EP0108914B1 - Flotationshilfsmittel und Verfahren zur Flotation nichtsulfidischer Minerale - Google Patents
Flotationshilfsmittel und Verfahren zur Flotation nichtsulfidischer Minerale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0108914B1 EP0108914B1 EP83109992A EP83109992A EP0108914B1 EP 0108914 B1 EP0108914 B1 EP 0108914B1 EP 83109992 A EP83109992 A EP 83109992A EP 83109992 A EP83109992 A EP 83109992A EP 0108914 B1 EP0108914 B1 EP 0108914B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flotation
- ore
- formula
- acid
- collectors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 abstract description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
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- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 3
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical class C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIFPCDRPHCQLSJ-WYIJOVFWSA-N 4,8,12,15,19-Docosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\CC\C=C\C\C=C\CC\C=C\CC\C=C\CCC(O)=O PIFPCDRPHCQLSJ-WYIJOVFWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHJDTUHLRPOPSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-4-oxo-3-sulfobutanoic acid Chemical class NC(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CC(O)=O WHJDTUHLRPOPSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-MDZDMXLPSA-N trans-Brassidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/021—Froth-flotation processes for treatment of phosphate ores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Definitions
- Such valuable minerals are, for example, apatite, fluorite, scheelite and other salt-like minerals, cassiterite and other heavy metal oxides, e.g. B. of titanium and zirconium, as well as certain silicates and aluminum silicates, the z. B. float in the presence of so-called collectors.
- Fatty acids, in particular unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid are often used as collectors.
- Other suitable collectors are e.g. Sulfonate surfactants such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, sulfosuccinic acid monoalkyl esters or alkyl or aryl phosphonates.
- collectors based on fatty acids or sulfonates are known to be comparatively unselective, since they are also suitable for flotation of silicate and carbonate minerals and are therefore only of limited use if it is necessary to separate such accompanying minerals from other valuable minerals. It is therefore necessary to add further aids or complex reagent mixtures in order to suppress the undesirable gaits.
- selective flotation in the presence of calcite as a gangue therefore represents a technical problem for which collectors containing fatty acids or sulfo groups have disadvantages in practice.
- the invention relates to the use of acyl lactylates of the formula in which R is an aliphatic, cyclic or alicyclic radical having 7 to 23 carbon atoms and X + is a hydrogen ion or a water-solubilizing, salt-forming cation, as a collector in the flotation of non-sulfidic minerals.
- acyl lactylates of the formula (I) are known; see Chemical Abstracts 55, 14 740i (1961); 60, 13803e (1964); 65, 619c (1966) and 80, 107951q (1974). Thereafter carboxylic acids or their functional derivatives such as acyl halides are mixed with lactic acid or salts of lactic acid, e.g. Sodium lactate, implemented at elevated temperatures.
- carboxylic acids or their functional derivatives such as acyl halides
- lactic acid or salts of lactic acid e.g. Sodium lactate
- the removal of the water of reaction formed or other volatile reaction products such as hydrogen halide can be accelerated by working under reduced pressure, introducing inert gases or using solvents which form azeotropes.
- suitable esterification catalysts can also be expedient.
- acyl esters and lactic acid esters derived from lower alcohols are transesterified with removal of the lower alcohol in the presence of transesterification catalysts.
- oligomeric lactyl lactylates and esters of oligomeric lactyl lactylates are formed in addition to the acyl lactylates.
- the reaction mixture can also contain minor amounts of unreacted starting material. These accompanying substances do not interfere with the use of the products according to the invention as flotation agents and can therefore remain in the product.
- Suitable carboxylic acids which are esterified with lactic acid are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and alkylaromatic carboxylic acids with up to 24 carbon atoms.
- the carboxylic acids can contain linear or branched radicals and can also be substituted, for example by hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, carbonyl, ether or thioether groups. They are preferably derived from aliphatic, straight-chain, saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids.
- Examples include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid, undecenic acid, lauroleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid and clupanodonic acid.
- Mixtures of such fatty acids as are obtainable from naturally occurring fats of native or synthetic origin are usually used.
- Examples of native fatty acid mixtures are those obtained from tall oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, fish oil, tallow or castor oil.
- Lactylates of unsaturated fatty acids and of mixtures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids which have at least 25% by weight, preferably more than 50% by weight of mono- and / or di-unsaturated fatty acids, in particular oleic acid, have proven to be particularly suitable.
- Such oleic acid-rich mixtures can be obtained by known technical separation processes from native fatty acid mixtures, e.g. from sebum fatty acids in the desired technical purity.
- the acyl lactylates can be present as free acids or as water-soluble salts. Suitable are salts of sodium, potassium, lithium and magnesium, further salts of ammonium and organic ammonium bases, e.g. B. salts of mono-, di- or triethanolamine, morpholine or guanidine. They are expediently used as sodium salts.
- the lactylates derived from oleic acid-rich fatty acid mixtures which are preferably to be used are viscous liquids with very low pour points, that is to say below -10 ° to -20 ° C. This is compared to the known fatty acid collectors based on technical oleic acids, which are viscous to pasty Products act as an additional advantage, since - unlike pasty agents - they can be dosed much faster or more precisely even at low temperatures and can be homogeneously distributed in the mineral slurry. They also develop an intensive, load-bearing foam in the presence of alkaline earth metal ions, ie even when using hard water, which is why in many cases it is not necessary to add additional foamers or additional collectors.
- acyl lactylates to be used in the flotation are - depending on the nature of the ore to be flotated and the desired separation success - between 100 and 1000 g / t (grams per ton of ore). These amounts can also be exceeded, but the selectivity can decrease in the case of overdoses.
- acyl lactylates In addition to the acyl lactylates, other common collectors, frothers and other flotation aids can be used in the flotation, which in certain cases can improve the results even further.
- anionic surfactants such as fatty acids and other carboxylic acid derivatives, sulfonation products of fatty oils or fatty acids, mineral oil sulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkane sulfonates, sulfosuccinic acid esters or half-esters, sulfosuccinic acid amides or half-amides, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl or alkyl dialkyl phosphates Dialkyl ether phosphates and alkylphenol ether sulfates.
- Nonionic regulators such as long-chain alcohols, alkylphenols and their ethoxylation products, can also be present.
- their proportion based on the total amount of collectors and foaming agents present, should preferably be at least 25% by weight, in particular at least 40% by weight.
- pH regulators may be present, as well as inorganic or organic depressants such as water glass, starch and starch derivatives, lignin-based reagents such as lignin sulfonates, dextrins, tannic acids and tannic acid extracts, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose , Hydroxyethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose or other known protective colloids.
- inorganic or organic depressants such as water glass, starch and starch derivatives, lignin-based reagents such as lignin sulfonates, dextrins, tannic acids and tannic acid extracts, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose , Hydroxyethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose or other known protective colloids.
- lignin-based reagents such as lignin sulfonates, dextrins, tannic acids and tannic acid extracts
- the invention furthermore relates to a process for separating non-sulfidic minerals from an ore by flotation with mixing ground ore with water to form an ore suspension, characterized in that air is added to the suspension in the presence of an amount of a compound of the formula (I) which is effective as a collector initiates and separates the desired minerals from the resulting foam.
- the arrangement used for the flotation experiments consisted of a modified "Hallimond tube” according to B. DOBIAS in "Colloid & Polymer Sci. 259, 775-776 (1981), which had a volume of 160 ml.
- the apparatus was charged with 1.5 g of a ground phosphorite ore and a solution of the collector (type II) in a concentration of 28 mg / I corresponding to 3000 g / t.
- a concentrate was discharged while passing a nitrogen stream of 9.8 ml / min and stirring, which was analyzed as a function of time.
- the pH of the flotation solution was 9.5, the lactylate being in the form of the sodium salt.
- the results are summarized in Table I.
- the amount of the collector in g / t, in column 2 the flotation time in minutes, in column 3, the yield in percent by weight, based on the amount of P 2 0 5 submitted, and in column 4, the P 2 0 5 - reproduced the content of the applied concentrate.
- Table 2 shows the results of comparative tests.
- V 1 sodium oleate
- V2 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
- V 3 a sodium sulfosuccinic acid monoalkyl ester (alkyl radical C 12-18 ) was used, each in a concentration of 3000 g / t ore.
- the collectors in experiments V 1 and V 2 are considerably less efficient than the compounds to be used according to the invention.
- the phosphate content of the raw ore used is not yet substantially depleted, which is why the content c in the concentrate is still relatively high at this point in time. This must be taken into account when comparing the test results.
- the flotation was carried out in one stage at a turbidity of 200 g / l, a speed of rotation of the mixing device of 1200 per minute, a pH of 11 and with the addition of water glass in an amount of 2000 g / t. 300 g / t fatty acid lactylate (Na salt, type II) were used as collectors.
- the flotation time was 4 minutes.
- the flotation was carried out for 4 minutes.
- 500 g / t water glass, 200 g / t dextrin and 750 g / t lignin sulfonate were added as pusher.
- oleic acid lactylate Na salt, type I
- sodium oleate V s
- sodium alkyl ether phosphate V 6 .
- the amount of use S of the collector in g / t, the pH of the solution and the test results can be found in Table IV.
- the application rate m is significantly higher compared to the known means.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83109992T ATE34675T1 (de) | 1982-10-14 | 1983-10-06 | Flotationshilfsmittel und verfahren zur flotation nichtsulfidischer minerale. |
NO833996A NO833996L (no) | 1982-11-03 | 1983-11-02 | Stroemretter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3238060 | 1982-10-14 | ||
DE19823238060 DE3238060A1 (de) | 1982-10-14 | 1982-10-14 | Flotationsmittel und verfahren zur flotation nichtsulfidischer minerale |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0108914A2 EP0108914A2 (de) | 1984-05-23 |
EP0108914A3 EP0108914A3 (en) | 1986-08-13 |
EP0108914B1 true EP0108914B1 (de) | 1988-06-01 |
Family
ID=6175685
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83109992A Expired EP0108914B1 (de) | 1982-10-14 | 1983-10-06 | Flotationshilfsmittel und Verfahren zur Flotation nichtsulfidischer Minerale |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4457850A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0108914B1 (es) |
AT (1) | ATE34675T1 (es) |
CA (1) | CA1207092A (es) |
DE (2) | DE3238060A1 (es) |
FI (1) | FI73369C (es) |
MX (1) | MX7649E (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA837643B (es) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3517154A1 (de) * | 1985-05-11 | 1986-11-13 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verwendung von tensidgemischen als hilfsmittel fuer die flotation von nichtsulfidischen erzen |
DE3536975A1 (de) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von nichtionischen tensiden als hilfsmittel fuer die flotation von nichtsulfidischen erzen |
SE467239B (sv) * | 1989-04-05 | 1992-06-22 | Berol Nobel Ab | Foerfarande foer flotation av jordartsmetallinnehaallande mineral samt medel daerfoer |
DE4010279A1 (de) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur gewinnung von mineralien aus nichtsulfidischen erzen durch flotation |
DE4016792A1 (de) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-28 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur gewinnung von mineralien aus nichtsulfidischen erzen durch flotation |
DE4117671A1 (de) * | 1991-05-29 | 1992-12-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur gewinnung von mineralien aus nichtsulfidischen erzen durch flotation |
DE4133063A1 (de) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur herstellung von eisenerzkonzentraten durch flotation |
AUPM668094A0 (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1994-07-28 | Hoecker, Walter | Physical separation processes for mineral slurries |
AU691312B2 (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1998-05-14 | Boc Gases Australia Limited | Physical separation processes for mineral slurries |
EA033476B1 (ru) | 2013-07-05 | 2019-10-31 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals Int Bv | Синтез анионогенных поверхностно-активных веществ и их применение в качестве собирателей при пенной флотации несульфидных руд |
CN115634777B (zh) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-06-20 | 江西省宜丰万国矿业有限公司 | 一种提高硫化铅锌矿中伴生金银回收率的浮选方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2120217A (en) * | 1937-12-18 | 1938-06-07 | Benjamin R Harris | Ore flotation |
US2778499A (en) * | 1952-09-16 | 1957-01-22 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Method of froth flotation |
CA592315A (en) * | 1955-03-05 | 1960-02-09 | Moeller August | Flotation process |
US3252662A (en) * | 1962-08-20 | 1966-05-24 | Monsanto Co | Sulfide ore beneficiation |
US4171261A (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1979-10-16 | Chem-Y, Fabriek Van Chemische Produkten B.V. | Process for the flotation of ores and collector for use in this process |
DE2820942A1 (de) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-22 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Uebersaure feste metallactate, verfahren zu deren herstellung und verwendung |
US4368117A (en) * | 1978-06-22 | 1983-01-11 | Outokumpu Oy | Process for the selective froth-flotation of sulfidic, oxidic and salt-type minerals |
US4368116A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1983-01-11 | Vojislav Petrovich | Polyhydroxy fatty acids collector-frothers |
US4387034A (en) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-06-07 | Thiotech, Inc. | Mixed alkylthionocarbamates flotation collectors and ore dressing methods in which the collectors are employed |
-
1982
- 1982-10-14 DE DE19823238060 patent/DE3238060A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-05-06 US US06/492,280 patent/US4457850A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-09-20 FI FI833363A patent/FI73369C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-10-06 EP EP83109992A patent/EP0108914B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-10-06 DE DE8383109992T patent/DE3376804D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-10-06 AT AT83109992T patent/ATE34675T1/de active
- 1983-10-13 CA CA000438960A patent/CA1207092A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-13 ZA ZA837643A patent/ZA837643B/xx unknown
- 1983-10-14 MX MX8310837U patent/MX7649E/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI833363A0 (fi) | 1983-09-20 |
EP0108914A3 (en) | 1986-08-13 |
US4457850A (en) | 1984-07-03 |
FI833363A (fi) | 1984-04-15 |
DE3376804D1 (en) | 1988-07-07 |
FI73369B (fi) | 1987-06-30 |
ATE34675T1 (de) | 1988-06-15 |
MX7649E (es) | 1990-06-04 |
FI73369C (fi) | 1987-10-09 |
EP0108914A2 (de) | 1984-05-23 |
ZA837643B (en) | 1984-07-25 |
CA1207092A (en) | 1986-07-02 |
DE3238060A1 (de) | 1984-04-19 |
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