EP0124855A1 - Building element for the construction of foundations and protective structures - Google Patents

Building element for the construction of foundations and protective structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124855A1
EP0124855A1 EP84104870A EP84104870A EP0124855A1 EP 0124855 A1 EP0124855 A1 EP 0124855A1 EP 84104870 A EP84104870 A EP 84104870A EP 84104870 A EP84104870 A EP 84104870A EP 0124855 A1 EP0124855 A1 EP 0124855A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
wedge
elements
section
construction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84104870A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0124855B1 (en
Inventor
Zygmunt Michnowski
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OFFERTA DI LICENZA AL PUBBLICO
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Politechnika Warszawska
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Priority to AT84104870T priority Critical patent/ATE30613T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
    • E04B5/261—Monolithic filling members
    • E04B5/265—Monolithic filling members with one or more hollow cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
    • E04C5/0653—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts with precast parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component for creating basic and protective structures of building constructions, in particular in residential construction.
  • a set internally hollow prefabricated units of cubic shape is already known, having the walls and arms, the m of a single Grundele- e nt double finished device and consists of a prefabricated building element, which forms a half times the basic element.
  • One of the longer walls of the basic element is provided with a vertical slot in the middle part, which separates two inwardly directed arms.
  • One of the shorter walls has a compartment shaped towards the center of the element and parallel to the arm, which together with it forms the receptacle for another element.
  • the double prefabricated building element has two vertical slots on one of the longer walls, which are separated by an inner wall.
  • the inner wall ends with two inward arms and two outer shorter walls are each provided with a compartment, an arm and a holder.
  • the one Half and a half length of the single basic element is designed so that one of the basic elements of the double prefabricated element is cut off in the middle of the length of its longer wall and ends with an arm formed at this point and directed towards the center.
  • the component or element according to the invention which has a rectangular flat shape and whose cross section with the longer base has a wedge that forms its edge, at least one of its corners is provided with a cutout whose edges enclose an angle between 30 and 150 °, or at least one corner with a bung in the form of a straight prism, preferably with a trapezoidal base, is provided.
  • At least one corner has a cutout and at least one other corner has a wedge.
  • These cutouts and wedges form the receptacles for assembling and connecting the elements and for creating spaces made with thermal insulation material or Slats for attaching wall panels, etc., can be filled.
  • An element provided with such a cross section can be used in multiple functions and universally, for example for the construction of ceilings, ceiling roofs, posts with reinforced concrete cores, supporting and protective walls, installation ducts, floors, lintels, beams, bars, posts with foundation feet and chimneys.
  • the component can be made from a wide variety of artificial and natural materials as well as waste materials. Depending on the material used, it has a full, an open, a chamber or a slot cross section.
  • the element can have different resistance and thermal insulation properties as required. This depends on the material used and the cross-section.
  • the elements can be created on site. Costly board formwork is avoided, as is necessary when constructing reinforced concrete skeleton structures, especially mullions and transoms.
  • the component according to the invention enables the implementation of mullions and transoms directly in formwork which prevents freezing.
  • two- or three-layer elements can be designed with an additional heat-insulating insert, which has a finished surface layer. Depending on the composition of the elements, especially in two- and multi-layer constructions, the required resistance and thermal insulation values are achieved.
  • buildings can be produced in the raw state using only one shape.
  • the component shown in Fig. 1 has a rectangular flat shape with a wedge bung 1, the longer base of which forms an edge of the element.
  • the corners opposite each other with respect to the wedge bung are provided with cutouts 2, one edge of the cutout 2 being parallel underneath is inclined at an acute angle to the base.
  • the component is designed as a full T or chamber K construction.
  • a heat-insulating insert N can be used, which fills the cutout for a firm connection.
  • the component is provided with wedges 3 on the sides opposite one another with respect to the wedge plug 1, the wedge having the shape of a prism with a trapezoidal base on one edge and two such wedges being provided on the other edge .
  • the distance 1 of the wedges depends on the dimensions of other elements that interact with it.
  • the component has a wedge 3 at one corner or edge and at another, e.g. opposite the narrowing edge, a cutout 2.
  • the components are used to create basic elements of building structures.
  • the ceiling shown in Fig. 4 is made of two layers of components with cutouts 2, the dovetail-shaped splines or wedges 1 facing each other.
  • the cutouts 2 of the lower elements are supported on ceiling beams 4, the cutouts 2 of the upper components form the compartment or the receptacle of a support beam 5.
  • the roof shown in FIG. 5, designed as a ceiling, is made up of two layers of structural elements with cutouts 2 formed at the corners, which are arranged opposite the narrowing edges of the wedge bung 1.
  • the roof contains wooden rafters 6 or reinforced concrete rafters 7, between which to increase the thermal insulation with chambers guided components 8 or components 9 made of heat-insulating material are arranged.
  • the post with reinforced concrete core shown in Fig. 6 has a rectangular cross section; it is formed by components facing one another with its wedge bores 1, namely from solid elements 10 and / or heat-insulating and insulating components 11 with heat-insulating insert.
  • the solid elements 10 serve as formwork for the reinforced concrete cast into the wedge bung 1. In addition, like the reinforced concrete core, they have a supporting function, while preventing buckling of the reinforced concrete core.
  • the solid wall of FIG. 7 consists of two layers of components, which are arranged such that the inner layer is formed from solid elements 12 with increased resistance, which are arranged close to one another.
  • Components 13 made of heat-insulating material or provided with insulating and insulating components 14 enclose with their wedge clips 1 the adjacent wedges of the inner solid elements 12.
  • the components 14 of the inner layer have an additional heat-insulating insert or attachment N, optionally with a finished visible surface.
  • the cutouts 2 e.g. the components 14 of the inner layer
  • the poured wall shown in FIG. 8 consists of two pulled-apart layers, the inner of which consists of solid elements 18 and the outer of which is provided with chambers NEN components 19 is formed with increased thermal insulation and insulating ability.
  • the space between the layers is filled with a heat-insulating backfill 20.
  • the cutouts 2 of the components 18 of the inner layer serve for fastening wall paneling slats 21, those of the components 19 of the outer layer for fastening heat-insulating inserts 22.
  • the elements are covered from the outside by plaster 23 or facing brick 24.
  • ducts for example a space duct 25, a ventilation duct 26 or a flue gas duct 27 with installation lines, are formed by interconnected solid elements with wedge bores 1.
  • the cutouts 2 and wedges 3 at the corners serve for a mutual firm and tight connection, since the wedges 3 engage in the cutouts 2.
  • the floor covered with water protection shown in Fig. 10 consists of a layer of elements which, as required, have wedge bungs 1 which are directed downwards in elements 28, 29 and upwards in element 30, e.g. when carrying out water pipes, central heating pipes, electrical installation or telephone lines.
  • the cutouts 2 are used to form T-shaped reinforced concrete or a concrete reinforcement 31 or to receive floor slats 32.
  • the lintel beam or beam bolt shown in FIG. 11 is produced by inserting reinforced concrete into the wedge bung 1 of the components 33, which have an increased thermal insulation and insulating ability.
  • the wedges 3 here form limit stops 3 for elements which are intended to interact with the beam. These are window frames or light fill walls.
  • the components according to the invention can be produced from a variety of natural or artificial material, including waste materials, without the use of heavy special machines or devices being necessary.
  • the elements can also be made directly on site.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

1. Building element for the construction of basic components for building structures having the basic form of a flat rectangular broad stone, in the base surface of which a groove (1) is provided in the form of a trapezium, the longer side of which forms the groove base, and which is provided with at least one recess (2) extending along one of its short edges, characterised in that the recess (2) is provided on the side opposite the base surface with the groove (1) and that the two surfaces, which together form the recess (2) include an acute angle.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Bauelement zur Erstellung von Grund- und Schutzbauten von Baukonstruktionen, insbesondere im Wohnungsbau.The invention relates to a component for creating basic and protective structures of building constructions, in particular in residential construction.

Aus der PL-PS 93508 ist bereits ein Satz innen hohler Fertigbauelemente mit kubischer Form bekannt, die Wandungen und Arme aufweisen, der aus einem einzelnen Grundele- ment des doppelten fertigen Bauelements und aus einem Fertigbauelement besteht, das das Eineinhalbfache des Grundelements bildet. Eine der längeren Wandungen des Grundelements ist im mittleren Teil mit einem vertikalen Schlitz versehen, der zwei nach innen gerichtete Arme trennt. Eine der kürzeren Wandungen hat ein zur Mitte des Elements hin geformtes, zum Arm paralleles Fach, das zusammen mit ihm die Aufnahme für ein anderes Element bildet. Das doppelte Fertigbauelement weist an einer der längeren Wandungen zwei vertikale Schlitze auf, die durch eine Innenwandung getrennt sind. Die Innenwandung endet mit zwei nach innen gerichteten Armen und zwei äußere kürzere Wandungen sind je mit einem Fach, einem Arm und einer Aufnahme versehen. Das die eineinhalbfache Länge des einzelnen Grundelements aufweisende Formteil ist so ausgebildet, daß eines der Grundelemente des doppelten Fertigbauelements in der Mitte der Länge seiner längeren Wandung abgeschnitten ist und mit einem an dieser Stelle ausgebildeten, in die Mitte gerichteten Arm endet.From PL-PS 93508, a set internally hollow prefabricated units of cubic shape is already known, having the walls and arms, the m of a single Grundele- e nt double finished device and consists of a prefabricated building element, which forms a half times the basic element. One of the longer walls of the basic element is provided with a vertical slot in the middle part, which separates two inwardly directed arms. One of the shorter walls has a compartment shaped towards the center of the element and parallel to the arm, which together with it forms the receptacle for another element. The double prefabricated building element has two vertical slots on one of the longer walls, which are separated by an inner wall. The inner wall ends with two inward arms and two outer shorter walls are each provided with a compartment, an arm and a holder. The one Half and a half length of the single basic element is designed so that one of the basic elements of the double prefabricated element is cut off in the middle of the length of its longer wall and ends with an arm formed at this point and directed towards the center.

Die Herstellung dieser komplizierten Elemente erfordert zumindest halbindustrielle Bedingungen. Besonders schwierig ist dabei die Ausformung, bei der das Element wegen der Zerbrechlichkeit der Arme leicht zerstört werden kann. Aus diesem Grunde ist auch der Transport der Elemente schwierig. Hinzu kommt, daß die einzelnen Querschnitte der Elemente nach ihrem Zusammenbau z.B. zu einer Wand lokale Unterfrierungen nicht ausschließen, was die Zerstörung der Baukonstruktion durch - Witterungseinwirkung zur Folge haben kann. Dabei verhindern Form und Querschnitt der Elemente praktisch ihre Erstellung in geöffneter oder Kammerkonstruktion, die zur Gewährleistung der entsprechenden Wärmedämmungseigenschaften günstig wäre.The production of these complicated elements requires at least semi-industrial conditions. The shape is particularly difficult, in which the element can be easily destroyed due to the fragility of the arms. For this reason, the transportation of the elements is difficult. In addition, the individual cross sections of the elements after their assembly e.g. Do not rule out local frost patterns on a wall, which can result in the destruction of the building structure due to the effects of the weather. The shape and cross-section of the elements practically prevent them from being created in an open or chamber construction, which would be favorable to ensure the appropriate thermal insulation properties.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Bauteil oder -element, das eine rechteckig flache Form aufweist, und dessen Querschnitt mit der längeren Basis eine seine Kante bildende Keilspundung aufweist, ist wenigstens eine seiner Ecken mit einem Ausschnitt versehen, dessen Kanten einen Winkel zwischen 30 und 150° einschließen, oder es ist wenigstens eine Ecke mit einem Spund von der Form eines geraden Prismas, vorzugsweise mit Trapezbasis, vorgesehen.In the component or element according to the invention, which has a rectangular flat shape and whose cross section with the longer base has a wedge that forms its edge, at least one of its corners is provided with a cutout whose edges enclose an angle between 30 and 150 °, or at least one corner with a bung in the form of a straight prism, preferably with a trapezoidal base, is provided.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform hat wenigstens eine Ecke einen Ausschnitt und wenigstens eine andere Ecke einen Keil. Diese Ausschnitte und Keile bilden die Aufnahmen für Zusammenbau und Verbindung der Elemente und zur Schaffung von Räumen, die mit wärmedämmendem Material oder Latten zur Befestigung von Wandtäfelungen, usw., gefüllt werden können. Ein mit einem solchen Querschnitt versehenes Element kann in mehrfacher Funktion und universell verwendet werden, beispielsweise zum Bau von Decken, Deckendächern, Pfosten mit Stahlbetonkernen, Trag- und Schutzwänden, Installationskanälen, Fußböden, Stürzen, Balken, Riegeln, Pfosten mit Fundamentfüßen und Schornsteinen. Das Bauteil kann aus verschiedensten künstlichen und natürlichen Werkstoffen sowie Abfallstoffen ausgeführt werden. Je nach dem verwendeten Material hat es einen vollen, einen geöffneten, einen Kammer- oder einen Schlitzquerschnitt.In a preferred embodiment, at least one corner has a cutout and at least one other corner has a wedge. These cutouts and wedges form the receptacles for assembling and connecting the elements and for creating spaces made with thermal insulation material or Slats for attaching wall panels, etc., can be filled. An element provided with such a cross section can be used in multiple functions and universally, for example for the construction of ceilings, ceiling roofs, posts with reinforced concrete cores, supporting and protective walls, installation ducts, floors, lintels, beams, bars, posts with foundation feet and chimneys. The component can be made from a wide variety of artificial and natural materials as well as waste materials. Depending on the material used, it has a full, an open, a chamber or a slot cross section.

Das Element kann bei gleichen Abmessungen je nach Bedarf unterschiedliche Widerstands- und Wärmedämmungseigenschaften haben. Dies ist vom verwendeten Material und vom Querschnitt abhängig. Die Elemente können am Bau erstellt werden. Kostspielige Bretterschalungen werden vermieden, wie sie bei der Erstellung von Stahlbetonskelettbauten, insbesondere von Pfosten und Riegeln, notwendig sind. Das erfindungsgemäße Bauteil ermöglicht die Ausführung von Pfosten und Riegeln direkt in Verschalungen, die eine Unterfrierung verhindern. Darüberhinaus lassen sich zwei- oder dreischichtige Elemente mit einem zusätzlichen wärmedämmenden Einsatz ausführen, der eine fertige Oberflächenschicht aufweist. In Abhängigkeit von der Zusammenstellung der Elemente, insbesondere in Zwei- und Mehrschichtenkonstruktionen, erreicht man die verlangten Widerstands- und Wärmedämmungswerte. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion des Bauelements können Gebäude unter Verwendung nur einer Form im Rohzustand erstellt werden.With the same dimensions, the element can have different resistance and thermal insulation properties as required. This depends on the material used and the cross-section. The elements can be created on site. Costly board formwork is avoided, as is necessary when constructing reinforced concrete skeleton structures, especially mullions and transoms. The component according to the invention enables the implementation of mullions and transoms directly in formwork which prevents freezing. In addition, two- or three-layer elements can be designed with an additional heat-insulating insert, which has a finished surface layer. Depending on the composition of the elements, especially in two- and multi-layer constructions, the required resistance and thermal insulation values are achieved. In the construction of the component according to the invention, buildings can be produced in the raw state using only one shape.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die perspektivische Ansicht eines Bauelements mit schrägen Ausschnitten in zwei Ecken,
  • Fig. 2 perspektivisch die Ansicht eines Elements mit Spunden in zwei Ecken,
  • Fig. 3 perspektivisch die Ansicht eines Elementes mit einem Ausschnitt und Keilen,
  • Fig. 4 perspektivisch den Querschnitt einer Decke,
  • Fig. 5 perspektivisch den Querschnitt eines als Decke ausgeführten Daches,
  • Fig. 6 perspektivisch die zum Teil aufgeschnittene Ansicht eines Pfostens,
  • Fig. 7 in einem Horizontalschnitt perspektivisch eine Vollwand,
  • Fig..8 perspektivisch den horizontalen Querschnitt einer geschütteten Wand,
  • Fig. 9 den Querschnitt eines Wandabschnittes mit Installationskanälen,
  • Fig. 10 perspektivisch den Querschnitt eines Fußbodens und
  • Fig. 11 perspektivisch die Ansicht eines zum Teil aus Fertigteilen hergestellten Sturz- oder Tragbalkens.
The invention is explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a perspective view of a component with oblique cutouts in two corners,
  • 2 is a perspective view of an element with bung in two corners,
  • 3 is a perspective view of an element with a cutout and wedges,
  • 4 is a perspective cross-section of a ceiling,
  • 5 is a perspective cross-section of a roof designed as a ceiling,
  • 6 is a perspective view of the partially cutaway view of a post,
  • 7 is a perspective view of a solid wall in a horizontal section,
  • 8 shows the horizontal cross section of a poured wall in perspective,
  • 9 shows the cross section of a wall section with installation ducts,
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective cross section of a floor and
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a lintel or support beam made partly from prefabricated parts.

Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Bauelement hat eine rechteckig flache Form mit einem Keilspund 1, dessen längere Basis eine Kante des Elements bildet. Die bezüglich des Keilspundes einander gegenüberliegenden Ecken sind mit Ausschnitten 2 versehen, wobei eine Kante des Ausschnittes 2 parallel unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Basis geneigt angeordnet ist. Das Bauelement wird je nach den geforderten Wärmedämmungseigenschaften in Vollkonstruktion T oder Kammerkonstruktion K ausgeführt. Zusätzlich kann ein wärmedämmender Einsatz N verwendet werden, der zur festen Verbindung den Ausschnitt ausfüllt.The component shown in Fig. 1 has a rectangular flat shape with a wedge bung 1, the longer base of which forms an edge of the element. The corners opposite each other with respect to the wedge bung are provided with cutouts 2, one edge of the cutout 2 being parallel underneath is inclined at an acute angle to the base. Depending on the required thermal insulation properties, the component is designed as a full T or chamber K construction. In addition, a heat-insulating insert N can be used, which fills the cutout for a firm connection.

Bei den Ausführungsformen der Figuren 2 und 3 ist das Bauelement auf den bezüglich des Keilspunds 1 einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten mit Keilen 3 versehen, wobei an der einen Kante der Keil die Form eines Prismas mit trapezförmiger Basis hat und an der anderen Kante zwei solche Keile vorgesehen sind. Der Abstand 1 der Keile hängt von den Abmessungen anderer Elemente ab, die mit ihm zusammenwirken. Bei Bedarf hat das Bauelement an einer Ecke bzw. Kante einen Keil 3 und an einer anderen, z.B. gegenüberliegend zu der sich verengenden Kante, einen Ausschnitt 2.In the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, the component is provided with wedges 3 on the sides opposite one another with respect to the wedge plug 1, the wedge having the shape of a prism with a trapezoidal base on one edge and two such wedges being provided on the other edge . The distance 1 of the wedges depends on the dimensions of other elements that interact with it. If necessary, the component has a wedge 3 at one corner or edge and at another, e.g. opposite the narrowing edge, a cutout 2.

Gemäß Fig. 4 bis 11 dienen die Bauelemente zur Erstellung von Grundelementen von Baukonstruktionen.4 to 11, the components are used to create basic elements of building structures.

Die in Fig. 4 gezeigte Decke ist aus zwei Schichten von Bauelementen mit Ausschnitten 2 ausgeführt, deren schwalbenschwanzförmige Keilnuten oder Keilspunde 1 einander zugewandt sind. Die Ausschnitte 2 der unteren Elemente sind an Deckenbalken 4 abgestützt, die Ausschnitte 2 der oberen Bauelemente bilden das Fach oder die Aufnahme eines Tragbalkens 5.The ceiling shown in Fig. 4 is made of two layers of components with cutouts 2, the dovetail-shaped splines or wedges 1 facing each other. The cutouts 2 of the lower elements are supported on ceiling beams 4, the cutouts 2 of the upper components form the compartment or the receptacle of a support beam 5.

Das in Fig. 5 gezeigte, als Decke ausgeführte Dach ist aus zwei Schichten von Bauelementen mit an den Ecken ausgebildeten Ausschnitten 2 aufgebaut, die gegenüber den sich verengenden Kanten der Keilspunde 1 angeordnet sind. Das Dach enthält Holzsparren 6 oder Stahlbetonsparren 7, zwischen denen zur Erhöhung der Wärmedämmung mit Kammern ausgeführte Bauelemente 8 oder aus wärmedämmendem Material bestehende Bauelemente 9 angeordnet sind.The roof shown in FIG. 5, designed as a ceiling, is made up of two layers of structural elements with cutouts 2 formed at the corners, which are arranged opposite the narrowing edges of the wedge bung 1. The roof contains wooden rafters 6 or reinforced concrete rafters 7, between which to increase the thermal insulation with chambers guided components 8 or components 9 made of heat-insulating material are arranged.

Der in Fig. 6 gezeigte Pfosten mit Stahlbetonkern hat einen rechteckigen Querschnitt; er ist durch mit ihren Keilspunden 1 einander zugewandte Bauelemente gebildet, und zwar aus Vollelementen 10 und/oder wärmedämmenden und isolierenden Bauelementen 11 mit wärmedämmendem Einsatz.The post with reinforced concrete core shown in Fig. 6 has a rectangular cross section; it is formed by components facing one another with its wedge bores 1, namely from solid elements 10 and / or heat-insulating and insulating components 11 with heat-insulating insert.

Die Vollelemente 10 dienen als Schalung für den in die Keilspunde 1 eingegossenen Stahlbeton. Darüberhinaus haben sie ebenso wie der Stahlbetonkern Tragfunktion, wobei sie Knickungen des Stahlbetonkerns verhindern.The solid elements 10 serve as formwork for the reinforced concrete cast into the wedge bung 1. In addition, like the reinforced concrete core, they have a supporting function, while preventing buckling of the reinforced concrete core.

Die Vollwand der Fig. 7 besteht aus zwei Schichten von Bauelementen, die derart angeordnet sind, daß die innere Schicht aus Vollelementen 12 mit erhöhter Widerstandsfähigkeit gebildet ist, die dicht nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Bauelemente 13 aus wärmedämmendem Material oder mit Kammern versehene wärmedämmende und isolierende Bauelemente 14 umschließen mit ihren Keilspunden 1 die aneinander angrenzenden Keile der inneren Vollelemente 12. Die Bauelemente 14 der Innenschicht haben einen zusätzlichen wärmedämmenden Einsatz oder Aufsatz N, gegebenenfalls mit fertiger Sichtfläche. Die Ausschnitte 2 (z.B. der Bauelemente 14 der Innenschicht) dienen zur Befestigung von Latten 15 der Wandtäfelung oder zur Befestigung und Unterbringung zusätzlicher wärmedämmender Einsätze 16 z.B. in der Außenschicht, die gegen Luftzug schützen. Sie können auch zur Aufnahme von Distanzlatten 17 dienen, die die Befestigung leichter ventilierter Frontplatten ermöglichen.The solid wall of FIG. 7 consists of two layers of components, which are arranged such that the inner layer is formed from solid elements 12 with increased resistance, which are arranged close to one another. Components 13 made of heat-insulating material or provided with insulating and insulating components 14 enclose with their wedge clips 1 the adjacent wedges of the inner solid elements 12. The components 14 of the inner layer have an additional heat-insulating insert or attachment N, optionally with a finished visible surface. The cutouts 2 (e.g. the components 14 of the inner layer) are used to attach slats 15 to the wall paneling or to attach and accommodate additional heat-insulating inserts 16 e.g. in the outer layer, which protect against drafts. They can also be used to hold spacer slats 17, which enable the fastening of lightly ventilated front panels.

Die in Fig. 8 gezeigte geschüttete Wand besteht aus zwei auseinandergezogenen Schichten, von denen die innere aus Vollelementen 18 und die äußere aus mit Kammern versehenen Bauelementen 19 mit erhöhter Wärmedämmungs- und Isolierfähigkeit gebildet ist. Der Raum zwischen den Schichten ist mit einer wärmedämmenden Hinterfüllung 20 ausgefüllt. Die Ausschnitte 2 der Bauelemente 18 der Innenschicht dienen zur Befestigung von Wandtäfelungslatten 21, die der Bauelemente 19 der Außenschicht zur Befestigung von wärmedämmenden Einsätzen 22. Die Elemente sind von außen durch Putz 23 oder Verblendziegel 24 überdeckt.The poured wall shown in FIG. 8 consists of two pulled-apart layers, the inner of which consists of solid elements 18 and the outer of which is provided with chambers NEN components 19 is formed with increased thermal insulation and insulating ability. The space between the layers is filled with a heat-insulating backfill 20. The cutouts 2 of the components 18 of the inner layer serve for fastening wall paneling slats 21, those of the components 19 of the outer layer for fastening heat-insulating inserts 22. The elements are covered from the outside by plaster 23 or facing brick 24.

Gemäß Fig. 9 werden Kanäle, beispielsweise ein Raumkanal 25, ein Ventilationskanal 26 oder ein Rauchgaskanal 27 mit Installationsleitungen durch miteinander verbundene Vollelemente mit Keilspunden 1 gebildet. Die an den Ecken ausgeführten Ausschnitte 2 und Keile 3 dienen zur gegenseitigen festen und dichten Verbindung, da die Keile 3 in die Ausschnitte 2 eingreifen.According to FIG. 9, ducts, for example a space duct 25, a ventilation duct 26 or a flue gas duct 27 with installation lines, are formed by interconnected solid elements with wedge bores 1. The cutouts 2 and wedges 3 at the corners serve for a mutual firm and tight connection, since the wedges 3 engage in the cutouts 2.

Der in Fig. 10 gezeigte, mit einem Wasserschutz überdeckte Fußboden besteht aus einer Schicht von Elementen, die, je nach Bedarf, Keilspunde 1 aufweisen, die in Elementen 28, 29 abwärts und im Element 30 aufwärts gerichtet sind, z.B. bei Durchführung von Wasserleitungen, Zentralheizungsrohren, elektrischen Installations- oder Telefonleitungen. Die Ausschnitte 2 dienen zur Formung T-förmigen Stahlbetons oder einer Betonverstärkung 31 oder auch zur Aufnahme von Fußbodenlatten 32.The floor covered with water protection shown in Fig. 10 consists of a layer of elements which, as required, have wedge bungs 1 which are directed downwards in elements 28, 29 and upwards in element 30, e.g. when carrying out water pipes, central heating pipes, electrical installation or telephone lines. The cutouts 2 are used to form T-shaped reinforced concrete or a concrete reinforcement 31 or to receive floor slats 32.

Der in Fig. 11 gezeigte Sturzbalken oder Balkenriegel wird hergestellt, indem in die Keilspunde 1 der Bauelemente 33, die eine erhöhte Wärmedämmungs- und Isolierfähigkeit haben, Stahlbeton eingebracht wird. Die Keile 3 bilden hier als Anschlag wirkende Begrenzungen 3 für Elemente, die mit dem Balken zusammenwirken sollen. Es handelt sich um Fensterrahmen oder leichte Ausfüllwandungen.The lintel beam or beam bolt shown in FIG. 11 is produced by inserting reinforced concrete into the wedge bung 1 of the components 33, which have an increased thermal insulation and insulating ability. The wedges 3 here form limit stops 3 for elements which are intended to interact with the beam. These are window frames or light fill walls.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Bauelemente können aus vielerlei natürlichem oder künstlichem Material, auch aus Abfallmaterialien, hergestellt werden, ohne daß die Anwendung schwerer spezieller Maschinen oder Geräte notwendig wäre. Die Elemente können auch direkt am Bau hergestellt werden.The components according to the invention can be produced from a variety of natural or artificial material, including waste materials, without the use of heavy special machines or devices being necessary. The elements can also be made directly on site.

Claims (3)

1. Bauelement zur Erstellung von Grund- und Schutzelementen bei Baukonstruktionen, das eine rechteckig flache Form aufweist und im Querschnitt einen Keilspund (1) aufweist, dessen längere Basis eine Kante des Bauelements bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in wenigstens einer Ecke ein Ausschnitt (2) vorgesehen ist, dessen Kanten einen Winkel zwischen 30 und 150° bilden.1. Component for creating basic and protective elements in building structures, which has a rectangular flat shape and has a wedge bung (1) in cross section, the longer base of which forms an edge of the component, characterized in that a cutout (2 ) is provided, the edges of which form an angle between 30 and 150 °. 2. Bauelement zur Erstellung von Grund- und Schutzelementen bei Baukonstruktionen, das eine rechteckig flache Form aufweist und im Querschnitt einen Keilspund (1) aufweist, dessen längere Basis eine Kante des Bauelements bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß an wenigstens einer Ecke des Bauelements wenigstens ein Keil (3) in Form eines geraden Prismas, vorzugsweise mit Trapezbasis, vorgesehen ist.2. Component for creating basic and protective elements in building structures, which has a rectangular flat shape and in cross section a wedge bung (1), the longer base of which forms an edge of the component, characterized in that at least one corner of the component Wedge (3) in the form of a straight prism, preferably with a trapezoidal base, is provided. 3. Bauelement zur Erstellung von Grund- und Schutzelementen bei Baukonstruktionen, das eine rechteckig flache Form aufweist und im Querschnitt einen Keilspund (1) aufweist, dessen längere Basis eine Kante des Bauelements bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß an wenigstens einer Kante ein Ausschnitt (2) vorgesehen ist, dessen Kanten einen Winkel zwischen 30 und 150° bilden und daß wenigstens eine Kante des Bauelements mit einem Keil (3) in Form eines geraden Prismas, vorzugsweise mit Trapezbasis, vorgesehen ist.3. Component for creating basic and protective elements in building structures, which has a rectangular flat shape and has a wedge bung (1) in cross section, the longer base of which forms an edge of the component, characterized in that a cutout (2 ) is provided, the edges of which form an angle between 30 and 150 ° and that at least one edge of the component is provided with a wedge (3) in the form of a straight prism, preferably with a trapezoidal base.
EP84104870A 1983-04-29 1984-04-30 Building element for the construction of foundations and protective structures Expired EP0124855B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84104870T ATE30613T1 (en) 1983-04-29 1984-04-30 CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR THE CREATION OF FOUNDATION AND PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL241705 1983-04-29
PL1983241705A PL143356B1 (en) 1983-04-29 1983-04-29 Building unit for erection of basic load carrying and siding building structures

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EP0124855A1 true EP0124855A1 (en) 1984-11-14
EP0124855B1 EP0124855B1 (en) 1987-11-04

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EP (1) EP0124855B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE30613T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3467204D1 (en)
PL (1) PL143356B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000020694A1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Skanska Sverige Ab A method for production of a foundation plate for a building and a foundation plate manufactured according to the method
FR2798685A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-23 Promo Brevet Borg Sarl Prefabricated fibrous slabs for making floors comprise two distinct elements : lower plane horizontal plate connected to two uprights, and upper plane horizontal plate with two vertical supports
AT414300B (en) * 2003-03-04 2006-12-15 Leitl Werke Bauhuette STRUCTURAL CONSTRUCTION, ESPECIALLY CEILING CONSTRUCTION
WO2011086294A1 (en) * 2010-01-12 2011-07-21 Moncef Souissi Floor
CN102454245A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-16 詹德威 Environment-friendly heat insulation and sound insulation compound brick
CZ304625B6 (en) * 2002-11-28 2014-08-13 Václav Vachuška Assembly of building elements, particularly for erecting walls

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370142A1 (en) * 1976-11-03 1978-06-02 Faroux Henri Self supporting composite ceiling slabs - incorporating volcanic aggregate to complement expanded polystyrene for wt. reduction and insulation
FR2384077A1 (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-10-13 Isobox Barbier Sa Expanded polystyrene ceiling boards - having lap joint profiles to seal the joint against air circulation beside the joists
FR2441693A1 (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-06-13 Cerib Prefabricated concrete construction block - has cast in fixings with integral nailing strips on one face to attach other sections

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370142A1 (en) * 1976-11-03 1978-06-02 Faroux Henri Self supporting composite ceiling slabs - incorporating volcanic aggregate to complement expanded polystyrene for wt. reduction and insulation
FR2384077A1 (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-10-13 Isobox Barbier Sa Expanded polystyrene ceiling boards - having lap joint profiles to seal the joint against air circulation beside the joists
FR2441693A1 (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-06-13 Cerib Prefabricated concrete construction block - has cast in fixings with integral nailing strips on one face to attach other sections

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000020694A1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Skanska Sverige Ab A method for production of a foundation plate for a building and a foundation plate manufactured according to the method
FR2798685A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-23 Promo Brevet Borg Sarl Prefabricated fibrous slabs for making floors comprise two distinct elements : lower plane horizontal plate connected to two uprights, and upper plane horizontal plate with two vertical supports
CZ304625B6 (en) * 2002-11-28 2014-08-13 Václav Vachuška Assembly of building elements, particularly for erecting walls
AT414300B (en) * 2003-03-04 2006-12-15 Leitl Werke Bauhuette STRUCTURAL CONSTRUCTION, ESPECIALLY CEILING CONSTRUCTION
WO2011086294A1 (en) * 2010-01-12 2011-07-21 Moncef Souissi Floor
CN102454245A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-16 詹德威 Environment-friendly heat insulation and sound insulation compound brick

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL143356B1 (en) 1988-02-29
EP0124855B1 (en) 1987-11-04
ATE30613T1 (en) 1987-11-15
PL241705A1 (en) 1984-11-08
DE3467204D1 (en) 1987-12-10

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