EP0116140B1 - Abziehbare Beschichtungen für Lichtwellenleiter - Google Patents

Abziehbare Beschichtungen für Lichtwellenleiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0116140B1
EP0116140B1 EP19830112165 EP83112165A EP0116140B1 EP 0116140 B1 EP0116140 B1 EP 0116140B1 EP 19830112165 EP19830112165 EP 19830112165 EP 83112165 A EP83112165 A EP 83112165A EP 0116140 B1 EP0116140 B1 EP 0116140B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
radiation
coating composition
recited
polysiloxane
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830112165
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0116140A1 (de
Inventor
Robert E. Ansel
Orvid R. Cutler, Jr.
George Pasternack
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DeSoto Inc
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DeSoto Inc
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Publication of EP0116140A1 publication Critical patent/EP0116140A1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
    • C03C25/106—Single coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31609—Particulate metal or metal compound-containing
    • Y10T428/31612—As silicone, silane or siloxane

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the coating of optical fibers using radiation-curable coating compositions, and more particularly to the provision of ultraviolet curable compositions which can be applied directly to the glass surface of the optical fibers, and which cure to provide low adhesion to the glass surface so as to facilitate mechanical removal of the cured coating.
  • Optical glass fibers are acquiring increasing importance for communication purposes, but in order to use the glass fibers it is necessary to protect the glass surface from moisture and abrasion. This is done by coating the glass fiber immediately following its formation. Solvent solution coatings and extrusions have been applied, but these present problems which have been solved to a considerable extent by the employment of ultraviolet light-curable coating compositions.
  • US-A-4 324 575 discloses radiation curable coating compositions which contain a curable polyethylenic organic compound and lead, after radiation curing, to relatively low modulus coatings; however they do not include any polysiloxane compound.
  • an optical fibre having a cladding made of a plastic material is first passed through a bath of an anti-adhesive product such as a silicone and then through a bath of an elastomeric product. The coated fibre is then heated to polymerise the elastomeric coating which can be easily pulled off without damaging the fibre.
  • This document does not concern radiation curable coating compositions; furthermore, neither the elastomeric coating nor the silicone are applied onto a glass surface, and the nature of the silicone is not disclosed.
  • the coatings in contact with the glass surface are selected to possess a very low modulus, and ultraviolet curable coating compositions have been developed which possess low modulus combined with reasonable hardness and strength. These are more fully described in JA-A-223 638/83 (inventor: Robert E. Ansel) and PCT/US01094, published on July 24, 1984 (inventors: Robert E. Ansel, O. Ray Cutler and Elias P. Moscovis).
  • a radiation-curable coating composition comprising, a radiation-curable polyethylenic organic compound is modified to include from about 2% to about 20% of the coating composition of an organic polysiloxane carrying a plurality of hydroxy-terminated groups which are joined to some of the silicon atoms in the polysiloxane chain by a carbon-to-silicon bond.
  • These hydroxy-terminated groups are desirably carbinol groups so that the polysiloxane can be designated as a polycarbinol polysiloxane having from 2 to 6 carbinol groups, and the carbinol groups preferably include up to 15 ether groups.
  • the preferred polysiloxanes may be copolymers or graft copolymers, and thus may possess either of structures (1) or (2): where R is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
  • R is preferably methyl, but it may also be ethyl or butyl or even phenyl or toluyl.
  • Polysiloxane polycarbinols of the type described above are known. They are disclosed, for example, in US ⁇ A ⁇ 4,331,704, and they are available in commerce from Dow Corning. A preferred Dow Corning product for use herein is available under the trade designation DC 193. It is preferred to employ the polysiloxane in an amount of from 3% to 15% of the coating composition.
  • silicone oils are commonly incorporated into coating compositions, and these tend to bloom to the surface as the coating is cured, especially when heat is used to enable the cure to -be carried out.
  • the result of the conventional effort is to provide a coating with a slick or lubricated surface, without impairing adhesion.
  • This invention normally has an opposite purpose, namely: to reduce adhesion to the substrate, and, where topcoating is contemplated, to reduce adhesion to the substrate without greatly increasing the surface lubricity.
  • this invention is limited to the use of a radiation cure of a radiation-curable composition containing a minimum proportion of appropriate polysiloxane, and to coatings on glass, for other substrates do not respond to this invention. Indeed, when the appropriate polysiloxanes are used on other surfaces and/or in smaller amounts than required herein, the normal result on baking or radiation cure is an adherent coating with a lubricated surface.
  • a polysiloxane for lubricating purposes, one would normally use less than about 1 % of a polysiloxane, so if the polysiloxanes used herein were employed, they would likely be used in smaller amounts than are needed for the purposes of this invention.
  • the concept of a strippable adherent coating on a glass surface is of prime significance with respect to a coating which contacts the glass surface of an optical fiber. These must possess a relatively low modulus below about 10 000 kp/cm 2 (150 000 psi), preferably 1000 kp/cm 2 (15 000 psi).
  • the polysiloxane selection and proportions have special significance in a radiation-curable coating which cures to form a coating having a relatively low modulus of the character defined.
  • Radiation-curable coatings for optical glass fiber may be of various types, but it is always necessary, in order to provide the low to moderate modulus which is necessary in a coating which will contact the glass, to employ a polyethylenic organic compound. Many appropriate polyethylenic organic compounds which may be used are known, but it has been difficult to achieve preferred properties. Very low modulus coatings which are usually overcoated are described in JA-A-223 638/83 referred to previously.
  • polyurethane polyamide or polyurea oligomers having a molecular weight in the range of about 2000 to about 8000 and containing one amide, urea or urethane group for every 300 to 900 units of molecular weight, and containing polyalkylene polyether, polyalkylene polythiol or polyalkylene polyester in which the alkylene moiety contains 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • diacrylate polyurethane-ureas are combined with 20% to 50% of the composition of a radiation-curable monoethylenic monomer having a Tg below about -10°C, such as phenoxyethyl acrylate, and with 2% to 20% of a monoethylenic monomer having a strong capacity for hydrogen bonding, such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
  • a radiation-curable monoethylenic monomer having a Tg below about -10°C such as phenoxyethyl acrylate
  • a monoethylenic monomer having a strong capacity for hydrogen bonding such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
  • An illustrative coating of the above type is made by reacting 4 moles of 4,4'-methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) with 2 moles of polyoxypropylene glycol of molecular weight 1000 and then reacting with 2 moles of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and then with one mole of polyoxypropylene diamine of molecular weight 230 in the presence of 3.4 moles of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and 9.7 moles of phenoxyethyl acrylate.
  • This mixture with 3% of diethoxy acetophenone as photoinitiator, can be ultraviolet-cured on freshly drawn optical fiber, and it can be modified to reduce adhesion to the glass in accordance with this invention.
  • PCT/US/01094 Another type of very low modulus coating which is usually overcoated is described in PCT/US/01094 also referred to previously.
  • These coatings can be described as consisting essentially of an organic polysiloxane having from 2 to 6 reactive side chains each of which carry a functional group providing one reactive site which has been reacted to provide a single radiation-curable monoethylenically unsaturated side chain. There is about one such side chain for every 500 to 5000 units of molecular weight.
  • This preferably provides a prime coating which has a modulus at room temperature and at -60°C which is below 3000.
  • coatings can be illustrated by reacting one mole of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with one mole of isophorone diisocyanate to produce an acrylate-functional urethane monoisocyanate and then reacting three moles of this reaction product with one mole of tris(2-hydroxy polyoxypropyl) polysiloxane of average molecular weight and equivalent weight 2000 (80% methyl substituted and 20% polyoxypropyl substituted).
  • the mixture can be ultraviolet-cured on freshly drawn optical fiber, and it can be modified to reduce adhesion to the glass in accordance with this invention.
  • Moderate modulus coatings which are useful without topcoating can be provided by combining: (1) from 65% to 85% of a diethylenic-terminated polyurethane, which may contain urea groups, this polyurethane being based on a diisocyanate having an average molecular weight of from 400 to 5000: and (2) from 5% to 25% of a radiation-curable monoethylenically unsaturated liquid monomer having a Tg below about -20°C.
  • the Tg of a monomer is the glass transition temperature of a homopolymer of the monomer.
  • acrylic unsaturation is best, but since the radiation can vary electron beam radiation is also useful, so can the character of the unsaturation.
  • Other useful ethylenic unsaturations are illustrated by methacrylic, itaconic, crotonic, allylic, vinylic, etc. These can be provided (using methacrylic unsaturation as illustrative) by reaction of isocyanate functionality with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Allylic unsaturation may be introduced using allyl alcohol in place of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Vinylic unsaturation may be introduced using hydroxy butyl vinyl ether in place of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.
  • acrylate unsaturation has been referred to previously as illustrative and preferred, other radiation curable monoethylenically unsaturated groups may be used in its place in the manner illustrated for methacrylic unsaturation.
  • stronger radiation is needed for these other types of unsaturation, as is well known, and such other radiation is illustrated by electron beam radiation.
  • the radiation which effects cure will vary with the photoinitiator used. Even visible light may be employed using appropriate photoinitiators. These are illustrated by camphor quinone and coumarin which are used together with a tertiary amine, such as triethyl amine. Diphenylbenzoylphosphine oxide is useful in and near the ultraviolet range.
  • the coating composition preferably contains a photoinitiator which is usually a ketonic photoinitiator, such as about 3% of diethoxy acetophone.
  • a photoinitiator which is usually a ketonic photoinitiator, such as about 3% of diethoxy acetophone.
  • Other photoinitiators are also known, such as acetophenone, benzophenone, m-chloroacetophenone, propiophenone, thioxanthone, benzoin, benzil, anthraquinone, and the like.
  • the photoinitators may be used singly or in mixtures, and are present in an amount up to about 10% of the coating (usually 1-5%).
  • Various amines may also be added, like diethyl amine, but are not needed in many instances.
  • the coatings of this invention are applied to freshly drawn optical fibers which are then exposed to appropriate radiation, preferably ultraviolet light, to cure the same.
  • appropriate radiation preferably ultraviolet light
  • the invention is illustrated by a series of coating compositions formulated by simple mixing of the components tabulated below.
  • the mixture is warmed to about 55°C for 1 hour to dissolve all of the components.
  • component 1 is a diacrylate urethane.
  • the diacrylate urethane is an adduct of two moles of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with one mole of a diisocyanate-terminated polyurethane made by adducting a mixture of toluene diisocyanates (80% 2,4-isomer and 20% 2,6-isomer) with a polytetramethylene glycol formed by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran to form a polyether diol having a molecular weight of 600-800.
  • the polyurethane formed by acrylating this diisocyanate has a molecular weight of about 1900 and includes an average of 5 ⁇ 6 urethane groups per molecule.
  • the du Pont product Adiprene L-200 may be used.
  • the diacrylate urethane is the reaction product of an adduct of two moles of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with one mole of a diisocyanate-terminated polyurethane made by adducting a mixture of toluene diisocyanates (80% 2,4-isomer and 20% 2,6-isomer) with a polytetramethylene glycol formed by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran to form a polyether diol having a molecular weight of 800-1200.
  • the polyurethane formed by acrylating this diisocyanate has a molecular weight of about 2500 and has an isocyanate functionality of 6.3%.
  • the du Pont product Adiprene L-167 may be used.
  • Component 2 is trimethylol propane triacrylate.
  • Component 3 is 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
  • Component 4 is benzophenone, a photoinitiator.
  • Component 5 is phenothiazine.
  • Component 6 is diethyl amine.
  • Component 7 is a dimethyl polysiloxane polycarbinol graft polymer.
  • the Dow Corning product DC-57 may be used.
  • Component 8 is a dimethyl polysiloxane polycarbinoi graft polymer.
  • the Dow Corning product DC-190 may be used.
  • Component 9 is a dimethyl polysiloxane polycarbinol graft polymer, as previously described.
  • the Dow Corning product DC-193 may be used.
  • Component 10 is a high molecular weight ester wax. Mold Wiz INT-EQ-6/10 of Axel Corporation may be used.
  • Component 11 is benzil dimethyl ketal which serves as a photoinitiator.
  • Irgacure 651 of Ciba-Geigy may be used as component 11.
  • Component 12 is N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
  • Component 13 is phenoxyethyl acrylate.
  • the coatings on the cured coated glass fibers are cut close to a fiber end, the coating can be easily pulled off the fiber end with minimal marring of the glass surface. Marring abrades the glass and interferes with the transmission of light through the fiber.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Flüssige, durch Strahlung aushärtbare Überzugsmasse, die dazu befähigt ist, nach der Aushärtung durch Strahlung einen haftenden, ausgehärteten Überzug auf einer Glasoberfläche zu ergeben, enthaltend eine durch Strahlung aushärtbare polyäthylenische organische Verbindung und etwa 2 bis etwa 20% (bezogen auf die Überzugsmasse) eines organischen Polysiloxans, das eine Vielzahl von Hydroxy-Endgruppen trägt, die über eine Kohlenstoff-Silicium-Bindung mit einigen Siliciumatomen in der Polysiloxankette verbunden sind, wobei das Polysiloxan die Haftung des durch Strahlung ausgehärteten Überzugs auf der Glasoberfläche vermindert.
2. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 1, worin das Polysiloxan in einer Menge von 3 bis 15%, bezogen auf die Überzugsmasse, vorhanden ist.
3. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 1, worin das Polysiloxan zwei bis sechs Carbinolgruppen trägt.
4. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 3, worin jede Carbinolgruppe einen Polyether mit bis zu 15 Ethergruppen darstellt.
5. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 3, worin das Polysiloxan mit Ausnahme der Carbinolgruppen methylsubstituiert ist.
6. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 1, worin das Polysiloxan eine der folgenden Strukturen besitzt:
Figure imgb0007
Figure imgb0008
worin R einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen
R, eine Alkylengruppe mit 1 bis 16 Kohlenstoffatomen oder einen Polyether mit Alkylengruppen mit 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und bis zu 15 Ethergruppen darstellt;
x einen Wert von 1 bis 1000; und
a einen Wert von 2 bis 6 hat.
7. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 6, worin R Methyl darstellt.
8. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 1, welche durch Strahlung zu einem ausgehärteten Überzug mit einem Modul von weniger als etwa 10 000 kp/cm2 (150 000 psi) aushärtet.
9. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 8, worin der Modul weniger als etwa 1000 kp/cm2 (15 000 psi) beträgt.
10. Überzugsmasse nach Anspruch 8, worin die durch Strahlung aushärtbare polyethylenisch Verbindung acrylat-funktionell ist und worin ein Photoinitiator vorhanden ist, um die Masse durch Ultraviolettstrahlung aushärtbar zu machen.
11. Optische Faser, die mit einem durch Strahlung ausgehärteten Überzug aus der Masse nach Anspruch 1 beschichtet ist.
12. Optische Faser, die mit einem durch Ultraviolett ausgehärteten Überzug aus der Masse nach Anspruch 10 beschichtet ist.
13. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer beschichteten optischen Faser, bei der der Überzug gegenüber der Glasoberfläche der Faser eine verminderte Haftung zeigt, wobei die optische Faser mit einem Überzug aus der Masse nach Anspruch 1 beschichtet wird und die naß beschichtete Faser einer Strahlung ausgesetzt wird, um sie auszuhärten.
EP19830112165 1982-12-10 1983-12-03 Abziehbare Beschichtungen für Lichtwellenleiter Expired EP0116140B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US447181 1982-12-10
US06/447,181 US4472021A (en) 1982-12-10 1982-12-10 Strippable radiation-cured coatings for optical fiber and method

Publications (2)

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EP0116140A1 EP0116140A1 (de) 1984-08-22
EP0116140B1 true EP0116140B1 (de) 1987-08-12

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US (1) US4472021A (de)
EP (1) EP0116140B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59156942A (de)
CA (1) CA1208837A (de)
DE (1) DE3372960D1 (de)

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US6210861B1 (en) 1992-08-29 2001-04-03 Klaus Uwe Schonfelder Tonable radiation sensitive recording material with balanced adhesive properties and process for using the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6210861B1 (en) 1992-08-29 2001-04-03 Klaus Uwe Schonfelder Tonable radiation sensitive recording material with balanced adhesive properties and process for using the same

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US4472021A (en) 1984-09-18
DE3372960D1 (en) 1987-09-17
EP0116140A1 (de) 1984-08-22
CA1208837A (en) 1986-07-29
JPS59156942A (ja) 1984-09-06

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