EP0137391B1 - Cellular mobile communications antenna - Google Patents

Cellular mobile communications antenna Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0137391B1
EP0137391B1 EP84111340A EP84111340A EP0137391B1 EP 0137391 B1 EP0137391 B1 EP 0137391B1 EP 84111340 A EP84111340 A EP 84111340A EP 84111340 A EP84111340 A EP 84111340A EP 0137391 B1 EP0137391 B1 EP 0137391B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductive
antenna system
housing
connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84111340A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0137391A1 (en
Inventor
James Hadzoglou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Allen Telecom LLC
Original Assignee
Orion Industries Inc
Allen Telecom Group Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=24133532&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0137391(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Orion Industries Inc, Allen Telecom Group Inc filed Critical Orion Industries Inc
Priority to AT84111340T priority Critical patent/ATE88837T1/de
Publication of EP0137391A1 publication Critical patent/EP0137391A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0137391B1 publication Critical patent/EP0137391B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1285—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens with capacitive feeding through the windscreen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3283—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle side-mounted antennas, e.g. bumper-mounted, door-mounted

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communications antennas and more particularly to mobile communications antennas for frequencies in the area of the 800MHz frequency band of the type adapted to be mounted on a non-conductive surface such as a vehicle windshield.
  • mobile antennas for such communications systems are designed to be mounted on vehicles. Some type of permanent installation is often necessary. For preferred locations, those which provide the most uniform radiation patterns, such as roof tops, this requires mounting to the vehicle such as automobiles by cutting holes into the body and permanently mounting the antennas in place. This is not always a satisfactory arrangement for vehicle owners.
  • the antenna system there specifically disclosed is particularly adapted for operation at frequencies well below the frequencies used for cellular phone communication systems.
  • the antenna there disclosed was designed for operation in the CB and related bands of about 28-29 MHz.
  • the antenna disclosed in the aforesaid patent is a relatively narrow band antenna which does not operate satisfactorily over the wide frequency bands which are required for cellular phone systems.
  • An antenna system including the features of the preamble of Claim 1 is known from US-A-4238 799. However this known system is not operable in a frequency range in excess of 800 MHz and does not comprise a counterpoise seperate from the vehicle body
  • a communications antenna adapted to operate at and above the 800 MHz frequency band which is designed for mounting on an insulated surface such as the windshield of an automotive vehicle and which provides excellent efficiency and gain as well as the desirable band width to allow for efficient use at the cellular communications frequencies under consideration.
  • a vehicle window e.g., the windshield is utilized to efficiently couple RF energy to a two-element collinear radiator mounted on the external surface of the windshield.
  • a specially designed coupler configuration is mounted on the inner surface of the window in proximity to the antenna mount. The coupler reactively couples the radiator element to a transmission line while providing the desired 50 ohm input impedence.
  • the coupler in accordance with the present invention together with the radiator designed for use therewith provides desired VSWR characteristics over the operating band width ranges of 60 to 80 MHz such as contemplated for use in cellular telephone systems.
  • the window mounted antenna incorporating the present invention is capable of providing radiation characteristics comparable to antennas mounted on the roof tops of vehicles, provides desired omni-directional coverage and satisfactory gain without the distortion which may arise from mounting antennas on trunk lids and other less satisfactory locations on a vehicle.
  • the communications antenna system incorporating the present invention utilizes a collinear radiator having a 5/8 wave-length upper radiator and a lower radiator having an electrical length of between about 1/4 and 1/2 wave-length separated by an air-wound phasing coil.
  • the coupling or feed assembly is incorporated in a conductive housing which acts as a counterpoise. Disposed within the conductive housing are the components defining a coupling capacitor plate, and the tuned circuit utilized to tune the antenna and couple the radiator mounted on the external surface of the glass to the transmission line.
  • the coupling capacitor plate forming a part of the feed housing is a printed circuit foil embedded in a dielectric sheet forming one side of the housing.
  • the plate of the coupling capacitor also acts as the plate of the adjustable tuning capacitor.
  • the other plate of the tuning capacitor is a generally U-shaped member.
  • the base of the U is affixed to and in contact with the metallic housing forming the counterpoise.
  • One leg of the U shaped plate, oriented at substantially 90° to the base, provides the ground or shield connection to a transmission line connector.
  • the second leg forms the other plate of the tuning capacitor.
  • the second leg extends at an obtuse angle to the base of the U and has a free end bent back to form a return oriented generally parallel to the base thereof.
  • the return portion extends over at least a portion of the coupling plate or embedded foil element to define the adjustable coupling capacitor.
  • the adjustment of the capacitor is achieved by adjusting the position of the free end return and thereby adjusting the amount of overlap between that plate of the tuning capacitor and the foil coupling plate.
  • the dielectric member in which the coupling plate is embedded forms the closure for the conductive housing or counterpoise.
  • the inductor is defined by a straight wire having a dimension suitable to the frequencies at which the antenna is to be tuned.
  • the wire extends between and is electrically connected to the base of the generally U-shaped conductor and the foil coupling plate.
  • the center conductor of the transmission line connector is electrically connected to the inductor at an appropriate tap point along its length whereby the impedence of the tuning circuit is matched to the 50 ohm impedance of the transmission line.
  • an antenna system capable of producing omni-directional radiation at and above the 800MHz band having a band width defined by a VSWR less than 1.5 over a range of about 60-80 MHz rendering the antenna suitable for use as a cellular phone system antenna providing desired gain and band width capabilities.
  • the transmission line connecting the antenna to the transceiver is not hot, thereby eliminating one safety concern.
  • the antenna system includes an elongated collinear radiator 10 comprising an upper section 10a having an electrical length of approximately 5/8 wavelength, and lower section 10b having an electrical length in excess of 1/4 wavelength separated by an air wound phasing coil 10c having a length suitable for proper phasing at the frequency at which the antenna is to be used.
  • the radiator terminates in a base or foot 12 such as one shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,266,227 having a generally flat surface adapted to be suitably affixed to the outer surface of a dielectric member such as a windshield 14 of a vehicle 16.
  • a coupling or feed assembly 20 is affixed to the inner surface of the windshield 14 juxtaposed to the antenna base member 12.
  • the feed assembly 20 includes a conductive housing 22 having a front wall 24 and four side walls 26 with an open back 28.
  • the conductive housing acts as a counterpoise for the antenna system and thereby results in the feed or transmission line between the antenna system and the transceiver remaining "cold".
  • the open back 28 is closed by a dielectric circuit board 30 having formed therein a conductive foil plate 33 which defines the second plate of a coupling capacitor on opposite sides of the windshield 14.
  • the inner coupling plate 33 also forms one plate of an adjustable tuning capacitor.
  • the other plate of capacitor is defined by a generally U-shaped bent member 38 having a generally planar base portion 38a lying along and affixed to the inner surface of front wall 24 of the conductive housing 22.
  • a standard transmission line coaxial connector 42 is disposed in one side wall 26a of the housing 22.
  • the shield connection of the connector 42 is electrically connected to the housing 22 and to one leg 38b of the second tuning capacitor plate or U-shaped member 38 disposed generally perpendicular to the base 38a of the capacitor plate.
  • the other free leg 38c of the bent member 38 extends at a generally obtuse angle from the base 38 with the free end bent back to form a return 38d which overlaps and is spaced from the foil coupling plate 33.
  • Adjustment of the capacitor is achieved by utilizing a non-conductive member 44 which passes through the side wall 26b and engages the free end or leg 38c of the tuning capacitor plate 38 to displace the leg 38c inwardly and outwardly. This adjusts the amount of overlap between the capacitor plate return 38d and the coupling plate 33 to adjust the amount of capacitance thereof as is well known.
  • An inductor 46 in the form of a straight wire having a diameter to produce an inductance appropriate to the frequency to which the system is to be tuned is electrically connected to the base 38a of the adjustable capacitor plate 38 and to the foil 33 formed in the PC board dielectric.
  • the center conductor of the transmission line connector 42 is electrically connected to the inductor/wire 46 at a point between its ends to match the impedance of the transmission line itself of about 50 ohms.
  • a system so constructed is capable of providing significant band width over the desired range of at least about 60 to 80 MHz.
  • an antenna was tuned at 806 MHz and maintained a VSWR below 1.5 between frequencies of about 800 MHz and about 860 MHz as shown at A in Fig. 6.
  • An antenna tuned to 820 MHz maintained VSWR equal or less than 1.5 between a frequency of about 802 MHz to excess of 865 MHz as shown in B in Fig. 6.
  • Another antenna that was designed for use in the 821-896 MHz band maintained a VSWR at or below 1.5 between the frequencies of 820 MHz and 895 MHz, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • Such an antenna system was able to provide a uniform radiation pattern as a function of radiation angle with a uniformity substantially similar to a roof mounted antenna and substantially better than trunk and cowl mounted antennas.
  • Such uniformity is especially important for cellular phone type systems since communications using such systems occur in all directions and any reduction of gain in any particular direction would adversely affect the quality and ability of the mobile system to maintain communications.
  • a mobile communications antenna system capable of use in the 800 MHz frequency band and above which does not require affixing to the metallic or conductive surface of a vehicle with the resulting damage thereto, which provides desired uniformity of transmission as a function of horizontal angle which provides satisfactory gain in all direction and which eliminates any concern or problem of having a hot cable disposed within the passenger compartment of such vehicles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP84111340A 1983-09-23 1984-09-21 Cellular mobile communications antenna Expired - Lifetime EP0137391B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84111340T ATE88837T1 (de) 1983-09-23 1984-09-21 Antenne fuer den mobilen telefonverkehr.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53527383A 1983-09-23 1983-09-23
US535273 1983-09-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0137391A1 EP0137391A1 (en) 1985-04-17
EP0137391B1 true EP0137391B1 (en) 1993-04-28

Family

ID=24133532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84111340A Expired - Lifetime EP0137391B1 (en) 1983-09-23 1984-09-21 Cellular mobile communications antenna

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0137391B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6077501A (ja)
AT (1) ATE88837T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1223339A (ja)
DE (1) DE3486135T2 (ja)
NZ (1) NZ209019A (ja)
ZA (1) ZA845849B (ja)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE33743E (en) * 1985-03-06 1991-11-12 On-glass antenna
US4658259A (en) * 1985-03-06 1987-04-14 Blaese Herbert R On-glass antenna
US4794319A (en) * 1986-07-03 1988-12-27 Alliance Research Corporation Glass mounted antenna
US4779098A (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-10-18 Blaese Herbert R Modified on-glass antenna with decoupling members
US4785305A (en) * 1987-04-20 1988-11-15 Don Shyu Glass-mountable antenna assembly with microstrip filter
KR900006537B1 (ko) * 1987-10-19 1990-09-07 태림전자 주식회사 카폰용 안테나 어셈블리
US4931806A (en) * 1988-05-16 1990-06-05 The Antenna Company Window mounted antenna for a cellular mobile telephone
US4931805A (en) * 1988-05-16 1990-06-05 The Antenna Company Adhesive system and method for mounting a cellular telephone antenna
US4857939A (en) * 1988-06-03 1989-08-15 Alliance Research Corporation Mobile communications antenna
GB8821171D0 (en) * 1988-09-09 1988-10-12 Bantex Ltd Antenna
US4992800A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-02-12 Martino Research & Development Co. Windshield mounted antenna assembly
SE463285B (sv) * 1989-03-17 1990-10-29 Allgon Ab Radioantenn foer fordon
US4916456A (en) * 1989-05-12 1990-04-10 Don Shyu Glass-mountable antenna assembly
US5262795A (en) * 1990-01-30 1993-11-16 Cellular Ic, Inc. Unitary cellular antenna system
GB9007979D0 (en) * 1990-04-09 1990-06-06 Panorama Antennas Ltd Matching element for mobile antenna
GB2250637A (en) * 1990-12-05 1992-06-10 Leslie James Wallen Isolated antenna bases
JPH0553312U (ja) * 1991-12-17 1993-07-13 コメット株式会社 移動通信用アンテナ装置
US5463405A (en) * 1994-05-20 1995-10-31 Valor Enterprises, Inc. Cellular telephone coupling network
DE4443596B4 (de) * 1994-12-07 2004-12-16 Heinz Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindenmeier Funkantenne auf der Fensterscheibe eines Kraftfahrzeugs
SE9600321D0 (sv) * 1996-01-30 1996-01-30 Bjoern Heed Antenn

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL153036B (nl) * 1970-07-17 1977-04-15 Philips Nv Antenne-aansluitdoos en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
DE2257352A1 (de) * 1972-11-22 1974-05-30 Kathrein Werke Kg Fahrzeugantenne
US3823402A (en) * 1972-12-12 1974-07-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Antenna deployed from aircraft to contact a body of water for length reduction
FR2287116A1 (fr) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-30 Laurent Philippe Perfectionnements apportes aux antennes radio
US4089817A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-05-16 Stephen A. Denmar Antenna system
US4238799A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-12-09 Avanti Research & Development, Inc. Windshield mounted half-wave communications antenna assembly
JPS55102206U (ja) * 1979-01-09 1980-07-16
JPS6036889Y2 (ja) * 1979-03-28 1985-11-01 株式会社ヨコオ アンテナ装置
US4266227A (en) * 1979-08-20 1981-05-05 Avanti Research & Development, Inc. Mounting for mobile communications antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6077501A (ja) 1985-05-02
AU577539B2 (en) 1988-09-29
NZ209019A (en) 1988-04-29
JPH0374846B2 (ja) 1991-11-28
ATE88837T1 (de) 1993-05-15
DE3486135D1 (de) 1993-06-03
AU3192484A (en) 1985-03-28
ZA845849B (en) 1985-03-27
EP0137391A1 (en) 1985-04-17
CA1223339A (en) 1987-06-23
DE3486135T2 (de) 1993-09-16

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