EP0131771B1 - Dispositif de forage notamment pour l'usage dans l'exploitation souterraine - Google Patents

Dispositif de forage notamment pour l'usage dans l'exploitation souterraine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0131771B1
EP0131771B1 EP84106927A EP84106927A EP0131771B1 EP 0131771 B1 EP0131771 B1 EP 0131771B1 EP 84106927 A EP84106927 A EP 84106927A EP 84106927 A EP84106927 A EP 84106927A EP 0131771 B1 EP0131771 B1 EP 0131771B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
pressure
high pressure
drilling device
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84106927A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0131771A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spies
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84106927T priority Critical patent/ATE26326T1/de
Publication of EP0131771A1 publication Critical patent/EP0131771A1/fr
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Publication of EP0131771B1 publication Critical patent/EP0131771B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/20Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/22Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling device, in particular for use in underground mining operations, the drill bit of which is arranged deepest in the borehole for cutting the rock and has high-pressure water jet nozzles and is connected to a high-pressure pump by a flexible high-pressure hose line.
  • Such a drilling device known from the prior art (DE-A-3 141 856) has the particular advantage that no rigid boring bars are required.
  • the flexible high-pressure hose line allows holes of any length to be produced in one direction from narrow spaces in a mine, the length of the holes being limited only by the length of the high-pressure hose.
  • the previously known drilling device of the type mentioned has the disadvantage that the boreholes produced with it must have a very large caliber and can only be held in a directionally stable manner with difficulty.
  • the relatively large caliber is necessary because in the known drilling device the rotary drive and the feed drive are arranged deepest in the borehole and require appropriate space. Due to the relatively large caliber, the previously known drilling device can only be used economically in easily drilled rock, for example for drilling in coal seams for the production of impregnation holes, but not in hard rock for the production of small-caliber rock anchor holes or blast holes.
  • the directional stability is poor because the high-pressure hose line cannot provide the drill bit with any guidance.
  • a drilling device is also known, the small-caliber drill bit for cutting the rock is provided with high-pressure water jet nozzles.
  • hollow, rotatably driven rigid boring bars are used for supplying the high-pressure water, so that this device has no significant advantages over conventional drilling devices with a rigid drill pipe.
  • the flexible shaft As the drill pipe, which stiffens when a torque is applied to form a rigid rod.
  • the flexible shaft consists of a flexible inner element and an outer helical spring element, which is also flexible and, when a correspondingly strong torque is transmitted, reduces its diameter in such a way that it presses onto the flexible inner element from the outside and stiffens with it Unity forms.
  • this flexible shaft is grasped immediately below the mouth of the borehole by the rotary and feed drive arranged there, so that only the section of the flexible shaft located in the borehole is rigid, while the section of the flexible shaft behind the rotating and feed device is flexible remains.
  • This drilling device therefore allows the flexible boron rod to be angled in any direction.
  • the invention proposes, starting from a drilling device of the type mentioned at the outset, that the high-pressure hose line is designed to be torsionally rigid, is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the drill bit and the rotary drive of the drilling machine, and is mounted in a non-rotatable jacket tube which can be deflected elastically from the extended position, which is rigid in the radial direction, is guided in the region of the mouth of the borehole in a deflection device and can be displaced in its longitudinal direction together with the high-pressure hose line.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that when drilling with high-pressure water jet nozzles, relatively low feed forces and torques have to be transmitted from the boron rod.
  • the torque to be transmitted only needs to overcome the friction resulting from the rotation of the nozzle drill bit and the high-pressure hose.
  • the feed force only has to compensate for the weight of the nozzle drill bit, the high pressure hose and the cladding tube as well as the recoil force of the nozzles.
  • neither torques nor feed forces need to be transmitted.
  • a torsionally rigid high-pressure hose line is completely sufficient for the transmission of the relatively weak torque.
  • a sufficiently rigid cladding tube that can be deflected elastically from the extended position is also sufficient for the transmission of the relatively low feed forces.
  • the cladding tube cannot be rotated, it can be guided in a particularly simple manner in a deflection device in the region of the borehole mouth and, due to its elastic restoring forces in the borehole, forms a sufficiently precise guide for the drill bit, so that a directionally stable drilling is ensured.
  • anchor drill holes of any length can be produced with the drilling device according to the invention, the direction of which runs at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the line. In the same way, it is possible to produce angled boreholes angled from the edge of the route on the face.
  • a preferred embodiment of the drilling device according to the invention provides that the cladding tube consists of a helical spring wound from spring steel wire with adjoining screw threads.
  • Such a cladding tube is cheap and easy to manufacture, has relatively great rigidity in the extended position and can nevertheless be angled as desired in the region of the deflection device without changing its diameter.
  • the high-pressure hose is surrounded by a wear jacket, in particular in the form of a helical spring that is tightly wound around the high-pressure hose.
  • This coil spring protects the high-pressure hose from wear and is also suitable to a certain extent to support the torsional rigidity of the high-pressure hose.
  • the cladding tube is lined liquid-tight on the inner wall and / or the outer wall and the annular space between the cladding tube and the high-pressure hose is filled with grease.
  • the deflection device In order to give the cladding tube exact guidance over a sufficiently large length in the deflection area, the deflection device has a deflection roller and a link chain-like, angularly adjustable guide equipped with guide rollers, which guides the cladding tube behind the deflection roller.
  • the deflection device has a tapping guide, which can be shifted and locked to change the deflection angle on a guide curve and is connected to the link chain-like guide, the guide curve being designed such that the link chain-like guide is always tensioned and one forms the optimum bending radius for the cladding tube.
  • This deflection device allows the cladding tube and the high-pressure hose guided therein, to the extreme end of which the nozzle drill bit is attached, to be brought into the correct position during drilling and to be pushed in the correct angular position during the entire drilling process.
  • the deflection device In order to ensure a straight course of the cladding tube outside the borehole, the deflection device contains drive rollers which keep the cladding tube stretched in the longitudinal direction between the deflection device and the drilling machine.
  • the drilling machine is expediently mounted on a drill carriage and can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the drill carriage by means of a controllable feed drive by advancing the cladding tube and the high-pressure hose rotatably mounted therein. Since the longitudinal axis of the drill carriage can run at any angle to the longitudinal axis of the borehole, such a drill carriage can easily be set up, for example, on the faceplate or in the edge region of a line.
  • a rotatable pressurized water supply is expediently arranged at the beginning of the high pressure hose.
  • a hollow shaft is provided which is connected to the high-pressure hose and is driven by the rotary drive of the drilling machine, which is rotatably mounted in a pressurized water pressure housing, is provided in the center with openings for the pressurized water inlet and on both sides through the center symmetrically arranged sealing sleeves is sealed against the pressure housing.
  • the invention further provides that the sealing sleeves are acted upon on the rear side by a second pressure medium of high viscosity, the pressure of which is slightly higher than that of the pressurized water.
  • This highly viscous second pressure medium prevents high-pressure water from passing through the sealing sleeves, but due to its high viscosity only reaches the pressure water in very small quantities.
  • a pressure intensifier is switched on between the high-pressure water and the high viscosity medium, the transmission ratio of which is between 1: 1.1 and 1: 2.
  • the feed speeds of the drive rollers of the deflection device, the speed of rotation of the drilling machine and the operating pressure of the high-pressure pump are advantageously regulated in such a way that an optimal drilling progress results depending on the hardness of the rock to be drilled.
  • Such a control device enables optimal drilling results, even if the hardness of the rock to be drilled changes.
  • the feed speed of the feed drive of the drill and the feed speed of the drive rollers of the deflection device are expediently coordinated with one another in such a way that the cladding tube between the drill and the deflection device is always kept tight. On the one hand, this prevents the feed drive of the drive rollers from pulling the heavy drilling machine. On the other hand, it is avoided that the cladding tube between the drill and the deflection device is bent laterally.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that the device for angled drilling is arranged on a normal drill carriage 1 with a pivotable boom 2 and a drill carriage 3.
  • a different type of manipulator can also accommodate the drill carriage 3, for example a device suitable for mechanized tunneling or the production of anchor drill holes in extraction struts.
  • a nozzle drill bit 4 is arranged at the free end of a pressure supply system, which is designated in its entirety with the reference number 5 and can be deflected by a deflection device 7 directly in front of the borehole mouth 6.
  • a drill 8 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the drill carriage.
  • the high-pressure water is fed to the drilling machine 8 from a high-pressure pump 10 via a connection high-pressure hose line 9.
  • Rotating and swiveling cylinders 11 and a locking device 12 for fixing the drill carriage 3 complete the device.
  • the drilling machine 8 moves on the drill carriage 3 towards the borehole, while the deflection of the pressure supply system 5 takes place in the deflection device 7.
  • the length of the angled borehole is not determined by the narrowness of the pit space, but only by the movement stroke of the drilling machine 8 on the drilling mount 3 and the total length of the pressure supply system 5.
  • the pressure supply system 5 shown in Fig. 2 consists of a torsionally rigid high-pressure hose 13, the clear cross section of which is dimensioned such that the amount of water required for the nozzle core bit 4 can be passed through without too great a pressure loss, and the bursting pressure of which is so high that there is sufficient security compared to the maximum operating pressure.
  • a helical spring 14 is firmly wound around this high-pressure hose line 13, which serves as wear protection and additionally increases the torsional rigidity.
  • the high-pressure hose line 13 and the helical spring 14 are arranged in a cladding tube 15 with a sufficiently large amount of play, which is also designed as a tightly wound helical spring with adjoining screw threads.
  • the annular space 16 between the helical spring 14 and the cladding tube 15 is filled with lubricant, preferably with grease, in order to reduce the mutual friction when the high-pressure hose line 13 is rotated in the cladding tube 15 arranged in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • lubricant preferably with grease
  • the inner wall of the casing tube 15, which is designed as a helical spring, is of course formed with a corresponding liquid-tight covering.
  • the design of the cladding tube 15 as a helical spring with adjoining screw threads means that the cladding tube is relatively stable in the extended position and can nevertheless be deflected by appropriate deflecting forces.
  • Fig. 3 shows the basic structure and operation of the device for angled high pressure water drilling.
  • a tapping guide 17 which gives the cladding tube 15 and the high-pressure hose line arranged therein and carrying the nozzle drill bit 4 the required exact guidance at the desired angle during tapping.
  • the tapping guide 17 has a bore 18 which also leads the cladding tube 15 in the desired direction during the normal drilling process.
  • the tapping guide is covered by a sleeve 19 which ensures that the drilling water and cuttings emerging from the borehole mouth 6 do not contaminate the tapping guide 17 and the other mechanical devices or stick after drying out.
  • the tapping guide 17 can be displaced and locked on a guide curve 20 of the deflection device 7 by movement mechanisms which are not shown in detail.
  • the drilling machine 8 can be moved on the drill carriage 3 by means of a feed drive 23, the feed drive being a hydraulic, electric or compressed air motor with a controllable rotational speed in order to generate a variable feed speed which automatically adapts to the needs of the drilling process.
  • Another motor 24, which is also controllable, generates the rotary movement necessary for drilling via a countershaft 25, the high-pressure water being fed into the high-pressure hose line 13 from the high-pressure pump 10 via the rotatable pressurized water feed 26.
  • the control motors for the drive rollers 27 as well as the propulsion drive 23 and the motor 24 can be linked to one another by a control system, measured values relating to the progress of the drilling being entered into the control system and automatically ensuring an optimal interaction of the drives and thus an optimal drilling process via its logic circuit.
  • the water pressure of the high pressure pump 10 can also be influenced by this control mechanism.
  • the guide 22 constructed in the manner of a link chain is connected to the tapping guide 17 in such a way that the tapping guide 17 and the link chain-like guide 22 simultaneously move with one another when the articulation angle changes.
  • This pressurized water feed 26 has a hollow shaft 38 which is rotatably mounted in a pressure housing 39 and has openings 37 in the center for the passage of the high pressure water and a connection 40 at one end for the connection of the high pressure hose line 13 having.
  • the shaft is driven at its opposite end 41 by the motor 24 shown in FIG. 3 and the countershaft 25.
  • the sealing elements for the hollow shaft 38 are constructed symmetrically. The main sealing takes place on the two sealing sleeves 42.
  • the sealing sleeves 42 are pressurized from their rear side via chambers 43 with a slightly higher pressure than the one to be sealed with a highly viscous second pressure medium .
  • a pressure intensifier 44 which is pressurized with the high-pressure water on its full piston surface 45 and with the highly viscous second pressure medium on its annular surface 46, ensures that the sealing sleeves 42 are each subjected to a slightly higher pressure than the operating pressure on their rear side, thereby providing an absolute seal of the high pressure water is achieved.
  • Two further sealing sleeves 47 seal the highly viscous medium. Because of the considerably higher viscosity compared to the high pressure water and the lubricity of the second pressure medium, there are no sealing problems at this sealing point.
  • the sealing sleeves 48 only serve to avoid pressure losses of the highly viscous medium and the ingress of dust.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Dispositif de forage, en particulier pour exploitation minière souterraine, dont la couronne de forage (4) disposée au plus profond du trou de forage présente, pour découper la roche, des gicleurs de jets d'eau sous haute haute pression, et est reliée à une pompe à haute pression (10) par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau flexible à haute pression (13), caractérisé en ce que le tuyau à haute pression (13) est constitué de façon rigide à la torsion, qu'il est relié solidaire en rotation à la couronne de forage (4) et au système d'entraînement en rotation (24, 25) de la machine de forage (8) et qu'il est monté dans un tube de gainage (15) non rotatif, pouvant être dévié élastiquement hors de la position allongée, constitué de façon rigide dans le sens radial, guidé au voisinage du débouché du trou de forage (6) dans un dispositif de déviation (7) et déplaçable conjointement avec le tuyau à haute pression (13) dans le sens de la longueur.
2. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tube de gainage (15) est constitué par un ressort hélicoïdal formé par enroulement à spires jointives d'un fil en acier à ressort.
3. Dispositif de forage selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau à haute pression (13) est entouré d'une gaine d'usure, en particulier sous la forme d'un ressort hélicoïdal (14) enroulé étroitement autour du tyau à haute pression (13).
4. Dispositif de forage selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le tube de gainage (15) est revêtu de façon étanche aux liquides sur sa face intérieure et/ou sur sa face extérieure, et que l'espace annulaire (16) compris entre le tube de gainage (15) et le tuyau à haute pression (13) est rempli de graisse.
5. Dispositif de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déviation (7) présente une poulie de déviation (21) et une guide (22) à réglage angulaire, en forme de chaîne articulée, garnie de poulies de guidage (31 à 34).
6. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déviation (7) présente un guide d'amorce de forage (17) qui, pour modifier l'angle de déviation, est déplaçable et immobilisable sur une courbe de guidage (20) et qui est relié au guide (22) en forme de chaîne articulée, la courbe de guidage (20) étant conçue de façon que le guide (22) en forme de chaîne articulée soit toujours tendu et forme un rayon de courbure optimal.
7. Dispositif de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déviation (7), est protégé contre les salissures sortant du trou de forage au moyen d'une manchette (19) placée au dessus du guide d'amorce de forage (17).
8. Dispositif de forage selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déviation (7) comporte des poulies motrices (27) qui maintennent le tube de gainage (15) tendu dans le sens longitudinal entre le dispositif de déviation (7) et la machine de forage (8).
9. Dispositif de forage selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la machine de forage (8) est monté sur un affût de forage (3) et qu'elle est déplaçable dans le sens longitudinal de l'affût de forage (3) au moyen d'un système d'entraînement d'avance (23) réglable, avec avancement du tube de gainage (15) et du tuyau à haute pression (13) monté en rotation à l'intérieur de ce tube.
10. Dispositif de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'au début du tuyau à haute pression (13) est disposé un système rotatif d'alimentation en eau sous pression (26).
11. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le système d'alimentation en eau sous pression (26) présente un arbre creux (38) relié au tuyau à haute pression (13), entraîné en rotation par le système d'entraînement en rotation (24, 25), de la machine de forage (8), monté en rotation dans un boîtier sous pression (39) pouvant être alimenté en eau sous pression, est munie en son milieu d'orifices (37) pour l'entrée de l'eau sous pression et est rendu étanche par rapport au boîtier sous pression (39) de part et d'autre du milieu, par des manchettes d'étanchéité (42) disposées symétriquement.
12. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les manchettes d'étanchéité (42) sont alimentées, sur leur face arrière, par un deuxième milieu sous pression à viscosité élevée dont la pression est légèrement supérieure à celle de l'eau sous pression.
13. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'un intensificateur de pression (44) est placé entre l'eau sous haute pression et le milieu à viscosité élevée.
. 14. Dispositif de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'avancement des poulies motrices (25) du dispositif de déviation (7), la vitesse de rotation de la machine de forage (8) et la pression d'exploitation de la pompe à haute pression (10) sont ajustées de façon à produire une progression optimale du forage en fonction de la dureté de la roche à forcer.
15. Dispositif de forage selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'avancement du système d'avancement (23) de la machine de forage (8) et la vitesse d'avancement des poulies motrices (27) du dispositif de déviation (7) sont accordées l'une sur l'autre de façon que le tube de gainage (15) soit maintenu constamment tendu entre la machine de forage (8) et le dispositif de déviation (7).
EP84106927A 1983-06-22 1984-06-16 Dispositif de forage notamment pour l'usage dans l'exploitation souterraine Expired EP0131771B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84106927T ATE26326T1 (de) 1983-06-22 1984-06-16 Bohreinrichtung, insbesondere zur verwendung im untertaegigen grubenbetrieb.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3322427 1983-06-22
DE3322427A DE3322427C2 (de) 1983-06-22 1983-06-22 Bohreinrichtung, insbesondere zur Verwendung im untertägigen Grubenbetrieb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0131771A1 EP0131771A1 (fr) 1985-01-23
EP0131771B1 true EP0131771B1 (fr) 1987-04-01

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EP84106927A Expired EP0131771B1 (fr) 1983-06-22 1984-06-16 Dispositif de forage notamment pour l'usage dans l'exploitation souterraine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4625815A (fr)
EP (1) EP0131771B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE26326T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3322427C2 (fr)

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CN101975054B (zh) * 2010-09-30 2013-01-16 太原理工大学 切割煤层的高压水力割缝机
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CN104895484B (zh) * 2015-06-08 2017-07-28 平顶山市铁福来机电设备有限公司 一种煤矿井下履带式钻进冲孔一体化装备
CN105134112B (zh) * 2015-09-11 2017-08-22 重庆大学 煤矿井下瓦斯抽采钻孔的洗孔方法
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PL3693535T3 (pl) * 2019-02-11 2021-11-08 Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy System wiertniczy, maszyna wiertnicza i sposób
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US4625815A (en) 1986-12-02
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DE3322427A1 (de) 1985-01-10
EP0131771A1 (fr) 1985-01-23

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