EP0105866A1 - Four de fusion à plasma - Google Patents

Four de fusion à plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105866A1
EP0105866A1 EP83890167A EP83890167A EP0105866A1 EP 0105866 A1 EP0105866 A1 EP 0105866A1 EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 0105866 A1 EP0105866 A1 EP 0105866A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
plasma
cover
mouths
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83890167A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0105866B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Lugscheider
Alois Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Leutgöb
Ernst Riegler
Ernst Zajicek
Othmar Dipl.-Ing. Pühringer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine AG
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0105866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0105866B1 publication Critical patent/EP0105866B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
    • F27D2001/0056—Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically
    • F27D2099/0041—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a fireproof-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.
  • Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap.
  • the plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are charged with the solid insert to be melted only to such an extent that the furnace interior above the mouths of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, since otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place during the melting process, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch.
  • the available furnace filling volume can therefore generally only be used up to 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that just when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more batches have to be recharged in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible.
  • the re-charging following the melting down of the partial quantities of scrap which have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. Furthermore, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas during the charging process Avoiding false air access to the melt.
  • the invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.
  • the object is achieved in a plasma melting furnace of the type described at the outset in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie.
  • the cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.
  • a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller than the diameter of that circle at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches, on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged.
  • the protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length.
  • the tip of the pouring cone formed from the charge material can reach into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.
  • a discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the upstanding part.
  • the design of the plasma melting furnace according to the invention even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the furnace interior nevertheless being maintained.
  • the exhaust opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover.
  • the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated.
  • the cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.
  • the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner as far as an additional precaution so that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.
  • the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch can be adjusted both horizontally and vertically by an angle of + 10 ° in each case, based on the normal position. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt lightweight scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.
  • the refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3.
  • the lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4.
  • Slags are not shown door and a pouring spout, which are arranged diametrically opposite each other in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual manner.
  • Four plasma torches 5 which are guided through the side wall of the furnace body 1 and are directed downward are each movably mounted on a support structure (not shown).
  • the cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.
  • the shoulder-like projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1.
  • the diameter D 1 of the central C hargierö Stamm is less than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma burners are located. 5
  • the exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft.
  • the charging opening is closed with a lid 10.
  • the plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position, they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the melt surface and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle oC of preferably 10 °.
  • the projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
  • the plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle p.
  • the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP83890167A 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Four de fusion à plasma Expired EP0105866B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3673/82 1982-10-05
AT0367382A AT382890B (de) 1982-10-05 1982-10-05 Plasmaschmelzofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0105866A1 true EP0105866A1 (fr) 1984-04-18
EP0105866B1 EP0105866B1 (fr) 1986-08-27

Family

ID=3553789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83890167A Expired EP0105866B1 (fr) 1982-10-05 1983-09-22 Four de fusion à plasma

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4546483A (fr)
EP (1) EP0105866B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59157478A (fr)
AT (1) AT382890B (fr)
CA (1) CA1211777A (fr)
DE (1) DE3365683D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES526233A0 (fr)
FI (1) FI833587A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA837192B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610087A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-29 Aerospatiale Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets solides par pyrolyse
US4980092A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-12-25 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Method for the destruction of chemically stable waste
CN100464511C (zh) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 一种以太网通信系统及方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE451756B (sv) * 1984-10-19 1987-10-26 Skf Steel Eng Ab Plasmageneratorinstallation i schaktugn
CA2048654A1 (fr) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-05 Kazushige Inokuchi Torche a arc de plasma transfere
US5548611A (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-08-20 Schuller International, Inc. Method for the melting, combustion or incineration of materials and apparatus therefor
CA2188357C (fr) * 1996-10-21 1999-09-07 Peter G. Tsantrizos gazification et vitrification de cendres par arc de plasma
FR2762535B1 (fr) * 1997-04-23 1999-05-28 Lorraine Laminage Repartiteur de coulee continue des metaux, du type comportant au moins une torche a plasma pour le rechauffage du metal
DE102006029724B4 (de) 2006-06-28 2008-12-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Ofen zum Schmelzen von Stahlschrott

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR494635A (fr) * 1913-11-15 1919-09-13 Elektrometall Ab Four électrique
US1421185A (en) * 1919-12-05 1922-06-27 Roy A Driscoll Electric furnace
US1642359A (en) * 1925-08-27 1927-09-13 Croesf Dirk Electric furnace
US2686824A (en) * 1951-03-06 1954-08-17 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Electric furnace
FR2287146A1 (fr) * 1974-10-02 1976-04-30 Daido Steel Co Ltd Appareil et procede de traitement thermique
FR2373023A1 (fr) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Tibur Metals Ltd Four et procede de traitement thermique de matieres particulaires a l'aide d'un arc etendu
FR2396252A1 (fr) * 1977-06-29 1979-01-26 Mansfeld Kombinat W Pieck Veb Four de fusion a plasma
EP0070273A1 (fr) * 1981-07-15 1983-01-19 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Four de fusion à plasma

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3422206A (en) * 1965-04-07 1969-01-14 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for melting metal in an electric furnace
US3536343A (en) * 1969-02-14 1970-10-27 R L Clark Corp The Scrap preheat hood
US3756582A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-09-04 Hawley Manufacturing Corp Exhaust and charging hood for tilting furnace
DD109789A1 (fr) * 1974-02-05 1974-11-12
US4018973A (en) * 1974-08-20 1977-04-19 Paton Boris E Furnace construction for plasma arc remelting of metal
CA1055553A (fr) * 1975-04-16 1979-05-29 Tibur Metals Ltd. Four a l'arc prolonge et mode de fusion d'une charge de particules

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR494635A (fr) * 1913-11-15 1919-09-13 Elektrometall Ab Four électrique
US1421185A (en) * 1919-12-05 1922-06-27 Roy A Driscoll Electric furnace
US1642359A (en) * 1925-08-27 1927-09-13 Croesf Dirk Electric furnace
US2686824A (en) * 1951-03-06 1954-08-17 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Electric furnace
FR2287146A1 (fr) * 1974-10-02 1976-04-30 Daido Steel Co Ltd Appareil et procede de traitement thermique
FR2373023A1 (fr) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Tibur Metals Ltd Four et procede de traitement thermique de matieres particulaires a l'aide d'un arc etendu
FR2396252A1 (fr) * 1977-06-29 1979-01-26 Mansfeld Kombinat W Pieck Veb Four de fusion a plasma
EP0070273A1 (fr) * 1981-07-15 1983-01-19 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Four de fusion à plasma

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610087A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-29 Aerospatiale Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets solides par pyrolyse
EP0277862A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-10 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Procédé et dispositif pour la destruction de déchets solides par pyrolyse
US4980092A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-12-25 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Method for the destruction of chemically stable waste
CN100464511C (zh) * 2004-01-05 2009-02-25 联想(北京)有限公司 一种以太网通信系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA367382A (de) 1986-09-15
ZA837192B (en) 1984-11-28
ES8407519A1 (es) 1984-09-16
DE3365683D1 (en) 1986-10-02
FI833587A (fi) 1984-04-06
CA1211777A (fr) 1986-09-23
FI833587A0 (fi) 1983-10-03
JPS59157478A (ja) 1984-09-06
JPS6255069B2 (fr) 1987-11-18
AT382890B (de) 1987-04-27
EP0105866B1 (fr) 1986-08-27
US4546483A (en) 1985-10-08
ES526233A0 (es) 1984-09-16

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