EP0104629B1 - Zusammengesetzte Bauplatte - Google Patents

Zusammengesetzte Bauplatte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104629B1
EP0104629B1 EP83109505A EP83109505A EP0104629B1 EP 0104629 B1 EP0104629 B1 EP 0104629B1 EP 83109505 A EP83109505 A EP 83109505A EP 83109505 A EP83109505 A EP 83109505A EP 0104629 B1 EP0104629 B1 EP 0104629B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
sheet metal
concrete
construction
bottom construction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83109505A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0104629A1 (de
Inventor
Tuomo Tapani Poutanen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
POUTANEN, TUOMO TAPANI
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83109505T priority Critical patent/ATE20109T1/de
Publication of EP0104629A1 publication Critical patent/EP0104629A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0104629B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104629B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/10—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
    • E04B2005/237—Separate connecting elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined construction plate, which is combined of a castable element, made for example of concrete, bitumen or gypsum and of thin plate such as steel sheet, or canvas or other such bottom construction, which construction can have the form of a beam, a framework, or a plate, or a combination thereof.
  • Combined construction plates are mainly used as horizontal plates in buildings (see D-A-2600662).
  • the sheet metal and the concrete function together, so that the sheet metal serves both as the reinforcement and as the casting mould of the plate.
  • profiled sheet metal has been used in such plates, and the following drawbacks can be enlisted:
  • the present invention is based on the observation that below the said combined construction plates there is practically always attached some kind of suspended ceiling and/or beamwork supporting the plate.
  • This ceiling and/or beamwork is hereinafter called the bottom construction.
  • the ceiling may be necessary for esthetic or acoustic reasons, or because of fire safety or the necessity to cover pipeworks.
  • the beamwork supporting the plate is generally always necessary with large spans, because the combined plate of sheet metal and concrete stretches out to relatively short spans (roughly 4-6 m) only.
  • the beamwork can be an ordinary beam, but it can also be a framework or a plate, and it can be made of steel, concrete, wood or other suitable material.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and to realize a combined construction plate where the bottom construction, the sheet metal and the concrete form a construction which is at least partially co-functioning. This is achieved by means of the characteristic features of the invention, which are enlisted in the Patent Claim 1.
  • the upper part of the bottom construction is provided with spikes or for example serrated, and the sheet metal is hammered or pressed against the said spikes.
  • the spikes attach the bottom construction to the sheet metal and to the concrete, and the sheet metal at least partially to the concrete, as well as the sheets of metal to each other.
  • the spikes can be attached to the bottom construction also by hammering them through the sheet metal. This kind of procedure is particularly suitable if the bottom construction is made of wood.
  • the sheet metal is unprofiled and the beam-like members of the bottom construction, as well as the spikes thereof, are located relatively near to each other.
  • the bottom construction of the combined construction plate is a steel beamwork 4, where the beam itself is made of Z-profile by splitting it so that spikes 3 are formed in the beam. It is normally advisable to carry out the splitting so that the plate will be provided with gaps 5. Thus it is possible to save material, and piping adjustments can be made inside the plate in the transversal direction of the beams 4.
  • the sheet metal 2 is laminated at the beam 4 and folded at the edge to form the casting mould 6. It is generally advisable to cut teeth in the spikes 3 of the beam 4 in order to improve the concrete grip.
  • the row of spikes should also be designed so that it has a wave-like form, in order to avoid a weak, straight line in the sheet metal.
  • the row of spikes should be designed so that it has a grove-shaped cross-section in order to make the spikes penetrate the sheet metal and prevent them from bending aside.
  • the concrete 1 is cast on top of the sheet metal. If the spikes belong to the bottom construction, the sheet metal can be attached thereto for example by mounting it on top of the bottom construction.
  • the sheet metal is hammered for example with a rubber-headed or a wooden hammer, so that the spikes penetrate the sheet.
  • the beam 4a At the end of the plate, there can be arranged in transversal direction the beam 4a, which is particularly useful if the sheet metal is unprofiled:
  • the sheet metal can naturally be adjusted on top of the beams 4 in transversal direction, too, but generally it is not recommendable from the point of view of constructional reasons and working techniques.
  • the sheet metal can also be profiled, in which case the interval between the beams 4 can be long.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-section view of such a combined plate where the bottom construction is a concrete slab with a steel grate attached thereto.
  • the spikes 3 are cut in the pair of bars functioning as the upper beam of the steel grate.
  • This is profitable because now there will be only a small amount of sheet metal penetrations in a same straight line, but the junction between the sheet metal and the concrete becomes firm - for example it endures transversal traction, which is important if the plate should function constructionally in two directions.
  • the construction of Figures 4 and 5 can also be used without the concrete slab which is located underneath.
  • Figure 6 shows a lengthwise cross-section view of such a plate where the bottom construction is formed of wooden beams.
  • Such a construction is particularly advantageous in small houses, specially in floors, ceilings and all kinds of thermally insualted structures, among others as outer walls of light industrial halls.
  • the bottom construction is made of wood, it is possible to attach the sheet metal- concrete plate to the bottom construction by means of a truss plate with dented edges.
  • Sheet metal and concrete can be attached to the bottom construction also by nailing the sheet metal to the wood so that the head of the nail is left slightly apart from the sheet metal.
  • the so-called two- headed nail is particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • a truss plate is employed in fixing the plate, it is possible to leave a gap between the sheet metal and the wood.
  • a transversal board or equivalent can then be placed at the gap to support the metal sheet, in which case the intervals between the wooden beams can be comparatively long.
  • the bottom construction can also be of some other type; it can be for example an element of profiled sheet metal as in the Finnish Publication Print 51628 or a wooden framework as in the Finnish Publication Print 60752.
  • One advantageous and important embodiment of the invention relates to the ceiling of a building with a low-pitched roof.
  • the concrete can be made so that it is resistant to weather; a separate water proofing is generally unnecessary, or the water proofing can be simpler than normally - for example an insulating layer of paint or spray - because sheet metal is a compact construction material. This leads to remarkable savings in building costs, because in conventional building it has been necessary to provide the construction with separate water proofing.
  • the bottom construction material is wood and the spikes are nails, it is profitable to carry out the nailing so that the shifts, which is the outcome of the shearing strain the juncture, tightens the sheet metal against the wood.
  • Such an effect is achieved by hitting the nails in a slanted positioned in the direction of the diminishing shearing force of the wood, i.e. so that the head of the nail points to the middle of the span.
  • the sheet metal used in the plate of the invention is normally smooth, but when long mutual intervals are used in the bottom construction, it is necessary to stiffen the sheet metal for example by profiling. A particularly good result is achieved if the sheet metal is transversally profiled only in the middle part. Alternatively it is possible to use the transversal supports which are employed during the casting or which remain as parts of the bottom construction; a plurality of wide-spaced boards placed under the sheet metal is economical in several different applications. If the bottom construction has long intervals, it is easy to corrugate the sheet metal by providing the top surface of the bottom construction with a wave-like shape.
  • One remarkable embodiment of the invention is a plate with self-levelling cast.
  • the volume price of such a cast is from 2 to 20 times higher than that of an ordinary cast. Therefore it is important that the layer of concrete is as thin as possible.
  • the thickness of the layer of concrete can be reduced to one fourth of the cast thickness of an ordinary construction plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Zusammengesetzte Bauplatte, die aus einem gießbaren Element (1), welches z.B. aus Beton, Bitumen oder Gips besteht, und aus einem dünnen Metallblech (2), z.B. Stahlblech oder Planenstoff oder etwas gleichwertigem, und einer Bodenkonstruktion (4) zusammengesetzt ist, welche die Form eines Balkens, eines Gerüsts, oder einer Platte oder einer Kombination derselben haben kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung zwischen dem Betonelement (1), dem Metallblech (2) und der Bodenkonstruktion (4) mittels solcher dornenartiger Glieder (3) erzielt ist, die das Metallblech (2) durchdringen und durch den Beton (1) und die Bodenkonstruktion (4) reichen.
2. Platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dornenartigen Glieder (3) teilweise oder ganz aus Dornen bestehen, die im oberen Teil der Bodenkonstruktion (4) angeordnet sind.
3. Platte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dornen oder dornenartigen Glieder gezahnt sind.
4. Platte nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dornenartigen Glieder (3) treilweise oder ganz aus Nägeln bestehen, die durch das Metallblech (2) hindurchgenagelt sind, insbesondere seogenannte doppelköpfige Nägel, wo der Kopf des Nagels in geringem Abstand von der Oberfläche bleibt, um den Betonhalt zu verbessern.
5. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, angewendet in einer Dachkonstruktion, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beton (1) und die Stahlplatte (2) so angeordnet sind, daß sie teilweise oder ganz als wetterbeständig machende Elemente dienen.
6. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metallblech (2) unprofiliert ist.
7. Platte nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metallblech (2) an den Plattenrändern zur Bildung einer Gießform gebogen ist, insbesondere so daß der Halt zwischen der Metallblechkante und dem Beton (1) wirksam ist.
8. Platte nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallbleche (2) aneinander an den dornenartigen Gliedern (3) befestigt sind, welche zur Bodenkonstruktion (4) gehören.
9. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dornenartigen Glieder (3) der Platte Nägel sind, die in Holz oder ein anderes derartiges Material genagelt sind, und daß die Nägel in geneigter Stellung so eingenagelt sind, daß die Scherbeanspruchung die Verbindung festigt.
10. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Metallblech (2) durch die dornenartigen Glieder (3) erzeugten Löcher nicht in einer geraden Linie angeordnet sind.
11. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenkonstruktion (4) aus einem geteilten Z-, I- oder einem anderen derartigen Profil gebildet ist.
12. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Metallblech gewellt ist, eine Form, die teilweise oder ganz mittels der wellenartigen Struktur des oberen Teils der Bodenkonstruktion (4) erzielt ist.
13. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehende Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein selbstplanierender Guß verwendet ist (Beton, Einebner, Bitumen, Gips usw.).
14. Platte gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenkonstruktion (4) aus hölzernen Balken gebildet ist, die mit solchen eingepreßten Verankerungsplatten versehen sind, welche Dornen an ihren Kanten haben.
EP83109505A 1982-09-23 1983-09-23 Zusammengesetzte Bauplatte Expired EP0104629B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83109505T ATE20109T1 (de) 1982-09-23 1983-09-23 Zusammengesetzte bauplatte.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI823268A FI66229C (fi) 1982-09-23 1982-09-23 Sammasatt platta
FI823268 1982-09-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104629A1 EP0104629A1 (de) 1984-04-04
EP0104629B1 true EP0104629B1 (de) 1986-05-28

Family

ID=8516069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109505A Expired EP0104629B1 (de) 1982-09-23 1983-09-23 Zusammengesetzte Bauplatte

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0104629B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE20109T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3363783D1 (de)
FI (1) FI66229C (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2733263B1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1997-08-29 Termes Chantal Sylvie Panneau composite, assemblage de panneaux et batiment de type prefabrique construit a l'aide de tels panneaux
DE29615361U1 (de) * 1996-09-04 1996-11-14 Maack, Peter, Dr.-Ing., 21376 Salzhausen Decke für Gebäude
AT1676U3 (de) * 1997-06-17 1999-01-25 Goedl Albin Blech, fertigbauteil aus blech und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
AT409512B (de) * 1997-06-17 2002-09-25 Goedl Albin Blech, fertigbauteil aus blech und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE567883A (de) *
CH19273A (de) * 1899-04-27 1900-06-15 A Dr Katz Kunststein mit Holzbekleidung
DE843152C (de) * 1948-08-20 1952-07-07 Norbert Dipl-Archi Schlesinger Auf Biegung beanspruchter Bauteil, insbesondere Bauplatte
DE2413645A1 (de) * 1974-03-21 1975-09-25 Bernhard Dr Ing Unger Verbundplatte aus beton und profilblechelementen
DE2600662A1 (de) * 1976-01-09 1977-07-21 Westeel Rosco Ltd Zusammengesetzte baueinheit
DE2700416C3 (de) * 1977-01-07 1980-07-31 Otto Prof. Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Jungbluth Mehrschichtiges Verbundtragwerk
DE2700588A1 (de) * 1977-01-07 1978-07-20 Jungbluth Otto Prof Dr Ing Stahlprofilblech/betonverbundplatte
DE2924960A1 (de) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-22 Gholam Resa Prof Dr Ing Kuros Verbund-bauelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI66229B (fi) 1984-05-31
EP0104629A1 (de) 1984-04-04
FI66229C (fi) 1984-09-10
DE3363783D1 (en) 1986-07-03
FI823268A0 (fi) 1982-09-23
ATE20109T1 (de) 1986-06-15

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