EP0105866B1 - Plasmaschmelzofen - Google Patents

Plasmaschmelzofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105866B1
EP0105866B1 EP83890167A EP83890167A EP0105866B1 EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1 EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
plasma
melting furnace
plasma melting
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83890167A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0105866A1 (de
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lugscheider
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Leutgöb
Ernst Riegler
Ernst Zajicek
Othmar Dipl.-Ing. Pühringer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0105866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0105866B1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
    • F27D2001/0056—Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically
    • F27D2099/0041—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a refractory-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.
  • Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap.
  • the plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are only charged with the solid insert to be melted down to such an extent that the furnace interior located above the orifices of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch.
  • the available furnace filling volume can therefore only be used to a maximum of 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more charges have to be made in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible.
  • the subsequent charging after melting down the partial quantities of scrap that have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. In addition, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas to avoid the entry of false air into the melt during the charging process.
  • the invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in a plasma melting furnace of the type described in the introduction in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped, protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie.
  • the cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.
  • a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches than the diameter of the circle on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged.
  • the protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length.
  • the tip of the pouring cone formed from the cargo can extend into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.
  • a discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the projecting part.
  • the inventive design of the plasma melting furnace even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the interior of the furnace nevertheless being maintained.
  • the discharge opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover.
  • the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated.
  • the cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.
  • the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner to such an extent that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.
  • the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch is horizontally and vertically around one Angle of ⁇ 10 °, based on the normal position, can be adjusted. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt light scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.
  • the refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3.
  • the lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4.
  • a slag door and a pouring channel are arranged diametrically opposite one another in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual way.
  • the cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.
  • the shoulder-shaped projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1.
  • the diameter D of the central charging opening is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the orifices of the plasma torch 5 lie.
  • the exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft.
  • the charging opening is closed with a lid 10.
  • the plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the surface of the melt and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle a of preferably 10 °.
  • the projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
  • the plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle ⁇ .
  • the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP83890167A 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Plasmaschmelzofen Expired EP0105866B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3673/82 1982-10-05
AT0367382A AT382890B (de) 1982-10-05 1982-10-05 Plasmaschmelzofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0105866A1 EP0105866A1 (de) 1984-04-18
EP0105866B1 true EP0105866B1 (de) 1986-08-27

Family

ID=3553789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83890167A Expired EP0105866B1 (de) 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Plasmaschmelzofen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4546483A (fi)
EP (1) EP0105866B1 (fi)
JP (1) JPS59157478A (fi)
AT (1) AT382890B (fi)
CA (1) CA1211777A (fi)
DE (1) DE3365683D1 (fi)
ES (1) ES526233A0 (fi)
FI (1) FI833587A (fi)
ZA (1) ZA837192B (fi)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE451756B (sv) * 1984-10-19 1987-10-26 Skf Steel Eng Ab Plasmageneratorinstallation i schaktugn
FR2610087B1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1989-11-24 Aerospatiale Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets solides par pyrolyse
FR2630529B1 (fr) * 1988-04-22 1990-08-10 Aerospatiale Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets chimiquement stables
CA2048654A1 (en) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-05 Kazushige Inokuchi Transferred plasma-arc torch
US5548611A (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-08-20 Schuller International, Inc. Method for the melting, combustion or incineration of materials and apparatus therefor
CA2188357C (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-09-07 Peter G. Tsantrizos plasma gasification and vitrification of ashes
FR2762535B1 (fr) * 1997-04-23 1999-05-28 Lorraine Laminage Repartiteur de coulee continue des metaux, du type comportant au moins une torche a plasma pour le rechauffage du metal
CN100464511C (zh) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 一种以太网通信系统及方法
DE102006029724B4 (de) 2006-06-28 2008-12-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Ofen zum Schmelzen von Stahlschrott

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR494635A (fr) * 1913-11-15 1919-09-13 Elektrometall Ab Four électrique
US1421185A (en) * 1919-12-05 1922-06-27 Roy A Driscoll Electric furnace
US1642359A (en) * 1925-08-27 1927-09-13 Croesf Dirk Electric furnace
US2686824A (en) * 1951-03-06 1954-08-17 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Electric furnace
US3422206A (en) * 1965-04-07 1969-01-14 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for melting metal in an electric furnace
US3536343A (en) * 1969-02-14 1970-10-27 R L Clark Corp The Scrap preheat hood
US3756582A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-09-04 Hawley Manufacturing Corp Exhaust and charging hood for tilting furnace
DD109789A1 (fi) * 1974-02-05 1974-11-12
US4018973A (en) * 1974-08-20 1977-04-19 Paton Boris E Furnace construction for plasma arc remelting of metal
GB1525393A (en) * 1974-10-02 1978-09-20 Daido Steel Co Ltd Heat treating apparatus and method
CA1055553A (en) * 1975-04-16 1979-05-29 Tibur Metals Ltd. Extended arc furnace and process for melting particulate charge therein
FR2373023A1 (fr) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Tibur Metals Ltd Four et procede de traitement thermique de matieres particulaires a l'aide d'un arc etendu
DD142491A3 (de) * 1977-06-29 1980-07-02 Konrad Primke Plasmaschmelzofen
AT371589B (de) * 1981-07-15 1983-07-11 Voest Alpine Ag Plasmaschmelzofen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA367382A (de) 1986-09-15
ZA837192B (en) 1984-11-28
ES8407519A1 (es) 1984-09-16
DE3365683D1 (en) 1986-10-02
FI833587A (fi) 1984-04-06
CA1211777A (en) 1986-09-23
FI833587A0 (fi) 1983-10-03
EP0105866A1 (de) 1984-04-18
JPS59157478A (ja) 1984-09-06
JPS6255069B2 (fi) 1987-11-18
AT382890B (de) 1987-04-27
US4546483A (en) 1985-10-08
ES526233A0 (es) 1984-09-16

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