EP0117532B1 - Fuel and use thereof - Google Patents

Fuel and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117532B1
EP0117532B1 EP84101897A EP84101897A EP0117532B1 EP 0117532 B1 EP0117532 B1 EP 0117532B1 EP 84101897 A EP84101897 A EP 84101897A EP 84101897 A EP84101897 A EP 84101897A EP 0117532 B1 EP0117532 B1 EP 0117532B1
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Prior art keywords
methanol
weight
fuel
fuel according
mixtures
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EP84101897A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0117532A2 (en
EP0117532A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Joachim Majunke
Heinrich Dr. Müller
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DEA Mineraloel AG
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Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG
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Priority to AT84101897T priority Critical patent/ATE36726T1/en
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Publication of EP0117532A3 publication Critical patent/EP0117532A3/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a methanol-based fuel which consists of undistilled technical methanol, water and dimethyl ether and other additives and to the use of the same in motorized garden tools.
  • Undistilled technical methanol contains e.g. Formaldehyde, methyl formate, dimethyl sulfide. Formaldehyde diacetal, formic acid, iron pentacarbonyl and other carboxylic acids and their esters.
  • the invention therefore relates to a methanol-based fuel, which may also contain higher alcohols, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof, characterized in that the fuel consists of undistilled technical methanol containing 0.5-18% by weight of water and 0.5-12% by weight of dimethyl ether.
  • Dimethyl ether has the property that its low boiling point of -24 ° C improves the cold start behavior sufficiently. Although it was to be expected that the solubility of the dimethyl ether would be reduced by the stated water content of the methanol to such an extent that dimethyl ether as a cold start aid would evaporate too early, the long-term tests have surprisingly shown that dimethyl ether remains dissolved in the fuel in an amount sufficient to improve the cold start behavior . Although the causes of this are not fully understood, it is believed that hydrogen bonds cause this behavior.
  • the fuel according to the invention can also contain higher alcohols and ethers or their mixtures. Z are particularly suitable.
  • topped, undistilled methanol can also be used, with volatile impurities having been distilled off overhead.
  • Mixtures of distilled methanol, undistilled methanol and topped methanol can also be used.
  • z. B. diethyl ether and / or methyl tert-bytyl ether may be included.
  • Suitable corrosion inhibitors are e.g. Phosphoric acid esters combined with triazoles, inhibitors based on sodium benzoate, compounds such as 2- (5-aminopentyl) benzimidazole or commercially available products such as PFJ 876 from Ethyl Corp. i.a.
  • emulsifiers are glycols and glycol ethers, e.g. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, their monoethers and diethers are suitable.
  • a suitable ignition control additive is e.g. B. Tricresyl phosphate.
  • the fuel according to the invention can also be used in two-stroke engines.
  • special lubricating oils are preferred, e.g. Lubricating oils based on poly-a-olefins.
  • the fuel according to the invention undoubtedly represents a very significant economic success for the operation of motorized vehicles, which improves the economic supply of engines with alternative fuels by a significant step, since the invention unexpectedly shows that the high technical and costly expense of working up by distillation technical methanol to pure methanol is not required for use as a fuel and a surprising improvement over the prior art is achieved in particular with regard to environmental pollution.

Abstract

1. Fuel, based on methanol, which additionally may contain higher alcohols, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons respectively mixtures of these compounds, characterized in that the fuel consists of non-distilled technical methanol, contains 0,5-18 weight-% of water and 0,5-12 weight-% of dimethylether.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Treibstoff auf Methanolbasis, der aus nicht destilliertem technischen Methanol, Wasser und Dimethylether sowie weiteren Zusätzen besteht und eine Verwendung desselben in motorisierten Gartengeräten.The invention relates to a methanol-based fuel which consists of undistilled technical methanol, water and dimethyl ether and other additives and to the use of the same in motorized garden tools.

Die Verwendung von destilliertem Methanol, sog. Reinmethanol, als Kraftstoff für Otto- und Dieselmotoren wurde im letzten Jahrzehnt intensiv untersucht (Chemische Technologie, Winnakker-Küchler, Bd. 5, Organische Technologie I, 4. Auflage 1981, S. 517). Als Zusatz zu Reinmethanol zur Verbesserung des Startverhaltens wurde neben zahlreichen anderen leichtsiedenden Komponenten auch Dimethylether vorgeschlagen (Neuen Kraftstoffen auf der Spur, Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, Bonn, 1974, S. 160).The use of distilled methanol, so-called pure methanol, as fuel for petrol and diesel engines has been intensively investigated in the past decade (Chemische Technologie, Winnakker-Küchler, Vol. 5, Organische Technologie I, 4th edition 1981, p. 517). In addition to numerous other low-boiling components, dimethyl ether has also been proposed as an additive to pure methanol to improve starting behavior (Tracking down new fuels, Federal Ministry of Research and Technology, Bonn, 1974, p. 160).

Auch der Zusatz von Wasser zu Reinmethanol ist bekannt:

  • 1. Bernhardt, W.E., Lee, W. Combustion of methyl alcohol in spark ignition engines Int. Symp. on Combustion 15-31 Aug. 1974 (Tokyo)
  • 2. Most, W.J., Longwill, J.P. Single-Cylinder Engine Evaluation of Methanol-Improved Energy Economy and Reduced NOX SAE-Paper 750 119
  • 3. lwai, N. u.a. The combustion of methanol mixed with water Second Nato-Symposium 4.-8. Nov. 1974 (Düsseldorf)
The addition of water to pure methanol is also known:
  • 1. Bernhardt, WE, Lee, W. Combustion of methyl alcohol in spark ignition engines Int. Symp. On Combustion Aug 15-31, 1974 (Tokyo)
  • 2. Most, WJ, Longwill, JP Single-Cylinder Engine Evaluation of Methanol-Improved Energy Economy and Reduced NO X SAE-Paper 750 119
  • 3. lwai, N. et al. The combustion of methanol mixed with water Second Nato Symposium 4.-8. Nov. 1974 (Düsseldorf)

Die Ergebnisse der Versuche mit Reinmethanol zeigten zwar, dass keine unüberwindbaren technischen Schwierigkeiten bestehen, sie ergaben jedoch, dass umfangreiche Umrüstungen der Motoren und der Teile erforderlich sind, die mit Reinmethanol in Berührung kommen, insbesondere von Leitungen, Tank, Vergaser und Motorwerkstoffen. Die Verwendung von nicht destilliertem technischen Methanol als Treibstoff für Motoren erschien aufgrund der Befunde mit Reinmethanol sowie der zahlreichen im technischen Methanol vorhandenen schädlichen, insbesondere korrosiven und erwartungsgemäss Umwelt belastenden Komponenten technisch nicht durchführbar.The results of the tests with pure methanol showed that there were no insurmountable technical difficulties, but they showed that extensive modifications to the engines and parts that come into contact with pure methanol were necessary, in particular of the lines, tank, carburetor and engine materials. The use of undistilled technical methanol as a fuel for engines did not appear to be technically feasible due to the findings with pure methanol and the numerous harmful components present in technical methanol, in particular corrosive and, as expected, harmful to the environment.

Nicht destilliertes technisches Methanol enthält z.B. Formaldehyd, Methylformiat, Dimethylsulfid. Formaldehyddiacetal, Ameisensäure, Eisenpentacarbonyl und weitere Carbonsäuren und deren Ester.Undistilled technical methanol contains e.g. Formaldehyde, methyl formate, dimethyl sulfide. Formaldehyde diacetal, formic acid, iron pentacarbonyl and other carboxylic acids and their esters.

In langfristigen, umfangreichen chemischen und motorischen Untersuchungen wurde nunmehr entgegen dem bestehenden Vorurteil der Fachwelt überraschend gefunden, dass nicht destilliertes technisches Methanol, wie es sowohl bei der technischen Niederdruck- (z.B. Lurgi- und ICI-Synthese) als auch bei der Mitteldruck- und Hochdruck-Synthese (z.B. dem Verfahren der Union Rheinischen Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG) entsteht, als Treibstoff in Motoren dann wenigstens gleichgut geeignet ist wie Reinmethanol, wenn es ganz bestimmte Mengen an Wasser und Dimethylether sowie bestimmte Mengen an Korrosionsinhibitoren, Emulgatoren und Zündkontrolladditivs enthält. Die Erfindung betrifft daher einen Treibstoff auf Methanolbasis, wobei zusätzlich höhere Alkohole, Äther, Ketone und Kohlenwasserstoffe bzw. deren Gemische enthalten sein können, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Treibstoff aus nicht destilliertem technischen Methanol besteht, 0,5-18 Gew.% Wasser enthält und 0,5-12 Gew.% Dimethylether.In long-term, extensive chemical and motor investigations, contrary to the existing prejudice of the professional world, it has now surprisingly been found that undistilled technical methanol, such as that used in technical low-pressure (e.g. Lurgi and ICI synthesis) as well as in medium-pressure and high pressure -Synthesis (e.g. the process of the Union Rheinischen Braunkohlenstoff AG) arises when fuel in engines is at least as suitable as pure methanol if it contains very specific amounts of water and dimethyl ether as well as certain amounts of corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers and ignition control additives. The invention therefore relates to a methanol-based fuel, which may also contain higher alcohols, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof, characterized in that the fuel consists of undistilled technical methanol containing 0.5-18% by weight of water and 0.5-12% by weight of dimethyl ether.

Dimethylether hat die Eigenschaft, dass er durch seinen niederen Siedepunkt von -24°C das Kaltstartverhalten ausreichend verbessert. Obgleich zu erwarten war, dass die Löslichkeit des Dimethylethers durch den angegebenen Wassergehalt des Methanols so weit herabgesetzt würde, dass Dimethylether als Kaltstarthilfsmittel zu frühzeitig verdampfen würde, haben die Langzeitversuche überraschend ergeben, dass Dimethylether in für die Verbesserung des Kaltstartverhaltens ausreichender Menge im Treibstoff gelöst bleibt. Obgleich die Ursachen hierfür nicht völlig verstanden werden, wird angenommen, dass Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen dieses Verhalten bewirken.Dimethyl ether has the property that its low boiling point of -24 ° C improves the cold start behavior sufficiently. Although it was to be expected that the solubility of the dimethyl ether would be reduced by the stated water content of the methanol to such an extent that dimethyl ether as a cold start aid would evaporate too early, the long-term tests have surprisingly shown that dimethyl ether remains dissolved in the fuel in an amount sufficient to improve the cold start behavior . Although the causes of this are not fully understood, it is believed that hydrogen bonds cause this behavior.

Die umfangreichen Untersuchungen haben ferner, für den Fachmann unvorhersehbar ergeben, dass die Einspritzung des erfindungsgemässen Treibstoffs in den Motor nicht erforderlich ist, sondern dass sich der Treibstoff auch für übliche Vergasermotoren sehr gut eignet.The extensive investigations have also shown, unpredictably for the person skilled in the art, that it is not necessary to inject the fuel according to the invention into the engine, but that the fuel is also very suitable for conventional carburetor engines.

In gewissen Mengen kann der erfindungsgemässe Treibstoff auch höhere Alkohole und Ether bzw. deren Gemische enthalten. Besonders geeignet sind z. B. Destillate, wie sie bei technischen Methanoldestillationen im Sumpf anfallen und z.B. ohne Einbezug der erfindungsgemässen Dimethylethermenge folgende Zusammensetzung haben:In certain quantities, the fuel according to the invention can also contain higher alcohols and ethers or their mixtures. Z are particularly suitable. B. Distillates such as those obtained in technical methanol distillations in the swamp and e.g. without the inclusion of the amount of dimethyl ether according to the invention have the following composition:

Figure imgb0001
Erfindungsgemäss kann auch abgetopptes nicht destilliertes Methanol verwendet werden, wobei leicht flüchtige Verunreinigungen über Kopf abdestilliert worden sind. Ferner können auch Gemische von destilliertem Methanol, nicht destilliertem Methanol und abgetopptem Methanol eingesetzt werden.
Figure imgb0001
 According to the invention, topped, undistilled methanol can also be used, with volatile impurities having been distilled off overhead. Mixtures of distilled methanol, undistilled methanol and topped methanol can also be used.

Ausser Dimethylether als erfindungsgemässer Treibstoff-Komponente können auch z. B. Diethylether und/oder Methyl-tert.-bytylether enthalten sein.In addition to dimethyl ether as the fuel component according to the invention, z. B. diethyl ether and / or methyl tert-bytyl ether may be included.

Als Korrosionsinhibitor eignen sich z.B. Phosphorsäureester kombiniert mit Triazolen, Inhibitoren auf Natriumbenzoat-Basis, Verbindungen wie 2-(5-Aminopentyl)-benzimidazol oder käufliche Produkte wie PFJ 876 der Fa. Ethyl Corp. u.a.Suitable corrosion inhibitors are e.g. Phosphoric acid esters combined with triazoles, inhibitors based on sodium benzoate, compounds such as 2- (5-aminopentyl) benzimidazole or commercially available products such as PFJ 876 from Ethyl Corp. i.a.

Als Emulgator sind insbesondere Glykole und Glykolether, wie z.B. Ethylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Polyethylenglykol, deren Monoether und Diether geeignet. Ein geeignetes Zündkontrolladditiv ist z. B. Trikresylphosphat.Particularly suitable emulsifiers are glycols and glycol ethers, e.g. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, their monoethers and diethers are suitable. A suitable ignition control additive is e.g. B. Tricresyl phosphate.

Weitere Additivierungen, wie sie in Kraftstoffen üblich sind, können zusätzlich erfolgen.Additional additives, as are common in fuels, can also be carried out.

Es ist für den Fachmann insbesondere unerwartet, dass bei Einsatz des erfindungsgemässen Treibstoffs in Viertakt-Motoren übliche Schmieröle sehr gut geeignet sind.It is particularly unexpected for the person skilled in the art that when the fuel according to the invention is used in four-stroke engines, customary lubricating oils are very suitable.

Auch in Zweitakt-Motoren ist der erfindungsgemässe Treibstoff einsetzbar. Hierbei sind jedoch Spezialschmieröle bevorzugt, wie z.B. Schmieröle auf Poly-a-Olefinbasis.The fuel according to the invention can also be used in two-stroke engines. However, special lubricating oils are preferred, e.g. Lubricating oils based on poly-a-olefins.

Die Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass der erfindungsgemässe Treibstoff besonders gut geeignet ist für den Einsatz in motorisierten Gartengeräten.The investigations have shown that the fuel according to the invention is particularly well suited for use in motorized garden tools.

Es ist bekannt, dass die Emissionen, die bei Verwendung von Reinmethanol als Treibstoff auftreten, niedriger sind als bei Verwendung der üblichen Kraftstoffe auf Mineralölbasis. Dies gilt insbesondere für Kohlenmonoxid-, Stickoxyd- und Kohlenwasserstoff-Emissionen. Überraschend wurde gefunden, dass bei Verwendung von nicht destilliertem technischen Methanol in Gegenwart der erfindungsgemässen Wassermenge eine noch geringere Emission auftritt, als im Fall von Reinmethanol, wie die folgende Tabelle zeigt:It is known that the emissions that occur when using pure methanol as a fuel are lower than when using the usual petroleum-based fuels. This applies in particular to carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbon emissions. Surprisingly, it was found that when using undistilled technical methanol in the presence of the amount of water according to the invention, an even lower emission occurs than in the case of pure methanol, as the following table shows:

Abgasemissionen nach ECE-Norm gemessen mit einem optimierten VW Golf, 1,6 L (Mittelwerte)

Figure imgb0002
Exhaust emissions according to the ECE standard measured with an optimized VW Golf, 1.6 L (mean values)
Figure imgb0002

Dies ist insbesondere beim Betrieb von Gartengeräten von Bedeutung, da sich hier der Betreiber gewöhnlich hinter dem Gerät fortbewegt.This is particularly important when operating garden tools, since the operator usually moves behind the device.

Bei der erfindungsgemässen Treibstoffzusammensetzung wurde ferner gefunden, dass bei den in Gartengeräten verwendeten 4-Taktmotoren, die gewöhnlich im oberen Drittel des Leistungsbereichs betrieben werden, eine vom Fachmann unvorhersehbare Energieeinsparung auf Heizwertbasis auftritt, die ausser auf die hohe Verdampfungswärme des Methanols vermutlich auf einen Wasserinnenkühlungseffekt zurückzuführen ist. Der erfindungsgemässe Treibstoff kann in allen Gartengeräten mit 4-Taktmotoren eingesetzt werden, wie umfangreiche Untersuchungen ergeben haben, ohne dass eine über die richtige Treibstoff-Luft-Einstellung hinausgehende Änderung an dem Gerät für den praktischen Gebrauch erforderlich ist.With the fuel composition according to the invention, it was also found that in the 4-stroke engines used in garden tools, which are usually operated in the upper third of the power range, energy savings on the basis of calorific values which are unpredictable by a person skilled in the art occur, which, apart from the high heat of vaporization of the methanol, is probably attributable to an internal water cooling effect is. The fuel according to the invention can be used in all garden tools with 4-stroke engines, as extensive studies have shown, without a change in the device going beyond the correct fuel-air setting being necessary for practical use.

Dem Fachmann ist bekannt, dass zur Vermeidung von Missbrauch von Stoffen, wie z. B. Treibstoffen, die Anfärbung solcher Stoffe wünschenswert ist.The skilled worker is aware that to avoid misuse of substances such. B. fuels, the coloring of such substances is desirable.

Die Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass bestimmte Farbstoffe, wie z. B. Brillantgrün und Kresolrot, einzeln oder in Gemischen, Färbungen ergeben, die keine Nachteile bei Einsatz in Motoren mit sich bringen und trotz ihrer pH-Indikatoreigenschaften auch bei Sauerstoff- bzw. Luftzufuhr eine stabile Färbung bewirken.The studies have shown that certain dyes, such as. B. brilliant green and cresol red, individually or in mixtures, give colorations that have no disadvantages when used in engines and, despite their pH indicator properties, bring about a stable coloration even when oxygen or air is supplied.

Die Angabe dieser Farbstoffe ist jedoch nicht als Limitierung der vorliegenden Erfindung anzusehen.However, the specification of these dyes is not to be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

Zur näheren Beschreibung eines erfindungsgemässen Treibstoffs werden beispielhaft folgende Daten angegeben:

Figure imgb0003
The following data are given by way of example for a more detailed description of a fuel according to the invention:
Figure imgb0003

Der erfindungsgemässe Treibstoff stellt zweifellos für das Betreiben motorisierter Fahrzeuge einen sehr bedeutenden wirtschaftlichen Erfolg dar, der die wirtschaftliche Versorgung von Motoren mit alternativen Treibstoffen um einen bedeutenden Schritt verbessert, da durch die Erfindung unerwartet gezeigt wird, dass der hohe technische und kostenmässige Aufwand der destillativen Aufarbeitung des technischen Methanols zu Reinmethanol für die Verwendung als Treibstoff nicht erforderlich ist und insbesondere bezüglich der Umweltbelastung eine überraschende Verbesserung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erzielt wird.The fuel according to the invention undoubtedly represents a very significant economic success for the operation of motorized vehicles, which improves the economic supply of engines with alternative fuels by a significant step, since the invention unexpectedly shows that the high technical and costly expense of working up by distillation technical methanol to pure methanol is not required for use as a fuel and a surprising improvement over the prior art is achieved in particular with regard to environmental pollution.

Dies gilt insbesondere für motorisierte Gartengeräte, wo die Emissionsbelastung des Betreibers besonders hoch ist.This applies in particular to motorized garden tools, where the operator's emissions are particularly high.

Claims (9)

1. Fuel, based on methanol, which additionally may contain higher alcohols, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons respectively mixtures of these compounds, characterized in that the fuel consists of non-distilled technical methanol, contains 0,5-18 weight-% of water and 0,5-12 weight-% of dimethylether.
2. Fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains preferably 2-15 weight-% of water and 2-8 weight-% of dimethylether.
3. Fuel according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains 0,005 to 0,5 weight-%, preferably 0,005 to 0,02 weight-% of a corrosion inhibitor, 0,01 to 3 weight-%, preferably 0,01 to 0,6 weight-% of a emulsifying agent and 0,01 to 0,5 weight-% of an ignition control additive.
4. Use of the fuel according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is used in motorized garden tools resp. devices.
5. Use of fuel according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is used after addition of green dyes resp. mixtures of dyes, which are soluble in methanol, preferably after addition of mixtures of tetraethyl-4,4-diamino-triphenylcarbinol-hydrogensulfate and o-cresol sulfon phthalein (cresol red).
6. Fuel according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the methanol is non-distilled, and that low- boiling contaminations are stripped off.
7. Fuel according to claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that the methanol consists of a mixture of distilled methanol and non-distilled methanol and/or non-distilled methanol from which low- boiling contaminations are stripped off.
8. Fuel according to claims 1 to 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that it consists of mixtures of methanol and mixtures of higher alcohols which are side-products of the methanol distillation.
9. Fuel according to claims 1 to 3 and 6-8, characterized in that it contains methyl-tert.-butyl- ether.
EP84101897A 1983-03-01 1984-02-23 Fuel and use thereof Expired EP0117532B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101897T ATE36726T1 (en) 1983-03-01 1984-02-23 FUEL AND A USE OF SAME.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3307091 1983-03-01
DE19833307091 DE3307091A1 (en) 1983-03-01 1983-03-01 FUEL AND USE THEREOF

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EP0117532A2 EP0117532A2 (en) 1984-09-05
EP0117532A3 EP0117532A3 (en) 1986-05-21
EP0117532B1 true EP0117532B1 (en) 1988-08-24

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CN101392203B (en) * 2008-09-28 2012-06-20 梁千豪 High efficiency environment friendly fuel for vehicle
CN101392194B (en) * 2008-10-28 2012-11-07 天津市益环化工有限公司 Alcohol-base liquid fuel and preparation method thereof
CN101418244B (en) * 2008-11-24 2012-07-18 山西东方深蓝醇醚燃料科技有限公司 Alcohol-base liquid fuel
AU2013248186B2 (en) * 2010-11-25 2016-11-17 Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd Fuel and process for powering a compression ignition engine
DE102020107903A1 (en) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-23 Obrist Technologies Gmbh CO2-neutral liquid fuel

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10023818B2 (en) 2010-11-25 2018-07-17 Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd. Process for powering a compression ignition engine and fuel therefor

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DE3307091A1 (en) 1984-09-06
EP0117532A2 (en) 1984-09-05
DE3473612D1 (en) 1988-09-29
DE3307091C2 (en) 1988-04-14
EP0117532A3 (en) 1986-05-21
ATE36726T1 (en) 1988-09-15

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