EP0105866B1 - Plasma melting furnace - Google Patents

Plasma melting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105866B1
EP0105866B1 EP83890167A EP83890167A EP0105866B1 EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1 EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
plasma
melting furnace
plasma melting
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83890167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0105866A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lugscheider
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Leutgöb
Ernst Riegler
Ernst Zajicek
Othmar Dipl.-Ing. Pühringer
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0105866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
    • F27D2001/0056—Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically
    • F27D2099/0041—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a refractory-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.
  • Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap.
  • the plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are only charged with the solid insert to be melted down to such an extent that the furnace interior located above the orifices of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch.
  • the available furnace filling volume can therefore only be used to a maximum of 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more charges have to be made in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible.
  • the subsequent charging after melting down the partial quantities of scrap that have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. In addition, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas to avoid the entry of false air into the melt during the charging process.
  • the invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in a plasma melting furnace of the type described in the introduction in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped, protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie.
  • the cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.
  • a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches than the diameter of the circle on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged.
  • the protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length.
  • the tip of the pouring cone formed from the cargo can extend into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.
  • a discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the projecting part.
  • the inventive design of the plasma melting furnace even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the interior of the furnace nevertheless being maintained.
  • the discharge opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover.
  • the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated.
  • the cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.
  • the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner to such an extent that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.
  • the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch is horizontally and vertically around one Angle of ⁇ 10 °, based on the normal position, can be adjusted. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt light scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.
  • the refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3.
  • the lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4.
  • a slag door and a pouring channel are arranged diametrically opposite one another in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual way.
  • the cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.
  • the shoulder-shaped projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1.
  • the diameter D of the central charging opening is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the orifices of the plasma torch 5 lie.
  • the exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft.
  • the charging opening is closed with a lid 10.
  • the plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the surface of the melt and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle a of preferably 10 °.
  • the projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
  • the plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle ⁇ .
  • the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plasmaschmelzofen mit einem feuerfest ausgekleideten zylindrischen Ofenkörper, durch dessen Seitenwand eine Mehrzahl von abwärts gerichteten Plasmabrennern geführt sind, deren Mündungen über die Innenfläche des Ofenkörpers in das Ofeninnere ragen, und mit einer feuerfest ausgekleideten, das Ofeninnere abschliessenden Abdeckung.The invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a refractory-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.

Plasmaschmelzöfen dieser Art werden vor allem zum Einschmelzen von Schrott verwendet. Die Plasmaschmelzöfen üblicher Bauart werden mit einzuschmelzendem Feststoffeinsatz nur so weit chargiert, dass der über den Mündungen der Plasmabrenner befindliche Ofeninnenraum frei von Einsatzmaterial bleibt, da andernfalls während des Einschmelzvorganges elektrische Überschläge zwischen Teilen des Einsatzes und der Brennermündung stattfinden können, welche zum Ausfall oder sogar zur Zerstörung der Plasmabrenner führen. Das verfügbare Ofenfüllvolumen kann daher im allgemeinen nur zu 30%, maximal bis zu 50%, ausgenützt werden, so dass gerade bei Beschickung des Plasmaschmelzofens mit Schrott geringer Schüttdichte ein- oder mehrmals nachchargiert werden muss, um die Ofenkapazität möglichst wirtschaftlich zu nützen. Das Nachchargieren im Anschluss an das Niederschmelzen der bereits in das Ofeninnere eingebrachten Teilmengen an Schrott bringt schwerwiegende Nachteile mit sich. So muss der Ofendeckel immer wieder abgehoben werden und die Plasmabrenner müssen aus dem Ofeninnenraum zurückgezogen werden. Überdies ist es besonders schwierig und mit erheblichen Inertgasverlusten verbunden, während des Chargiervorganges einen Falschluftzutritt zur Schmelze zu vermeiden.Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap. The plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are only charged with the solid insert to be melted down to such an extent that the furnace interior located above the orifices of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch. The available furnace filling volume can therefore only be used to a maximum of 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more charges have to be made in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible. The subsequent charging after melting down the partial quantities of scrap that have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. In addition, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas to avoid the entry of false air into the melt during the charging process.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, die aufgezeigten Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden und einen Plasmaschmelzofen zu schaffen, welcher auch bei Einsätzen mit geringen Schüttdichten unter Ausnützung der vollen Ofenkapazität nur einmal chargiert zu werden braucht, ohne die Plasmabrenner durch das Auftreten elektrischer Kurzschlüsse oder durch herabfallende Teile des Einsatzmaterials zu gefährden.The invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird bei einem Plasmaschmelzofen der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Abdeckung einen schulterförmig einspringenden, eine zentrale Chargieröffnung begrenzenden aufragenden Teil aufweist, der durch einen Deckel verschliessbar ist, wobei der Durchmesser der zentralen Chargieröffnung geringer ist als der Durchmesser des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner liegen. Der Deckel ist in bekannter Weise heb- und schwenkbar ausgebildet.The object is achieved according to the invention in a plasma melting furnace of the type described in the introduction in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped, protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie. The cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.

Beim Chargieren bildet sich bei einem erfindungsgemässen Plasmaschmelzofen ein Schüttkegel, dessen Durchmesser in Höhe einer durch die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner gelegten horizontalen Ebene geringer als der Durchmesser jenes Kreises, auf dessen Umfang die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner angeordnet sind, gehalten werden kann. Der aufragende Teil bildet einen Chargierschacht mit wählbarer Länge. Die Spitze des aus dem Chargiergut gebildeten Schüttkegels kann bis in diesen Chargierschacht reichen, ohne dass die im Ofeninneren befindlichen Plasmabrennermündungen gefährdet würden. Auf diese Weise ist die optimale Ausnützung des Ofenfüllvolumens mit einem einzigen Chargiervorgang gewährleistet.When charging, a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches than the diameter of the circle on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged. The protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length. The tip of the pouring cone formed from the cargo can extend into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.

Zweckmässig ist seitlich am aufragenden Teil eine Abzugsöffnung für Abgase angeordnet. Diese Abzugsöffnung befindet sich im Bereich des oberen Endes des aufragenden Teiles.A discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the projecting part.

Bisher war es üblich, im Ofendeckel eine Öffnung vorzusehen, an welche eine Abzugsleitung für Rauch und Abgase angeschlossen war. Ein solcher Aufbau brachte bei jedem Abheben des Deckels erhebliche zusätzliche Komplikationen mit sich, wohingegen die Abzugsleitung an der erfindungsgemässen Abdeckung beim Chargieren ortsfest bleibt.It was previously common to provide an opening in the furnace cover to which an exhaust pipe for smoke and exhaust gases was connected. Such a structure brought with it considerable additional complications each time the cover was lifted off, whereas the discharge line on the cover according to the invention remains stationary when charging.

Die erfindungsgemässe Ausbildung des Plasmaschmelzofens ermöglicht sogar kontinuierliches Chargieren des Ofens, wobei die Inertgasatmosphäre im Ofeninneren trotzdem erhalten bleibt. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Abzugsöffnung in der Abdeckung verschlossen, so dass die heissen Ofenabgase dem durch die zentrale Öffnung der Abdeckung chargierten Einsatzmaterial entgegenströmen. Dabei werden einerseits die mit dem Schrott eingebrachten Verunreinigungen grösstenteils abgebrannt und andererseits das Einsatzmaterial vorgewärmt. Das gereinigte und vorgewärmte Einsatzmaterial stellt die bestmögliche Ausnützung der von den Plasmabrennern abgestrahlten Energie sicher.The inventive design of the plasma melting furnace even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the interior of the furnace nevertheless being maintained. For this purpose, the discharge opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover. On the one hand, the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated. The cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.

Um während des Chargierens die durch die Seitenwand des zylindrischen Ofenkörpers geführten Plasmabrenner nicht durch herabfallendes Schüttgut zu beschädigen, können als zusätzliche Vorsichtsmassnahme die Brenner in bekannter Weise aus dem Ofeninneren so weit herausgezogen werden, dass die Brennermündungen in den Bereich der Ofenauskleidung zu liegen kommen.In order not to damage the plasma torches led through the side wall of the cylindrical furnace body by falling bulk material during charging, as an additional precautionary measure, the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner to such an extent that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.

Bei kontinuierlicher Chargierung von Leichtschrott sind grundsätzlich zwei Betriebsweisen bei einem erfindungsgemässen Plasmaschmelzofen vorgesehen, u.zw.

  • - Aufschmelzen der gesamten Schrottsäule vor dem Frischen und Feinen des Stahles, wobei als Produkt elektrostahlähnliche Stahlqualitäten erhalten werden.
  • - Aufschmelzen des Leichtschrottes zu einem Flüssigmetall von rohstahlähnlicher Zusammensetzung, welches diskontinuierlich abgestochen wird. Die Umwandlung des Rohstahles in ein Fertigprodukt wird nach konventionellen metallurgischen Verfahren durchgeführt.
In the case of continuous charging of light scrap, two modes of operation are basically provided in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, etc.
  • - Melting of the entire scrap column before the steel is refreshed and refined, whereby steel steel-like qualities are obtained as a product.
  • - Melting the light scrap into a liquid metal of crude steel-like composition, which is discontinuously tapped. The conversion of the raw steel into a finished product is carried out according to conventional metallurgical processes.

Insbesondere für das Einschmelzen von Leichtschrott sind die Plasmabrenner vorzugsweise horizontal und vertikal schwenkbar, wobei es sich als günstig erwiesen hat, wenn jeder Plasmabrenner sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal um einen Winkel von jeweils ± 10°, bezogen auf die Normallage, verstellt werden kann. Zum Einschmelzen von Leichtschrott wird im Vergleich zu Schwerschrott für das gleiche Schüttvolumen aufgrund der geringeren Schüttdichte weniger Energie benötigt. Deshalb ist es wirtschaftlicher, durch Schwenkbewegungen die von den Plasmabrennern abgestrahlte Energie über einen grösseren Volumsbereich zu verteilen.In particular for melting light scrap, the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch is horizontally and vertically around one Angle of ± 10 °, based on the normal position, can be adjusted. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt light scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemässen Plasmaschmelzofens mit zylindrischem Ofenkörper und vier nach abwärts gerichteten, schwenkbaren Plasmabrennern. In Fig. 2 ist eine Aufsicht auf einen Plasmaschmelzofen gemäss Fig. 1 ohne Abdeckung und Ofendeckel gezeigt.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches. FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.

Der feuerfest ausgekleidete zylindrische Ofenkörper des in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Plasmaschmelzofens ist mit 1 bezeichnet, das Ofenunterteil, in welchem sich das geschmolzene Gut 2 sammelt, mit 3. Das Ofenunterteil 3 wird von einer axial angeordneten Bodenelektrode 4 durchsetzt. Nicht dargestellt sind eine Schlackentüre und eine Abgiessrinne, welche in üblicher Weise einander diametral gegenüber im Bereich des Unterteiles 3 angeordnet sind.The refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3. The lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4. Not shown are a slag door and a pouring channel, which are arranged diametrically opposite one another in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual way.

Vier durch die Seitenwand des Ofenkörpers 1 geführte und nach abwärts gerichtete Plasmabrenner 5 sind jeweils auf einer nicht eingezeichneten Stützkonstruktion beweglich gelagert. Die auf dem Ofenkörper 1 aufgesetzte Abdeckung ist allgemein mit 6 bezeichnet.Four through the side wall of the furnace body 1 and downward directed plasma torch 5 are each movably mounted on a support structure, not shown. The cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.

Der schulterförmig einspringende aufragende Teil 7 der Abdeckung begrenzt eine zentrale Chargieröffnung, welche in der dargestellten Ausführungsform kreisrund ausgebildet ist, wobei deren Achse identisch mit der Längsachse 8 des Ofenkörpers 1 ist. Der Durchmesser D, der zentralen Chargieröffnung ist geringer als der Durchmesser D2 des Kreises, auf dem die Mündungen der Plasmabrenner 5 liegen.The shoulder-shaped projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1. The diameter D of the central charging opening is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the orifices of the plasma torch 5 lie.

Die Abzugsöffnung 9 für Abgase ist auf dem einen Chargierschacht bildenden, aufragenden Teil 7 der Abdeckung 6 seitlich angeordnet. Die Chargieröffnung ist mit einem Deckel 10 verschlossen.The exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft. The charging opening is closed with a lid 10.

Die Plasmabrenner 5 sind kardanisch aufgehängt, wobei die Aufhängevorrichtung nicht dargestellt ist. Sie sind in ihrer Normallage unter einem Winkel von etwa 29° gegen die Schmelzenoberfläche geneigt und vertikal jeweils um einen Winkel a von vorzugsweise 10° schwenkbar. In Fig. 2 sind die Projektionen der Brennerachsen strichpunktiert eingezeichnet. Die Plasmabrenner 5 sind um den Drehpunkt M auch seitlich jeweils um einen Winkel β schwenkbar.The plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the surface of the melt and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle a of preferably 10 °. The projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2. The plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle β.

Mit Hilfe der schwenkbar gelagerten Plasmabrenner können die Strahlungsfelder der einzelnen Brenner auf die in Fig. 2 schematisch angedeuteten Volumselemente 11 ausgeweitet werden.With the aid of the pivotably mounted plasma torch, the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

Claims (3)

1. A plasma melting furnace comprising a re- fractorylined cylindrical furnace body (1), through the side wall of which a plurality of downwardly directed plasma burners (5) are guided, whose mouths project into the furnace interior beyond the internal surface of the furnace body (1), and a refractory-lined cover closing the furnace interior, characterised in that the cover includes a shoulder-likely re-entering upright portion (7), which delimits a central charging opening and is closeable by a lid (10), the diameter (D1) of the central charging opening being smaller than the diameter (Dz) of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma burners (5) are located.
2. A plasma melting furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that an exhaust opening (9) for offgases is arragend laterally on the upright portion (7).
3. A plasma melting furnace according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the plasma burners (5) are horizontally and vertically pivotable.
EP83890167A 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Plasma melting furnace Expired EP0105866B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3673/82 1982-10-05
AT0367382A AT382890B (en) 1982-10-05 1982-10-05 PLASMA MELTING OVEN

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0105866A1 EP0105866A1 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0105866B1 true EP0105866B1 (en) 1986-08-27

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EP83890167A Expired EP0105866B1 (en) 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Plasma melting furnace

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US (1) US4546483A (en)
EP (1) EP0105866B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59157478A (en)
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FR2610087B1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1989-11-24 Aerospatiale PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF SOLID WASTE BY PYROLYSIS
FR2630529B1 (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-08-10 Aerospatiale METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICALLY STABLE WASTE
EP0461263B1 (en) * 1990-01-04 1998-04-01 Nkk Corporation Plasma torch with instable plasma arc
US5548611A (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-08-20 Schuller International, Inc. Method for the melting, combustion or incineration of materials and apparatus therefor
CA2188357C (en) * 1996-10-21 1999-09-07 Peter G. Tsantrizos plasma gasification and vitrification of ashes
FR2762535B1 (en) * 1997-04-23 1999-05-28 Lorraine Laminage CONTINUOUS CASTING DISTRIBUTOR OF METALS, OF THE TYPE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE PLASMA TORCH FOR METAL HEATING
CN100464511C (en) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 Ether net communication system and method
DE102006029724B4 (en) 2006-06-28 2008-12-04 Siemens Ag Method and furnace for melting steel scrap

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FI833587A0 (en) 1983-10-03
US4546483A (en) 1985-10-08
FI833587A (en) 1984-04-06
ATA367382A (en) 1986-09-15
AT382890B (en) 1987-04-27
ES8407519A1 (en) 1984-09-16
CA1211777A (en) 1986-09-23
DE3365683D1 (en) 1986-10-02
ZA837192B (en) 1984-11-28
JPS6255069B2 (en) 1987-11-18
JPS59157478A (en) 1984-09-06
ES526233A0 (en) 1984-09-16
EP0105866A1 (en) 1984-04-18

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