EP0119183A2 - Gaserzeuger - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0119183A2
EP0119183A2 EP84870034A EP84870034A EP0119183A2 EP 0119183 A2 EP0119183 A2 EP 0119183A2 EP 84870034 A EP84870034 A EP 84870034A EP 84870034 A EP84870034 A EP 84870034A EP 0119183 A2 EP0119183 A2 EP 0119183A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
conduit
generator according
hearth
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84870034A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0119183A3 (de
Inventor
Willy Evrard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=3874921&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0119183(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0119183A2 publication Critical patent/EP0119183A2/de
Publication of EP0119183A3 publication Critical patent/EP0119183A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/44—Apparatus; Plants adapted for use on vehicles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/36—Fixed grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements to the apparatuses used for the production of a gaseous fuel; the gas produced by these devices can be used in different applications, one of them, and not the least interesting being the supply of engines both stationary (for example driving generator sets) and mobile (for example mounted on vehicles ).
  • gas generators intended for supplying engines has been well known for a long time; the fuels used are various: charcoal, peat, lignite, coal (preferably lean coal), coke.
  • the gas obtained is normally the product of incomplete combustion of carbon in an air stream which passes through a thick layer of fuel; this gas - called gas in air - contains mainly nitrogen and carbon monoxide, and incidentally carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane and possibly a small amount of ethane.
  • Conventional gas generators basically consist of a fuel hopper-store, at least the interior part of which is frustoconical, closed at the bottom by a grid; a system for introducing combustion air into the gasifier - possibly by suction - and a system for treating the gas obtained complete the installation.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in gas generating devices and its main object is a gas production system freed of its impurities by treatment of the gas produced.
  • the improved gasifier object of the present invention, which comprises in series a fuel hopper-magazine, a combustion hearth supplied with air, a zone for extracting the gas from the hearth, and for discharging solid residues, means gas treatment means and means for supplying a gas engine, is characterized in that at least part of the gas treatment means consists of a circuit penetrating the combustion furnace.
  • the circuit for the treatment of gas is constituted by a discharge chimney composed of two substantially coaxial conduits, between which is provided a space for the cir gas culation, in that the lower end of the external duct is open to let the gas collected in the extraction zone at the base of the hearth, in that the upper end of said external duct is closed, in that that the upper end of the said internal conduit located at a certain distance under the closed upper end of the external conduit is open to allow the passage of gas from the external conduit into the internal conduit, and in that the lower part of said internal conduit is connected to the means for supplying gas to the engine.
  • the two substantially coaxial conduits have their axes substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hearth; in an advantageous variant of the invention, the upper end of the external duct rises up into the upper part of the hearth, for example up to the level of the air supply nozzles.
  • the entry of the gas into the external duct is ensured both by the lower orifice of the duct and by openings formed in the side wall of said conduit; this embodiment makes it possible to reduce the pressure drop of the system while ensuring additional contact between the gas which escapes and the incandescent material which is in the hearth.
  • the internal face of the external conduit is provided with baffles, constituted for example by dishes, arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the conduit, these baffles, brought to high temperature by Proximity to the hearth, both slows down the circulation of gas and thus promotes conversion and cracking reactions, which improves gas purification.
  • the upper end of the external conduit is closed by a conical capital, the inner face of which is provided with baffles, for example constituted by dishes, arranged along generatrices of the cone ; these baffles, which are found at very high temperatures, also promote reactions and, moreover, if their arrangement is appropriate, they force the gas to go towards the internal duct and to descend there, rather than letting the gas streams upset each other along the wall of the outer conduit.
  • the gas captured in the separation zone for gaseous products and solid residues a gas which is at a temperature for example of 600 ° C. and contains a large proportion of C0 2 , is forced to go up in the chimney formed between the two coaxial conduits and will be reheated to nearly 1000 ° C at the top (closed) of the chimney; due to the proximity of the hearth, C0 2 in particular will transform into CO, at the same time as various cracking of hydrocarbons and undesirable elements will take place; the gas thus improved is then sucked into the internal conduit where it descends to gain the means of transfer to the engine; naturally, on the way, the gas can still pass through other means of treatment and purification by wet or dry route.
  • the high temperature gas exiting at the base of the internal duct is caused to circulate around the lower part of the hearth; the gas thus contributes to maintaining this part of the device at a satisfactory temperature to favor the purification reactions.
  • the gas After having circulated in an envelope surrounding this zone, the gas is finally sucked into a pipeline which extracts it from the generator.
  • the improved gas generator described above allows the production of a validly purified gas, free from water vapor, solid carbonaceous residues, etc., and this under particularly simple and economical conditions; it can be used to produce gas from the fuels mentioned above, but also by using various materials, including natural fibrous materials (wood, straw, plants, etc.), possibly after compaction.
  • the gases penetrate into the space formed between two coaxial conduits, one said to be external (8), the other said to be internal (9); at the top of the chimney thus formed, the upward path of the gas is interrupted and the gas descends through the interior (10) of the internal conduit to reach the pipe (11) for exit from the interior of the hearth.
  • the gas is then caused to circulate in the closed space (13) which envelops the lower part of said hearth before reaching the evacuation pipe (14) connected for example to the engine.
  • the part of the hearth located below the gas formation zone is sealed: this arrangement is especially applicable at the base of the hearth, for example near and at the level of the space (12) for depositing solid residues and their evacuation.
  • This seal prevents gas exits at this level and therefore forces this gas to follow the circuit which brings it into the high temperature zone according to the invention.
  • this seal prevents the gas from being charged again with impurities and therefore retains the character of cleanliness that the complete system tends to ensure.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP84870034A 1983-03-09 1984-03-07 Gaserzeuger Withdrawn EP0119183A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE647791 1983-03-09
BE6047791 1983-03-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0119183A2 true EP0119183A2 (de) 1984-09-19
EP0119183A3 EP0119183A3 (de) 1985-05-15

Family

ID=3874921

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84870034A Withdrawn EP0119183A3 (de) 1983-03-09 1984-03-07 Gaserzeuger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0119183A3 (de)
BR (1) BR8401086A (de)
GB (1) GB2140025A (de)
OA (1) OA08315A (de)
ZA (1) ZA841790B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0693545A1 (de) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-24 Manfred Viesel Holzgaserzeuger

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR664136A (fr) * 1928-11-17 1929-08-29 Gazogène au bois à double foyer et à réduction spéciale des goudrons
GB565026A (en) * 1942-11-12 1944-10-24 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements in or relating to gas producers
FR899574A (fr) * 1941-01-07 1945-06-05 Gazogène auto-épurateur
GB575048A (en) * 1943-06-01 1946-01-31 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements relating to producer gas apparatus
FR964798A (de) * 1950-08-24

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1340104A (en) * 1971-06-04 1973-12-12 British Gas Corp Reaction vessels
GB1601693A (en) * 1978-05-17 1981-11-04 Watkins C J Water gas generator
US4261167A (en) * 1979-04-27 1981-04-14 Texaco Inc. Process for the generation of power from solid carbonaceous fuels
GB2056480A (en) * 1979-08-07 1981-03-18 Johansson K Producer gas apparatus
GB2106130B (en) * 1981-09-04 1985-11-27 Foster Wheeler Power Prod Gasification

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR964798A (de) * 1950-08-24
FR664136A (fr) * 1928-11-17 1929-08-29 Gazogène au bois à double foyer et à réduction spéciale des goudrons
FR899574A (fr) * 1941-01-07 1945-06-05 Gazogène auto-épurateur
GB565026A (en) * 1942-11-12 1944-10-24 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements in or relating to gas producers
GB575048A (en) * 1943-06-01 1946-01-31 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements relating to producer gas apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0693545A1 (de) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-24 Manfred Viesel Holzgaserzeuger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA841790B (en) 1984-10-31
GB2140025A (en) 1984-11-21
GB8406099D0 (en) 1984-04-11
EP0119183A3 (de) 1985-05-15
OA08315A (fr) 1988-02-29
BR8401086A (pt) 1984-10-16

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Effective date: 19860116