DE60119078T2 - GASOLINE COMPOSITION - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a fuel composition comprising (i) a low sulphur fuel having a sulphur content of less than 30 ppm, a bromine number of less than 10 and an ultraviolet absorbance at 319 nm is below 0.15 and (ii) an effective amount of an ashless friction reducing additive which is a fatty acid having 10-30 carbon atoms or a derivative thereof. The fuel of the specified characteristics shown improved response to the friction reducing additive in respect of its lubricity performance.

Description

These The invention relates to low-sulfur gasoline compositions which improved Show reaction to friction reducing additives.

fuels, such as gasoline and diesel, are becoming widespread in the automotive transportation industry and used to provide energy for high performance equipment, especially diesel because of its high fuel economy. One of the problems when such fuels (fuels; burned in internal combustion engines, however, is their low Lubricity. This reduction in lubricity comes therefore, that the sulfur content in the fuel z. B. by hydrogenating Removal of sulfur is reduced, this process about that In addition, the lubricity removing polar or friction reducing molecules, such as For example, the nitrogen-containing compounds used in such fuels available. A previously published SAE Publication No. 962010 by Wei Dan Ping et al. titled "Comparison of the Lubricity of Gasoline and Diesel Fuels "(1996) describes the effects of various additives on such fuels including low-sulfur fuels. Although the efforts so far on the addition of such friction-reducing nitrogenous Compounds in the fuels after the hydrogenating removal of sulfur have returned to the lubricity of the fuel The type of fuel itself received little attention to improve the efficiency of such fuels.

The previously published GB-A-2 306 246 and GB-A-2 307 247 relate to the use of carboxylic acid derivatives as an additive to Improvement of lubricity low-sulfur fuels, mainly middle distillate fuels are, such. Diesel, nozzle and biodiesel fuels. Benzines or fuels with a sulfur content less than 30 ppm, however, are not mentioned in these documents mentioned.

In similar For example, EP-A-0 860 494, EP-A-0 739 970 and EP-A-0 635 558 relate to low sulfur Diesel, gas oils or gas oils (Diesel fuels), the esters derived from the transesterification of vegetable oils, Glycerol / fatty acid esters respectively lower alkyl esters of a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, those from oilseeds as a lubricity improver contain. In any case, low-sulfur gasolines, in particular Benzines with a sulfur content <30 ppm, not mentioned.

EP-A-0 829 527 discloses additives for Benzines containing, among other ingredients, ashless friction modifiers contain.

WO-A-99/00467 describes a fuel composition with improved lubricity, the one spark-ignited Comprises fuel and alkanolamide of fatty acid or modified fatty acid, with a maximum sulfur content of 0.05%, by weight. However, they are not called gasolines, and all of the examples pertain Diesel, in particular low-sulfur diesel of the Swedish class I. The bromine number or the UV absorbance of the tested or claimed Fuels are also not mentioned.

It It has now been found that the efficiency of the friction reduction additives Can be significantly improved by the same with fuels be mixed with specific fixed characteristics.

The The present invention is as disclosed in independent claim 1, Accordingly, a composition that (i) low-sulfur gasoline with a Sulfur content of less than 30 ppm, a bromine number of less as 10 and an ultraviolet absorbance at 319 nm below 0.15 and (ii) less than 1000 mg of ashless friction reducing additive per kg of low sulfur gasoline containing a fatty acid 10 to 30 carbon atoms derived from naturally occurring fats or oils or a derivative thereof selected from the alkylamine salts, Alkylamides and alkyl esters of such acids and oligomers thereof.

The Gasoline has a bromine number (that with the amount of olefins in the fuel connected is) below 10, suitably below 5, and preferably below 4.5. The gasoline has moreover a sulfur content below 30 ppm, suitably below 20 ppm and preferably below 10 ppm. The UV extinction of the fuel at 319 nm may preferably be below 0.1, suitably below 0.07 and preferably below 0.05.

The ashless friction reducing additive in the composition is suitably at Room temperature and pressure, a liquid and is selected from C ₁₀ - to C ₃₀ fatty acids, preferably a C ₁₀ - to C ₂₄ fatty acid derived from naturally occurring fats and oils, and the derivatives selected from the alkylamine salts, alkylamides and Alkyl esters of such acids and oligomers thereof. An example of an alkylaminecarboxylate salt is n-butylamine oleate, and an example of another naturally occurring fatty acid is a substance comprising a fatty acid, a tall oil fatty acid.

n-butyl aminoleate has the formula: CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH: CH- (CH ₂ ) ₇ -C (O) O ^{- +} NH ₃ C ₄ H ₉

One Such n-butyl aminoleate is commercially available as a friction modifier as RS124 from Bitrez ltd. offered.

The fatty acid-comprising substance may be either 100% fatty acids or substantially 100% fatty acids, or may be a mixture of fatty acids and / or tall oil acids or derivatives thereof. Such a mixture suitably contains at least 30% (w / w), preferably at least 50% (w / w) fatty acids. An example of a commercially available substance containing fatty acids is TOLAD ^® 9103) (Baker-Petrolite Ltd).

The Friction reducing additive is used in an amount sufficient to give the composition effective lubricity. The friction reduction additive is in an amount of less than 1000 mg per kg of basic fuel used in the composition, preferably 1 to 500 mg and in particular about 5 to 100 mg per kg of basic fuel in the composition. It turned out that a gasoline with these characteristics on the amount of the above specified, added, ashless Friction reducing agent much better than conventional Fuels that do not have these characteristics. A typical one example for such a gasoline is the so-called "Rotterdam gasoline", suitably an end boiling point below 200 ° C, preferably about 185 ° C Has. The ashless friction reducing additive may be part of a Additive concentrate comprising a number of additives. In the additive concentrate is the amount of friction reducing additive suitably 0.2 to 25% w / w, preferably 0.5 to 20 % W / w and in particular 3 to 15% w / w. On the base of the entire concentrate is the treatment concentration of the friction reduction additive in the gasoline suitably 4 to 200 ppm, preferably 10 to 100 ppm and especially 25 to 75 ppm.

The The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative tests.

Examples

• "*" zeigt einen nicht erfindungsgemäßen Testbrennstoff an.

The following fuels with varying degrees of bromine number, sulfur content and UV absorbance at 319 nm were tested for reactivity to a lubricity additive. Of these, both the Rotterdam base petrol and the Neste 95UL base petrol showed comparable levels of sulfur, but the Rotterdam fuel (which has a final boiling point of 186.2 ° C) responded better to lubricity additive. This response, as measured by the percent friction reduction relative to base fuel (Table 2), is associated with the significantly lower bromine number and UV absorbance at 319 nm of the fuel. (Table 1) (Note: the measure of UV absorbance and bromine number are both dimensionless numbers). Table 1

• "*" indicates a test fuel not according to the invention.

• Mittelwert FC = Mittelwert Reibungskoeffizient
• Δ FC = Mittelwert FC (Basisbrennstoff) – Mittelwert FC (additivierter Brennstoff)
• % Δ FC = [Mittelwert FC (Basisbrennstoff) – Mittelwert FC (additivierter Brennstoff)] × 100/Mittelwert FC (Basisbrennstoff)
• * Beziehen sich auf das Gewicht, d. h. mg/kg.
• # erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffe.

Tabelle 3

• n-BAO – n-Butylaminoleat; Tolad^®
• FC – Reibungskoeffizient

The above fuels were tested at various treatment concentrations to determine the change in coefficient of friction and mean friction values, and the results are tabulated in Tables 2 and 3 below: TABLE 2

• Mean FC = mean friction coefficient
• Δ FC = mean FC (base fuel) - mean FC (additive fuel)
• % Δ FC = [Mean FC (Base Fuel) - Mean FC (Additive Fuel)] × 100 / Mean FC (Base Fuel)
• * Refer to the weight, ie mg / kg.
• # Inventive fuels.

Table 3

• n-BAO - n-butyl amino oleate; Tolad ^®
• FC - friction coefficient

Claims (15)

Composition containing (i) low sulfur gasoline with a sulfur content of less than 30 ppm, a bromine number of less than 10 and an ultraviolet absorbance at 319 nm below 0.15 and (ii) less than 1000 mg of ashless friction reducing additive per kg of low sulfur gasoline containing a fatty acid 10 to 30 carbon atoms derived from naturally occurring fats or oils, or a derivative thereof from the alkylamine salts, alkylamides and alkyl esters of such acids and oligomers thereof. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline has a bromine number below 5 ppm. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gasoline has a sulfur content below 20 ppm. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gasoline has a UV absorbance at 319 nm of less than 0.07. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fatty acid of course occurring fats and oils and oligomers thereof. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ashless friction reducing additive Al kylaminsalz of Fatty acid, of course occurring fats and oils is derived, and oligomers thereof. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the ashless friction reducing additive alkylamide of fatty acid, of course occurring fats and oils is derived, and oligomers thereof. Composition according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, in which the ashless friction reducing additive is alkyl ester of fatty acid, of course occurring fats and oils is derived, and oligomers thereof. A composition according to claim 6, wherein the alkylaminecarboxylate salt is n-butylaminoleate as described in U.S.P. The following formula is shown or a derivative thereof is: CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH: CH- (CH ₂ ) ₇ -C (O) O ^{- +} NH ₃ C ₉ H ₉ A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the long-chain fatty acid or a derivative thereof is a substance, the tall oil acid or Derivatives thereof. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment concentration of the friction reducing additive 1 up to 500 mg per kg of gasoline. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment concentration of the friction reduction additive 4 to 200 ppm, based on gasoline. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment concentration of the friction reduction additive 10 to 100 ppm, based on gasoline. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the treatment concentration of the friction reduction additive 25 to 75 ppm, based on gasoline. Method for improving the efficiency of in low-sulfur gasoline used ashless friction reducing additive, in the friction reducing additive, the fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, of course occurring fats and oils or a derivative thereof selected from the alkylamine salts, Alkylamides and alkyl esters of these acids and oligomers thereof, at a treatment concentration of less than 1000 mg per kg Gasoline containing gasoline with a sulfur content of less than 30 ppm, a bromine number of less than 10 and an ultraviolet absorbance at 319 nm below 0.15.