EP0133850B1 - Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0133850B1
EP0133850B1 EP83107978A EP83107978A EP0133850B1 EP 0133850 B1 EP0133850 B1 EP 0133850B1 EP 83107978 A EP83107978 A EP 83107978A EP 83107978 A EP83107978 A EP 83107978A EP 0133850 B1 EP0133850 B1 EP 0133850B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
strip
magnet unit
magnetic force
printing drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83107978A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0133850A1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dr.-Ing. Kinkel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HARRIES and KINKEL Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
Original Assignee
HARRIES and KINKEL Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HARRIES and KINKEL Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH filed Critical HARRIES and KINKEL Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
Priority to AT83107978T priority Critical patent/ATE26141T1/de
Priority to DE8383107978T priority patent/DE3370500D1/de
Priority to EP83107978A priority patent/EP0133850B1/fr
Priority to US06/635,798 priority patent/US4660243A/en
Priority to JP59167736A priority patent/JPS6070208A/ja
Priority to ZA846212A priority patent/ZA846212B/xx
Publication of EP0133850A1 publication Critical patent/EP0133850A1/fr
Priority to US06/885,411 priority patent/US4692955A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0133850B1 publication Critical patent/EP0133850B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E01D2101/24—Concrete
    • E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
    • E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for selectively retaining a leading edge of a stencil printing master onto a printing drum of a rotary stencil printing device.
  • a certain type of rotary stencil printing device which incorporates a hollow printing drum around which a printing stencil master is wrapped is becoming widely used.
  • printing ink is supplied from within the drum through perforations which extend from its - inside space to its outer surface to the radially inner surface of the stencil master wrapped around the drum, and some of this ink passes through multiple perforations in certain previously perforated parts of the stencil master to the radially outward surface of the stencil master, whence this ink is then able to be transferred to the surface of a sheet of printing paper pressed against said outer surface of the stencil master, as the printing drum with the stencil master wrapped around it is rotated.
  • a means is required to be provided for retaining a leading edge of the stencil master along a generator of the printing drum, so that the stencil master is wrapped around the printing drum with a proper tension being applied thereto and the stencil sheet adhered around the printing drum by a viscous ink does not shift relative to the printing drum during the rotary stencil printing process.
  • the leading edge of the stencil master is formed with a reinforced lug portion, made for example of cardboard, and this lug portion is formed with a plurality of perforated engaging holes therein, and along the generator of the printing drum there are provided a number of engagement projections corresponding to these engaging holes, the cardboard Iug portion thus being retained against the printing drum along said generator with the engagement projections engaged into the engaging holes.
  • a clamp strip is generally provided to mechanically press the cardboard lug portion mechanically to the printing drum along said generator, or such a clamp strip may be omitted when the engagement between the holes and the projections is formed to be of a non-return type.
  • the stencil master with this form of stencil retaining system, is required to have the above mentioned reinforcing lug provided along its leading edge, it is not possible to utilize continous stencil master which is cut off from a roll of stencil master as and when required, but instead the stencil master sheets must be individually manufactured in advance with reinforcing lugs thereon, which is expensive.
  • a headless stencil master which is typically a piece of plastic material of the thickness of a few tens of microns, without any particular construction for the leading edge thereof, is a very desirable object for implementation in a stencil printing device, and accordingly the prior art schemes for retaining a leading edge of a stencil master onto a printing drum of a rotary stencil printing device are seriously deficient.
  • a system according to the preamble of claim 1, which is well adapted to the use of headless stencil masters which have no reinforced lug edge portions, is known from XEROX DISCLOSURE JOURNAL, vol. 3, no. 2, March/April 1978, page 107.
  • This system further is well adapted to a rotary stencil printing device in which the stencil masters are cut off from a roll of stencil master as and when required, and it does not require delicate alignment processes for the stencil master.
  • this known system is not well adapted to use in an automatic rotary stencil printing device in which the stencil masters are mounted and demounted automatically.
  • the magnet unit which is an essential feature of the invention is capable of selectively exerting either a strong magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum which holds said clamp strip by overcoming the attracting magnetic force applied thereto by said magnet strip or a weak magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum which releases said clamp strip by being overcome by the attractive magnetic force applied thereto by said magnet strip but is strong enough to hold said clamp strip when not substantially affected by the attractive magnetic force of said magnet strip.
  • the means for moving said magnet unit can be used to move said magnet unit close to said printing drum, and then the magnet unit is caused to exert its stronger magnetic force, which, provided that the various parameters of the apparatus are properly conceived, will pull the clamp strip away from the magnet strip. Then the magnet unit can be moved away from the printing drum, carrying the clamp strip with it, so as to release the leading edge of the stencil master, which can thereafter be removed.
  • said magnet unit comprises a permanent magnet which is movable between a first position in which said magnet unit exerts said strong magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum and a second position in which said magnet unit exerts said weak magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum, or alternatively by such a system for retaining a leading edge of a stencil master as proximately described above, wherein said magnet unit comprises an electromagnet which is selectively either strongly energizable so that said magnet unit exerts said strong magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum or weakly energizable so that said magnet unit exerts said weak magnetic force at its part facing towards said printing drum, which are suitable alternative possible constructions.
  • said magnet unit may further comprise a permanent magnet which substitutes a part of said weak magnetic force exerted by said magnet unit and which is strong enough to hold said clamp strip to said magnet unit when not substantially affected by the attractive magnetic force of said magnet strip.
  • the clamp strip when the clamp strip is positioned against the magnet strip with the leading edge of the stencil master in the direction of rotation of the printing drum during stencil printing in between them, the clamp strip is magnetically attracted towards the magnet strip and clamps said leading edge of the stencil master against the printing drum along said generator thereof securely. Then, by a self wrapping effect of the sort well known, the entire stencil master is held against the printing drum as it revolves for stencil printing.
  • the leading edge of the stencil master can be as thin as possible, so that this apparatus is well adapted to clamp a stencil master whose leading edge is made from the same thin plastic material as the rest of the stencil master, so that the system is well adapted to the use of headless stencil masters which have no reinforced lug edge portions, for instance ones which are cut off from a roll of stencil master as and when required. Delicate alignment processes for the stencil master are not required.
  • the magnet strip may be made of rubberized magnet material.
  • the risk of damage to the stencil master during securing of it and the risk of the leading edge of the stencil master becoming escaped from the clamping during stencil printing are both reduced, since such rubberized magnet material is relatively soft and also provides an increased friction coefficient.
  • Fig. 1 is a part sectional front elevational view of part of a printing drum of a rotary stencil printing device with a stencil master wrapped around it, the leading edge of said stencil master being secured along a generator of the drum by a first embodiment of a system for retaining a stencil master to a printing drum.
  • a printing drum 1 of a rotary stencil printing device of the type described earlier, with a stencil master S wrapped around it, is rotatably mounted so as to be able to turn around its axis by a means which is not shown in the figures, and the stencil master S is again wrapped around nearly the whole periphery of the printing drum 1 (although this is not particularly shown in the figures), with its leading edge retained and fixed along a generator of the printing drum 1.
  • the printing drum 1 has a preferred direction of rotation while the apparatus is being used for printing as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6, and again, by this mere fixing of the leading edge of the stencil master S to the printing drum 1 without any other part of the stencil master S being fixed.
  • a groove 3 is formed in the outer surface of the printing drum 1, extending approximately along said one of the generators thereof, and in this groove 3 there is embedded a permanent magnet strip 2, so that the outer surface 4 of the magnet strip 2 is substantially flush with the outer surface of the printing drum 1 and extends along said generator thereof.
  • This outer surface 4 of the permanent magnet strip 2 is soft and the permanent magnet strip 2 may be desirably made out of multipole magnet rubber strip of a per se well known sort.
  • the outer surface 4 of the magnet strip 2 is substantially flush with the outer surface of the printing drum 1 and extends along said generator thereof. It is desirable that the permanent magnet strip 2 should be designed such that the outer surface 4 is soft and provides a high frictional coefficient, and so that the attractive magnetic force exerted by the magnet strip 2 should be effected in a uniform distribution over the whole length of the magnet strip 2.
  • a support frame 5 to which there is fitted a gear box 6.
  • This gear box 6 rotatably supports a shaft 8 which extends in the horizontal direction from the point of view of the figures, on which a pinion 7 is fixedly mounted within the gear box 6, and also slidably supports a rack 9, which extends in the vertical direction from the point of view of the figures, and on which are formed a plurality of teeth which are mesh with the teeth of the pinion 7.
  • the shaft 8 is driven by an electric motor 21, which is controlled as will hereinafter be explained, and at the lower part of the rack 8 there is fixedly mounted a magnet unit, generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • the rack 9 may be driven upwards and downwards, as desired, and the magnet unit 10 either may be lowered downwards in the figures towards the printing drum 1 to a position shown by phantom lines in Fig. 6 in which its lower surface is very close to the surface of said printing drum 1, or may be raised upwards in the figures away from the printing drum 1 to a position shown by solid lines in Fig. 6 in which its said lower surface is some distance away from the surface of said printing drum 1.
  • the magnet unit 10 is of a particular construction which will now be explained, and its function is that, according to selective control thereof, it can either provide at its underside in the drawings a magnetic field of a first intensity, or a magnetic field of a second intensity which is substantially greater than said first intensity.
  • the magnet unit 10 comprises a cylindrical sleeve 11 with a cylindrical permanent magnet 13 mounted in it, supported by a bracket 14.
  • the sleeve 11 is of a particular construction which is best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which are transverse cross sectional views of said sleeve 11 taken in a plane perpendicular to its central axis, showing it in two different operational states.
  • the sleeve 11 is formed from two semicylindrical members 11a, which are formed rather like portions of gutter being semicircular in their cross sections, and two arcuate members 11b, which are formed like extended plate strips and each one of the long edges of each of which is joined to one of the long edges of one of the semicylindrical members 11a.
  • the entire sleeve member 11 is formed as a hollow cylindrical tube.
  • the semicylindrical shaped members 11 a are formed of a ferromagnetic material, and the arcuate members 11b are formed of a paramagnetic material.
  • the sleeve member 11 is formed with a flat bottom face 11c which is provided substantially by one of the arcuate members 11 b located at the lower side thereof.
  • the cylindrical permanent magnet 13, mounted within the central hole of the sleeve 11, is fixedly secured to a rotatably mounted shaft 12 so as to be rotatable about its central axis.
  • the cylindrical permanent magnet 13 is magnetized in such an orientation that its north pole extends along one of the generators of its outer cylindrical surface and its south pole extends along the opposite generator of said surface, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8.
  • a compression coil spring 20 biases the lever 15 and the permanent magnet 13 in the clockwise direction as seen in Fig. 6.
  • the solenoid device 17 is supplied with actuating electrical energy, against the biasing action of the compression coil spring 20 the lever 15 and the shaft 12 and the permanent magnet 13 are positioned to a first position as shown in Fig.
  • a clamp strip 22 is provided extending generally in the longitudinal direction of the printing drum 1 and being quite physically separate therefrom.
  • the clamp strip 22 is made of a magnetically susceptible material which is attracted by a magnetic field, such as for example thin stainless steel strip, and in this first preferred embodiment is quite stiff.
  • a magnetic field such as for example thin stainless steel strip
  • the clamp strip 22 is laid substantially along the magnet strip 2, in the position shown in Fig. 2 by the phantom lines, it is attracted by the upper surface 4 of the magnet strip 2 inlaid into said printing drum 1 with a considerable force.
  • the clamp strip 22 is laid against the lower surface 11c of the sleeve 11, in the position shown in Fig. 2 by the solid lines and in Fig. 1, it is attracted by said bottom surface 11 again with a considerable force.
  • the solenoid device 17 and the electric motor 21 are selectively supplied with actuating electrical energy from a controller which will not be particularly described herein with regards to its structure but only in terms of its appropriate function, since these functions are periodic operations which can be performed by a controller of a per se well known type employing conventional sequence control technology, and thus various detailed structures therefor will be easily supplemented, if required, by one of ordinary skill in the relevant art.
  • the device described above operates as follows.
  • the electric motor 21 is operated so as, via the shaft 8, the gearbox 6, and the rack 9, to raise the magnet unit 10 to its position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by the solid lines in which the lower surface 11c of the sleeve 11 is some distance away from the surface of the printing drum 1, with the clamp strip 22 magnetically attached to said lower surface lie of the sleeve 11 and removed from the permanent magnet strip 2, but parallel thereto.
  • the solenoid device 17 is not supplied with actuating electrical energy, so that as explained above the permanent magnet 13 of the magnet unit 10 is in its second rotary position as shown in Fig.
  • the printing drum 1 is positioned to its position with said permanent magnet strip 2 opposed to the magnet unit 10 and the clamp strip 22.
  • the leading edge of the stencil master S is laid along the aforesaid generator of the drum 1, on top of the soft upper surface 4 of the permanent strip 2; this may be done mechanically and automatically, although the details are not shown herein because they are not part of the present invention.
  • This leading edge of the stencil master S again is not particularly reinforced, but is just made of the said material as the remainder of the stencil master S, i.e. a thin plastic material.
  • the electric motor 21 is again operated so as, via the shaft 8, the gearbox 6, and the rack 9, to raise the magnet unit 10 back to its position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by the solid lines in which the lower surface 11 of the sleeve 11 is some distance away from the surface of the printing drum 1.
  • the printing drum 1 is positioned to its position as shown in the figures with said permanent magnet strip 2 and said clamp strip 22 opposed to the magnet unit 10.
  • the solenoid device 17 is supplied with actuating electrical energy, so that the permanent magnet 13 is in its first rotary position as shown in Fig. 3, so that the magnetic field at the lower surface 11c of the sleeve 11 is of said certain first relatively high intensity.
  • the electric motor 21 is activated so as to lower the magnet unit 10 downwards in the figures towards the printing drum 1 to the position shown by phantom lines in Fig. 2 in which the lower surface 11c of the sleeve 11 is very close to or in contact with the clamp strip 22 still stuck to the printing drum 1, and in this condition the magnetic attraction of the magnet strip 2 is overcome by the magnetic attraction of the magnet unit 10, so that the clamp strip 22 is removed away from the permanent magnet strip 2, and comes to be held against said lower surface 11c of the sleeve 11 of the magnet unit 10.
  • the electric motor 21 is again operated so as, via the shaft 8, the gearbox 6, and the rack 9, to raise the magnet unit 10 back to its raised position, carrying the clamp strip 22 with it, the leading edge of the stencil master S being released from being retained to the permanent magnet strip 2 of the printing drum 1.
  • the stencil master S is removed from the drum 1; this may be done mechanically and automatically, by for example a pick off or peeling off claw, although the details are not shown herein because they are not part of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a front part sectional elevational view, similarto Fig. 1 forthefirst preferred embodiment, showing a part of a printing drum of a rotary stencil printing device with a stencil master wrapped around it, the leading edge of said stencil master being in the process of being secured along a generator of the drum by a second preferred embodiment of the system for retaining a stencil master to a printing drum.
  • parts of the second embodiment shown which correspond to parts of the first embodiment shown in Figs. 1 through 4 and which have the same functions, are designated by the same reference numerals and symbols as in those figures.
  • This second preferred embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first preferred embodiment described above and shown in Figs. 1 through 4, except that the structure of the magnet unit 10' is different from that of the former magnet unit 10.
  • the lower end of the rack 9 is fixed to a support 30 which extends parallel to the axis of the printing drum 1.
  • To this support plate 30 there arefixedtwo electromagnets31, each of which has two pole pieces 32, each of which has a bottom surface 33 which projects downwards in the figure through the support plate 30 and faces the permanent magnet strip 2, which is inlaid into the printing drum 1 as before.
  • two relatively weak permanent magnets 34 each of which, again, has a bottom surface which projects downwards in the figure and faces the permanent magnet strip 2.
  • this magnet unit 10' is similar to that of the magnet unit 10 of the first preferred embodiment described above, but is obtained via a different construction. That is, when the electromagnets 31 are supplied with actuating electrical energy, they produce a magnetic field at the lower surface of the magnet unit 10', in combination with the permanent magnets 34, of a certain first relatively high intensity; but on the other hand, when the electromagnets 31 are not supplied with actuating electrical energy, they produce substantially no magnetic field of their own at the lower surface of the magnet unit 10', and thus substantially only the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 34 is present at said lower surface, and is of a certain second relatively low intensity.
  • the electromagnets 31 are controlled by the above mentioned controller, as in the case of the second preferred embodiment.
  • this second preferred embodiment operates in substantially the same manner as the above first embodiment, by the two electromagnets 31 being selectively energized or deenergized just like the solenoid device 17 in the first preferred embodiment, so as to provide a strong magnetic attraction or a weak magnetic attraction to the clamp strip 22. Therefore, no further repetitive explanations of the operation of this second preferred embodiment will be made, in order to avoid redundancy of description.

Claims (6)

  1. tourner autour de son axe central, une crémaillère (9) supportée par le mécanisme de façon à pouvoir coulisser par rapport à lui en engrenant avec le pignon, une extrémité de la crémaillère étant reliée à l'unité magnétique.
  2. 6. Système selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens supports comportent en outre un moteur électrique réversible (21) porté par le bâti (5) de façon à entraîner en rotation le pignon (6) sélectivement dans un sens ou dans l'autre.
EP83107978A 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint Expired EP0133850B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83107978T ATE26141T1 (de) 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Verfahren zur errichtung eines spannbetonueberbaus einer bruecke und fertigungsgeraet zur durchfuehrung desselben.
DE8383107978T DE3370500D1 (en) 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Method and apparatus for constructing a prestressed concrete superstructure of a bridge
EP83107978A EP0133850B1 (fr) 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint
US06/635,798 US4660243A (en) 1983-08-11 1984-07-30 Method for erecting a bridge superstructure of prestressed concrete and launching girder for performing the same
JP59167736A JPS6070208A (ja) 1983-08-11 1984-08-10 プレストレストコンクリ−ト製の橋の上部構造を架設する方法及びこの方法を実施するのに用いる手延式桁
ZA846212A ZA846212B (en) 1983-08-11 1984-08-10 A method for erecting a bridge superstructure of prestressed concrete and launching girder for performing the same
US06/885,411 US4692955A (en) 1983-08-11 1986-07-14 Method for erecting a bridge superstructure of prestressed concrete and launching girder for performing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83107978A EP0133850B1 (fr) 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0133850A1 EP0133850A1 (fr) 1985-03-13
EP0133850B1 true EP0133850B1 (fr) 1987-03-25

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ID=8190629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83107978A Expired EP0133850B1 (fr) 1983-08-11 1983-08-11 Procédé et appareil pour la construction d'un tablier de pont en béton précontraint

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US4660243A (fr)
EP (1) EP0133850B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6070208A (fr)
AT (1) ATE26141T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3370500D1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA846212B (fr)

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CN103911953A (zh) * 2014-04-14 2014-07-09 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 用于高架、桥梁安装的组合顶推装置及其不间歇顶推方法

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CN101324056B (zh) * 2008-08-06 2011-01-12 中铁大桥局股份有限公司 一种上承式移动模架
ES2383410A1 (es) * 2012-02-13 2012-06-21 Structural Research, S.L. Procedimiento de construcción de puente hiperestático prefabricado para grandes luces
CN104562934B (zh) * 2013-10-21 2016-05-04 湖北华舟重工应急装备股份有限公司 一种机械化桥推桥机构
JP5727687B1 (ja) * 2014-10-17 2015-06-03 朝日エンヂニヤリング株式会社 床版橋構造
CN105274942B (zh) * 2015-11-23 2017-05-31 柳州欧维姆工程有限公司 大跨度连续钢桁梁多点同步自动循环交替滑靴顶推系统及其施工方法
CN106404372B (zh) * 2016-10-12 2019-03-08 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 一种轨道交通u梁静荷载试验装置及方法
CN109594482B (zh) * 2018-11-19 2020-06-05 上海同新机电控制技术有限公司 一种挂胶轮式连续顶推设备
CN110593117A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 宁波大学 钢箱梁安装系统及其施工方法
CN114922077B (zh) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-03 中交武汉港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 分离式桥梁步进装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103911953A (zh) * 2014-04-14 2014-07-09 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 用于高架、桥梁安装的组合顶推装置及其不间歇顶推方法
CN103911953B (zh) * 2014-04-14 2015-10-28 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 用于高架、桥梁安装的组合顶推装置及其不间歇顶推方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4692955A (en) 1987-09-15
US4660243A (en) 1987-04-28
DE3370500D1 (en) 1987-04-30
JPS6070208A (ja) 1985-04-22
EP0133850A1 (fr) 1985-03-13
ATE26141T1 (de) 1987-04-15
ZA846212B (en) 1985-05-29

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