EP0110945B1 - Positionsüberwachungssystem - Google Patents

Positionsüberwachungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0110945B1
EP0110945B1 EP83901813A EP83901813A EP0110945B1 EP 0110945 B1 EP0110945 B1 EP 0110945B1 EP 83901813 A EP83901813 A EP 83901813A EP 83901813 A EP83901813 A EP 83901813A EP 0110945 B1 EP0110945 B1 EP 0110945B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signpost
frequency
base station
transmitter
mobile unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83901813A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0110945A1 (de
Inventor
Svend Aggerholm
Oddvar Bothun
Flemming Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Danmark AS
Original Assignee
Storno AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Storno AS filed Critical Storno AS
Publication of EP0110945A1 publication Critical patent/EP0110945A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0110945B1 publication Critical patent/EP0110945B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a system for monitoring the location of a plurality of mobile units operating on routes known in advance from a central control station, said system comprising a stationary base station covering at least one transmission channel including a transmitter for transmitting speech or data communication on a first frequency and a receiver for receiving speech or data communication on a second frequency for selective radio communication with the mobile units, each of said mobile units similarly comprising transmitter means and receiver means for radio communication with said base station, and with "signposts" located in specific positions along the known routes, each of said "signposts” being provided with a short range transmitter for transferring position-indicating information to a storage and processing means provided in each mobile unit, and said control station further comprising a computer sequentially providing interrogating signals to each mobile unit, upon the receipt of which each mobile unit replies to the control station transmitting the stored and processed position information.
  • a system of the above-mentioned type is known in many embodiments and is primarily used for monitoring e.g. the public bus service.
  • the public bus service In order most efficiently to utilize the available rolling equipment and to provide a reasonably good service to the public, it is necessary that e.g. the scheduled arrivals and departures are maintained as close as possible.
  • the maintenance of schedules have justified the establishment and maintenance of a location monitoring system, through which it is possible at any time to get an exact survey of where in the system of routes each individual mobile unit is positioned.
  • the individual units can be diverted and controlled from the base station.
  • a system of the above-mentioned type is useful not only in connection with the public transport of passengers, but has also proved its usefulness in connection with e.g. money transports or patrols of different kinds.
  • Radio communication in the microwave range constitute the most frequently used method owing to its reliability and accuracy, but is very expensive.
  • the apparatus used in the VHF/UHF range is less expensive, but then there is a lot of traffic in the air so that it may be difficult to get the required number of communications channels from the telecommunications authorities.
  • US-A-3,644,883 discloses a traffic monitoring system, in which a sequence of messages is continuously transmitted from a traffic control centre, each containing an address of an individual bus, and information is received from each bus about its position at the time of reply.
  • the interrogation messages are transmitted on one frequency, the interrogation frequency, while the reply messages from the individual busses are transmitted on another frequency, the reply frequency.
  • This part of the communications between the traffic control centre and each individual bus takes place digitally.
  • the known system provides a facility for communicating at voice communications level between the driver and the traffic control centre, which takes place on another channel, the voice communications channel.
  • each individual bus receives position-specific information during the passage of a signpost, which continuously transmits messages containing an identification code specific of the signpost in question.
  • Each signpost comprises a digital position generator, the output signal of which is converted by FSK technique into tones used for modulating a constantly operating transmitter.
  • DE-B-2 143 474 describes a system for monitoring the location of a mobile unit in which the signposts are actuated from the mobile unit itself,.e.g. by an RF-signal from the mobile unit.
  • the transmitter on the mobile unit is activated shortly before passage of the signpost by means of a sensor.
  • the sensitivity of the receiver of the mobile unit is decreased by about 40 db in order not to be disturbed by messages from the control center.
  • the transmitter in the mobile unit transmits the position information towards the control center.
  • the receiver means in each mobile unit comprises only one receiver for receiving all communications from the central base station and from the signpost transmitters as well, and wherein the transmitter frequency of the base station and the transmitter frequency of each individual signpost both are included in the VHF-UHF range.
  • these two frequencies are the same or substantially the same frequency.
  • the communication equipment in each of the many mobile units becomes less expensive, because only one receiver has to be installed in each mobile unit. Further, the same transmitter in the mobile unit is used for transmitting both voice communication and position data, whereby the base station also only needs one receiver. Therefore, the stationary equipment is also simplified and thereby becomes less expensive.
  • substantially the same carrier frequency is used in the signpost transmitters and "in the control centre transmitters.
  • the ratio between the signal level from the signpost transmitters and the signal level from the centre control transmitter is selected in such a way that the signal level on the route of the mobile units right in front of the signpost is sufficiently above the mean level of the signal from the control station to achieve an adequate message acceptance of the signals from the signpost and further in that the antenna on the transmitter of the signpost has a radiation pattern in the relatively narrow main beam directed towards the route of the mobile unit.
  • the mobile unit will be able to accept the position indicating information during the passage of the signpost.
  • the control station signals will have a level allowing them to be received by the mobile unit receiver.
  • the local conditions for receiving in the traffic area of the mobile units impede the use of substantially the same frequency, it may be advantageous to use a lower or higher frequency for the signpost transmitters, preferably in the UHF-band by providing additional circuit means at the input of the ordinary receiver in each mobile unit for frequency conversion from the signal frequency of the signpost to the signal frequency of the base station, whereby the position indicating information transmitted from the signpost to the receiver of the mobile unit can be transferred unaffected by the frequency conversion.
  • only some minor auxiliary circuits are required, and basically the same receiver equipment is still used both for the speech communication and for the position indicating information.
  • the auxiliary circuits comprise a series connection of a band-pass filter for the signpost transmitter frequency, an amplifier a frequency converter or mixer circuit connected to a local oscillator, a band-pass filter for the control station transmitter frequency, and some injunction, said series connection being inserted between the ordinary receiver and the ordinary antenna on said receiver.
  • a stationary base station is generally designated by 10.
  • the base station comprises a central computer 11 containing all relevant information about the mobile units forming part of the system, the routes to be traversed, and the points of time when these units are scheduled to pass specific positions in the system of routes, and a transmitter/receiver part 12 which is in radio contact with a mobile unit 14 via an antenna 13.
  • the base station comprises the usual equipment for such a station for the monitoring of the system of routes, such as control desk with display and printer units and radio telephony equipment for the setting up of voice communications connections with any of the mobile units in the system but such equipment is ordinary and does not concern the invention, and is accordingly not shown in the drawing.
  • each mobile unit 14 follows a known route and passes certain fixed points on the route.
  • a fixed point is marked by a signpost 15, which is in principle a transmitter which, through an antenna 16, constantly emits a signal of a suitable strength and containing information about the position of the signpost in question in the system of routes.
  • a sequence of interrogation messages is emitted from the base station 10, each containing its individual address to a mobile unit 14 which upon reception of an interrogation message transmits its reply message containing the identification code for the unit in question and information about its current position.
  • This communication between the base station 10 and the mobile units 14 takes place through two channels, an interrogation channel of the frequency F1 and a reply channel of the frequency F2 as marked by a double arrow 17.
  • the position of the signpost 15 is transmitted to the mobile unit 14 during the passage thereof, and this information is stored in a known manner in a store until passage of the following signpost in the system.
  • the travelled distance between two signposts is measured continuously e.g. by means of an odometer, and this measured value is applied to the position store likewise in a known manner, so that the position information transmitted with the reply message is correct within a certain margin.
  • all the signposts 15 transmit on the same frequency F1 as the base station 10, which is indicated by a single arrow 18. This involves the advantage that an extra receiver is saved in each mobile unit while minimizing the need for transmission channels. It is not unknown that it is difficult, if not impossible, to find free channels in the VHF/UHF band.
  • Fig. 2 shows the most important units of the invention which are incorporated in the transmitter/receiver equipment of a mobile unit 14.
  • the mobile unit Via an antenna 21 the mobile unit receives a message from the base station 10 or from a signpost 15, and this message is passed on through a bandpass filter 22 of the centre frequency F1 to a receiver 23.
  • the receiver selects the received messages so that only the message from the base station 10 which has the correct address, or a message from a signpost 15 causes a response.
  • This consists in the storage of the position code of a signpost in a control unit 24, which also receives information from an odometer (not shown) about the travelled distance since the last passage of a signpost, or the response is that an accepted interrogation message causes the information on the position which is stored at the given point of time in the control unit 24 to be transmitted to a transmitter 25, which transmits this information together with the identification code of the mobile unit through another bandpass filter 26 of the centre frequency F2.
  • the emission diagram of the signpost antenna 16 must be so narrow that its position is defined with reasonable accuracy, and so narrow with respect to the spacing between the signposts that the probability of non-acceptance of an interrogation message is reasonably low, but not so narrow that the message acceptance is too poor during the passage of a signpost at normal average speed. This calls for a certain minimum spacing between the individual signposts.
  • Fig. 4 shows an emission diagram for a two- element halfwave end-fire antenna suitable as an antenna 16 for a signpost 15.
  • the ordinate of the diagram indicates the mean value of the relative signal level in dB, and its abscissa the relative distance in metres calculated in the direction of motion of a mobile unit forming part of the system.
  • the diagram is relatively symmetrical about the axis of the antenna and exhibits a narrow opening angle.
  • About 10 m at either side of the signpost the signal level has already decreased 6 dB with respect to maximum signal strength in the main direction of the antenna, and just under 50 m to the side the signal strength of the antenna has decreased by a further 20 dB.
  • the message acceptance of a message transmitted from a signpost is about 50%, cf. the curves in Fig. 3, and if a mobile unit passes a signpost at an average speed of 10 m/s, the unit receives about 5 to 10 messages from the signpost, the duration of a message including interval being about 100 ms.
  • the mobile unit receives the position information from the signpost passed and stores it for subsequent transmission to the base station.
  • Fig. 5 the coverage profile of the base station is illustrated.
  • the spacing between the signposts is designated by a, and the trapezoidal curves between them indicate the message acceptance of messages from the base station.
  • the transmitter equipment in each mobile unit can be extended with an own oscillator and frequency converter, so that the mobile unit still uses the same receiver as before. This extension is shown in Fig. 6. With respect to the diagram in Fig.
  • the extension consists in a dividing network 31 for the operating frequency Fb of the signpost, said dividing network 31 passing on the signal from the antenna 21 through an amplifier 32 to a frequency converter 33, which receives a signal from an own oscillator 34 oscillating on the frequency Fb-F1.
  • the signal composed by the converter 33 is passed through a bandpass filter 35 of the centre frequency F1 and now contains the information which was transmitted to the antenna 21 on the operating frequency Fb.
  • the signal is conveyed to the receiver through an addition link 36.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. System zum Überwachen des Standortes mehrerer, auf vorher bekannten Strecken laufender mobiler Einheiten (14) durch eine zentrale Kontrollstation, mit einer mindestens einen Übertragungskanal abdeckenden Basisstation (10) mit einem Sender zum Senden von Sprache oder Daten auf einer ersten Frequenz (F,) und einem Empfänger (12) zum Empfangen von Sprache oder Daten auf einer zweiten Frequenz (F2) zur selektiven Funkverbindung mit dem mobilen Einheiten (14),
wobei jede mobile Einheit gleichfalls eines Sendeeinrichtung (25) und eine Empfangseinrichtung (23) zur Funkverbindung mit der Basisstation (10) und mit an bestimmten Positionen entlang der bekannten Strecken angeordneten Ortskennungsgebern aufweist, wobei jeder Orstkennungsgeber einen kurzreichweitigen Sender (15) zum Übertragen von positionsanzeigenden Informationen an eine in jeder mobilen Einheit (14) vorgesehene Speicher-und Verarbeitungseinheit (24) aufweist, und wobei die Kontrollstation ferner einen Rechner aufweist, der sequentiell Abfragesignale an jede mobile Einheit liefert, nach deren Empfang jede mobile Einheit der Kontrollstation antwortet und die gespeicherten und verarbeiteten Positionsinformationen sendet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Empfangseinrichtung (23) in jeder mobilen Einheit nur einen Empfänger zum Empfang aller Nachrichten sowohl von der zentralen Basisstation als auch von den Sendern der Orstkennungsgeber aufweist, und daß die Sendefrequenz (F,) der Basisstation (10) und die Sendefrequenz (Fb) jedes einzelnen Ortskennungsgebers jeweils im VHF-UHF-Bereich enthalten sind.
2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sendefrequenz (F,) der Basisstation (10) und die Sendefrequenz (Fb) jedes einzelnen Ortskennungsgebers gleich oder im wesentlichen gleich sind.
3. System nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis zwischen der Signalstärke von den Sendern der Ortskennungsgeber und der Signalstärke vom zentralen Kontrollsender derart gewählt ist, daß die Signalstärke auf den Strecken der mobilen Einheiten direkt vor den Ortskennungsgebern ausreichend über der mittleren Stärke des Signals von der Kontrollstation liegt, um eine entsprechende Nachrichtenakzeptanz der Signale von dem Ortskennungsgeber zu erreichen, und daß ferner die Antenne des Senders des Ortskennungsgebers ein Abstrahlmuster mit einem relativ engen Strahl aufweist, der auf die Strecke der mobilen Einheit gerichtet ist.
4. System nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Signalfrequenz (F,) der Basisstation (10) viel niedriger oder höher als die Signalfrequenz (Fb) der Ortskennungsgeber (15, 16) ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Eingang des Empfängers (23) in jeder mobilen Einheit (14) zusätzliche Schaltkreise (31-36) zur Frequenzwandlung von der Signalfrequenz Fb) eines Ortskennungsgebers (15, 16) zur Signalfrequenz (F1) der Basisstation (10) vorgesehen sind, wodurch die von einem Ortskennungsgeber an dem Empfänger (23) einer mobilen Einheit (14) gesendete positionsanzeigende Information nicht von der Frequenzwandlung beeinflußt wird.
EP83901813A 1982-06-07 1983-06-07 Positionsüberwachungssystem Expired EP0110945B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK2553/82 1982-06-07
DK255382A DK154588C (da) 1982-06-07 1982-06-07 Positionsovervaagningsanlaeg

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0110945A1 EP0110945A1 (de) 1984-06-20
EP0110945B1 true EP0110945B1 (de) 1987-01-14

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ID=8113162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83901813A Expired EP0110945B1 (de) 1982-06-07 1983-06-07 Positionsüberwachungssystem

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0110945B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3390030T1 (de)
DK (1) DK154588C (de)
GB (1) GB2132398B (de)
SE (1) SE456287B (de)
WO (1) WO1983004451A1 (de)

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US4839835A (en) * 1984-04-27 1989-06-13 Hagenbuch Roy George Le Apparatus and method responsive to the on-board measuring of the load carried by a truck body
US5416706A (en) * 1984-04-27 1995-05-16 Hagenbuch; Leroy G. Apparatus for identifying containers from which refuse is collected and compiling a historical record of the containers
US5327347A (en) * 1984-04-27 1994-07-05 Hagenbuch Roy George Le Apparatus and method responsive to the on-board measuring of haulage parameters of a vehicle
US4845648A (en) * 1984-04-27 1989-07-04 Hagenbuch Roy George Le Apparatus and method for on-board measuring of the load carried by a truck body
US5588037A (en) * 1984-09-14 1996-12-24 Accessline Technologies, Inc. Remote access telephone control system
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US5752191A (en) * 1984-09-14 1998-05-12 Accessline Technologies, Inc. Telephone control system which connects a caller with a subscriber AT A telephone address
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DE3501034A1 (de) * 1985-01-15 1986-07-17 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Drahtlose uebermittlung von standortbedingten informationen von einem fahrzeug
US4861727A (en) * 1986-09-08 1989-08-29 C. R. Bard, Inc. Luminescent oxygen sensor based on a lanthanide complex
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GB2236233A (en) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-27 Philips Electronic Associated Communicating information by radio;preventing communication overlap
DE4244624A1 (de) * 1992-12-29 1994-06-30 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Ermitteln von Fahrdaten eines Schienenfahrzeugs
DE9312460U1 (de) * 1993-08-19 1994-12-15 Siemens AG, 80333 München Elektronische Anordnung zur Überwachung eines Zustandes eines oder mehrerer Gegenstände, z.B. einer Sache und/oder Person
AU5143196A (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-16 Willy Palle Pedersen Communication of position signals from mobile units
FR2765710B1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-09-10 Jean Claude Decaux Systeme d'information pour renseigner les usagers d'un reseau de transport en commun relativement aux temps d'attente aux arrets de ce reseau
AU1448999A (en) * 1997-08-07 1999-03-29 Honeywell Inc. Range positioning system
CN104850942B (zh) * 2015-04-29 2018-06-05 武汉体育学院 一种户外健身器材监控设备

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US2644883A (en) * 1950-04-28 1953-07-07 Leonard W Schoenherr Spring-held decorative shade

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8402638D0 (en) 1984-03-07
DK154588C (da) 1989-04-24
GB2132398A (en) 1984-07-04
SE8400632L (sv) 1984-02-07
DK255382A (da) 1984-02-02
GB2132398B (en) 1986-08-06
SE456287B (sv) 1988-09-19
DE3390030T1 (de) 1984-06-28
DK154588B (da) 1988-11-28
WO1983004451A1 (en) 1983-12-22
DE3390030C2 (de) 1991-02-07
SE8400632D0 (sv) 1984-02-07
EP0110945A1 (de) 1984-06-20

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