EP0119362B1 - Koaxiale Resonatoren für gittergesteuerte Röhren - Google Patents

Koaxiale Resonatoren für gittergesteuerte Röhren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0119362B1
EP0119362B1 EP83402411A EP83402411A EP0119362B1 EP 0119362 B1 EP0119362 B1 EP 0119362B1 EP 83402411 A EP83402411 A EP 83402411A EP 83402411 A EP83402411 A EP 83402411A EP 0119362 B1 EP0119362 B1 EP 0119362B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavities
tube
electrodes
ensuring
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83402411A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0119362A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Gerlach
Claude Grolleau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0119362A1 publication Critical patent/EP0119362A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0119362B1 publication Critical patent/EP0119362B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/04—Coaxial resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/78—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube
    • H01J19/80—Structurally associated resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to resonant coaxial cavities for tube grids.
  • These coaxial cavities are coupled on the input or output circuit of grid tubes, such as triodes, tetrodes ..., for example when these tubes are used in the power amplifiers of television transmitters which must respond specific bandwidth specifications.
  • a capacitive decoupling is then carried out between these cylinders and two electrodes of the tube so as to isolate the cylinders from the electrodes for direct voltages.
  • This capacitive decoupling is generally carried out by an insulating sheet clamped between two cylindrical parts.
  • the capacitive decoupling between the cylinders and the electrodes of the tube is carried out at the end of these cylinders located on the side of the tube. Thus all of the cylinders are connected to ground.
  • the problem that arises is that for the highest frequencies at which the cavities operate, the piston of the first cavity starting from the tube is located towards the end of the cylinders located on the side of the tube.
  • the pistons are arranged at the tension nodes of the standing wave system established in the line, and therefore of course at the current bellies.
  • the insulating sheet which makes it possible to carry out the capacitive decoupling between the internal cylinder and one of the electrodes of the tube is therefore located in a high current zone.
  • the losses in this dielectric are significant.
  • these losses which are troublesome in themselves, cause the temperature to rise in a place which is very difficult to cool.
  • the present invention solves this problem.
  • the present invention relates to resonant coaxial cavities for grid tube, constituted by a coaxial line separated into several resonant cavities by pistons whose position on the line is adjustable, this line consisting of two coaxial cylinders, connected to ground and provided with means ensuring a capacitive decoupling with two electrodes of the tube.
  • the means ensuring the capacitive decoupling of the internal cylinder at one of the electrodes of the tube are arranged in the interval between the positions occupied by the first and the second piston, starting from the tube, for the highest frequency at which operate the cavities.
  • this first piston provides a capacitive coupling between the first and the second cavity.
  • the means ensuring the capacitive decoupling of the internal cylinder to one of the electrodes of the tube are arranged, from the end of this cylinder located on the side of the tube, substantially at a distance equal to a quarter wave of the highest frequency at which the cavities operate.
  • the means ensuring the capacitive decoupling between the internal cylinder and one of the electrodes are therefore moved into an area where, at the highest frequency, the currents are low.
  • the preferred position of this decoupling is that where the currents are practically zero, that is to say at a quarter wave of the highest frequency.
  • this coupling does not have an optimal position but the currents decreasing strongly when the frequency decreases, the losses are largely reduced.
  • FIG. 1 represents a view in longitudinal section of a tetrode associated with coaxial cavities according to the prior art.
  • the coaxial cavities shown in Figure 1 are coupled by way of example on the output circuit of the tetrode.
  • cavities are constituted by a coaxial line 1 comprising an internal cylinder 2 and an external cylinder 3 which are coaxial.
  • This coaxial line 1 is separated into several elementary resonant cavities Ci, C 2 , C 3 by pistons P i , P 2 , the position of which on the line is adjustable.
  • the pistons are symbolically represented in the figure by a double horizontal arrow. Their possible displacement is indicated by a double vertical arrow.
  • the number of cavities and pistons can of course differ from what is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a planar capacitor 4 makes it possible to take the energy, in the second cavity in the figure.
  • the coupling means between two successive resonant cavities are not shown in FIG. 1. They can be constituted by planar capacitors or for example by the pistons ensuring a capacitive or inductive coupling which have been described in the patent application already cited.
  • the first cavity Ci is coupled to the tube and the last cavity C 3 ends in a short circuit.
  • the two cylinders 2 and 3 are connected to ground.
  • An insulating sheet 5 provides insulation for the DC voltages between the internal cylinder 2 and the grid G 2 .
  • This sheet 5 is clamped between the internal cylinder 2 and another cylinder 6 of short length and smaller diameter which is connected to the grid G 2 and which receives by the connection 7 the bias voltage of the grid G 2 , ie V G2 , which is around 1 KV for example.
  • the insulating sheet 5 at the end of the internal cylinder 2 on the side of the tube.
  • the entire internal cylinder 2 is connected to ground.
  • the first piston P l establishes a continuous electrical connection between the two cylinders 2 and 3, it can be displaced over the entire length of the internal cylinder 2 without risk of bringing the entire external cylinder 3 to the DC voltage of the grid G 2 .
  • An insulating sheet 5 is also clamped between the external cylinder 3 and another part 8 which is connected to the anode A and which receives by the connection 9 the bias voltage of the anode, ie VA.
  • the external cylinder 3 ends in a horizontal ring against which the insulating sheet is pressed which is held by another horizontal ring 8, connected to the anode A and to the connection 9.
  • the insulating sheet is pressed vertically at the end of the cylinder 3, outside of the cavity Ci.
  • FIG. 2 represents a view in longitudinal section of a tetrode associated with coaxial cavities according to the invention.
  • the difference between FIG. 2 and FIG. 1 lies in particular in the position of the means ensuring the capacitive decoupling of the internal cylinder 2 from the grid G 2 .
  • these means are arranged from the end of the cylinder situated on the side of the tube, substantially at a distance equal to a quarter wave of the highest frequency at which the cavities operate, ie ⁇ M / 4 this distance.
  • the currents are practically zero in the dielectric 5 serving for the coupling of the internal cylinder.
  • this coupling does not have an optimal position but the currents decreasing strongly when the frequency decreases, the losses are largely reduced.
  • this coupling is placed in the interval, designated by the reference D in FIG. 2, which is between the positions occupied by the first piston P, and the second piston P 2 , starting from the tube, for the highest frequency at which the cavities operate.
  • the first piston P l must establish a capacitive coupling between the first and the second cavity. So although the first part 9 of the internal cylinder is not grounded, the entire external cylinder 3 remains grounded which is important for safety reasons.
  • the other piston of the line, P 2 can indifferently establish a capacitive or inductive coupling or connect, continuously, the internal cylinder to the external cylinder if the coupling is carried out by a flat capacitor for example.
  • the insulating material 5 which is used to carry out the capacitive decoupling between the internal and external cylinders and two electrodes of the tube can be for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide or mica.
  • Capacitive decoupling can also be achieved by an air gap between these cylinders and the electrodes.
  • the cavities according to the invention can be used on the input or output circuit of different grid tubes such as triodes, tetrodes ... They are particularly used on high power tubes, from two kilowatts. They are used for example on tubes operating in UHF between 470 and 850 M Hz.
  • the coaxial line is coupled on one side to the anode and on the other hand to the control grid.
  • the external cylinder has a greater length than the internal cylinder and that it is therefore possible to place this dielectric in an area where the currents are low for the highest frequency at which the cavities operate, for example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 at the end of the outer cylinder located on the side of the tube.

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  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Koaxiale Resonanzhohlräume für eine gittergesteuerte Röhre, bestehend aus einer Koaxialleitung (1), die durch Kolben (P1, P2), deren Stellung in der Leitung einstellbar ist, in mehrere Resonanzhohlräume (Ci, C2, C3) unterteilt ist und aus zwei koaxialen Zylindern (2, 3) besteht, die an Masse liegen und mit Mitteln (5) versehen sind, die eine kapazitive Entkopplung mit zwei Elektroden (A, G2) der Röhre bewirken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel, die eine kapazitive Entkopplung des inneren Zylinders (2) zu einer der Elektroden (G2) der Röhre bewirken, im Zwischenraum (D) zwischen den vom ersten und vom zweiten Kolben (P1, P2) für die höchste Frequenz, bei der die Hohlräume arbeiten, eingenommenen Stellungen, ausgehend von der Röhre angeordnet sind, und dass der erste Kolben (P1) eine kapazitive Kopplung zwischen dem ersten Hohlraum (C1) und dem zweiten Hohlraum (C2) bewirkt.
2. Hohlräume nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die kapazitive Entkopplung des inneren Zylinders (2) zu einer der Elektroden (G2) der Röhre bewirkenden Mittel ausgehend von dem auf der Seite der Röhre liegenden Ende dieses Zylinders in einem Abstand gleich einer Viertelwellenlänge (λm/4) der höchsten Frequenz angeordnet sind, bei der die Hohlräume betrieben werden.
3. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die kapazitive Entkopplung zwischen den Zylindern (2, 3) und den Elektroden (A1, G2) bewirkenden Mittel (5) aus einer Folie isolierenden Materials (5) bestehen.
4. Hohlräume nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das isolierende Material (5) Polytetrafluoräthylen, Polyimid oder Micapapier ist.
5. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die kapazitive Entkopplung zwischen den Zylindern (2, 3) und den Elektroden (G2) bewirkenden Mittel aus einem Luftspalt bestehen.
6. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kolben (P1, P2) die Kopplung zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Resonanzhohlräumen (C1, C2, C3) sicherstellen.
7. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Hohlräume an den Eingangskreis oder den Ausgangskreis der Röhre gekoppelt sind.
8. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Zylinder (2) zwei Teile besitzt, nämlich
- einen ersten Teil (9), der an eine Elektrode (G2) der Röhre angeschlossen ist und einen Absatz (10) geringeren Durchmessers zur Aufnahme des isolierenden Materials (5) oder des Luftspaltes besitzt,
- und einen zweiten Teil (11) konstanten Durchmessers.
9. Hohlräume nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äussere Zylinder (3) eine grössere Länge als der innere Zylinder (2) besitzt und dass die Mittel (5), die die kapazitive Entkopplung dieses Zylinders von einer der Elektroden der Röhre bewirken, am röhrenseitigen Ende des äusseren Zylinders angeordnet sind.
EP83402411A 1982-12-23 1983-12-13 Koaxiale Resonatoren für gittergesteuerte Röhren Expired EP0119362B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8221621A FR2538612B1 (fr) 1982-12-23 1982-12-23 Cavites coaxiales resonnantes pour tubes a grilles
FR8221621 1982-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0119362A1 EP0119362A1 (de) 1984-09-26
EP0119362B1 true EP0119362B1 (de) 1987-04-01

Family

ID=9280431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83402411A Expired EP0119362B1 (de) 1982-12-23 1983-12-13 Koaxiale Resonatoren für gittergesteuerte Röhren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4571525A (de)
EP (1) EP0119362B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59132540A (de)
DE (1) DE3370724D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2538612B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2576456B1 (fr) * 1985-01-22 1987-02-06 Cgr Mev Generateur d'onde haute frequence
FR2655790B1 (fr) * 1989-12-08 1992-01-24 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube a grille a rendement ameliore.
FR2728386B1 (fr) * 1994-12-20 1997-01-24 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube electronique a grille a performances ameliorees
CN115579156B (zh) * 2022-11-24 2023-06-23 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种适用于金属陶瓷四极管的调试平台

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB578911A (en) * 1941-08-26 1946-07-17 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electrical apparatus adapted to operate at very high frequencies
US2434115A (en) * 1943-11-26 1948-01-06 Gen Electric Electric discharge device and coaxial line cavity resonator therefor
US2681997A (en) * 1945-09-14 1954-06-22 Andrew V Haeff Feedback coupling means
US2828438A (en) * 1947-06-26 1958-03-25 Gen Electric Electric discharge devices
US2642533A (en) * 1950-07-31 1953-06-16 Eitel Mccullough Inc Radio-frequency generator
DE1000884B (de) * 1955-10-06 1957-01-17 Telefunken Gmbh Schwingkreisanordnung fuer grosse Hochfrequenzleistungen
US2948858A (en) * 1958-07-18 1960-08-09 Hughes Aircraft Co Cavity resonator circuit
NL179173C (nl) * 1976-05-03 1986-07-16 Philips Nv Versterkerinrichting voor zendtetrode.
NL7808556A (nl) * 1978-08-18 1980-02-20 Philips Nv Trilholte met verbeterde temperatuursstabiliteit.
FR2445037A1 (fr) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-18 Thomson Csf Filtre de bande de frequence

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2538612A1 (fr) 1984-06-29
FR2538612B1 (fr) 1985-10-04
EP0119362A1 (de) 1984-09-26
US4571525A (en) 1986-02-18
JPS59132540A (ja) 1984-07-30
DE3370724D1 (en) 1987-05-07

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