme d'une seule pièce ayant une épaisseur d'environ le tiers de celle de chaque talon (12A, 12B) et les parties de transition (14A, 14B) ayant chacune une largeur sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur de la section d'épaisseur uniforme (14') de l'âme d'une seule pièce.
2. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'épaisseur totale de l'élément de construction en bois n'est pas supérieure à 6 cm (2 pouces).
3. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans laquelle la largeur totale dudit élément de construction en bois n'est pas supérieure à 30 cm (12 pouces).
4. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la largeur totale dudit élément de construction en bois n'est pas supérieure à 10 cm (4 pouces).
5. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comportant une multiplicité desdits organes longitudinaux (20) alignés parallèlement et en écartement mutuel avec une multiplicité d'organes transversaux (22) d'une longueur prédéterminée et ayant des parties terminales logées dans la forme de section transversale des organes longitudinaux (20), lesdites parties terminales ayant une forme telle qu'elles s'ajustent dans les gorges définies dans lesdits organes longitudinaux par les talons et l'âme d'une seule pièce de telle sorte que les organes transversaux maintiennent les organes longitudinaux dans une relation parallèle espacée.
6. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle il est prévu une multiplicité de blocs d'emboîtement (15) ayant une section transversale correspondant à la section ouverte formée entre deux organes longitudinaux parallèles en contact mutuel par leurs deux talons, lesdits blocs d'emboîtement coopérant avec les organes longitudinaux adjacents pour les relier le long de leurs bords longitudinaux.
7. Structure de mur de bâtiment selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, dans laquelle il est prévu une multiplicité de blocs de remplissage (17) ayant une section transversale correspondant à la section ouverte formée entre les deux talons et l'âme d'un côté de l'organe longitudinal, lesdits blocs de remplissage coopérant avec un organe longitudinal pour former une face plate le long du bord longitudinal de celui- ci.
EP84901275A 1983-02-24 1984-02-24 Systemes de construction et leurs elements Expired - Lifetime EP0138909B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84901275T ATE51664T1 (de) 1983-02-24 1984-02-24 Bausysteme und deren elemente.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000422315A CA1200670A (fr) 1983-02-24 1983-02-24 Profile en bois d'oeuvre
CA422315 1983-02-24
US57828584A 1984-02-08 1984-02-08
US578285 1984-02-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0138909A1 EP0138909A1 (fr) 1985-05-02
EP0138909A4 EP0138909A4 (fr) 1987-06-11
EP0138909B1 true EP0138909B1 (fr) 1990-04-04

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EP84901275A Expired - Lifetime EP0138909B1 (fr) 1983-02-24 1984-02-24 Systemes de construction et leurs elements

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0138909B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8405492A (fr)
DE (1) DE3481852D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK504584A (fr)
FI (1) FI844172L (fr)
NO (1) NO844242L (fr)
WO (1) WO1984003319A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103572948A (zh) * 2013-11-26 2014-02-12 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 建筑装修用方木

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0138909A1 (fr) 1985-05-02
DK504584D0 (da) 1984-10-23
DE3481852D1 (de) 1990-05-10
NO844242L (no) 1984-10-24
FI844172A0 (fi) 1984-10-24
BR8405492A (pt) 1985-02-20
WO1984003319A1 (fr) 1984-08-30
DK504584A (da) 1984-12-21
FI844172L (fi) 1984-10-24
EP0138909A4 (fr) 1987-06-11

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