EP0121628A1 - Tube cathodique avec masque d'ombre tendu - Google Patents

Tube cathodique avec masque d'ombre tendu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0121628A1
EP0121628A1 EP83307256A EP83307256A EP0121628A1 EP 0121628 A1 EP0121628 A1 EP 0121628A1 EP 83307256 A EP83307256 A EP 83307256A EP 83307256 A EP83307256 A EP 83307256A EP 0121628 A1 EP0121628 A1 EP 0121628A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
cathode
ray tube
shadow mask
tensioned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83307256A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald C. Robinder
Robert Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tektronix Inc
Original Assignee
Tektronix Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tektronix Inc filed Critical Tektronix Inc
Publication of EP0121628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0121628A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/06—Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream
    • H01J29/07—Shadow masks for colour television tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/14—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of non-emitting electrodes
    • H01J9/142—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of non-emitting electrodes of shadow-masks for colour television tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
    • H01J2229/07—Shadow masks
    • H01J2229/0722—Frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
    • H01J2229/07—Shadow masks
    • H01J2229/0727—Aperture plate
    • H01J2229/0733—Aperture plate characterised by the material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to shadow-mask type cathode-ray tubes (CRTs), and more particularly to an improved cathode-ray tube shadow mask assembly that minimizes misregistration produced by electron beam heating of the mask, and that facilitates construction of a flat face cathode-ray tube.
  • CTRs shadow-mask type cathode-ray tubes
  • Cathode-ray tubes of the type used in most color television and similar color image display systems normally have three electron guns -- one for each of three primary colors (red, green and blue).
  • the guns are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the tube, and generate individual electron beams that pass through small holes or slits in a shadow mask (or aperture grill) positioned between the guns and a cathodoluminescent display screen.
  • the display screen is formed of three color phosphors deposited in a regular pattern of dots or stripes on the inner face of the cathode-ray tube.
  • the arrangement of the phosphor deposits and shadow mask apertures is such that, ideally, each electron beam strikes only the deposits of its respective color.
  • a common electromagnetic yoke positioned between the electron guns and the screen deflects the three beams over the screen surface to form visible color images.
  • the shadow mask for such a tube is also curved to follow, at least approximately, the faceplate contour, which may be cylindrical or spherical. It is desirable in certain applications, such as in high resolution avionics displays, to provide a color cathode-ray tube having a substantially flat faceplate.
  • the shadow mask for a flat face tube also should be flat, or very nearly so.
  • a flat shadow mask lacks sufficient strength and rigidity to be self-supporting.
  • One way to provide added rigidity is to use a corrugated mask of the type described in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • Another, conceptually superior way to provide a rigid flat mask for a flat face cathode-ray tube would be to put the mask under tension as is done in some commercially available tubes having cylindrical faceplates.
  • Undesirably heavy and expensive frame structures are used to support the tensioned masks in such tubes, however, making them unsuitable for use in cathode-ray tubes that must withstand high levels of shock and vibration.
  • the doming problem mentioned above also may be present in such prior cathode-ray tubes, particularly when used in applications (such as avionics or computer terminal displays) where information frequently is highly localized and the electron beams address particular regions of the shadow mask for extended periods of time.
  • the phosphor deposits and shadow mask apertures are very small and closely spaced. Even a small amount of mask movement relative to the screen will produce misregistration and localized loss of color purity.
  • a flat face cathode-ray tube is provided with a taut shadow mask structure comprising a thin membrane of material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the mask membrane is tensioned substantially uniformly to a predetermined fraction, suitably about one-half to three-quarters, of its tensile stress limit, and is secured to a frame member that is sufficiently rigid to maintain the membrane in its tensioned state.
  • a predetermined fraction suitably about one-half to three-quarters, of its tensile stress limit
  • the taut mask permits the use of higher beam current, which increases display brightness, without loss of color purity.
  • the tension of the membrane can be adjusted, if desired, to provide a resonant vibration frequency far removed from the frequency range of vibrations to which the cathode-ray tube will be exposed.
  • a cathode-ray tube 10 includes an electron gun cluster (not shown) normally containing three electron guns in a side-by-side or delta arrangement.
  • the guns are mounted in a known manner within the neck area 12 of the tube, and when energized emit individual electron beams 14 toward a display screen 16 on the inner surface of the CRT's faceplate, which forms part of a vacuum-tight housing, or envelope, 18 for the tube.
  • the electron beams are directed onto selected regions of screen 16 by a common deflection system.
  • Such a system normally will include an external magnetic deflection yoke (not shown) mounted on the neck of the CRT overlying interior region 20 of the tube.
  • the deflection system includes means to converge the three beams at the same point on the screen, and to maintain the beams in convergence at all points on the screen's surface.
  • a suitable control system controls the activation of the electron guns in synchronization with the deflection system to direct the beams onto any desired region of the display screen.
  • Display screen 16 comprises three interlaced arrays of different color-emitting phosphor deposits, preferably separated by a light-absorbing matrix.
  • the phosphor deposits usually are arranged in a hexagonal array of circular dots grouped in triads, with each triad containing a dot of each different color, i.e., red, green and blue.
  • a shadow mask assembly including an apertured metal membrane 22 is positioned in envelope 18 adjacent display screen 16. Electrons from the three guns in the neck of the tube project through the apertured membrane to strike the phosphor deposits forming the display screen, the membrane serving as a color selection device within the tube.
  • shadow mask membrane 22 includes one aperture or hole for each phosphor dot triad, with the arrangement of the dots, holes and electron guns being such that (ideally) each electron beam only strikes dots of its assigned color at all deflection angles.
  • shadow mask membrane 22 is mounted, suitably by welding, to a substantially rigid mounting frame 24.
  • the frame is removably secured within the forward end of envelope 18 by four flat spring clips 26 welded to mask frame 24.
  • Each of the spring clips has a hole adjacent its free end that engages one of a corresponding number of tapered metal studs secured to the interior sidewalls of the envelope.
  • the studs are located accurately in the envelope in relation to screen 16, so that the shadow mask membrane is supported in precisely- spaced, parallel relation to the screen.
  • FIG. 3 an enlargement of a small region 28 of Fig. 2, the tiny circular openings, or holes, 30 in mask membrane 22 are provided in a repetitive pattern, with the holes in adjacent rows being offset to allow minimum spacing between the holes.
  • display screen 16 suitably is about 15 cm. square and the size of the perforated portion of membrane 22 is about 13 cm. square.
  • the openings in the shadow mask membrane have a diameter (d) of about 0.1 mm. and a pitch or center-to-center spacing (1) of about 0.2 mm.
  • the holes constitute about 20% of the mask's surface area.
  • membrane 22 is pulled taut and secured under substantially uniform tension to frame 24. This is suitably achieved through the use of a tension-mounting apparatus 32, which is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • Color CRT shadow masks typically are formed from low carbon steel approximately 0.15. mm. thick. While such material is suitable for use in forming a taut membrane 22, the preferred material is a low expansion nickel-iron alloy containing approximately 36% nickel. Such a material, which has a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 1.6 x 10 -6 per degree Celsius, can be purchased under the trademark Invar from Wilbur V. Driver Company.
  • Membrane sheet material having a thickness of about 0.10 to 0.15 mm. may be used in an entertainment quality tube, but for a high resolution CRT of the type contemplated herein, the preferred material thickness is about 0.025 to about 0.038 mm.
  • the desired pattern of holes 30 is chemically etched into membrane 22 by a conventional photolithographic process prior to mounting the membrane under tension on frame 24.
  • a 30 cm. square sheet of Invar material is etched to provide a 13 cm. square perforated region 36 containing holes 30.
  • Region 36 is indicated by dashed lines in Figs. 2 and 4.
  • the perforated region of the metal alloy sheet is centered on a base ring 34 forming part of mounting apparatus 32.
  • a clamping ring 38 is then placed on top of the membrane overlying ring 34 and fastened to the base ring using a plurality of bolts 40 to clamp membrane 22 securely between the two rings.
  • an L-shaped tensioning ring 42 is placed on top of clamping ring 38 with one leg 42a overlying the upper surface of ring 38 and the other leg 42b extending within the clamping ring to engage membrane 22.
  • the position of the tensioning ring just prior to stretching of the membrane is shown in phantom outline in Fig. 5.
  • the metal membrane is placed under substantially uniform tension by progressively tightening a plurality of bolts 44 into ring 38 to bring leg 42a of the tensioning ring into contact with the upper surface of ring 38 as shown in solid outline in Fig. 5.
  • the amount of membrane tension produced in this manner is a function of the length of leg 42b (for a given clamping ring thickness). Calculation of the correct length needed to produce a desired tension is within the ability of an ordinarily skilled technician. Alternatively, the length of leg 42b can be determined empirically by routine experimentation.
  • Shadow mask mounting frame 24 of the exemplified embodiment is a substantially square structure formed by channel-shaped side rails approximately 14 cm. in length.
  • the side rails which include an outer lip surface 46 to which membrance 22 is attached, are configured to provide a strong but light-weight, deflection- resistant support for the mask membrane.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the attachment of membrane 22 to frame surface 46 by spot welding at numerous points around the periphery of perforated region 36 using a welding electrode 48. The resulting pattern of weld spots 50 is shown in Fig. 2. To avoid distorting the membrane by overheating it during the welding process (as.
  • membrane 22 preferably is attached by skip-welding around the periphery of the frame -- i.e., by welding one spot on each of the four sides of the frame before returning to weld a second spot on each side, etc., until all of the welds have been made.
  • the resulting assembly is removed from the mounting apparatus and the excess membrane material is trimmed away. It will be understood that even the slightest buckling of the frame after it is removed from apparatus 32 will result in relaxation of the membrane tension.
  • One way to avoid this problem would be to use a massive frame that would resist the compressive force imparted by the taut metal membrane.
  • the CRT envelope cannot accomodate a massive frame, either because shock and vibration test levels are too high to allow the use of such a frame, or because it would take up too much room inside the envelope and reduce the usable display area of the CRT.
  • a preferred way to prevent buckling of the frame is to apply a compressive force to the siderails before the membrane is attached. Later, when the frame and membrane assembly is removed from the mounting apparatus after the spot welding process has been completed, the outwardly-directed restoring force produced by the previously-compressed side rails counteracts the inwardly- directed force produced by the stretched membrane.
  • a compression mechanism represented in the drawing by compression arms 52 is provided to compress the sides of frame 24 in the directions indicated by arrows 54.
  • the amount of compensating force required can be calculated readily, or determined by routine experimentation.
  • the compression arms are shaped to engage the outer sides of the side rails, as shown in Fig. 5, and force them inward toward the enter of the frame, care being taken that the arms do not project above frame 24 and damage membrane 22.
  • the degree of tension developed in the mounted membrane is such as will equal or exceed the projected release of tension produced by thermal expansion of the shadow mask during operation of cathode-ray tube 10 at its maximum beam power level. It has been found that an Invar metal membrane tensioned to about one-half to three-quarters of its tensile strength limit will adequately counteract heat expansion in the material when the mask is subjected to a temperature rise of up to 100 degrees C. This is well within the temperature variation expected during operation of the CRT for the applications contemplated. In a conventional domed shadow-mask type CRT, a temperature variation of 30 degrees C will produce an intolerable amount of beam misregistration and loss of color purity in such applications.
  • cathode-ray tubes provided in accordance with the present invention are able to withstand substantially higher beam power input levels because the taut mask counteracts localized heating by relaxing against the tension fixed in the mask when the membrane is welded to the frame.
  • Color cathode-ray tubes manufactured as described herein have been able to withstand power input levels as high as 1.8 W/sq. in. without experiencing a significant loss of color purity due to shadow mask distortion. This is approximately an order of magnitude higher than domed shadow mask tubes of similar size.
  • the taut shadow mask tubes of the present invention have the capability of providing significantly brighter displays than currently-available domed mask CRTs.
  • taut shadow masks of the type described may be used in tubes where the mask and screen are held at different potentials (focus mask tubes) as well as those in which the mask and screen are at the same potential.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
EP83307256A 1983-03-03 1983-11-29 Tube cathodique avec masque d'ombre tendu Withdrawn EP0121628A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47158983A 1983-03-03 1983-03-03
US471589 1983-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0121628A1 true EP0121628A1 (fr) 1984-10-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83307256A Withdrawn EP0121628A1 (fr) 1983-03-03 1983-11-29 Tube cathodique avec masque d'ombre tendu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0121628A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59167936A (fr)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3641010A1 (de) * 1985-12-09 1987-06-11 Tektronix Inc Kathodenstrahlroehre und verfahren zu deren herstellung
EP0239083A2 (fr) * 1986-03-25 1987-09-30 Zenith Electronics Corporation Masque d'ombre plat pour tube image couleur
US4710670A (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-12-01 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly system for a tension mask color cathode ray tube
EP0234519A3 (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-01-13 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly for a cathode ray tube
US4828523A (en) * 1987-06-04 1989-05-09 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask securement means and process therefore
WO1989005513A1 (fr) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-15 Zenith Electronics Corporation Materiau et procede servant a la fabrication de masques de tension pour tubes a rayons cathodiques
US4854906A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-08-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation Material, and assemblies for tensioned foil shadow masks
US4885501A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-12-05 Zenith Electronics Corporation Blackening of non iron-based flat tensioned foil shadow masks
US4887988A (en) * 1987-01-27 1989-12-19 Videocolor Method for the mounting of a shadow mask in a trichromatic cathode tube and cathode tube comprising a shadow mask mounted according to this method
US4900976A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-02-13 Zenith Electronics Corporation Material and assemblies for tensioned foil shadow masks
US4904218A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-02-27 Zenith Electronics Corporation Blackening of non-iron-based flat tensioned foil shadow masks
US4929864A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-05-29 Zenith Electronics Corporation NI-based FTM shadow masks having a nickel phosphide black layer
US4934974A (en) * 1987-12-31 1990-06-19 Zenith Electronics Corporation Factory fixture frame with means for temporarily and removably supporting an in-process tension mask for a color cathode ray tube
US4950945A (en) * 1987-06-04 1990-08-21 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask securement means and process therefor
GB2228364A (en) * 1988-12-31 1990-08-22 Samsung Electronic Devices Support for tensioned shadow mask of flat panel colour tube
US5183426A (en) * 1991-02-15 1993-02-02 Samsung Electron Devices Co., Ltd. Shadow mask stretching apparatus for flat cathode ray tube
US5801479A (en) * 1995-07-26 1998-09-01 Sony Corporation Color cathode-ray tube and method of manufacturing the same
EP0939424A2 (fr) * 1998-02-26 1999-09-01 Matsushita Electronics Corporation Tube image couleur
WO2000060635A1 (fr) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-12 Thomson Licensing S.A. Tube a image couleur dote d'un masque a tension a faible expansion

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0799671B2 (ja) * 1984-09-27 1995-10-25 株式会社東芝 シヤドウマスク構体の製造装置
JPH0721990B2 (ja) * 1985-08-30 1995-03-08 株式会社東芝 シヤドウマスク構体の製造方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2611100A (en) * 1950-12-05 1952-09-16 Rca Corp Temperature-compensated target assembly for color-kinescopes, etc.
US2750524A (en) * 1951-11-15 1956-06-12 Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh Perforate mask for multicolor television apparatus and method of producting same
BE666836A (fr) * 1964-07-15 1966-01-13
US3894321A (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-07-15 Zenith Radio Corp Method for processing a color cathode ray tube having a thin foil mask sealed directly to the bulb
US4069567A (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-01-24 Zenith Radio Corporation Method of installing a color selection electrode in a color cathode ray tube
US4333034A (en) * 1979-04-18 1982-06-01 Sony Corporation Grid structure for color cathode ray tube

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2611100A (en) * 1950-12-05 1952-09-16 Rca Corp Temperature-compensated target assembly for color-kinescopes, etc.
US2750524A (en) * 1951-11-15 1956-06-12 Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh Perforate mask for multicolor television apparatus and method of producting same
BE666836A (fr) * 1964-07-15 1966-01-13
US3894321A (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-07-15 Zenith Radio Corp Method for processing a color cathode ray tube having a thin foil mask sealed directly to the bulb
US4069567A (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-01-24 Zenith Radio Corporation Method of installing a color selection electrode in a color cathode ray tube
US4333034A (en) * 1979-04-18 1982-06-01 Sony Corporation Grid structure for color cathode ray tube

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3641010A1 (de) * 1985-12-09 1987-06-11 Tektronix Inc Kathodenstrahlroehre und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US4710670A (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-12-01 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly system for a tension mask color cathode ray tube
EP0234519A3 (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-01-13 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly for a cathode ray tube
EP0239083A2 (fr) * 1986-03-25 1987-09-30 Zenith Electronics Corporation Masque d'ombre plat pour tube image couleur
EP0239083A3 (en) * 1986-03-25 1988-01-13 Zenith Electronics Corporation Flat shadow mask for color cathode ray tube
US4887988A (en) * 1987-01-27 1989-12-19 Videocolor Method for the mounting of a shadow mask in a trichromatic cathode tube and cathode tube comprising a shadow mask mounted according to this method
US4828523A (en) * 1987-06-04 1989-05-09 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask securement means and process therefore
US4950945A (en) * 1987-06-04 1990-08-21 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask securement means and process therefor
WO1989005513A1 (fr) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-15 Zenith Electronics Corporation Materiau et procede servant a la fabrication de masques de tension pour tubes a rayons cathodiques
US4900976A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-02-13 Zenith Electronics Corporation Material and assemblies for tensioned foil shadow masks
US4885501A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-12-05 Zenith Electronics Corporation Blackening of non iron-based flat tensioned foil shadow masks
US4904218A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-02-27 Zenith Electronics Corporation Blackening of non-iron-based flat tensioned foil shadow masks
US4929864A (en) * 1987-12-02 1990-05-29 Zenith Electronics Corporation NI-based FTM shadow masks having a nickel phosphide black layer
US4854906A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-08-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation Material, and assemblies for tensioned foil shadow masks
US4934974A (en) * 1987-12-31 1990-06-19 Zenith Electronics Corporation Factory fixture frame with means for temporarily and removably supporting an in-process tension mask for a color cathode ray tube
GB2228364A (en) * 1988-12-31 1990-08-22 Samsung Electronic Devices Support for tensioned shadow mask of flat panel colour tube
US5183426A (en) * 1991-02-15 1993-02-02 Samsung Electron Devices Co., Ltd. Shadow mask stretching apparatus for flat cathode ray tube
US5801479A (en) * 1995-07-26 1998-09-01 Sony Corporation Color cathode-ray tube and method of manufacturing the same
EP0939424A2 (fr) * 1998-02-26 1999-09-01 Matsushita Electronics Corporation Tube image couleur
EP0939424A3 (fr) * 1998-02-26 2001-07-11 Matsushita Electronics Corporation Tube image couleur
US6411024B1 (en) 1998-02-26 2002-06-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Color picture tube
WO2000060635A1 (fr) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-12 Thomson Licensing S.A. Tube a image couleur dote d'un masque a tension a faible expansion
US6407488B1 (en) 1999-04-01 2002-06-18 Thomson Licensing S.A. Color picture tube having a low expansion tension mask

Also Published As

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Inventor name: HAHN, ROBERT